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Show THE WEEKLY EEFI.EX.'TCAYSVILXEr'OTAH HOW T0..SELECT. CORK -- ears SPORTS; OF THE FAHul t Distinguish Between Breed of Same Color Each Va- -, rlety Haa Characteristic Ship. Difficult White Plymouth Rock Chicken Is One of Most Familiar.' The first point in judging a sample of corn ia to determine its trueness to the type or breed characteristics. There are breeds of ' corn, like breeds II Another Interesting and Valuable DL version Is Development of Polled of cattle vhieht have peculiar colors or forma which distinguish them. It Du r hem Breed of Cattle The is difficult to distinguish between Dwsrf Tomato Is Another. breeds of corn of the same color, but thla may be lermed by experience in (By PROP. JOHN WILLARD BOLTE.) handling corn of various breeds. In The term sport7-tneans many cerare snpure"cibnrbTanyTreedthere to We each many people. things tain marks which may be easily rec- think In our own language and see ognized. the same object in different colors Take the shape of the ear, for from various sldea. Sport from the The ideal ear Is cylindrical, standpoint of the man interested in Is too or not too crooked tapering. It heredity lsran unprecedented and unas difficult to find an ear of corfi per- accountable change of character, In fect 'in shape as it is to find cows, the of perfectly normal paoffspring ' horses andwith sheep perfect forms. rents.' This change be alight, or The shape of ears of the different It may be absolutelymayrevolutionary, varieties of corn differ as widely as but if It be a true It has never the shape and form of the different occurred before insport of the pu breeds of cattle. Each class and this particular Individual ancestry variety has a characteristic shape peThe new character may effect one culiar to itself. The most desirably organ-or- -th structure et the shaped ear is cylindrical from butt to individual. There is no way of trao-In, Where-ear- s areTneKired'to-tapertip. the causes of the change-an- d ne -- It will be noticed that two or four be will that it transmitted certainty rows, as a rule, are dropped near the of the sport.-Judging" the It is from these abrupt spontaneous . corn ear, take into consideration the of Btrange characters appearances soU and climatic conditions in which that Borne of our most valuable varieties of plans and animals have come. Perhaps one of the most far miliar sports In animal world Is the -"- -- g middle-:ofiiheear.i"- In The ear at the Jsft Is too short and thick, although good In other respects, the second ia a desirable ear, the third has an enlarged butt and Irregular rows, while ths fourth, -at tho right, Is too slender, the corn is grown." The shape of a desirable ear for southern or central Illinois would differ in many respects from the most desirable, ears for The shorter northern 'Wisconsin. growing season in the north demands a shallower kernel and a smaller ear Jo enable the corn to mature. - DISEASE MAY BE PREVENTED Fatal Malady of Canker Sore Mouth Causes Extsnslvs Lota of Little .Pig Every Year. The loss of little pigs from this die- base annually is extensive, hut largely might be preVented by proper care. The cause of the disease Is Infection of alight scratches of the nose, mouth and gums by what is called bacillus This germ Is present necrophorus. normally In the intestines of hogs and may be found wherever votdlngs have sea propped. Th disease, therefore, Is most likely to attack pigs kept in insanitary yards and buildings, and the contagion lurks there from year do year. - - -sows and the disease, Io prevent pige should be provided with clean buildings and yards. Be sure to have White Plymouth Rock chicken. This ariety ia a pure sport derived from the Barred variety and the pure white chicks occurred in two or three places in this country at about the same time. .Fortunately they transmitted their white color to their offspring and thus was created a new breed, purs white In color, and true Plymouth Rocks in every other characteristic. 'Another interesting and valuable sport is the Polled Durham breed of cattle,' a hornless breed ' descended from the true sports of the Shortboime. The flrBt true polled Shorthorns were born of horned parents, hut their offspring were usually hornless. kingdom, one of the latest sports ia the Dwarf Tomato which we told you about in a recent article. It came spontaneously from tall stock, had f ull sized fruit - jt smaller numbers, and the stalk was Btlff enough to support the fruit. It Immediately became populor and bids fair to supplant its parent variety for field use, because It produces more and better fruit to the acre. Sports without number have among the flowers and most of us are familiar with numerous cases of unexpected new shapes and colorings. Many of the finest varieties of ap pies and other tree fruits are'of spon- taneous origin, nd we credit a num- her of valuable grains and field crops to the same mysterious forces which we know not. While giving sports due credit, w must acknowledge that cross breeding and careful selection are fully as important, if not more so, and they are -- - mziR&zjirczzwcm- a&ZSZ CZ2&&BIT JfCUJMZIf&.UFA made a satisfactory NOTHER unconfirmed report of the death of Menellk II.,. emperor of Abyssinia, has drawn attention to that monarchs isolated and kingdom, which since the monarchs Illness has been governed by a council of ministers. The present rulers reign began In IE 89, when, taking advantage ot the disordered state of northern Menellk proclaimed Abyssinia. himself king of kings of Ethiopia 4 f on March 12, 1889, and was crowned at Entollo on November 3 of the same year. Ras Mangascla, a natural son of Theodore, made several attempts to regain power, hut Mene-1defeated all efforts to overthrow him. He conducted his government with firmness and sagacity and steadily consolidated his power. In the first year of his relgnhe made a. treaty much-moItalians, practically placing Abyssinia "withth" available to'manktndrA under their protectorate, they on their part agreemutations of character great ipany him 4,000,000 francs. In consequence to lend which are called b parts are really ing with the Italians and their encroachof disputes to one charae changes due. crossing on his ment territory and also of differences reter with another. lative' to the tJcclall treaty Menellk raised a army and inflicted a serious reverse on the INCREASE IN FARM PROFITS large Italian advance guard at Umbalago in December,' 1895. The Negus then made - propositions of Farmers Make Serlou Mistake of peace, but they .were unacceptable to th Italians -as they included a demand for retirement and Spreading Energies' Over Too also for a modification of the Ucciall treaty. Large Area, Says Worst. On February 24,' 1896, the Abysslnlans concenof North Da- trated at Adowa and were pursued there by th (By J. H. WORST, kota Agricultural College.) Italian forces under General BaratierL The ItalIt requires approximately seven doI ian troops advanced against the Abyssinfans in lars per acre to grow a crop. This three, columns, but the configuration of the counlRcludes;,intere8t.:onthe Investment, try permitted Menellk to concentrate bis men In cost :of see4Tmr, and teaf on farm an attack on the left column, and the otbewtwo machinery, labor, etc. By adding one columns being prevented partly by the configdollars worth of labor to each acre, uration of the ground and partly It is said by bad there is little question but that the dispositions consequent on a want of unanimity average profits would be doubled. In amongst the generals from arriving In time to otherjwords, as much profit should be assist th Italians suffered an overwhelming de-realized from the one additional dol- feat with a loss of 7,000 men killed and wounded. lar's worth of labor aa la now .realize, This caused th fall of Signor Crispls governfrom th seven dollars worth of un- ment, and General Valles was sent with full avoidable labor and Investment. Con power to treat, and an agreement fully recognizBequently if farmers would devote ing .the Independence of Abyssinia-wasigned. of their land to growing corn Menellk had three concubines, by whom he had and alfalfa, neither of which Interfere one son, who died at tbe age of thirteen, and with the time and labor employed In two daughters. One of them, Zeodita (Judith), married a Dljasmach who was governor of the farming u, beat, ana put more labor.- thus make available on Wonomigra Gallaa, and the other. Schoagasch, as many acree ot married Ras Michael, governor of the Wollo Galla only wheat, they would grow mor wheat country. Menellk married in 1883 Tattou. the present than where they spread their energies She was a daughter. of Batul, a former The over empress. larger acreage. command" alfalfa fed to live .stock Ras of Gondar, where the women are famous for would Insure them a large additional their white sklnB. She herself was a great beauIncome, and one that is not often ad- ty and very fair. She first married Waldo Gaversely influenced by climatic condi- briel. one of King Theodore's generals, but he tions, while the fertility deposited up- was killed by Theodore shortly after their maron the farm resulting from feeding riage. Soon after King Theodores death she the corn and alfalfa to live stock took for her second husband Dedjaz Tekla divorced. She was then married would vastly improve the productive for the third time to the governor of one of the ness of the soil. provinces, who was subsequently Imprisoned by King John of Abyssinia. She then returned to a Handling Manure Once Only. there to marry the It should be the rule never to han- convent for a time but leftThen Meneiik fell In Kanjazmach Likargacho. redle manure more than once.- When love with her, and In 1SE3. all obstacles having shed or moved from the barn feeding been removed, she made him her fifth husband. it should be loaded at once Into the Queen Taitou has borne Mgnelik no children. Bpreader and hauled to the field. If She has the reputation of being a woman of amount the proand small is farm the unusual of character and ia said to have strength duced is only at the rate of one or two had influence with her husband. She does great imand loads a week, the convenience not, however, share his views with regard to the from it of directly provement taking of foreigners and foreign ways. the stable and spreading it at once on , 1909, he had little-- known d Jan After one year all boars should have their tuek removed at least twice a year. Dae strong nippers or sharp blacksmiths pinchers. . the. bedding , fresh and dry. Pens should be cleaned out often and kept Tree Irom filth. Disinfectants -- and land plaster should be used in the pena daily. At birth the sharp teeth of each pig should be carefully nipped off with sharp pinchers but more harm than good may follow If the gums are cut or bruised during the - Treat the cankers by operation. ulcer thoroughly and each scraping rubbing it lightly with a lunar caustic pencil. Afterward swab the affected parts twice dally with a five per cent solution of permanganate of potash. - - "i ' "Breaking by Kindness. A long time before the colt gets through sucking it Bhould be petted one-thlr- d - two-thir- one-thir- d and handled so it wont be a stranger to Its master later, when the time comes to break it to driving. The value of many a promising horse is re-- j the field will certainly justify driv- duced materially because this job of ing the handling 1b put off until tbe colt gets ange Judd Farmer, set In Its ways? and not only becomes Manure and Moisture. ret,- - but has the strength to have Its Manure from the barn lot adds huown jray sometimes. mus to the soil, and humus acts like a sponge, retaining the moisture and Should Try a Separator. - It will not costyou a cent to try making more rainfall or holding it Moral: Save and carefully a cream separator for two weeks or longer. even logger. Any dealer will be glad spread all barnyard manure over the to let you have one on trial, lor once fields. Manure, properly utilized, puts w need they will sell themselves. dollars in the farmers pockets. manure-spreadershywlyJ- - . jeoznzsirc&D m zm 'zm 'CfWt railcivilized countries, lnstanclngtelephone ways, etc.,' and the various luxuries of civilized life. "If, she said, "things are so much better and pleasanter over there, why do your people come here 7 The defeat of tbe Italians greatly increased the prestige of Menellk. He presented "President Carnot with the Order of the Holy Ghost and" also sent him two tame Hons. Afterwards he renewed negotiations with France, which had lapsed In 1891. He also sent a mission to Czar, and In Tebruary, 1897, he concluded a commercial treaty with the French, who In March of the same year dispatched an embassy under -M. Lagarda to hlaTcourC In 1898 a British mission under Sir Rennell Rodd wae received by Meneiik in great state," 20,000 troops being present, and in spite of, the "efforts of Colonel Leontieff at the head of the" Russian mission and Prince Henri dOrleans, who were endeavoring to induce him to thwart British efforts in Soudan, a treaty was concluded between the British government . and Menellk. A curious circumstance connected with the Brit-1sembassy. WaaThat The- - verage height of of the mission was over six feet, which fact, appears to have greatly- Impressed the The chief points of the treaty, which was ratified by Queen Victoria In July, were a settlement of the British , Somali Protectorate frontier,' the' keeping open of the trade route from Zeylah to Harrar, and" the" prevention of transit through Abyssinia of arms for the In a letter to Queen Victoria' Menellk said, "A treaty ot peace now exist between our governments, and we hope It will Increase In firmness and last forever. In April, 1898, Lieutenant of the - Bombay staff eorpe now SirHarrington "John "Lane Harrington, K. CL M. G. who had been acting as on the Somali' coast, was British sent as British agent To Meneliks court,' where he remained up to 1909. His firmness and the able management of such questions as arose from time to time between the British and Abyssinian governments gained him the Confidence of Menellk and gave him considerable Influence In the country. In .October,. 1898, , Ras Mangascla, governor of Tigre, rebelled and a large force was sent against him, but eventually negotiations were opened up and they settled matters amicably. Since that period Meneiik continued consolidating his power, and his great force of character made itself felt to s.uch an extent that peace has reigned throughout Tall his dominions from one end of the country to the other; the mandates of Menejik have been received with profound respect and Implicitly obeyed. One nation after another has diepatched a representative to Abyssinia, and Meneiik. was until his recent Illness In touch with the 811 whole civilized world. ura"eor . A In 'November, 1909, Meneiik was strut with and its inhabitants to the customs and f cerebral paralysis and was- - stated to be at the cruder methods of the old regime. According point of death. A proclamation in his name was read to the chiefs preaching fteace and unity trrreporfit was she whalstiffened the backbone of Meneiik durfng the varying fortunes of tbe and obedience to the successor he had selected, battle of Adowa. and it was 141 Yasu. Ras Tesamma was td continue to be advice that induced him to hold on until the ammunition of the the guardian of his heir, and his majesty called Italian column was exhausted and so enabled down the curse of the Almighty on anyone who bim to surround and decimate the force opposing might attempt to oppose his successor. After him. A clever retort is ascribed to Queen Taitou he-- recovered his bodily health but was too his -twhen a- - foreign representative was impressing feeble mentally to attend to, his work. He sufupon her the advantages of foreign and more fered another relanse la the summer of 1909. but th. ---- ... - . 1l als te-offlcl- - . Abys-slnians- -- - Mah-dist- s. vice-cons- ul -' fnigement fn, hr -- f him of all speech and almost of motion, entirely Incapacitated him from all work. Since then, occanotably in 1910, he has on more than one ruthese and although sion been reported dead, mors have been at once denied the fact remains been , that for the last two or three years he a mere figurehead, the government of the counmintry having been carried out by a council of the L1J of Yasu, isters under the presidency and during this period it Is doubtful whether 'he has been seen by any one but a few select court officials. -Is the eon of Men-;- , L1J Yasu, the liks daughter, Schoagasch, and Ras Michael, and was born In 1897. Voyagers whose ways take them somewhere eat of Suez may know something Isof Djibouti -practically but to the average person Djibouti unknown. Suffice it to say that, although situated in the French Somaliland protectorate, it is practically the only port that serves the coun. try of Abyssinia. From Djibouti a single track (metregauge) some 185 mile In railway runs to - land. The trains run twice a week and the Journey frequently takes 11 hours to accomplish, passing through some of the most desolate desertr - country Imaginable.- - ire-Dawa the has grown up around railway tertninus, and as It is Borne 3,000 feet above the sea level la much cooler than Djibouti. .The, place Is not very large,' but the wide streets and whit- washed buildings give the place an air of space and cleanliness. There Is a large Arab and - Somali - settlement adjoining.- - - Her on come -under Abyssinian officialdom and ones baggage haa to pass The Abyssinian customs, usually not a very trying ordeal. a At travelers to Adis Ababa have to own caravans for the journey. their arrange Both mules and camels are available, but usually .. mules are taken, as they cover the journey In much Quicker time than camels, which are usually only employed for heavy baggage and merchandise. One has choice of three route from a to the capital the Chencher routs, , ' by which one travels' along the moun-.- . tain range through fine forest and amongst bean-- ' liful hills. This route Is rather longer than the others, but Is by far the most comfortable, as it if cooler, and one may purchase fresh provisions milk, eggs, and sheep from the small Abyssinian'' villages that one passes . en route. Camels are unable to take this track. owing to the many steep ascents and deecsntz, which can only be managed by mule or donkey. Tbe second trail is via the A sabot, passing along the foot of the Cher-che- r range and joining the 'former route near the Hawash river. This route passes through the flat DanakU country, through great forests of mimosa trees and occasional open plains, where one meets from time to time enormous herds of cattle and camels guarded by fl ere Danakll. shepherds armed with' spears and curved knives. No can be purchased oh this route, but It is fairly good going except during the very dry season before the rains begin, when water is apt to be scarce. The third route, the Bilan, runs farther north In th Danakll country, and though flat is very trying on account of the great heat and long marches that have to be made from watering plate to watering place. From Tchoba It Is two days journey-t- o at the foot of tbe Balchi pass. Here the track rises nearly 900 feet, a sheer ascent, and the steepest climb on the journey. The is simply cut along the mountain side, andpath at times one is about six inches from a drop of 200 feet. From Balchi the road is very uninteresting, parsing through long rolling plains of cultivated land, and about two days brings on In sight of heir-apparen- e d November, heir-apparen- t, -- one-thir- In a paralytic stroke which, depriving hs U re recovery. - t. Dire-Daw- a, - Dire-Daw- Dire-Daw- Cher-cher- pine-toppe- d pro-vlBio- , Gon-dabour- the capital 7 ew A large the city as one approaches Is very circle of hills surrounds It. and on a small elevation running out Into the center of the' circle is built the "guebi. or enfperors palace. There are hardly any buildings of Importance, and the guebl itself la but a miscellaneous collection of and native hulldlna. fine. |