Show fetn from the tle london time times th the lus russian flan treaty with china ohina the treaty con concluded cluied with china hy y count oil oli on the part odthe em emperor ri or R russia us s i ap I 1 deserves to be ranked amon among tipe trpe the e h highest order order of diplomatic pipers R rossia russia 0 asia was at therom the commencement men cement ot the fhe rupture with england in a very different position to that of all thi the other european Powe powers td she had a long lone ir frontier contier conterminous with that of china sheal had a tra deith deMith the chinese empire carried loni ioni byland tian transport glott spoTt she bhe ad an established college at pekin nominally no established for educational fonal and ecclesiastical really for foi p political 1 oti and diplomatic objects and she als ais also aiso ohad had a of chinese territory recently occupied in a boisel noiseless iss manner but bul held by y a a force fore sufficient to hold bold ho id in check all the th military r of china thes these circumstances formed the strength of her position 0 TY on the othe other r hand band she was excluded from the privileges es aca acq accorded ardea to other othar european powers she hid bad no maritime highto the right to trade at the five ports was hied bied fied to the subjects and citizens of rations ns theretofore trading to canton the russians havin bavin having baying 0 no outlet to the eastern seas before tb eyo possession 0 of lf the country watered by the thi amoor hannever had bad never traded to canton they therefore had bad rig no sharp in those privileges in fact tact the treaty of 1842 had been specially arjang arranged ad so as to exclude them th the object of russia thi therefore in he recent negotiations was to gain ga i n the position in and utilising utilizing uti lising her new usurpations to put he herself upon an ail equality with tb the other maritime aimel european ripa nations ions lons and koopen up lines of communication b her commac commerce eup upon I 1 on the nort northern bern berh frontier of china and arid the maritime commerce on the eastern coast in her first object oba act she was early successful in the month monh of may last by a treaty whereof we know nothing except ly by the scanty notice vouchsafed by y the thear st petersburg gazette she acquired a legal ri right to all that large tract of chinese territory situate to the north odthe widdin giddin winding course of the amoor she thus obtained ta an n outlet by waterway to ther thre eastern sea seas in a latitude sufficiently southern to give free tree passage to commerce for the major part of the year having thus secured her tion sher her next oct object was to utilise utilish them i OF of jourse course course she proposed to herself to obtain obtains the insertion in about to be conclude i ed at tien jein tein of the most favored nation clause and this being a foregone conclusion all special stipulations as to maritime matters were to herri herni hei I 1 matter of supreme indifference she knew anat this odious part of the work would b be e dohl dohi for her hr by those mast interested n in that partly ular matter adis beina 64 premised the russ russian lab iab treaty will be found admirably to the interests of count PH tia tines ri laster master it consists of boniv 12 arti artl articles f the first conta contains da the usual recital r recital tending to excite a smile under the circumstances cumptan cum 1 stances ces of the pea peace celand and friendship which wha ba hag has for ia lumber number dumber of y years ears e existed bet between russia andi indi china mit but it also guarantees an of senri securities ties for the subjects of he the respective empires the second article is of mo more re special importance it regulates the thy the diplomatic riia rila relations tlona tiona between the two courts gibes ave tj every Ross Rass lari iari lapent at an open pori pore a right 9 direct communication in A u i a fion with pekin arla aria f for or the passage r of 0 russian envoys 1 by land lard 6 or by sea byans byrns avite route they maych ocse up to the capital the t third ird ar arti artl til cle gives lo 10 russia the very important privilege of trading grading to the open ports and the dourth puts russian shipp shipping ing in in respect of dues upon pep the saine same footing with other european F countries we ve may pasi pass over some of the subs bubs subsequent equen t articles which rela reia teto tuto the presence efrus of russian shy ships s dovw war wan in chinese ports the treatment of 61 wrecked vr iced aced russian subjects the exterritorial juridical immunities of the subjects of the respective 1 etiva etive nations nati ond and the circulation of russian missionaries provided with passports signed by bk russian rosslan authorities the ninth a article contains i a stipulation dan gerbus td china that a convention shall be held to se atle tile he e conterminous frontiers ers of the two empires the tenth emancipates rth hs russian eele mission at pikan I from all its previous conditions of chinese control but the eleventh draws very close theties the ties that are hereafter to connect the two countries 1 this pro provides vidis that a regular t postal service I 1 shill abill be established bet between w een pekin and tand lakitta a city citron on the frontier northwest fram pekin andin and in a line between that capital andal and st petersburg for bof the thin corn communication between the governments as well as the wants of the ecclesiastical mission all ahl pekin 2 it is stipulated thab thai the chinese couriers dourie gourie rs shall perform the to aad fro service between pekin and at least once a mont month li and shall make the transit in fifteen days moreover it is agreed that every ery three month sma sfa convoy y shall make the transit between these points in a space spacer knot not exceeding one ore month and this convoy shall he be equal to df every kind of effects the vie only remaining article consists of the favored nation clause 1 whereby russia adds to the ife afe special stipulations which she alons can c an use usa se general advantages thai thal bave have been fought for and negotiated for r bi by england I 1 and france franc j |