| OCR Text |
Show The Deseret Fase Z BY MAJOR MALCOLM t . WHEELER-NICHOLSO- The achieve half this strength In all categories. The story in guns is equally bad. While the British and Germans were manufacturing guns of 90 MM by the thousand, our army ordered gome 300 guns of 75 MM calibre, with a maximum range which is short by 12,000 feet of effective bomber celling. Today our army has only one BO MM The situation in regard to anti-tanguns and other weapons is the same. In w eapons alone we are inferior to the armies already beaten by Hitler and will probably remain inferior until 1942. TRAINING DEFICIENT The third test of our comparative military efficiency is training. Tills includes not only the Individual training of office! s and men, but their training as combat and service teams, not only the cooperation- - of fighting units in battle practice, but their maintenance in the field of supply service. The test of an aimys condition of training is shown on maneuvers, which are like the practice games of the football sqnadsrThe results of the Platts-burmaneuvers in 1939 were so bad in every respect that new and greater maneuvers were ordered forTDTO; t To give a graphic picture of how little our army has pro gressed in training since the last war, let it be recalled that the main complaint in France (1917-1- 8 was the lack of American artillery and machine gun supporting fire for its advancing infantry, This was brought out in the Congressional investigation of the 35th Division and in the Leavenworth schools report on. the' use of machine guns in the war which stated in part . . At St. Mihiel the 5th Division went forward without machine . The 90th. gun covering fire.". Division made practically no use of its machme guns, etc. That Major 48 Belgiansmobiliz-eof a million men In the same period. France mobilized a first line force of close to a million men with equal celerity, following this by the mobilization of an equal number in 72 hours In ail these armies the men and officers were trained, uniformed, equipped and armed, each unit a TO ASSESS In studying this evidence, it ijf only necessary to remember that the military analyst can , quickly assess the comparativeexam- efficiency of an army by inlng the quality of its four main requirements. Those tests of an armys efficiency are: 1. Speed and quality of mobili-- . , . xation. 2. Weapons. I mpari of w 3. 4. Training. Leadership. .. Taking speed and quality of mobilization as a test, it can readily be seen that an .army which can mobilize adequate strength in 48 hours, complete ly equipped, officered and staffan army that ed, can only achieve the same thing fire department in two years.-that ran get to the scene of. the in a few minutes ' conflagration ready to go into action is a better organized firyi department than one which arrives twenty-fou- r hours late, the army of Holland mobiliz- d over a hair million men m One Item alone Will illustrate our position in regard to these. Tanks emerged from the last few months of the World War as the weapon of the future. ons. In 1938 the British had 1.000 modern tanks. The French had 2,500 modern tanks organized in 10 regiments. The Germans had an estimated 4 000 tanks. V. S. FAR BEHIND In 1939 the American. army possessed exactly 28 light and medium modem tanks. At this late date, production in light tanks has mounted to a maximum of 300 monthly. Medium tanka are amt heavy jiot yet in production tanks are still In the blue print' A -- d fighting machine with trained staffs to coordinate and direct them; ; It took America nearly two a partially to mobilize years trained, partially equipped army of 2,000,000 men in the Woild War, and to get It into battle. It will take it, from its start at mobilization in 1940, nearly two years to mobilize even the present contemplated strength, and It will not be until 1942 that w e will have an army completely mobilized in the military sense of the word "mobilization." those already defeated. " hours.'The n three-quarter- s rnnlativeevidenceto peint"out that our army is today inferior to T Malcolm Wheeler-Nkholsogives opinion. -- Stage. In the meantime, the "Nazis have 8,000 tanks in all caegories, heavy, medium and light. It will "take us two years fioih pow to RAF Attacks, Fires Buildings At Big Airdrome ATHENS, Greece, March 3. (AP) Headquarters, of British forces in Greece announced topilots heavily atday, that FAF - tacked the- Berati Airdrome yesterday, effecting square hits on setting off ' fires visible 50 miles away.. Three grounded Italian planes were believed to have been severely damaged, it wras said, and there were no British losses. Summing uprhe aerial combat Feb. 28 in which 26 Fascist had originally Jteen deplanes clared destroyed, ' the British said it had been subsequently confirmed that one of nine Italian - craft damaged thug bringing the 'total destroyed la 27. The remaining eight were said to have been so damaged as to. make their.! cerium to base Improbable , Of - RUNS STOKER TOR 1 FULL MONTH IN Donovan In London AVERAGE HOME FOR ONLY 60 ; , 3. (AP) LONDON. March Colonel William J. Donovan, American observer who has been touring Europe and the Middle East, arrived in don today, was 1918. REMAINS UNIMPROVED H. J. In 1940, Brees, in charge of the Louisiana Major-Gener- maneuvers made this critique of the operations: "The lack of support by heavy weapons, particularly artillery,. is painfully eviIf dent in many actions. the result would not have been so tragical (in real war) some of attacks without the the use of supporting weapons were so absurd as to be farcieel. These quotations give! only a partial picture of the confusion, the breakdown in communications. the mishandling qf combat units, the exhaustion and ld of loweringiers during the war games all faults in training. So extreme was this latter that the maneuvers around Ogdensburg - N. Y, had to be called off a day before their completion due to the total exhaustion of the men. Competent military observers, acquainted with European armIn stating ies, are unhesitating that the American maneuvers held last year showed conclusively that the American army was inferiorTn training to mast of those armies already conquered by the Nans. ... ' - the-we- comparison is leadership. It should be fairly obvious by now that the question of leadership has nearly answered itself. Fail-- ure to achieve rapid mobilization, failure to equip an army properly in peace time, failure to correct the tactical errors made in the last war and to carry out successful neace time maneuvers all point to faulty leadership. If anything more were needed we win quote Major Cencrat 'Drees again, who after the blistering .. critique,. jiart..ofv. hicliTve .have r quoted, ended up with theseorp-inoueworde- tile faulttrv ihost' per cent Constantine Cumansky, the Soviet ambassador, has engaged in a series of talks with Welles on the question, seeking licenses for machine tools and some other .articles needed for Russian industry. On Saturday the ambassador Welles that all goods purchased here were exclusively for domestic needs" and were not as charged by the British minis-ti- y of economic waifare finding their way to Germany. Japan's purchases of iron and steel scrap and other products and materials needed for the war and the threatened --expansion southward, as well as for its normal industry, likewise have decreased sharply because of export restrictions. Japan, which formerly bougnt approxif of all American mately scrap metal exports, has purchased none since November. British and Latin American purchases of many of the articles requiring licenses have Increased rather than decreased, since licenses are readily Issued for shipments to those countries on the ground that Brltisn and hemisphere defense are considered beneficial to United States defense. under-Secre-tar- y Sino-Japane- - one-hal- Willkie Gives Up China Trip tial nominee, who spent several days last week in Jus home-state- , Indiana, nas returned 16 New York to make plans for private 'law practice. Willkie made a flying tour to Britain recently, and testified later in behalf of the admimstra, tsilt. Friends lion's here asserted that privately he would do everything in his pow-th- e er to help measure, but that he would not make any further public statements. The presidential candidate, Informants here said, .has no definite plans for the future. They reported that he would like to go to China for a survey, but that this was now indefinite. . It was expected that Willkie would --visit Washingtorrlnthe next week or so. Persons in touch with Willkie declared he Here is one of the first photos to reach the United States from the official German film record of the blitz campaign launched by the German armies through the low countries and France last summer. The photo shows a German gun crew advancing into a sieged allied city under direct artillery fire. Note the- - shrapnel shell bursting directly ahead of the "" gun crew, -- 2L000Jons Sunk Declare Nazi Reports BERLIN, March 3 (AP) The German high command asserted today that three vessels lolallng 21,oOO tons had- - been sunk by Nazi submarines and planes and that twa other vessels were damaged badly, all presumably yesterday. The daily war bulletin said a submarine reported sinking a 9.000-totinker, while the air force was said to have sunk a 2.000-tovessel off the St. the Channel, hetwppn George Iiish Sea and the Atlantic and a 10,000-tomerchantman west of" the Hebrides. Port facilities at the British- held Lahvanporkof Tobruk-v-- e re subjected to a successful air .attack, the high command said, while other planes assaulted troop concentrations, automobile columns and field camps near Agedabia, southwest of Bengasi. Two British channel ports and objectives In London were said to have been attacked by individual combat planes last night, despite unfavorable weather. The harbors were not identb n n fied. Four British planes were reported shot dow n in the past 24 hours DNB official German news agenev, 4hid English planes unsuccessfully attacked German merchant ships in the North Sea. fire from protecting ships was said to have brought dtnvn one plane, and part of its -crew was declared captured. (The British air ministry said that a 2,000-toenemv vessel was torpedoed in the North Sea yesterday It admitted the loss of two bombers in all operations ) n Authoritative sources said the the Hipper class cruiser wras same vessel the RAF reported attacking last week at Brest. (Vessels in the Hipper - class are 10,000-tocraft, all five of them being built between 1937 and 1939.) Other planes attacked the seaplane base at List, in the Kiel region of Germany, and also bombed shipping off the Dutch Islands, the air ministry said. Two RAF bombers were reported lost. Describing the Brest raid, the ' communique said: Sticks of bombs W'ere observ-ela Straddle docks at. which, a cruiser of the Hipper class was berthed.' Several direct hits w ei e observed on docks and ,on buildings and twa large explo- sions were heard Just after leav- , ing the target. The convoy attacked was said to have been creeping down the coast with supplies for invasion bases closer to England. German-occupienaval and submarine bases in France and airdromes also were said to have been attacked last night. It was the RAFs 42nd raid on Brest and it was the first time the Butish had operated there in four days, after hammering it for four consecutive nights Jhe latter part of February. w ere British raiders active over a wide area during the week end, howexer, attacking German and Dutch coastal points and smashing at the Rhineland city of Cologne in assaults which official sources in London said left a multitude of fires. One RAF pilot, returning from the three-hou- r raid on Cologne, said the flames- - w'ere so intense that it was like flying out of a sunset when he flew away. d LIFES LIKE THAT By Fred Neher Another large army construction award was for a plant, machinery and equipment at Kenosha, Wis., to make ammunition brass and ammunition cups. The American Brass Company, Waterbury, Conn , was given a $4,750,000 contract for the plant. The army purchased an undisclosed number of airplanes from the Douglas Aircraft Company, Santa Monica, Calif , foe $1,195,-86It also bought $4,922,198 worth of ordnance. The armys buying of wearing apparel for its increased forces continued at a fast pace. The Quartermaster Corps placed ior $7083,754 worth of underwear, raincoats, canvas leggings and w'ork shirts. Hospital Heads Discuss Defense Problems At Meet SAN FRANCISCO, March 3 (AP) Hospital preparedness under the defense progjam was the chief discussion topic for some 2,000 delegates to the Association of Western Hospitals convention today. Association Pres. Clarence J. Wash., Cummings of Tacoma, told newsmen that the maintenance. of an adequate hospital staff was one of the greatest problems growing out of the defense emergency.1 Many trained doctors and (AP). 3. Inda-Chin- 2 v peace a conference being held under ' Japanese mediation, From the parley itself, there were no reports of developments and the Tokyo press confined Itself to cautious predictions on the outcome of the negotiations. Asahi was optimistio and called the French response to the latest proposal of peace terms elastic, " while- - - Yomiurt belief it Is still too early to be optimistic and added. that the French reply could not be accepted by Japan and -- Thailand. (In Saigon, French a Japanese spokesman said the Vichy government had agreed to the Tokyo plan for ending the border eon-flibut that colonial representatives were holding off in an effort to reduce the territorial conIndo-Chin- Thailand-Indo-Chin- a cessions Indo-Chln- would be a required to make. (This spokesman. Commander Isao Yasumura, said the Japanese expected prompt signature of the Tokyo agreement.) Previously, the Japanese mediators were said to have proposed cession of parts of Laos and a section of Cambodia by 'to'halland and the to French were understood have agreed, at least in princi- Indo-Chin- ple. a No concessions by Thai- land "ha veljeerrmentTOTied. (An informed source In Vichy said France had agreed to the Tokyo request that she come to terms with Thailand but had not consented to the specific, territorial concessions mentioned. (There were indications that the French reply made or to be made in Tokyo contained a compromise offer as a basis for further discussion and the informant said the door was still open to "continued negotiations and Vichy counts on a .) ful peace-solution- How Piles Affect General nurses Health have entered military It is a well known fact that pile service, he said, and more may be called at any time. He added: and colon disorders may be a fac- "It is our responsibility to plan tor in causing focal (localized) infecfor whatever defense contingen- tion, just the same as diseased teeth cy may arise. Many western hos- or tonsils. Where this occurs, the pitals, particularly in areas of defense industrial activity, have sufferer is apt to b troubled with any an occupancy rate from 20 to one or several of the "reflex associ25 per cent higher than ever ated ailments shown in the chart below. before. - Formal opening of the four-dafifteenth annual convention was set for 2 pm. Convening At the' same time were the Western Conference of the Catholic Hospital Association and 15 other , allied groups. Mtmbir Tb A unit ttrCQlltlOM. Poblttbed Afternoon Sunday Enter! at the poatoffire at tali Lake City a eecond elan matter a March 1 eordinf te Act at Oongreaa 1171 w SOBSCMIPTION HATES One month 91i noflthe tpald In adraneel One year I paid In adrantet g I0 lie - The abore ratea apply le Uta- hho. Narada and Wyoming All other atatee St month 7 Ida- 1: ycj r.ow . have piles, fistula, rectal abscess, or any rectal or colon dis order be sure that you understand ihss neacherour mussa MASTER MINDS' AND ARTISTS V Herbert. Knapp Till Cannibal last el Yesterday "(Alt ester sound picture el Seuth Sent) WEDNESDAY March 5tH 8:15 n ' Pr-M- r-j KI!IGSBURYHALL worst, snowstorm lfidhS(nts since 1888 during the third week cases; lies with, the senior offiof .February. cers. j The snow fell for 50 hoars Senior officers who - cannot the mobilize, . equip I and train an from north Yorkshire to armv in peace time certainly Scottish border, in some places should be dubious safeguards for . piling jup to four feet on '.the a nation in fold' level, with drifts mounting to 10 feet more exacting demands of war. rats (Tomorrow-BureaucSome trains were stalled, a vsv few aa long as ,39 hours. batlle.leaders) -French n CUP PLANT PLANNED ..March. TOKYO, Emperor Hirohito received Foreign Minister Yosuke Matsuoka today and Tieard a report on diplomatic events which Domel, .Japanese Newf Agency. gaid presumably concerned the Thailand- Sfit'SeaHrt Nana (AP) Eng-- - - Progress Of Thailand War Negotiations Still Obscure y Northern England Hit By Record Snowstorm that' Northern New York. $550,010 The navy ordered worth of practice bombs. The quantity was not disclosed and the order was divided among six firms. The- - armysJargestcon-structiocontract was for a factory to manufacture cartridge cases. The plant will be located near Indianapolis. The Bridgeport Brass Company, Bridgeport, Conn., was given an contract for its construe-tio, and equipment The army also arranged with thq Curtiss propeller division of the Curtiss Wright Corporation for the construction of the companys third plant to manufacture airplane propellers. The plant will be built at Beaver, Pa and will cost $5, 221, 100, including machinery and equipment, n LONDON, March 3. (AP) British bombers attacking Brest yesterday reported that sticks of bombs were seen to straddle docks Hipper class was berthed, while other raiders torpedoed a 2,000-tovessel In an enemy supply convoy in the North' Sea, the auv ministry said today. it was reported, wishkeep in close touch with the international situation and he was believed ready to give the administration any help he could in the 'capacity of a reporter a! large. today" Inc, British Attack Docks : Where Cruiser Is Held Willkie, publics-"lio- nickel-chromiu- well-shielde- d es to LONDON,' March 3. The censor permitted WILL LEASE PLANT Under the agreement, the compalease the plant from ny-will the government at a nominal and venial until Jan. '' will have an option to buy it at the end of that time. Among the large navy purchases during the week were alquantities xof copper-nicke- l alloy." loy and Orders for $1,473,090 worth of the former and $107,060 of the latter were placed with the In- -' Nickel ternatlonal Company, Nazis Release Lowland Blitz Photos i On Armistice Through an agreement with and RFC subsidiary, the navy arranged with the Brewster of Aeronautical Corporation Johnsville at a maximum expenditure by the government of tha Defense Plant Corporation, Anti-aircra- March 3. WASHINGTON. (AP) Wendell L. Willkie. it was learned today," has shelved temporarily his idea of a look-se- e trip to China. The 1940 Republican presiden- New York. Company, of ship- ENVOY CONSULTED g . 35 ments in January required export licenses or were prohibited except to the British Empire and Western Hemisphere nations. The percentage la expected to mount when February figures are compiled since, oil drilling and refining machinery, radium, uranium, calf and kid skins, beryllium, praghlte electrodes and aircraft pilot trainers were placed under control during the past month. On March 10 export licenses also will be required for shipments of belladonoa,, atropine, sole leather and belting leather, and President Roosevelt Is reported considering the addition of several other articles necessary in defense production. An analysis ofSovieL.Russias purchases here in 1940 revealed that goods valued at approximately $30,000,000 (out of the $86,943,-00- 0 imported from the United States! now require export licenses, or have been embargoed. Defense requirements, officials indicat ermay make It impossible or inadvisable to permit future exports to Russia, of leather, machinery, machine tools, copper, tin and other materials in the quantities desired. k Expert restric- d i1 Japan Ruler Sees Mims teF ed-fe- e Dry-doc- defense-inspire- proximately anti-aircra- '' dry-dot- tions cover a large portion of normal Russian and Japanese purchases here, and in numerous instances have had the incidental effect of preventing these twa na tlons from obtaining some needed supplies in American markets, or reducing the amounts qhialned. A survey by the office of GenMaxwell, admin-- ' eral Russell istrator of export control, shows that, on a valuation basis, . ap- anti-aircra- "NEW YORK, March 3. 7 (INS) The American Army as V constituted at present is not only inferior to the Nazi army but also inferior to the armies beaten by the Nazis. - already "i ' We should have courage to face this fact, humiliating as h measures may be. Better to istake still left us, how, while time than to learn our lesson too late, with the useless slaughter of our sons and the loss of our liberties as a penalty. 4, It should be obvious to the lime, average American by lidsmen in that. mere numbers of uniform do not make an army f ' capable of defending a nation. . The armies already defeated by Hitler totalled 8,000,000 men. in most of whom re slaving assur-anc- e "prison camps today. What have we that our army Is arbettr 'any of1 than the defeated and-' Holland, , Belgium mies " , France? i. We have no assurance except wishful thinking and hope. On 'the contrary theie is much cu- - ng. $1650.000. . An $8,600,000 graving at Bayonne, N. J., was - orthe dered by navy on a contract withthe George H. Flinn Corporation and k the Great Lakes Dredge and $35,-888,1- port trade is now subject to control1 restrictions "in the interests of national defense." There are approximately 2,500 articles on the control list today, and The' list irateadOy 'lengtheni- anti-aircra- (Copyright, 1941, by Interna- March 3. WASHINGTON, d of the (AP) More than United States $4,000,000,000 ex- WASHINGTON, March 3. Defense plant construction contracts. bulked large in the $74,587,031tptal of army and navy awardsmade last weeky The army signed contracts ior and the navy for $33,689,686 The'Jargest award was for the construction of an ordnance equipment plant for the navy at a site near Canton, Ohio. The Westinghouse Electric Manufacturing Company wa given the contraction a basis. The expenditure was estimated at about one-thir- Comparison Shows Little Improvement Branded As Inefficient For Needed Construction BY LLOYD LEHRBAS ' es Army, Navy To Spend $74,587,031 Control To Mor$ Items - All-Phas- For Defense Factories y U. S. Extending How does America's recently expanded army compare with" the Nazi army and 'the defeated armies of France, Belgium, and Holland? If America should go to war under present conditions how effectively could the presently constituted United States army be used? In a series of six frank authoritative articles, Major Malcolm Wheeler-Nicholsonoted writer on military affairs whose textbook, Modern Cavalry has been used by five present fighting European armies," answers' those and other questions about America's ' . . . strength with soldierly bluntness. has been As an American military attache or liaison officer, Major Wheeler-Nicholso- n his army career with .the French, British and Japanese general .j5mODally,Statioj3Sl,clu.riog - staffs and as a cavalry commander with the army' of occupation in Germany after the last war he studied the German military technique at close range with many confidential Reichswehr files made available to him. Since leaving the active service; he has spent a considerable time in Europe during the years preceding the outbreak of war,' studying German, French, British and other European army structures. whose vigorous criticisms of bureaucracy iq the United Major Wheeler-NicholsoSlates army made "him a stormy petrel of the War Department several times in the past hut led to numerous reforms subsequently adopted along lines he suggested, explains that his purpose in this series is: "To awaken the American people and official Washington to the need for drastic reorganization and streamlining of the army as it is now constituted " so that if ft actually becomes Involved in abe present war it will function most effectively. To that end, the major explains that he is pulling no punches in these articles but ""presenting the truth as heseesiit"not to belittle, the fighting ability "of the average Amer-- " ican soldiery but to"Trnprove it. The first article herewith appraises the present status of ..the U. S. army in terms of the practical experiences of European armies In the present war. ! U. S. Makes Contracts Over Third Of Exports Restricted U.S. Armylslnferior To Those Defea ted By Nazis, Expert Insists lv4t Monday, March 3, Salt Lake City, Utah Mews Admission 75c Special Student Matinee, . Wednesday, 4:19 p. Admission vUe Adults Me ed "How thankful I'd be If Henry was as patient with me s he is with static! . , . . U. OF U. EXTENSION DIVISION 7 w oii(iThf serious complications which may grow out of them. Also know the difference between mild and radical tredtrfients -with the advantages and disadvantages' of each. Write today to the McCleary Clinic, Elms Blvd., Excelsior Springs, Mo, for their e FREE BOOK. It, explains rectal and colon disorders in clear language; also describes a eom- parotively mild treatment used at their" clrnic which has brought, relief la , IhCUMnds of men and- - women They wiH'alsa "send you" former patient refJ" erences from your own section: This interesting book is free and it sent' postpaid. Us the above od dress and ask for it today by car ,wr letter. It would be helpful , in answering yoUr letter if you would check in the above" chart any of the fllr Which you now have that have been so diagnbssd by your family physician. Please mail the chart with your letter. Adv, 37 v- - - - |
