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Show THE WEEKLY REFLEX, KAYSVILLE, UTAH 111 STATE NEWS v-- r VirCs-- t W -- j si? '"'frL.y lj& V. V,' 1vy . v Three firemen were injured and two horses killed when a fire hose an. pffatfus crashed- into a street 1 - - Salt Lake. The, Salt' Lake Iron CP saidtoave Most hawks and owls . are beneficial. Uncle Sam wants to protect them why not assist Should Be Located With Reference tc Efficiency of Farm Plant-G-ood Drainage Needed. Tg3p A, -- 'l - ,r l - f1 r Gravel Road on English Farm ner as public thoroughfares, which carry much greater trafllc, In general would be a useless wasto of money. The first consideration is the loca- tion of the roads and paths about' the farm. The roads and paths are s rart of the permanent farm plant Consequently they should be so located as to best serve the purpose foi which they are intended, should fit in with the general scheme of the farm, and at the same time should avoid as much as possible places which would require difficult and expensive con etructlon dr maintenance. The however, must be tc secure tho highest idsgfee ef efficiency from the farm plant as a whole. The earth road is the most common type of farm road and will probably so When properly crowned, remain. drained and maintained with the split log drag or other sir Hot device, the earth road, on all but a few exceptional soils or In a few places Imme dfatcly around the farm lots and buildings, can be made to answer the fairly well. A. little grading will In general give the earth road a crown sloping jpora the center toward the side ditches at a rate ol about one inch to the foot, and side ditches of sufficient size to carry away tho stonn water can usually, be constructed without d'fficulty.. If the ground Is springy tho side ditches may bo made deeper, or the ground water mav be carried sway by tile drains. Tho fundamental requirement of an earth read Is alwava good drainage. This Involves, first, (he removal of the water which reaches the surface ol the road from precipitation or otherwise; and second, in certain places the removal of any ground water which reaches the road from underground seepage. Surface drainage Is accom plisbcd by securing a reasonably firm crowned roadway and providing ditches of sufficient size and with ample grade and frequent outlets. Sub drainage to remove the water from beneath tho road surface or to prevent Its passage Into the roadbed Is usually acompUshed most effectivey blind drains or by means by T "of properly looatedtlle drains. red-taile- -- 828.47. 'Ten thousand officers and workrs attended the twenty-firs- t general an nual conference of the Young Mens an (i Young Ladies Mutual Improvement association in Salt Lake last - d T hawks." of thinks one. birds of prey as being Ordinarily exceedingly bold. Some of them are. But tho redtali la on .pretty nearly every occasion an arrant coward. He la meekly submissive to the assaults of the kingbird, and be la a perfect poltroon In the face of an attack from a crow. I have seen a crow buffet a red tailed hawk for half an hour, the hawk making absolutely no attempt to defend himself and apparently being afrtld to leave Its perch on a fencepost for fear that the crow wpuld get a greater advantage while In flight. As a rule VVx the courageous hawks are the injurious hawks -c, There Is another hawk similar In Its habits to v the redtali. It Is fairly common, in many parts Iy.-'d-L of the United States and particularly bo east of the Mississippi river. It Is called the red shoul dcred hawk, and with the redtali it shares the Ignominy of being known wherever It appears as a chicken hawk. Like the redtali It occasionally kills a chicken. But It dearly loves rats, mice -rabbits, frogs and Insects. The red shouldered hawk soars, and soars, and soars, and when it la seen against the ol.y.the shotgun Is brought out and an attempt is made to Kill ufe friend that is looking for teld mice, gophers or TZzZ) something else, and with its thoughts far removed from the chicken coop mented the fact that he could rvt find more speIn a suburb of Washington. D. C., a friend of cies of the little mammals than he did In the mine has a country place where he raises White House yard I always have thought that large numbers of chickens This friend is a bird lover the reason was to bo found back oi the eagle on tnd he has many species of American birds dwellthe state depaitmcnt front The two sparrow ing at his doorstep.' Pack of his house he. has hawks kept the lawns pretty well clear of the about twenty acres of woodland, and in these minor rodents. woods lived two pairs or The marsh hawk. Ctrcus hudsonlus. Is one of the hawks most beautlu! Hrds of preyjn the United states My friend asked me If he should kill the hawks In order to save hla chickens" I told him to and one of the most useful The adult male has leave the hawks alone and ke did so tor a a bluish sate body, streaked with white, and belong time Finally on one unrortuua'e day one of tne redcoming pure whi'e just above the tall and under shouldered gent.emen descended on the neath. The underparta are lightly specked with poultry reddish brown. The adult female and the young rrd and made off with a pullet Death was de- are creed for the hawks and soon they were killed. rusty In co'or with a good manv streaks few Aiarsh weeks ch the Ickens tohawks, as then name suggests, haunt tha Wlthjna began - dls. wet places, but frequently they are seen flying low appear, or, at any rate, were lound dead with their lifeblood gope, and tu some cases partly devoured over the ory fields and the prairles Perhaps one The weaso.s were at work Alter the liawks were cannot do better thin to quote Vernon Balieyon killed the weasels multiplied in great numbers the subject of the marsh hawk. He writes: and took' their heavy toll or roosters, hens and -- "The intelligent tarmer usually recognizes the little chicks of uncertain sex. My friend was sorry value of this hawk and the fact that it almost that he had killed the hawka never touches his poultry. He sees It skimming Then there la the aparrow hawk, known to the over his meadows and diving Into the grass for scientist as Falco sparvertus This Is the smallest mice, anl wisely lets Its live; but nevertheless he of the hawks of North America, and U baa a range would be surprised if he could figure out how all over the United States. The sparrow hawk many dollars It saves him during the year. almost unquestionably is the most beautiful, as It It Is virtually Impossible within the scope of a Is the smallest, of our birds of prey This little - comparatively short artiefe to give anything like hawk Is' unfortunately named It was dubbed a full list with descriptions of all the beneficial sparrow hawk long before the day ol the English -- hawks in the United States They form a feath sparrows in this country It was so called beered legion. Let us. however, take one or more cause jt occasionally captured and kil cd some of of these birds of prey for a little advisory disour native American sparrows, which, for the most course. The Swaiuson hawk. Buteo swainsom, is parL are beneficent birds Lately the spjrrow distributed from the far arctic regions way southhawk when it does any bird killing at all. turns its ward to the Argentine Republic In attention largely to English sparrows and thereStates, it Is fairly common from the western by adds to the services which it otherwtseren-derocean to Wisconsin and Illinois, and occasionally The sparrow hawk lives mostly on small It is found Ip the East injurious mammals. Insect3, grasshoppers, caterMajor Beiidlre, the army ornithologist, wrote of pillars. and the like,. It should be said how this hawk, which he studied for a long time: ever that fully 25 per cent of the foo of the sparThe food of Swainsons hawk consists almost , row hawk consists of held mice. hocs mice and of life smaller rodents, principally striped entirely shrews. and mice, as well as grasshoppers and the 'gophers A pair of sparrow hawks hav'e a nesl. any . large, black- - cricket which-Isoiat very --eomraonr'as tile arresting place". back of a big "bronze eagie well as destructive. In certain seasons, and the which spreads its wings near the roof on the face bane of the farmers In eastern Oregon. Washingof the state war and navy building in Washing ton. Idaho, Nevada, and other localities in the ton directly across a narrow street from one end Great Basin destroing and eating np every green of the bite i louse. These two spa r row rt s wk 9 as they move along, i cannot recall a .thing hunt the White House grounds dairy. iVmay not where one of these birds visited a belh esa m epa r."but two' jsparraw hawks have yard. From an economic point of view poultry been abiding back of the state department eagle consider it by far the most useful and beneficial for a good many years 1 of alt our hawks.' 'When Theodore RoosevelJ was president he Now for something about a few of our beue-fcia- l searched the grounds around the White House' owls. Ever) body knows, or ought to know, every once in a while tc discover what he could in the little screeth owl which sits at the entrance to the way of wild life Next to birds, he was nartlo-uiarlIts hole In a hollow tree and utters Its queruloud interested in field mice. Occasionally he la- curious cry v .This little bird bas two upstanding $. 4 tree-glrdlin- g t-- 1 Mudholes Should Ce First Drained and Soft Dirt Removed Dont Be Afraid ef Dragging. a mudhole without first draining out the water and removing the soft mud. Dont try to fill it with large stones, because it this is done there will soon be two mudholes instead of one. Dont fry to fill a mudhole with sods or similar material Dont try to fill which absorb water readily. On an eanh or gravel road ruts are best treated with the drag. Dont bo afraid of dragging too often during aralny spell.IfL thin coat of sand cr gravel be spread over tho road surface when it has been softened by rain and then worked in by traffic h liberal use of the drag, a poor ea Ih read can bo much Improved and mndo to carry a surprisingly heavy traffic frr a short time. the-Unit- Keep- - to..Hiecrovn.-o..-.tli- e. road-. If ever) body does llmt, and keeps Just out of the rut, there cannot be any ruts. Let the water have a chance to run off. It cannot If you rut the sides. Reasonable Proposition, A good road between every farm er J market is a reasonable and worthwhile proposition, Look for Bad Spots. If you must haul over ten miles of f mile of bad food toad and road, you must load for the bad. one-hal- ed s rl I 1 . d d n 3:m REPAIR BAD SPOTS IN ROADS must be dipped between July 1 and ctober 15, so as to eradicate all ticks. Efforts to bring about "twilight sleep by the use of peyote weed, a tufts bf feathers which' serve to distinguish it strange narcotic, bas resulted in the from a less common but very much similar owl death at R&ndlett, Uintah basin, of of which something will be written further on. Of six Indian women of recent date, acowls which are not described here at length, cording to a report. Roll call at the Joint officers meetamong Jhe most useful are the barred owL owls the and the short-eareing of the Y. M. and Y. L. M. I. A. of The screech owl is one of the best mousers In the Mormon church held in Sait the world. It also Is a great destroyer of Insects. Lake last week, called forth responses It starts Its bunting about sunset and it Journeys from 1,500 officers of the organza-tloround and round the buildings In the country from Canada to the Mexican borlooking for Its favorite quarry. It kills thousands der. upon thousands of mice every year. Dr. A K. Negotiations are progressing beFisher the governments expert In all matters per- tween the eoal companies of Utan taining to hawks and owls, says of the little operating In Carbon and Emery screech owls that their economic relations are of counties and a number of firms on the the greatest importance, "particularly on account Pacific coast manufacturing briquettes of the abundance of the species Jn farming dls--, for the sale of the slack dumps at the tricts; and whoever destroysthem through ignor-M Utah mines. ance or prejudice should be severely condemned A.search for the flag and bugle It was the barn owl, or a species closely allied which the Mormon battalion carried to it, of which Gray wrote In his "Elegy, "the through Utah is being made by the Somemoping 4wl doth to the moon complain. general board of the Mormon church owl in te times the barn owl is called the mtmkey-facehope that the flag and bugle may because its countenance does look a trifle like that be added to the collection in the Desof the monkey. In recent years the barn owls eret museum. have been decreasing in numbers because of the ,It is reported that electrification of mistaken belief that they kill poultry. The the Bingham & 'Garfield railroad betrouble is that bam owls frequently live in bams tween Garfield and Bingham is to or in other structures reared by man, and because take place shortly. Estimates of a they are seen therefore about the poultry probable cost of $2,500,000 for changyards frequently the Impression is given that they ing from steam to electricity have are chicken thieves. The bam owb however, is been made by the roau. one of the most beneficial of all our rapacious When the president of the Sandy birds. It d&arly loves rats and mice, and one bam bank opened, the institution for City mouser. and as a ratter dozen cats a worth Is owl business on June 10, he found that There is a little owl commonly called the "saw- - tha safe had been blown open by whet, which is an interesting and beneficial crea- robbers during the night and looted ture. At first glance one might think that the of , currency. $2,000, nearly mostly t owl is a screech owl. but on taking a The cracksmen no clue. left second look it will be seen that the George Gourley, 19 years of age, relacks the ear tufts or feathered horns that are to his home at Silver City, turned worn by its little cousin. from his fathers ranch on Mud creek owl gets its name from the fact near The Eureka, kissed his mother and that its note sounds like the whetting of a saw Into bis bedroom. A minute stepped It can be readily understood, therefore, that this later he was found dead from a pistol bird Is not much of a musician. It Is a great wound It believed inflicted acciis mouser, and like most of the other owls, seems to dentally. prefer these small rodents to almost auy other Bertha Burnett, colored, shot her article of diet. Clinton Stevenson, a cosweetheart, owl raises a large family each lored .The in the abdining car year. It keeps tho father and mother exceedingly domen at their conductor, in cottage Ogden after busy to get enough mice to feed the offspring, but the two had quarreled about the they keep at the hunting work for hours at a amount of she was turning money time and probably deny themselves many a mouse over to him. is in a seStevenson morsel in order that the young may get anough rious condition. to eat The estimates for Utah on winter It U an easy matter for a person to get from the government, full knowledge of the habits of the and spring wheat indicate a decrease beneficial hawks and owls of the United States. of 815,000 bushels compared with the The biological survey of the department of agrl final estimates taken at this time last culture has the records in the case, and it will be year. This indicates a decrease of glad enough to furnish Information to persons 645,030 bushels in the winter wheat spring seeking It Uncle Sam wants to save most of and 170,003 bushels in - the wheat of Utah. his hawks and owls After coasting down Twenty-fourtWhy not help him do It? street hill at Ogden with such rapidRULES EASILY UNDERSTOOD. ity as to be unable to make the turn The "Little Citizens committee of the Bella Into Washingion avenue, Ralph Moxham, aged 13 years, sustained a disVisla playground in Oakland, Cal.. a8ked to draw located right shoulder and other inup rules and regulations on conduct of the juries when he and his bicycle crashed grounds, submitted the following series: ' into an automobile. No cigarettes. no Theyre good bo? Any fobnd smoking will be shown the Jumping into the icy water of the gate. city reservoir just outside of Kays-villYouve got to keep' paper and trash off the Walter Rushforth, aged H grounds. If you eat here, do it decent and take son of . Samuel B. Rushforth, years., th the refuse away-wiyoit If you donVIook out city watermaster of for trouble. Kaysville, gave up his life in a futile effort t6 save bis Small children must be given Vchance all the little brother, James Rushforth, aged-- 9, time. If any boy takes anything away from a ,K from death by drowning. tie kid. hell get his t for the entertainArrangements It dont hurt you. and belne Say thanks ment of 223 business men from about polite aint a crime. From the Playground northern Utan and southern Idaho in . Ogden on June 21 are practically com-TRAVEL MADE safe, ' plete. The terrors of the desert will have no fears Farm If plans of the Weber County transcontinental tourist making auto over the Lincoln highway. It . plannJLtJ bureau are .carried to completions run a double copper telephone wfre ery farmer In" Weber county will h coin highway om Sclt,Uke Cit) to?E!v taking extension work from the Utao thenro to Reno Cut In stations will be establish Agricultural college next fall one mile apart along the way, and winter or will be enrolled In agricuby these stations no traveler could ever ltural night schools in the several betml . sr,,terJI,Dre towns of the county. from a telephone station from which Reports of a calf and colt gone mad ell lor relief. A ,reler ,m be .bl he oonM from the bites of rabid coyotes reach" either ed ed the sate board of health fro rou tat small deposit on t. Just J , Tooele last week. The infested aniits return m proper condition sufficlent mals have been killed. Therf is no ' the .taliOD .. tbe other eod of cure rol, for animals when stricken with hi. aydrcphlbia. long-eare- , so-call- -- week. According to an order issued last week by the Utah state 'board of sheep commissioners, all sheep in the state d red-taile- main-consideratio- "While carelessly handling a reol. ver, Joseph N. Young, of Salt Lake was seriously injured, the weapon being discharged, the .bullet peneirat. ing his abdomen. In a jury verdict at Salt Lake, Dr A. N. Minaer was found not guilty o the assault change made against.hnn in the suit broughtby Inger Jeses. for 110,000 damages. Because J. J. Sanborn fell asleep with a lighted cigar in his mouth and the cigar fell upon a bed and did about $12 damage, he must spend fif. teen days in the city jail at Ogden. The state auditor ha3 sent a letter to the state superintendent of publio Instruction, calling hla attention to the fact that the balance in the state high school fund amounts to $13. LET said that he knew a hawk from a handsaw. Perhaps tt Is better to know one hawk from another. Counter tothe general belief, most of our North American hawks are beneficent In their lives. In the course of a year they do much more good than barm, and yet they are shot ruthlessly on sight It would profit the man with a poultry yard and a farm to study the habits of hawks a little and to learn to discriminate between the friend and the foe to his Interests. Let us take first the hawks ordinarily known as hen hawks or chicken hawks. The hawks commonly called by these names rarely kill any chickens. But the trouble Is that they get the blame for the bad deeds of birds that sneak in to the poultry yard, do their killing and make their escape while the big bird soaring In plain sight agalsvt the heavens is charged with being the Vis and receives the present of a charge of abet If opportunity offers Take the red tailed hawk for instance. He la known to the scientist as Duteo borealis. In the West the soaring "chicken hawk almost Invariably is the redtali. About once a year perhaps the redtali will pick up a chicken, but for the rest of the time he contents himself with a diet of frogs, snakes, crawfish. Insects, and small mammals. mostly of an Injurious habit of life. The number of field mice that a hawk In the course of a mouth will catch and devour la almost Incredible. The good that this "chicken hawk does so far outweighs the harm that It la a living shame It Is hunted so ceaselessly. If there ever was a creature in the world about whom there are a thousand mistaken thoijphta that creature Is the hawk, tne commonest ef our "chicken construction and maintenance are so com-pane- e AM modified and the use of materials sc adapted as to meet the special re qulroments and reduce the cost. To build the farm roads in thA same man Steu ment him in his good work f. Tho private roads on the farm diffci In general from the public roads only in the amount and kind of traffic whlci they carry.' The fundamental prlncl pics Involved In their construction and maintenance are the same. But, at tho farm road Is called on to bear fai less trafllc, the ordinary methods ol & refuseda-Xijiii- o contract for making shellsfoTih' Russian government. R, N. Pritchard, a ranchman of Fort Fairfield, Utah county, was bit on the hand by a coyote. Believed to bi rabid, and will take-thPasteur trea v ' 003 MATERIALS FOR FARM ROADS ' -- 1 1 - y s' d - -- -- saw-whe- saw-wh- saw-wb- et saw-wh- et h - -- e, -- .1. fo-th- mnMn . Z , e -- |