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Show t V THE WEEKLY REFLEX. KAYSVILLE. UTAH ai About the FloerOnYour inrnncr HatMadam; g gaser into realisation of his real strength. Herbert Kaufman. good-nature- : roast which resembles venison may be prepared with a leg of mutton. Cut all the skin and every particle of fat from the meat and lard the leg with salt pork, using a larding needle. Put the meat into a kettle with a pint of waa ter and cupful of vinegar, a few h of a lemon, peppercorns, two onions, a carrot and a bay leaf. Pet the meat soak in this three days, turning the meat twice daily. Drain and put the meat into a roasting pan with. the vegetables and a cupful of the sauce; let it cook an hour and a half, basting it occasionally and add tng more sauce if needed. Serve the meat with the sauce thickened with flour and sour cream; strain the sauce and serve in a sauceboat Beef Heart Chop Suey Boil - the heart and chop in small pieces. Take two minced onions, one pint of tomatoes, two tablespoonfuls of chopped suet and a quarter of a package of macaroni, previously cooked. Mix all together, put in a baking dish, add a cupful of boiling water and bake an hour. Nut Loaf. Take a cupful ot chopped walnut meats, mix with a half cupful of bread crumbs and the same amount of uncoated, cooked rice, a tablespoonful of minced parsley, a teaspoonful of Balt a few dashes of red pepper, two eggs beaten, and three tablespoonfuls of butter melted. Mix well and mold in a pan until firm.. Unmold and bake in a small dripping pan, basting with melted s butter. Bake for of an hour. Cranberry 8alad. Take a half cup ful each of chopped celery, apples and cranberries, with a . teaspoonful of salt. ' Serve on lettuce leaves with mayonnaise dressing. Pickled Tongues. Let simmer for twenty minutes three pounds of salt, one pound of brown sugar, three ounces of saltpeter and seven quarts of water; skim while boiling and when quite cold pour over the tongues, which must be completely covered with the brine. A delicious F ALL the artificial flowers made In the United States 74 per cent are made In New fork city, says a government report. A report of the Consumers league of that city shows that a large proportion of these flowers are made in tenement houses and that most of the workers are children whose ages range from eleven down to four. It would be shocking to some to see with their own eyes how he beautiful flowers which adorn their hats are made by the tiny hands of young children, some of them mere babies, who work from early morning until late at flight and earn from ten to fifteen cents a day. Yet the purpose of this article is not to shock anyones sensibilities, but to lay bare facts and describe conditions as they are, says Israel Zevln In the New York Herald. Some ten or twelve years ago a few men and worn-owere sitting in the assembly room of a settlement .house listening to the talk of a charity investigator, who, among other things, told a story of how, on a cold winter night, a poor family were sitting huddled together round a sm&R stove and burning up a pack of old papess, which the Jobless head of the family had dug up in some place. . "That was the only fuel they were able to get, the investigator said. The children were clapping their .hands with Joy, feeling the warmth of the flames penetrating their frail bodies. "Suddenly one of the children, a thoughtful little girl, stopped for a moment and, becoming serious, asked her mother: Mamma, dear, please tell me, what do those poor children who have no old papers do on a cold night like this?" The women and men laughed; they thought H was clever. But there was who did not laugh onejnan All night the vision of those pale, emaciated sitting around the atove haunted him, and for a long time he was tortured by the heartache effect of the grim Joke. IJe is now one of the chief workers of the movement one-fourt- -- n -- to abolish child labor. m eleven-year-ol- d st o Yorkstate. How many more could be included in this list it was impossible to ascertain. Many families were visited during the morning, when the children were at school, and it was only through the word of the mother that we were able to determine whether or not the children helped with the flowers after school hours. For the most part only cases of children who were actually found at work were listed. Therafore. the estimate is a very -- con-ervati- w one.. , lHQJi r J ROADS IN PROPER CONDITION . Oiling, If Not Rightly Done, Will Simply Be a Waste of Money Must Be Cared For. On nearly every hand we hear the cry, "Oil the roads. Why doesn't someone oil the roads and get rid ot this terrible mud and slush that are compelled to travel through so There large a part of the year? seem to be some who think that if our roads were Just oiled most of our troubles, bo far as the roads are concerned, would be a thing of the past. Many of them seem to think that if the road bosses would only go out three-quarter- chll-dre- n two-roo- easy-goin- d, GOOD THINGS. - forget-me-no- Ability Is often burled deep In conA blow ia the face has more than once stirred a tent and Indifference. Most artificial flowerT'are made by children in disease-infeste- d tenement houses under very bad working conditions. Efforts made to stop the evil It is not pleasant, these facts relating to the work of children. Some of them almost challenge ity. For how could any mother allow her tiny baby, three or four years old, who is even too young for the kindergarten, to sit Indoors all day long and work making imitations of flowers the child has never seen? 8ome Startling Cases. And yet I have seen children begin to learn to make artificial flowers when they were ohly two years old. I do not say that children of that age are compelled or coaxed by their mothers to work, but it is this way. The baby sits In a chair by the table watching mother and the other children work. The baby stretches out its hands, grabbing a petal or a leaf To satisfy his desire the mother gives the baby a few petals, showing him how to pull them apart. At three or four the child is already an efficient worker, able to earn about ten cents a day. Here are some of the facts: A mother and two daughters, living and working in a rear tenement, so dark that an oil lamp must be kept burning all day in order that they t wreaths. may see to work, make one dozen seven cents for receive wreaths, They and can earn $4,20 every 15 days. A frail, delicate mother of five children sits at a flat from morning until table In their late at night putting artificial berries on stems. She earns from ten to fifteen cents a day. flat, where three children hve In a four-roodied of therMlosla and two others were suffering girl made from it, a mother and an ' 15 cents a at gross. Artificial Toses In one home on a Saturday morning four children, ten, nine, six and four years old. were found sitting by a table near the one window making ' cherrieB. They had been there Btnce six oclock in the morning. and worked each day until eight oclock at night. No child above four or five is considered too young to work. The hours for all, whether chil: dren or adults, are determined not by law, not by the physical welfare, but by the amount of workextra an is there If done. be to factory gives out half-paAmount of work the whole family work from at or eleven ten five ia the morning until oclock two or one even until night, and sometimes eat in the morning, stopping only long enough to cofand bread of meal dry spaghetti, their scanty fee, on which they seem to Subsist Breaking the Labor Law. families studied by the investigator 155 in the league 601 children were found. Consumers for the More than 18 per cent of these were fourteen something years and over and were contributing were five cent 36 about per to the family income; work, though in a years and under, too young to were found helping this age few cases children of -- with the flow era. Out of the remaining 46 per cent -- laetween the ages pf six and fourteen who might b found helping 14 per cent were busily at work at 14 per the time of the investigators call. At least wera able to do this cenLthguLihe-.chillretL,wfaWrk were violating the child labor law of New The JTOm GM51M SOMETHING DIFFERENT. What housewife does not enjoy put- before her famting dainty new dishes ily. ' remembering, too. that the attractive way - The tenement houses where most of the flowers are made a ) ot the worst type, with dark and shaky stairways. The crowded tenement houses of the "congested East side, ot which so much has been said In print, are palaces in comparison to those rickety old structures. And in them the children of sunny Italy spend their days and nights. Ostensibly it is their inherent love for flowers that is drawing them to this work. It is not an easy matter to get the confidence of some f the woven and to make them answer questiuks. They are always suspicious that visitors are from the board ot health with a mission to tvake trouble. In some houses no amount ot arguing or coaxing will bring results not even the assurance of the children who return from school and are appealed to. However, there are some who are quite willing to talk and to shed light on the situation. They are not greedy, but they are very ambitious, and it is their ambition that impels them to utilizes every possibility of making money. Average $8 a Week. people. The Thy are all honest, children are orderly and respectful, and there was a world of love in the mothers eyes on seeing them return from school and resume their work separating petals and pasting leaves on stems. The earnings of heads of the families were found to average eight dollars a week, whlch. according to the standard of living in that locality, is a fair income. A good many of the men work in flower factories and from them they take work home. The others are mostly shoemakersrbootblacks and pushcart peddlers. One of the places where children were found at work after school hours had a restaurant and pool-- , room on the ground floor of the building in which the family lived. When there are no diners in the restaurant the long dining table is covered with wreaths and bunches of cherries and note, a mother and her children working diligently at them. The proprietor of this restaurant was also in the rag business. In one place a young woman, Margarita RoszonL who looked quite different from the general type she being blonde and having blue eyes was at work with her little girl, who seemed to be a willing and ambitious helper. Little Glovanna. three years old, looked like a miniature of her mother golden haired and eyes of the color of violets. "I dont want her to help me, the mother said, "but she insists on doing that. And she accentuated her words by bending over the child and kissing her with all the fondness of a mother. The children one meets here, in the streets are all pretty, but their beauty fades before maturity. Their physical development Is ' stunted by long hours of work and very little play. Their child- hood does not last long. A girl who is married at fourteen is no rare case. Here they milelhe step from childhood right to manhood and woman hard-workin- g hod7skll)rmg'oveFf&eperr6drj'6uOi''ahd"'mal(r enhood. WhyJTeny Sella Flowers, Such a child was Tony, who at thirteen became the breadwinner for the family, selling flower real flowers by day and helping his mother make artificial flowers by night Tony was never a boy; he never played In the streets with other children, never threw a ball In the air. Tonys father kept a fruit' stand on a corner, where he alig shined shoes and roasted peanuts You could see him at this stand in the early morning before people went to work and late at night after they returned home from the theater. He was there In all kinds ot weather, and he had been on the same spot tor 15 years. During this period his wife and later his children helped to swell his bank account by making artificial flowers. -- When the war began there was a run on the bank where. Tonys father kept his savings. The bank was closed, and then the poor mans reason gave way. He was taken to an insane asylum, and Tony, not being able to keej) up his father's business, took to selling flowers as his trade.'' And Tony is not the only "man at the early age of thirteen. Owners of.flower factories find it more profitable to have work done in the tenements by women and children. The flower factories give out parts of flowers petals, leaves, and stems to be made up into whole flowers and wreaths by. the workers ip their homes. Usually the oldest child in the family calls for these parts, which she carries home in a huge pasteboard box. When the flowers are done she brings them back to the factory and the boss pays her for the work. The petals, which usually come from the factory in bunches, must be separated and then pasted to gether with the leaves and stems. Sometimes there are as many as nine pieces which must be Joined before the flowers are ready to be returned to the factory. Buds are made by tying pieces of silk over a round ball of cotton. The work, though slow and tedlousris not hard and can be done with very little skill and practice. Whole families were found busily working around a table in the kitchen or living room pasting and twisting and bunching the gayly colored flowers, which sometimes give the only bright note to an otherwise desperately dingy home. Worst Paid Work. The price paid for the work is perhaps the lowest In any trade. Prices vary from two cents a gross for pasting leaves on stems to Jl.40 a gross for making flower wreaths. One girl of fifteen, who had trouble with her spine, was found at work putting berries on the ends of stems and receiving for the work only one cent a gross. She told the investigator that she made usually ten cents a day. "But when my little sister helps me, she added "I can make fifteen cents a day. It ia these conditions that the Consumers league is striving to abolish. And the activities of the Consumers league are not limited to the flower industry. The members of the league are working hard, to improve conditions in other occupations in which women and young children are employed, and have been doing great work in educating the people on the dangers of woman and child labor under unsanitary conditions By liullng ottt-th- e- dngera-4o-tharnn- m,r through goods made in dark and atriesa here scarlet fever and other contagious diseases were found to exist, the leaders of the league have already accomplished many good results. But there is much work to be done. Few realize how closely connected are our own lives with the lives of the workers along certain industrial lines.' It is not only the health of the workers that is often at stake, but the conditions are a menace to the consumers as well, and the danger to society is great. in which they are served is a large part of their popularity. ... A delicious salad dressing tor fruit is made by using two tablespoonfuls of honey, three tablespoonfuls ot olive oil, a tablespoonful ot lemon Juice and a dash of salt Use as soon as blended. Especially fine on pineapple. Sage Rarebit-- Cut fine a half pound of rich sage cheese, add two tablespoonfuls of flour; to two egg yolks, slightly beaten, add one and a half cupfuls ot milk,- - a fourth of a teaspoonful each of paprika and salt and two tablespoonfuls of butter. Cook over hot water until smooth, stirring often. Serve on buttered feast or crackers. When this mixture is cold it makes a nice sandwich filling. Fresh Strawberry Bavarian Cream. Soak two tablespoonfuls of gelatin in water to covei, put a half cupful of sugar in a saucepan with a halt cupful of water, add a half a box of stemmed berries tnd heat to the boiling point, but dornot mash return in the gelatin and'when thickened like egg white add a pint of cream whipped, folding it in carefully. Let stand to become stiff and serve with a garnish of berries. Strawberry -- Dumplings Take two and a half cupfuls of berries, a cupful of sugar, a tablespoonful ot butter, two cupfuls of boiling water, and let simmer a few minutes. Mix together a cupful of flour, two teaspoonfuls of baking powder, a fourth of a teaspoonful of salt and three fourths of a cupful of rich milk. Drop the batter In eight portions into the boiling sirup; cover tightly and cook twenty minutes without lifting the lid. Serve hot with the sauce and whipped cream if desired. Raspberry dumplings are prepared in the same way. Fruit Sauce Take a third of a cupful of raspberry Jam, or strawberry if preferred, add two tablespoonfuls of thick sweet cream, whipped, and serve on the pudding. Queer Name of Georgia Town. A town In Georgia rejoices In the strikingly original, but somewhat an- - Good Road in Illinois, 1 and pour some oil on the roads tho thing would be done and our trouble would be over. While we are of the opinion that, if rightly done, ofllng would be a great help, we are equally of the opinion that if not rightly dona It will simply he a waste of money, writes T. T. Smith of Montgomery county, Illinois, in Farmers Review. To begin with, the road must bo o shaped that water cannot stay o It; it must be so graded up In the center and the ditches so opened at the sides that the water will run off quickly, and it must be kept in this shape, or oiling will be of very little use. In fact, if we would only do the work necessary to fit the roads for oiling, we would have fairly good roads such roads as could be used by an- - automobile most of the time. We havent read of or heard. of, an expert on the oiling question but who says that before oiling the roadbed must be put In proper shape and after oiling It must be kept in shape. H this is not done we will be disappointed In the Job. While we yield to no one in the desire for better roads, we are not very sanguine about oiling under present condltionsuJuding by the work done by the'mSjorityof commissioners of highways, we have grave doubt about its advisability and we wish to repeat if we will only put the roads In proper condition and keep them in that condition, ws will have good roads without oiling. INTEREST IN ROAD BUILDING Until Fanner Beeomee Owner of Motor Car He la Apt to Be Conserve-tive on Highway Question. Never, perhaps, has there been so much interest taken in road building as is being taken now. This is caused largely by the automobile. Just in proportion as the number of aut mobiles Increases the interest in road building increases. Until he becomes the owner of an automobile the farmer is apt to be mighty-conservati- ve on the question-- of roads. Bays the Tanners Mail and Breeze. Often he objects on the ground that making good roads increases his taxes and only affords a pleasure way for the automobile Joy riders. As soon, however, as he becomes the owner of an automobile, he becomes a good roads booster and has little patience with the man who talks against good roads. We are, however, learning a lot about building roads and still have a good deal to learn. It looks now as If the concrete road might be the last word In road building and prove in the long run to be the cheapest road that can be built. Finally, however, it ia quite possible that the flying machine will teach such a state of perfection that flying machines will be M common as automobiles are now, and the need for roads for pleasure riding will be greatly lessened. Value of GoodJRoaW Most people recognize the value of good roads. The only thing that keeps TM ws from- - having good roada every- where is the cost, and with" a" few miles of good roads made each year this country will soon be favored with a' system of roads that will be in keep- i tag with the wealth and prosperity of Liable to Be Misunderstood. & v "Some people said Uncle Eben. the country. "talks so much bout their troubles dat Amen. you gits a notion deys toyin' to shove Let u have peace and good road all de bein sorry off on to somebody and trust to God for the resL Pitta- 1jaKansan. ' |