Show 1 4 0 fak at jf A S GROWTH OF FOREST TREES mr II 11 S fay of lynmore Lyn mere lynn mass a writer in the country Gentl gentleman Emun of nov 27 7 tre treating treatie atin of 0 the subject indicated in the heading of 0 this artial v protests against 0 the winter pruning of trees of any kind whether forest or fruit because if a tree is pruned in the winter or spring while the bap eap is dormant or asce ding the wound remains cankering and fest festering cring for months if pruned in the autumn while the sap Is descending sc the wood forming process being then in nr vigor the wound made by the pruning knife at once commences to heal and in the case of forest trees there la Is no ugly rotten lotten liole left in the tree to mar its evenness of grain when the time comes to cut it for lumber r planas plants or boards another writer gives an account of the effect of early and annual pruning of forest trees in england mentioning an oak of three feet in height 6 planted in 1805 which in 1832 a pe io 0 o grow h hot of 27 years attained a circumference of 21 inches a beech of 3 tt ft I 1 y 0 gin gln yin in high had a growth in the same period of 27 inches an em elin of 3 ft 10 loin in had a circumference of 32 inches and an italian poplar of 4 feet reached a girth of 44 inches the first writer draws from the above an argument directly in favor of an opinion long entertained by himself that the less lesa pruning forest trees rec ive even it be done at the right season the better except in case of single singie 51 specimen trees planted and reared with I 1 care of which he has nothing to say mr fay sallie sallied I out among his own plantations which he says are of 0 considerable extent and measured the growth of his own trees which were planted as nature usually plants very thickly but which have been thinned from ame to time as the trees crowded each other but never pruned these plantations were commenced in the spring of 1847 most of the trees being less than 3 feet arid arld and ana none of them more than 8 or 9 feet in height thos e above 3 feet being generally white maples the soil is rough gravelly and hungry and the only advantage the trees have had the tile ground being too rough 0 for fon f or plowing in I 1 or trenching drenching tren ching arising r from thir th ir being put into the ground so closely that they protected each other the results were as follows circumference measured 4 f ei et from the ground white while maples 1817 40 to 45 alches rock maples ISIS 21 24 to 28 26 cc norway liples ISIS 1313 26 to 32 enzia englith 1511 oaks 1817 25 to t 23 3 cc pin oak 1843 1813 31 overcup white oak 1849 1819 22 V white ia ite oak 1848 1818 10 41 chasna oak from rom siedi seed beed 1319 1819 17 4 american elm from seed isa 32 it S spanish p anah chesnut chesnutt 1643 2843 33 44 canoe birchy birch 1848 1818 29 1 scotch larchy larch 1347 1317 26 to 30 if norway spruce 1817 rg 6 to 31 cc austrian pine 1847 1817 25 to 28 cc scotch hr fir 1847 1817 21 24 to 29 cc hoellen silver n 1847 1817 28 white pines pine 1348 1318 27 to 31 it italian poplar 45 cc I 1 had bad only tims timi to measure some fifty tree trees and I 1 selected the best specimens of each va biety but those planted in the years named run very evenly the trees which had the most space at the same time receiving sufficient protection from their neighbors have done the best in point of circumference but are of less height they are all ahr fly how ever everand and the gain in wood is probably equal the en english n lish oaks yield an abundant crop of achris acorns which the sheep sek seh sek aek for and eat greedily y forming 0 quite an important item frem in th their if float 0 at this season of the year I 1 could never do much in single tree planting 1 I is in the exposed situation situ alion aion of my land with an soil waste baste labor hilt but in fil masses I 1 c can ari art anaka trees grow almost as fast as corn and quite as profitably any farmer can make a forest it if be he will plant his seed in in a large bed and ana let them remain there a year or two the then n take them up and set them out in the place they are intended to remain rena reta ain aln keeping leeping 0 it enclosed and free from cattle provided he will plant triant a tree for every step he takes ay 1 the country gentleman adds in further reference to what favorable ghar char changes igei have eff effected ced at linnere Lyn mere nere by the tue plantations of mr fay 11 0 over ver rocky h hills 11 Is and around tb the e I 1 lake ak e f from ro in which the place derives its name on lal lai d originally I 1 bare and in appearance almost barren there have been produced within fifteen years past a beautiful succession of groves in which the wide variety of foreign and native trees alluded to in the foregoing list are now thriving with all the luxuriance of a forest 6 to the manor born mr fays figures show this growth more exactly than any description would woud have done and although struck by the sze and evident thriftiness of the trees themselves we confess we scarcely supposed they could have reached their present mea Pu rementa varying as will be seen above I 1 from eight to fifteen inches diameter of trunk mr mir 11 fays a y a p place lace affords the most roost extensive eam example le cf the tile kind with which abich the writer I 1 is acquainted iu in this thib country HOW TO MANAGE FRUIT SEEDS if our readers have not already generally disposed ot of their apple peach reach apricot and other fruit seeds the following will be faund worthy of or their attentive perusal and if they have it ni I 1 not the less prove valuable for future guidance and should be preserved for reference the article is from the pen of professor J C holmes as published in the ohio farmer the seeds of most kinds of fruit trees should be planted in the autumn the seeds of stone fruit peache peaches 8 plum and cherry should be cleansed from the pulp as soon as ripe and either planted or put into sand a nd immediately if seeds are left in the pulp until after fermentation has commenced their vitality will be injured if it not destroyed so too if it permitted to remain out of the ground all winter and become diry ery they do I 1 not stait start so readily as if planted in th the autumn chery pita pits are sometimes put into a box mixed anu and mixed with sand and placed where the frost t of winter will act upon them and then planted I 1 in n the spring I 1 do not like this plan because because the th e seeds start very early sometimes before it is convenient to plat them thein the lutle liitle plants are very tender and so easily injured that many are destroys debt dest royel I by the removal irom the sand to the seed bd the safest way is to prepare the seed opa bed early in the autumn scatter the seeds in rows aplin the surface covering lightly with earth earb earh and leaving spaces between the rows for the purpose of passing along to weed the bed the rows may be six inches or a foot wide some people sow broadcast leav leaving ing i no spaces but in that case if the bed is a large one the process of weeding will be somewhat tedious and ma many plants will wil 1 be trampled upon and destroyed de stroye at one year old many of the abe seedlings 1 will be of a suitable size to transplant to t the he nursery rows for bd budding bidding ding pum plum pits may be treated the same as the cherry peach pits are sometimes left in barrels over winter cracked in the spring and planted in the nursery rows this is nott not a aa good plan prepare a piece of ground in the autumn scatter he ibe pits upon the surf surface ace cover slightly with earth and the frost of winter will crack them by the middle of may he plants will be they must then be taken coming coining up tip r up carefully wa with a transplanting trowel and set in the nursery rows we the rows four feet apart and tile the plants about nine inches luches apart in the row by this method the trouble and exposure of ol 01 cracking by the hand is saved the rows are full and there are no gaps where the seeds refuse to vegetate as is often the case where the stones are cracked by hand in the spring and the seeds planted in tile the nursery rows peach stocks should be budded the first year ADVICE TO FARMERS WIVES sarah sarab I 1 in the new england farmer fur the following which indeed though especially designed for that favored class the farmers wives may peradventure be beneficially appropriated by all house wi wiles wives ea kitchen maids maids of all la work ani and f eminides emi femi nines ninea in general farmers wives aa as well as all oher wives 1 should always be in season about if fall work is to be done do it in the fall i not pot linger till winter sends his cold whistling winds to warn you of his hia near approach bo be diligent ani and in season never cause your husband to waita wait a moment if it possible to I 1 prevent it for although lie may have waited an hour when a lover without complaining as a husband he be will not do it be punctual as clockwork clock work in all things have a regular hour for dinner and supper rl and breakfast also if need be and have the meal always at the appointed hour unless some very important event prevents never neglect your work to gossip with a friend it if one calls when your duties are in the kitchen invite her to take a seat there or it i it be a stranger politely ask to be excused but never give to your husband as a reason ifor i for a late or a badly prepared dinner or tea that you had callers and could not attend to it it will be no excuse to him better wait fifteen yord df than have him wait I 1 i five by your tour tardiness but your not being punctual will not only be a disadvantage to your husband but also to yourself for f or by not having your meals all nicely prepared at the appointed time you will feel eel nervous heated and cross will be mo e irritable than usual and if one word of fault ia is f found it will be a spark falling upon powder and ind you will contract a great cause of unhappiness pines 9 from ta it ana W im imagine agine yourself after thinking and weeping e i g a few hour hours lle ile the lie most ms miserable erable ot of your sex if your husband comes dome come home bome from the field tired dul dal d dil ll out of spirits and almost cross and binds finds you ready to meet him with a pleasant beasant smile and a kiss of welcome backed ey by a nice dinner or tea already waiting believe me unless be he is love proof he wilt wilf come down from his bis lofty pinnacle of sternness and meet you with an answering smile and the meal will pass off pleas pleasantly autly learn then to have ev everything done in season and the only way to do BO so is to commence wha everyou have to do early dont doat sit and read or even sew till you feel the time is p assing passing wherein you know you ought to be getting dinner no nol noi no get the dinner and then improve the remaining time in reading writing playing or sewing embt as suits you bastan be best stan and do so with an easy conscience it if you attend to these I 1 little ittle points believe me you U will lii bave save many sighs and tears many lamen tings and repin ings and will live a far lar happier life than ilan I 1 in indulging 0 I 1 in a dilatory process of living it is a womans comans duty to make home as happy as possible to remove all just cause of complaint and to be the bearer rather than the do doer r of wrong and no one thing will tend more to promote to mite domestic harmony than strict punctuality in everything appertaining to household I 1 affairs try it and see bee if my rcy words are not true EIGHT REASONS FOR PLANTING AN ORCHARD I 1 dr dwight used to remark to his pupils at kale bale yale that the raising of fruit was the cheapest and pleasant est way of entertaining ones friends we are creatures of society and it is a very important object to make the social board attractive to all u mho who ho honor boner us with their heir friendship A dish of well weli grown apples is always wholesome and accey able 2 an orchard is an ornament to the farm beautiful in i a sp bp ing blossoms its summer drapery of green and its autumn burden of yellow and ruddy fluit no tarm farm arm is complete without its acres ot of orchard 3 the cultivation of fruit is 13 a very pleasant occupation and has an important influence on the mind and heart of the cultivator it t requires higher intelligence than the gro growing e in el of the annual crops it fosters f recast and hopefulness and tends to a cheerful tem per 4 it makes home attractive children are universally fond of fruit and the home where this luxury is always eng enjoy enjoyed fd d will be more enjoyed on that account olt oft it pili will wiil vill be pleasant in contrast with many homes around them 5 it will tend to guard children cb idren against vice and crime so strong strom t is the desire for fruit that they may steal it it if it be not provi ded for them at houle house and the boy that grows up plu piu Arring dering his neighbors fruit yard and orchard nard is very 11 licely iely tely to steal more things when be decomps a man 6 it is a very sure investment an apple tree if well planted is about as hardy as an oak and sure to bear fruit according to the labor bestowed upon it when houses bouses burn up and banks fail and railroad stocks shocks depreciate the orchard will mill yield dividends 7 it is not only a sure investment tor for yourself but for your children no real estate in their inheritance is likely to be BO so per man maneely enly eniy valuable an orchard in good soil will bear fruit for a hundred year 8 it is a perpetual incitement to thanksgiving furden to the bountiful creator it yields its burden of precious fruit year after year giving large returns for the labor of the flub flus husbandman lIand lland and calling him to behold the wisdom and goodness of providence do not fail to plant that long deferred orchard and while you ou are about it select good marketable fruit toe ne best beat is the ch cheapest eap eat urist UNNATURAL FATTING A writer in the te gme Ime stock journal thinks think s that entirely too much attention is devoted to the raising of prize cattle oppressed with fat he says when we bring this matter home to our bosoms bosoms or stomachs and our firesides fi resides how bow lait is it do we prefer oily meat strongly fat to speckled trout quail sand prairie chickens from the north an I 1 west at a given cost or pound for pou d the preference has so go long been the othar way that the question need not be asked to elicit an answer but merely to remind us or a fact deer and even selected cuts of the buffalo vi llyn limn circumstances afford i insa chance be preferred before fat and even prize beef especially if stall fed as most prize deef beef ore dee is 13 and not otle one not even to the foremost ites of unnatural be found practice tica ly repudiating his own theories br b personally and in his bis own famil tamil cho choosing and e even ven taking especial pains to select lean turkey wild deer prairie game and other sorts of lean naturally fed and wholesome meat fy by preference however celebrated the bleeders breeders bre eders or high priced the animals whose meat is too fat IL the question may then be fairy fairly asked why is tat fat meat ss as extensively produced when the preference with all good judges is in favor of that which Is lean jean wholesome and nutritive 9 why do feeders teach and preach fat while they exhibit a personal preference for lean meat meal the standard etan dard of excellence ia is always awarded to lean naturally fed meat both by palate and conscience Is it possible that interest is opposed to instinct anstin ct to taste to experience to science to health and to pubic economy I 1 bay eay it is not possible ko no sub clety of thought or sophistry sophist sophis liy ly of argument can make it out that the |