Show n NW W V NW HORTICULTURAL TI L T l BOARD State Board Hoard of Horticulture Issues New cy Pamphlet to Utah Fruit Growers till HII State stale of sit Horticulture has hns ins lust just Issued for Cur or fret far dis distribution at one the tho fult TIm grower growers of sit It the he state bulletin No 9 0 till the horticultural tural law lute of ut for Cor or nail n for O the tho of orchard lists of ot best fruits fur for Utah planting and 1 what Is to 11 of ot Immediate Inter I cat ost to 10 most fruit rowers growers In III Utah a n treatise on III the cause and pre prevention III of ot peer pear blight This hie disease has lias caused untold loss lose In III ton i sections of or the tho Mate flint In whole plantation of or trees tre 8 having baying been destroyed by It This Thill Is IH a n 1 highly that tho of ot must light fight or at go 10 out oat of or Now In III tho the time spring growth begins to 10 todo do tin tho the best hest work In III bringing this lid under tinder control and It Is 18 the full Cull text tl 1 of sit the chop chap ter tel on the Iho tine 1 und nut TION OF II There Is IN probably no of ot fruit treat treon so n as AI pent td or lire blight II 11 Ih I its It Is le vory sury 01 aptly called II which pear genre tipples quinces and i trolls It IthaN has haN such a n hold In hi K iliou of or till 1010 nH as to In lII IIII the Ihl tear growing Industry Whole hilio orchard many tunny of nt large extent town hero been en Ill entirely de destroyed trot d 1 by II this dis dU disease dUease ease 1 and miles II prompt united trolled II II and are aro taken tulum to III erad Mul this contagion It will t I I I entail iii all un 1111 untold told loll loss inns blight III In to In time the Ih tree tr what smallpox or 01 cholera In ls to tho Iho human sp cl H be being I MIC fully full as tie con COli and coa l helco tho tiro toed of ot JV careful and measures to 10 extirpate this from front the tho or orchards I of ot HIP the I The rho U IH made moro net Inns by Iy h the tho of ot h Ihl u M name mire o In apricot three treon In III City whore Ile loudly were moro more In In Il than In Inthe tin till pour IlIr or quince trees tree the tho tree Hue HUO very tr titter lifter tho the of Ot the M tit 1 Ii 11 director ii Iv of Ot vegetable lolog and v I l S N of oC O Iture tI II 10 U D t linn has Inside I III II I a It thorough of oC pane peu Ill I lit Its Ihl It and Fur Iut the lIll benefit of ut thu Utah fruit Kronen VIII ho ow l orchards ort hards sire threatened d sleet the Ihl fol loving lIe of uC the tho blight and hll d of or UK ltd ii art ru from rom rant u n lengthy paper by Prot Irot Valt 11 lip Tear fear blight U le u II highly high ti lone of or the pear find and mined fruit tree beet It aril nud rapidly kills the Ihl hlo FOrn young fIll II II dull ami new II twig and down dawn In thu tho liv living II ing III hark burk to lu the Ihl and thence to la till the tr trunk While the them i rarely kill ku i the Ilse leaves leuVen 1111 nil ell Iho tho foliage fol III on Ow the th 11 must of lit o eventually duo die III It Ill the I hI toll foll II K to In turn to 10 u n uniform very lr dark brown till the chungo pion i oine tinier III In two Iwo or three tin layn The leaven CU not toll fall from frosts the llie hilt but remain remit In the tilt giving the Iho the thu of ur hiving Neon been neon lied by hy tire fin Tho Iho lend denil leaven lenvee niu 1115 so NO Oil ii out Otis a de to nak the Ihl blight ashy tic de der In III the autumn in id winter It Iti Itle le II i 1181 cany to III the IhA owing to lu their reten retention tints tion of ot the leave The Tito bark of ot eteIne lom bet become omen and brown or 01 nearly black Tim flip of oC tho the tree tec killed by h the blight are ure the Inner bark barkand and cambium lit lajer III hII fr r nf tt the tho I hl limbs ii nil trunk All purl of oC tin till tree Ire trl below tho Iho point reached by h the are healthy no more Injury reuniting to 10 the Ihl unaffected rell purU of or the tree Ir l than limn If It the blighted 1111 I parts load had been killed died by h tire fire or girdling RI Id II tI J aught varlen In III anti In III the tiro inn In which It 1 it Iho tho her It 1 only the tho or only the Iho young tips of ot the gronIng pome Willi dares It Il rune run on nn the brunches and trunk and It ox 1 tends down only a n few from trout tine the point of nt Tim fhe milden sudden of ot Ihl foliage on tin branches Inui tats ltd led many Inan to 10 belleve b ll ve that the mote thou thun It fenny tiros dOell du H It rarely Nt further thou than Nw y v n nI NW I to two or three Indies Inches from Crom the point palm of ot attack In III one tiny I hit but occasionally readies h 8 nil aH much as nil one OliO foot Cool footIt footIt It IK is an un matter to 10 determine whet IRMI the ha has upended expended 1 Itself on ua any In limb or tree When It II Is stilt Mill pro I the discolored por portion ls r lion tion blends off ore lute Into the thu nor MI mud but hut when It Il IMS thero there II In a II line lino lIe of f demarcation belts between ecu the thC lh lIle and healthy portions There hero U III no known nastily the lute only method of oC checking tb the malady bolus boing to In cut 1111 out oUI affected II Ill parts anti and remove carefully front from the orchard anti and burn them pe H e fast rast an as O they appear In III the thi application best of ot tho Ike out nut nits s the tho only on one OliO yet II t discovered there Ih rc are three slim points Pointe to tn be 11 con COI eldered tho the thoroughness mid ft iii with whirls which tile the work Is Isi i n cried out tho the time when hen hell the tho rutting cullin should hoult be bl dune done tool n II i edge Ige of ot the Ihl d I sen so no co as ns to know leno how to rill cut MM LIFT or OP Till THI IllI but fret appears In sprint spring on an lira tho blossoms About the time lime the tho tree Ito IH hi going out nut of oC curtain I H s turn Murk Muck and dry up 1111 IN its It If I by h frost front This of ot iliac hlo colon or vr blight tic nl It Is la called U le ono tinn of ot the mon moAt Redone of sit pent l blight One Inc of ot the most moat remark remarkable able about hit Is IH Is the with wills It II spreads through an orchard at lime This per pe III Ii has hilI much light mi on Iho the stray ln the I hi microbes travel I I about they Ih do notwithstanding not the tact fact th Ih thit t they sire are surrounded and held together and to In o the Iho tree 1110 by I sticky nod and gummy They Th urn are able ahlo to In live Ilya and multiply In III till Ilse nectar of or the blossom hlo from rein whence they thoy era car cal carried ried away by h been and nul other burette which visit the Ihl In III great num mas mashers numbers hers bers for tor the Iho honey and If It a tt 1 taw few early arl me OIl Infected the Hie Insects will null scatter the from lower dosser to tn Mower lower and mid from tree to 10 tree until with It incomes nn nil epidemic In III thin the orchard Front From the tin the nay ox tend least downward Into the Ike or orrun orrun orrun run In III tram from Intern fruit spurn no so n nil ne to tn todo toda do da a n 1 large o amount of sit 1 by hy gird line the Another stay III In ht which ht entrance U Is I brought the tips tills of oC growing lA shoots In the Ihl nursery nur pry trees nit not 1111 1111 tills this Is 11 the tho mode made of or This Ills Is often culled called twit twig but hilt It IH III the disease rt In until her form Corm The part of ot turn the do damage inge from occurs the month or two Iwo fol rol folO followIng lowIng O time hilt but twig many be lie prevalent lit sit any thus the Hummer when whets Growth NW W v V W W Is coming out In certain cases enseR the blight koepe 1 Il up a n sort dart of oC slow battle with the th tiff through the tho hummer r ao so that at lit the close clone of lit the tho season beaHon n the tree true goes gooM Into Iola a 11 dormant condition active blight Is IH still nt at work In It and continues through tho thin Tho germs Kerms k keep kuel ep nth the of ot the tho blighted siren aien null nud al sil although though their U is scry er slow slots Hlo It Is III It ha has been fund found t und that this in stands the Ibo cold well It may ho he frozen or Ot placed In a I zero tern tem and not suffer Burrer I When root loot pressure begins In early sprint spring the trees lire are gorged with sap pap Under these conditions the tho which have havo lived over lIer winter i start anew nail lUll extend Into new Ill bark i Th The warm and moist weather which brings out the blossoms Is par particularly favorable to tn th the development of or the At this Ihl time limo It spreads rapidly and the I he guns gum Is II exuded ly I from so points hot aIs In Iho tho hark bark and runs down tho tree trel lees Dees wasps tend and tIel Ines are 1111 attracted to 10 tills this Rum guru and car CUI carry CUIr ry r the microbes t to the Iho blossoms From Krom first lowers It lt Is carried to oth others ers are and so Ho on m till the tho blossoms are till nil killed or until tho to a close clOHe of ot tho the blossom blo Ing period After tho the blooming period Insects accidentally carry tho the blight to io tho Ithe young tips and so lO arts are Instrumental In III causing twig blight also Tho Tura key k to the Iho whole situation Is U found COli 1111 In III those nurse rises rases of ot blight comparatively few to Which hold hoM over If It by II n I careful and thorough over oer of ot the limo orchard before tho the Une appear or growth I every blight s on Oil twig t or branch can an be ho found mid and destroyed the tho pear blight question will bo ho Halved for tor the thi reason OIl that without tho the microbes there thero can call be no blight no matter how hots favor favorable able Ibl the conditions may tiny ho bo for It to use usen a n 1 common 0 there will be he nona mono left for tor seed feed OF m TIm THI Ite It 0 m mw Vo w now noli come to the tho only really sat l of ot controlling is II H 1 tho the 1111 ml entices causti It by hy cutting out and burning every Ivery particle of ot blight when th the tre trees H are arc dormant Not Yot u It 1 of or active blight should ho bo allowed to II survive the tho winter whiter In the tho orchard mchard or within u n halt half lithe br or so from ruin It II lvery 1 very veo tree tire of the Iho porno haute funny family In III Including the apple tipple quince HI NI rub mil tipple wild wi t crisis crab apple tho Iho mountain ash lIh berry herry and nil all the lino specie of ot 1 or of haw t hoi us ho lit examined for tor this thiH the tho blight tho name Hama In III u nil The Tho should not lIot stop slop chort of ot destruction of sit every ever ease for tor a n tow few overlooked nay may go jO a n along lung long Ilm way WIlY toward undoing nil nit his bis work urle It would be ho well to 10 look the Iho trees several tenses during the tho winter to bo ho certain that time the blight Is le completely ex cx exterminated terminated In to do tho the Inspect lug thoroughly It h Is I to go lions tree tret to tu tree down the row or In III Inca ca rase of ot trees to walk up ono side RIlo of ot the tho row tOW and down the th other its 1111 In III simply walking through tho tIto orchard It IH Is Impossible to 10 bo ho certain that every 1510 of ot blight him hams been Drell rill cut out Cutting out tho 1113 blight nay may bo ho dons dono nt It t uny time In the venter or 01 spring up l to the period growths begins Tho host time however I Is 18 undoubtedly timid In the thc full fall when tho ho CollIu ID is still on all tha Iho 1 trees and tho Iho contrast between that on tho blighted and that on the healthy limbs IH is nt so grunt great that It In III nn on cany easy matter hint to tu and nil all the blight U It In Is Im Ini Important to 10 cut cult out oUI blight whenever It Il in Is 8 found oven In lit tho time growing season seasonAl II Al At that flab tin of ot year however It II can cannot not bo ho hoped to 10 inako much headway against lure tho disease an nH now 1101 closes rases eon con occur which are aio not lIot sufficiently developed to 10 bo seen when tho the cutting Is l II dune done In III orchards there tiro only on a It 1 tots few trees treos and tIto owner lists has to go 1111 OWl over them dolly dally ho he will be bo ablo to save ave scone come which would otherwise ho bo lost r when time tho trees stop slop forming now new w wood nul tho the cam should begin In earnest earnestA A direful careful Inspection of till nil trues bo ho made two or ur three hI and a times during the Ilia dimmer lookout kept for Cor elm tho ru 1 k WO r r I H of ot the Ihl blight It in i An 1 c the thi Ills I rf three years for tor It g l to develop f f 1 ot f b hilt but I tj till early lall r uil to IJ first cases will l I ln pi Y I 11 tf r rIt laler n 1 great deal of ot tuba t trees mid t to t tIn n nu i I to In i mittry It II Is in only M th lh bliGht In on l u rr Jw tM n ct II of ot t n h cut nutria Ins till l Il II Y i 1 when Ih Itt II Uti l III In Itula 10 1 r f lit f tI n I Ir by h tho I solution of oC arid w f fo d I till 10 II ul sil silI hull Kuhl U Ih the o lo or of I 10 I upon 1011 I application tl lake Cite l II 11 IL Parry fIa i |