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Show THE WEEKLY REFLEX, KAYSVILLE, UTAH the Fourth X&2 ra1 $ 4'L . '4 t W'K - '' Mh 'W , A., ' M'h iff ' li'tfR v - v "r ' i' W&' When fa the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another snd to assume among tbs powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which Laws, of Nsturs and of Natures ""T the God entitle them, s decent respect to theopiniona of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation! We hold these truths to be tint all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these art Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. That to secure these richts. Governments are fasti-tuted among Men, deriving their Just powers from the consent of the That, whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the Peoinple to alter or to abolish it, snd to stitute new Government laying its. -- 1 self-evide- gov-erril- d. foundation on such principles and or--, ganizfag its powers fa such form,.ai to, them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety snd Hapofaess. Prudencqf. indeed, will dictate that .Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes, and, accordingly all experience hath shewn, that mankind are more disposed to suf- fer, while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms, to which they are accustomed. But when s long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing Invariably the same Object evinces s design to reduce them under absolute Despotism,w it is off their right, it is their duty, to new to and uch Government, provide Guards for their future security. Such has been the patient sufferance of these Colonies ; and such is row the necessity which constrains them to alter their former Systems of Government. The history of' the present King of Great Britain is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations, all having fa direct object the establishment of an absolute Tyranny over these States. To prove this. Jet Facts be submitted to a candid world. He has refused his Assent to Laws, the most wholesome and necessary for the public good. He has forbidden his Governors to pass Laws of immediate and pressing importance, unless surpended in their operation till his Assent should be obhe has tained, snd when utterly neglected to attend to them. He hat refused to pass other Laws for the accommodation of large districts of people, unless those people would relinquish the right of Representation fa the Legislature, s ri?ht inestimable to them and formidable to tyrants only. Jle has called together legislative bodies at places unusual, uncom ortable, and distant from the depository of their public Records, for the sole purpose of fatiguing them into compliance with his measures. He has dissolved Representative Houses repeatedly, for opposing with manly firmness his invasions on the rights of the people. He has refused for a long time, after such dissolutions, to cause others to be elected; whereby the Legislative powers, incapable of Annihilation, have returned to the People at large for their exercise; the State remaining fa the meantime exposed to all the dangers of invasion from without, and convulsions within. He has endeavored to prevent the population of these States; for that purpose obstructing the Laws for Naturalization of Foreigners; refusing to pass others to encourage their migration hither, snd raising the conditions of new Appropriations of Lands. He has obstructed the Administration of Justice, by refusing his Assent to Laws for establishing Judiciary powers. He has made Judges dependent on his Will alone, for the tenure of their '''Sees, snd the amount snd payment pf etr salaries. He has erected s' multitude of New Qffices, snd tent hither swarms of Officers to harass out people, snd eat out their substance. He has kept among us. fa times of peace. Standing Armies, without the Consent of our legislature. li Jtis has affected to th-o- 4 - , i Ttajor --General (jeorjeA. 77uf Rernc.'winf Gland" 4 By ELMO SCOTT WATSON years ago the National Capital witnessed the greatest oiill- tary parade In the history of the natlou. It wua the "Grand Review" of the victorious Union armies at : the close of the Civil war. For two days a solid phalanx of marching men streamed past the - reviewing stand where snt the high official of the nation and wheu the last echo of the tread of this mighty host on Pennsylvania avenue had died away, Andrew Johnson had seen what no other President before or since has seen the armed might of America In the form of more than a quarter of a million of 'fighting men. When the war ended In April, 18(15, more than a million men were In the service of the United States. A still larger number hud been enrolled and discharged. Over 250,000 more had been enrolled and were now encamped In the bivouac of the dead." All In all, throughout those four years of 1S01 to 1805, a total of 2.S50.152 had been called to military service. Near Washington was encamped the flower of the Union forces the Army of the Totomac, 170,000 strong, and the Army of the West, 65,000 strong. To celebrate the closing of the war and to give the people an opportunity to look upon the .meu w ho had saved the nation, Kdwln M. Stanton, secretary of war," suggested that these armies be formally reviewed In the National Capital before being discharged from service and returned to their homes. Accordingly, under orders Issued by General Grant, preparations were made for the review to take place on May 23 and 24, 1865 Public an JivahTbulldlngs In Washington were decorated for the occasion. Flouting flags snd draped bunting were everywhere aud nt prominent places along the line of march were erected triumphal arches covered with floral embellishments. In front of the White House four reviewing stands were built, decorated with regimental battle flags and flowers. The school children of the City, the girls dressed In white end the hoys In black jackets and white troupers, were assembled on the terraces and balconies of the Capitol to" sing patriotic 66ngs as the soldiers passed. Along the front of the Capitol was spread a huge banner Inscribed with the legend: The National Debt We Can Never Pay Is the Debt We Owe Our Soldiers. Mass edalong Pcrinsj TvauTa avenue, perched In trees aud occupying every window And roof of the houses on that historic street, were the crowds which had come from nil parts of the North to witness the pageant It was estl- mated that more than 100,000 were there, the greatest crowd that Washington had ev'er seen. ... Shortly-befor- e nine o'clock on the morning of May 23 a thrill of'expectancy ran through the crowd as the magic word, Here they cornel" passed down the line. The blare.of a trumpet,' the roll of drums and down the avenue came a little group of horsemen. At their head rode a bearded officer, oo his shoulder-strap- s two silver stars. It was MaJ. Cen. George Meade, the victor of Gettysburg, who was leading the Army of the IXTY-FIV- ' ) K - . . I ,' , r. ?! 4 ! A 1' ' f rtTkWr ' r i i rc Vic--torlo- f 1 - - i 1 ' . i . . 1 ,ti Potomac. P.ehlnd htm clattered his mounted escort and then In solid rank on rank the men who had fought with Grunt at SpoUKjIvnnla, at Cold Harbor, In the Wilderness, and at Petersburg, and vim hnd divided their rollons with the ft.. men In gray at Appomattox. Their uniforms hire soiled itiiii faded, for there had been no - brushing up for this occasion.- - They mnrehed in the garb In which they had fought and the thunder of their footsteps as they pressed steadily on with the stride of veterans could not be drowned out even by the roaring cheers that greeted them. At 0:25 o'clock General Meade lifted his sword In salute as he rode past the main reviewing In It sat . stand In front of the White House. President Johnson and 'members of his cabinet. Grouped around them. In brilliant uniform, were the diplomats and euvoys of foreign countries. On the President! left sat s stubby, boarded little man who had led this host to victory Lieut. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant Pack of them stood distinguished officers of the array and navy Halleck, Meigs, Hancock the Superb aud Purnslde the Splendid but Unfortunate. At the heud of the cavulry corps rode Sheridans "two hoys, Wesley Merritt and George Armstrong Custer. And It was Custer, with Ids long golden curls und flaming red necktie (that was the badge adopted by his adoring men of the Third Cavalry Division) who, In modern parlance, stole the how" from all the other officers there. As this Boy General, who hnd been a second a brigadier general at lleutepnnt at twenty-one- . twenty three nnd a major generul at twenty-four- , passed the Treasury building a chorus of S00 young girls In white sang TIall to the. Chief and showered him with bouquets. Gallantly he tried to catch one of the wreaths on the point of hU-abor.and ..for,, a .moment laoeentNl tbe- - tight y rein he held on lon Juan," the mngnifleent black charger which he rode.. In a second the horse had bolted nnd despite the efforts of the great rider on his hack tore at top speed down the avenue. As Custer fought In vain lo regain control of his mount, his hat fell off, his bright curls streamed lu the' sun and It was this unforgettable picture of the hist of the Cavaliers" which burst upon those tn the President's reviewing standr where " in a last effort of superb horsemanship-Custebrought the black charger to a halt. As he rode by Hie secou'd time; In regular order, the Applause which had greeted the other marchers seemed but a whisper compared t'o the roar that went up to meet this in n gy om h n o w. n c?iril covered. with . guriauds of flowers. Shortly before three oclock that afternoon the first duy of the TIg parade of 1805" had ended, .it had taken the veterans of the war In the Hast more than six hours to puss the reviewing stand. 'On the morrow their brother veterans from the West .would. .have their chance for the plaudits f the crowd. Before daylight the fire companies of the city were out watering the streets for the splendid military display of General Sherman's army" reads a contemporary newspaper account' of thfc second day of the review. At 9 oclock Gen. Sherman, heading the column, marched down - Pennsylvania avenue amid the din of huzzas snd congratulations and A hailstorm of bouquets and -- 1 1 1 . wreaths." -- Chjer In bli Memoirs, Sherman gives s vivid description of the march of his men. He says: When I reached the Treasury building and looked back, the sight was simply magnificent The column was compact nnd the glittering muskets looked like a solid mass of steel, moving with the regularity of a pendulum. We passed the Treasury building. In front of which, and the White House, was an Immense throng of people. As I neared the brick the lower corner ,of Lafayette square some one asked me to notice Mr. Seward, who, still feeble snd bnndaged from his wounds (Seward was stabbed the night of Lincoln's assassination) had been removed there that he might behold the troops. I moved in that direction and took off my hat to Mr. Seward, who sat at an upper window. He recognised the salute, returned It. and then we rode steadily past the President, saluting with our swords. All on his stand arose and returned the salute. Then, turning Into the gate of the Presidential grounds, we left oar horses with the orderlies' and went upon the stand. my post by the side of the President and for six hours and a half," stood while the Western army passed In the order of the 15th, 17th, 20th. and 14th corps. Put If this review represented all the pomp and circumstance of war. there was a reflection of Its horror and cruelty, too. In the march of Sherman's men. For along with them mnrehed thousands of freed slaves, sheep, goats, ptgs, cows snd horses, which Shermans Bummers had picked up along the way. In thejr ambulances and pack trains were game cocks, imultry. calves. Jewelry and a miscellaneous collection of other articles, brought with them hack from their campaign of devastation through the South. Perhaps the cheering crowds, looking upon these men tn blue as as the saviors of the nation, gave but little thought to the true meaning of that strange spectacle, nor realized the agony of defeat, of hunger, and of poverty for yeurs to come for the people of their own blood which this purt of the triumphal march represented.house-opposit- e - ... ,J. UJjj1u, ' Pul even though this tragic aspect of a civil render-the-Mi- conflict was lost ujnra them then there were, no doubt, among the spectators, hundreds who looked beyond the ranks of the marching men and saw the Invisible ranks of those who were present In spirit only. In this grnnd review. It was this phantom army, the thousands of soldier dead, some of whose bones still lay Amhurled on the battle fields of the South, that Bret I lime celebrated Is one of his finest poems when he wrote: tary independent of and superior', L Civil power. . He has combined With other, to L ject us to a jurisdiction foreim constitution and unackncwledrS u nur laws; civirg his Assent to kZ pretended Legislation A? quartering large bodies of armed among us: For protecting. thenT mock TriA from punishment fori. Murders which they should coma;! the Inhabitants of these Stater1 cutting off our Trade with all pirt. 5 the world: For imposing Taxi ce without our Consent: For deprivin, ! fa many cases of the benefits of TrS by Jury: For transporting us Wj Seas to be tried for pretended ofWW For abolishing the free Sjratemi English Laws in a neighboring pJ. face, establishing therein an Arbhr government, snd enlarging it, W daries so as to render it at oncT example and fit instrument for mt ducing the same absolute rul, jg. these Colonies: For taking away fo Charters, abolishing our most valuabk Laws snd altering fundamentally ft, Forms of our Governments: Fom pending our own Legislatures, and U. daring themselves invested with powtr to legislate for us in all cases what ever. He has abdicated Government hn by declaring us out of his Protection snd waging War againBt us. , ...He has plundered our seas, rangd our Coasts, burnt our towns, and ds stroyed the lives of our people. He is at this time transporting bj, Armies of foreign' Merccnarie, to co plete works of death, desolation and tyranny, already begun with cucna stances of Cruelty & perfidy rcarctly paralleled fa the most barbarous ten, and totally unworthy the Head of, civilized nation. . He has constrained our fellow Ch tens taken Captive on the high Seas to bear Arms against their Country, is become the executioners of their friend, and Brethren, or to fall themseive, by their Hacdl He has excited domestic insumc tions amongst us, snd has endoavoord to bring on the inhabitants of tsa frontiers, the merciless Indian Savsgn, ( whose known rule of warfare is an os distinguished destruction of all sexes and conditions. In every stage of there Oppressions We have Petitioned for Redress in the moot humble terms. Our repeated Petitions hue been answered by repeated injury. A Prince, whose character is thus marked by every act which may define a Tyrant, is unfit to be th$ ruler of a be people. Nor have We been wanting is attentions to our British brethren. Wt have warned them from time to tins of attempts by their legislature to w tend an unwarrantable jurisdiction o s us. We have reminded them of the or cumstances of our emigration and settlement here. We have appealed w their native justice arid magnanimity, and we have conjured them by the tja of our common kindred to disatv these usurpations, which would inevitably interrupt our connections and correspondence. They have been deaf to the voice of justice and of consanjpic ity. We must, therefore, acquiesce the necessity, wh!ch denounces o Separation, snd hold them, as we hdi the rest of mankind. Enemies in Wn r fa Peace Friends. We, Therefore, thfc Representative of the United , States of America, General Congress, Assembled, rppwj fag to the Supreme Judge of the tads for the rectitude of our intentions in the Name, and by 'SU'hority of 0 e good People of these Colonics, th emnly publish and declare. That United Coonies ere, and of ought to be free and independent State,; that they are Absolved f all Allegiance to the British Crovj and that all political connection them and the State of fir Britain it and ought to be totaFy da solved; and that aa free and indepen-to dent States, they have full Power levy War, conclude Peace, contract Alliances, establish Commerce, and do all other Acts and Things whs independent States mav of right And for the support of th!a Decaf tion, with a firm reliance on tha pfw tection of Divine Providence, w tually pledge to each other rJJVT our Fortunes, - and our sacrd-Hoa- c OLD MILL RICH IN MEMORIES I read last night of the Grand Itevte w In Washington's chlefest avenue. Two hundred thousand men In blue, think they said that was the number hear their traraptn The bugle blast, and the drum's quick best. The clatter of hoofs on the stony street The cheers of people who came to greet. , And the thousand details, that to repeat Would only my verse encumber TUI 1 fell In a reverie, sad and sweet. And then to a fltful.slnmberr I then 1 saw A phantom army come. With never a sound of fife or drum. But keeping time to a throbbing hum Of walling and lamentation: The martyred heroes of Malvern I1I11 Of Gettysburg snd Chancel lorsvlile, The men whose wasted figures fill The patriot graves of the Nation. And1 Cor(s Washington Med this old mill at Morristown, N. J, . bass during oas winter of the Revolutionary war, |