Show foh FOB FARMERS iid lid AM AND GARDENER GARDENERS im THE FARMER i the far FaT farmers mers lifes the life for tor me E we love iove loveles its quiet scenery fe we love its shades if its hills hill and dale dater we love its cheerful fireside tales tale we love to tend the flocks and herds we ive love to hear the singing birdsy birdi birds awe swe we love the sweet salubrious alry airy air we love the prospect wide and fair fairy f we love to plough hs we love to BOW sow we love to gather gathers we ire love to mow we love the new now mown grais crais to smell smelly wa we lore love to hear the tinkling beils belly bell ive we love to tread the grassy awn along the brook among the corny corns corn twe vwe love the whole we cant rehearse kuis puls nis his pleasures all in pros or verse I 1 I 1 arrom from the evening post THE BOUGH APPLE ehe the bough bonga applet the bough apple with what a mellow sound bound dropping Dippl ng from out its leafy nest it plumps plump upon the grounds the thick green turf Is spread in taina vain the golden apple breaks treats in twain I 1 baste to pick the treasure vy tips to bind with ribbon blue and scribbling taus a hasty basty line despatch my prize to ton yon its blush mushy dear coz Is warm as thine its cheek as fresh and fair it its broken heart a type of mine as phy ob bid me not ROTATION OF CROPS 1 country gentleman publishes the following table which will be found useful to the at Z farmer k FIELDS tears years A 11 0 D E bears lit C corn om oat oats what wheat grass gras grass 21 0 oats at wheat gra grays grass so G grass grabs rass grass 34 wheat grass grass grass corn ath A grass grass grass corn com 0 oats oata ht 6 etli t h grass grasy gra grass corn oats W wheat ath grass grasa corn oats wheat grass A farm of 50 acres by the above system of rotation oni if subdivided into fields of 10 acres each would admit of a yearly cropping of gay say ay 20 acres wheat 10 acres corn 10 acres oats and 10 acres hungarian grass khe the the 20 acres of wheat if sown as it should be early in the fall will then leave only thirty acres of spring plowing until we are better supplied with clover timothy and other grass seed the hain hungarian 0 arlah ariah grass might 0 be sown and plowed und under er as a summer fallow by adopting the above or some other system of routine cropping and at the same time using unremitting care in securing t and selecting the best and and purest seed our lands will continue to yield in their strength and our crops will be good and remunerative from year to year while by the practice now common with eastern farmers the land must become impoverished ed and the crops yearly diminished we have already and at some length expressed pre ased our views bated upon our own actual knowledge of the system of grain culture into which the farmers of the northern and eastern rn states have been step by step falling till at length it has become prevalent while the people are reaping 0 the partial fruits of their neglect we have also printed expositions and dissertations on the subject of grain culture by able and scientific correspondents all ill which we trust have duly awaked our readers to the vital importance of the subject we now wish to give the views of a single leading agricultural journal the ohio ear far farmer me r in the same connection which we find under the heading american agriculture 11 it is a melancholy truth and one that reflects much on the want of skill and foresight of american farmers that while the tike wheat crop cropiot of england has increased at least fifty er cent in the last century that of the united ier ser tates has fallen off in nearly the same proportion A century ago new england delaware and virginia raised wheat as an ordinary y crop now nowa a wheat field is a rarity in these the se states and they may be considered no ion iod longer mer ger wheat producing regions portions of krew new york I 1 that formerly produced thirty bushels an acre now seldom average over eight bushels ana and ohio new as she is with her virgin coil does not avera average 0 e over thirteen bushels to the acre if we go on as we have for the past cantu century ra from bad to worse in our tilla tillage e the lands in ohio in n half a century from this gis time will not brodu produce wheat enough to supply our own wants it is less than that time since vermont was a large wheat exporting state now she does not export a bushel but bue imports at least two thirds of all the flour consumed in that state instead of increasing the productiveness tive ti veness n ess egg of our wheat land as is done in england our wheat region is diminished more tha than n one ulf uit half and the productive quality of what is still used hab has diminished in equal proportion fa this da Is a practical matter of fact view of the casi case case and one that addresses itself seriously to tha common sense sensa of the far farmer merand and aud na dional economist instead of the vain boast that we ve can feed all europe from our surplus wheat we have got to improve our farm farming or swallow the unpalatable truth that we irgy ligy im m 1 port our bread stuffs from england we talk much of the worn out lands of maryland mar aland virginia and carolina but nev new york that has destroyed the productive quality of her soil so that she can get but ei eight C ht bushels where she formerly got thirty and ohio so she gets but thirteen bushels where she formerly got thirty five have the same prospect before them the great question guestion aest ion lon regards the future the past cannot te be recalled nor remedied I 1 one great source of deterioration in exhausting our soils has hag been the manufacture of potash and the export of it to foreign countries or to our manufactories manu factories in this way our soil has been robbed of an ingredient without which no plant can mature and no cereal grain form As our forests have dl disappeared s this source of deterioration must be cut off but a serious injury has been inflicted which nothing can cure but the re furnishing potash to the soil how can it be done is the ebe great inquiry for our farmers the ile export of our flour has been another source of exhaustion to the soil in taking away from it the phosphate of lime that is necessary to give plumpness to the kernel this exhaustion can be more easily remedied by the application of bone dust for many i years e ars the english farmers have carried on a ta large rge traffic in old bones paying five dollars a ton for them this ibis has stimulated many to gather them up and even to rob the battlefields of europe of the bones of their brave defenders to enrich the wheat fields of england by this course the fields of england have been made more productive while the countries from which the bones are taken have been permanently injured by their loss the english too have sent to eve every island of south america to procure ditre nitre in ate the form of guano to fertilize their fields while the americans not only import little or none but negligently waste that which nature forces on them the above plain and forcible statement of facts carries carrie with it its own weight it I 1 is s undeniable that during the past twenty years a steady falling off in the yield per acre has marked the hi history altory of most if not all of the older wheat growing states and the cause of this may be directly traced to the conduct of farmers who regardless of inevitable and destructive tive consequences have year after year wrested from the soil those crops that have taxed it to its utmost capacity while the manures of the barnyard barn yard the muck heap the bones the accumulating rubbish all containing in C in ingredients 0 ada adapted apted to the renewing of the soil and essential to the sustenance of vegetation 0 have lain exposed from season to season till their virtue has been mostly exhausted by evaporation meanwhile Man while the earth true to her appointment has annually exerted herself to bring forth her choice fruits for the comfort aud sustenance of man till her strength is i nearly exhausted and weakly and famishing she is at length compelled from sheer exhaustion to take what her inexorable i rable rabie tax master has refused to award her a rest we notice that there are yet some fertile spots like oases in the desert far out in the westin some rich and newly discovered section where mother earth still retains a portion of her pristine vigor to record a tolerably large yield of wheat in this day of degeneracy and sub mediocrity is truly gratifying in wisconsin near fox lake says the chicago journal N E alien allen had a field of oats which was estimated to yield 90 00 bushels to the acre the field had been cultivated for ten years and was this year plowed with a subsoil sub soil plow from california however we have more mention of extraordinary crops of wheat than any other section notice the follows following dg P B reading informs the shasta courier that a few days since he thrashed and cleaned u up a little over bushels of sonora wheat being bp el ng the product of 16 12 1 2 acres of land upon his bia buenaventura ranch Ranc lill the yield avera averaging in a littfe over 53 bushels to the acre of this amount some 30 bushels are glea gleaning nin hin gg and bushels are first quality of wheat being wholly free from smut the weekly san francisco national says the largest y yield i eld ell of wheat of which we have any account t this h is season in this county or elsewhere is from the farm of IL F peckham esq in the pajaro valley he has hag just completed harvesting harvesting 2006 bushels from 30 acres average aielt yield 66 13 1 3 bushels per acre we are assured by mr P that the bame same m was not a full crop many portions of being heing it being badly blighted and yielding not over thirty bushels to the acre while omer ower other portions yielded as h high ig as ninety bushels it is of the So norian variety the seed was blue blues stoned and the crop is entirely clear lear of smut or rust the genoa carson valley correspondent of the san francisco herald chronicles a yield of wheat in ln that section averaging about bushels to the acre i y 1 J x j it if these statements maybe credited there are good grounds for the assertion that call cail california is the greatest wheat growing r owin field in the world the herald says that people at the east are quite content with their twenty bushels to the acre and they can scarcely be convinced of the vast agricultural riches yielded by the deemin teeming soil of our state we hazard bothin nothing 0 in statin stating a that there are very many farmers at the east who would be content to raise ten bushels per acre and who would now consider twenty bushels to the acrey acre an extraordinary yield FRUIT TREES now is a propitious time for selectia selecting Z and purchasing trees from the nursery to beset be set out next spring 0 if postponed till the season when you want to transplant them they may not be so readily obtained and of so good quality those who select their trees in the fall will have the choice of the nursery those who wait till sp spring rin 0 must content themselves with what they can get or perhaps be obliged to go without as was the case with many last spring because they were not to be had see the advertisement of L S hemenway in this number w who ho has a choice collection and will sell at reasonable rates cheaper than ever the worth of straw is clearly shown in a recent and valuable paper from mr J J T mechi a celebrated english farmer in answer to the questions iphy why d do 0 we waste our straws straw so valuable for feeding purposes how much should it be worth per acre we extract a single paragraph to illustrate the subject that it may not be passed without due consideration the quantity of wheat straw removed from an acre of well farmed clay where the average is 5 ars per acre would be 2 tons per acre e science has shown us that plowed in and considered as manure it ia is worth but as ad per ton while used as food it will if properly prepared re pared realize a avalue value of per ton now iv I 1 what hat hab farmer would knowingly throw away xa 2 to xa 3 per acre in so economic a business as farming and yet this i is s literally being C done over millions of acres in the feeding of his own cows he uses daily 20 ibs lbs fine cut straw 8 ibs lbs of hay 5 I 1 ibs lbs b S rape cake 2 lbs ibs bean meal 34 3 4 ib bran 34 3 4 ib malt combs all of these being properly moistened in hot water the straw requiring 0 more than the rest 35 ibs mangel 0 or swedish turnips the essential points are warmth and moisture the cattle bein being 0 well sheltered and duly cared for the straw is a most nutritious food pounds of it containing 72 ibs lbs of muscle fat and heat producing substances the soluble fattening substances are equal to 18 12 1 2 lbs ibs of oil to every lbs ibs butter batter churning we find in the N Y tribune the following ruiea rulea for making good butter 1 I the milk or cream when churned should be as nearly sweet as possible II 11 the churn should be kept perfectly sw sweet beet by carefully cleansing and scalding after use III ili the temperature of the milk or cream while being churned should never be higher than 62 deg nor lower than 58 leg deg I 1 IV V the agitation should not be too violent when the milk is too warm says the same writer bay say from 65 to 80 degrees 0 the butter se separates much more readily but in a soft oily state and if the weather be warm will remain in that condition such butter is of inferior quality and worthless for preservation too violent agitation even at a lower temperature will have the same effect the humbug of patent churns i as s almost exploded homemade home made figs pigs said to be superior to imported figs a maybe may be made in this manner pare and core pears pe peaches aches or qu quinces i inces or tomatoes male make a syrup syrupy flavored d with lemon peel boil the fruit tiit tilt done then drain it through a colander and spread on dishes place in the sunshine or in a moderately heated stove till nearly dry sprinkle with loaf sugar dr dry y a little more then pack them in boxes and and put in a cool place ay when tomatoes are they be the yellow colored or fig tom atoe eq I 1 tomato catsup then the N Y ece eve post past prints the following 0 excellent receipt take one half bushel of tomatoes tom atoe scald them and press them through a common sieve boil them down one half then add two tablespoonfuls of salt sait me of black pe pepperoni pep Eperone teaspoonful of cayenne pepper one half alf of cloves one half of bin tin cinnamon namon and one halt half of mace mix well and addone add one teacupful of vine vinegar ar bottle and seal sea and set in a cool place I 1 preserved ne in this way they retain their natural flavor J i t A day on alleg a rice eico plantation to many of our readers we doubt not the mode of planting and cultivating this great feat article of food is as much unknown as if it were grown in the east indies all however are more or less acquainted with witchita wi thita its excellent qualities as a nourishing 0 diet the following from a correspondent of the salisbury north carolina watchman Match man will be perused with interest athe the plantation which I 1 visited was that of C col coi 01 T D meares of brunswick the ile broad flat sat piece of ground of many acres extends alon aion along the river and out upon adjacent creeks the lind land land is divided into tasks by ditches running through in every direction directions though h mostly crossing each other at right atan angles angies les leg no plows are used the whole wor work TN being eing lane done with a short hoe and along a long iong narrow one when a set of hands are put into one ot of these tasks they must smooth it off make the little trench rows sow the seed and cover it all in the same day the tasks |