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Show of these taxes, for they receive a perof all the centage, usually revenues of the colony, in addition to money which the law dues not allow but custom never questions. one-fift- Itc Natives Had Good Cause to Revolt Victims oi the Rapacity of Their Spanish Masters They Had Been Harried by Corrupt Officials and Clergy. h, Mxiionry Spread. Sorlaliim. Masonic lodges were introduced into the arthipe'ago by socialists driven to Manila after the insurrection of Cartagena. It is true that these people closed their lodges as soon as the creshove ed their inoles and half-breetention of jedning them, but the mischief was done with the lesson. The natives began to establish societies ir. all parts of the islands, and in a few years had enrolled SO.OdO members. The mysterious and symbolic attracts the imaginations of these people, and the cpiortunity of seeret meeting and discussion of grievances without fear of letrayal was seized upon enthusiastically. It is the custom for a new member to make a gash in his arm, and over the blood he mixes with that of ds The primary caue of the rebellion which has existed in the Philippines since July, 1S00, was the corruption and insitiable greed of Spanish officials, lee ling them to extremes of tax- ation and persecution in order to enrich tlumseixes. The first cry of the revolutionists was Down with the taxes," which soon was changed to Down with the cleigy and finally to tax s, which soon was changed to Down wnh the Spanish. The government and ecclesiastical authorities were joined in an unholy alliance to wring profit from the misery of the natives. The richer class is made up of foreigners, Germans, Chinese, Englishmen, and a few Americans, who, exacting a greater tribute from the native agriculturists, pay a less to the goxer-no- r and the host of greedy alcaldes and minor officials. Briefly, these were the causes which led to insurrection In Cuba as wrell as the Philippines, and which In the end will rob Spain of the tw'o last gems of her colonial crown. Wherever there was disaffection it and was encouraged by republicans Spanish Carlists, hoping In the end to eerve themselves by weakening the kingdom. In the Philippines there is added to official corruption the shocking immorality of the European clergy, belonging to all known monastic orders, who encourage abuses of governmental authorities that they may gain immunity from an interference in their nefarious business. Year by year the taxes have been increased and have assumed proportions out of all reasonable relation to the yield of rice fields and sugar plantations. The people protested feebly against new Impositions, but as opposition to the government Increased the rigor of the rule grew, and hundreds of men and women were deported without trial to the penal colonies of the Caroline and Marianne ing them the right to seize upon whatever they may. There are many and celebrated instances of this condition of things, including General Wejler, General Blanco, and General Riviera. Still more extraordinary than the apathy of Spain to this legalizing of corruption is the fact that the colonies regard with terror every change of ministry, knowing that it means a change of governor general and another swooping down of birds of prey, whose ravenous appetites must be assuaged. The hatred of colonists for the mother country is made greater because all minor offices in the islands, even to the clerkships, are given to favorites of the new ministers, and natives are never allowed to share in the feast. Moreover, the lands of the religious orders steadily Increase. The priests and monks possess enormous plantations from which they derive The people are immense revenues. made to pay dearly for sacraments, and the fees exacted are much greater than in any parish of Europe. The clergy live in luxury, giving themselves up in their isolation not only to every manner of secular Indulgence but to the In which most atrocious excesses, in them drive would disgrace Spain from the church. While these functionaries enjoy freedom from taxation, any native, man and woman, without reference to property Income or station, is compelled to An Indian woman pay a fixed tax. without employment and not owning any furniture must pay 10 pesetas. A man must ray 45 pesetas. Defaulting in this payment, he is forced to work for fifteen day3 on the roads. Every Individual whose trade does not exceed the sale of a few betel nuts, a basket of mangoes, or a hunch of bananas, must pay an additional tax, as must also the natives who go from the coun the initiator he swears his allegiance. Each member, therefore, bears a soar on his arm, and this mark makes him a suspect of Spanish authorities. It has happened many times that a prisoner has been convicted and shot on no other evidence than this telltale mark. Many women associated themselves in those orders. Sedition has thus been fostered, free from civil, religious and military authorities, and a regime of liberty roughly formulated. The lodges are most numerous in Cavite, 'the principal theater of the rebellion, while in Batangas, Bulacan, and Pampanga there are ten to twenty branches of the order, and at least one in each of the other provinces. Their growing Influence and implacable hatred of the clergy was a source of grave apprehension to the priests, who petitioned the minister to order General Ramon Blanco, then governor general of the archipelago, now of Cuba, to put an But General end to Freemasonry. Blanco was not energetic in carrying out this command, being too much occupied In a contest against Mohammedanism In Mindanao. The government, again appealed to by the priests, and peculiarly susceptible to this Influence, peremptorily ordered Blanco to take the rigorous measure of deporting 400 members of the lodges. This order was the direct cause of the uprising in 1896, which began in Manila, and extended to Cavite, Pampanga, Laguna and Bulacan, but not to other provinces, because of the ancient rivalry of the races, the surest safeguard of Spanish rule. This is a factor In the politics of the Islands that the government fully appreciates, to the point, indeed, of encouraging the Before the confactional enmities. quest by Magellan the islands were ruled by warring Sultans, and there still remain vestiges of numerous tribes. Because of his inactivity and apparent indulgence to the rebels Blanco was denounced in Madrid by religious bodies. What exasperated the priests most was that he refused to kill Rizal, who was by them proclaimed to be the principal factor In the rebellion. As a matter of fact, however, this does not appear to be true, and no just cause was given for such summary action. The clergy sought revenge upon Rizal above everything else for his denunciation of them to the people. Klzals Tragic Career. d Rizal was a Indian, who was brought up by the Dominicans of Manila. He went to Europe, studied medicine, law, sciences and foreign tongues, and returned to Manila honored with the highest degree of continental universities, a Freemason, and the inexorable foe of the corrupt clergy. He was the author of a novel called Nolle Me Tangere, in which he showed the despotic, rapacious and debauched nature of the priests of the country. This book was placed in the Index Expurgatorius and the authors goods confiscated, his brothers deported, his aged mother banished, and himself relegated to the Island of Mindanao, entirely peopled by Mohammedans, mortal enemies of Spain. Rizal lived In this exile for several years, until he learned that physicians and surgeons were needed with the troops fighting in Cuba. He offered his services to Spain, which accepted them, and he embarked at Manila for Barcelona. When he arrived at the peninsula and was ready to leave for Havana he was arrested, sent hack to Manila, summarily tried, and executed. This was the work of Governor Polavieja, who had succeeded Blanco. While Rizal was on his journey to Spain rebellion had broken out, and the anger of the authorities against him was aroused by new charges of perfidy made by the priests, to whom Polavieja was devoted. The execution of Rizal made the rebellion more furious, and the Insurgents sought as much to avenge his death as their wrongs. Rizal to them was the martyred hero of their cause. The first victims of the rebels were the priests. Their monasteries were burned, and the hatred for the monks sought extremes of cruelty In its expression. Not only the uneducated and superstitious elements of the population took part In the rebellion, but the most prominent native families. Many young men are sent each year to Madrid and pure-bloode- MAP OF THE CENTRAL FIITLIPFINE ISLANDS. (The population In 1S96 was 9,500,000, or twice as large as the Dominion of Canada. The natural rtsomces are far richer than England's possessions to the north Islands. Within recent years a means for secret meeting has been given by the Introduction of Masonic lodges, which have Increased rapidly In number and In membership. The clergy brought to bear all of its immense influence with authorities both at Madril and Manila for the suppression of these organizations, and so severe was the persecution of the Free Masons and so great became the abuse of the arbitrary power of alcaldes to imprison and deport suspects that the Spanish government issued a decree declaring that every individual whose culpability was hours' imnot proved after forty-eigbe his should liberty. given prisonment Places for Nuisance. It has long been a notorious fact In Spain that generals whose influence among the people is becoming too great for the entire comfort of the regency or who are disaffected through the constant shifting of politics are sent to Cuba or to the Philippines to make or remake their fortunes. If they return to Spain with riches cut of all proportion to the emoluments of their office nobody commits the Indiscretion of asking the source. Their commissions are recognized as letters of marque giv ht of us) try Into Manila to sell nothing more than a chicken or a fish. At one time In every village there were several weavers whose cotton cloths, much prized by the natives, had a ready and remunerative sale. This local industry has disappeared owing to a royal decree favorable to the manufacturers of Catalonia, which permitted their goods to enter without duty. These manufacturers sent goods of an Inferior quality and extraordinary cheapness and drove the native workmen out of competition. This was the only industry known In the Philippines, and there remained only the cultivation of the fields. But the native, if owner of a rice plantation or a field of sugarcane, almost always sells his crops standing In the field or plantation at a price which barely pays for the cost of raising to the d Chinese, who in turn sell them to the German, English or American traders at an enormous profit. Not satisfied with the tributes of the rich Chinese and foreign houses, the governors Impose taxes upon the poor native landholders which take from them everything they may gain from their crops. The governors are energetic in the collection half-bree- other peninsular cities to be educated, and return to their homes with knowledge of the freedom of speech and unrestricted liberty of the press in Spain and imbued with republican or anarchist ideas, which encourage them to attempt the free expression of their opinions. The result is persecution. Furthermore, a native, no matter how prominent, i3 never given a salaried official position, all cf which are monopolized by the retainers of different ministries. To all of the wrongs described are to be added the notorious corruption of the judiciary and the brutality of the police. The people yielded submissively to accumulating injustice for many years. Tolerance is one of the chlf characteristics of the Indian, nathes of the who greatly resemble Philippines, their near neighbors, the Japanese. Their uprising two years ago wa3 almost incomprehensible to witnesses of the respect of established authority, submission, and gentleness of habit through years of misrule. Blanco was deposed by the enmity of the monks, who thought him too tolerant and without the cruel energy they demanded. Polavieja, his successor, was taken with fever and returned to Madrid. After him came General Primo de Rivera, and new General Augustin Devil, o is pent up in Manila by Admiral Deweys fleet. Ba-sil- io ENGLAND AND AMERICA. Our Friend Across the Border on the War with Spain. The great war now impending has almost as great an interest for Can- adians as though they were participants In and not mere spectators of the struggle, says the Montreal Star. There has been considerable friction between our neighbors and ourselves, no doubt on account of the very intimacy and freedom of our relations. Brothers are perhaps more apt to quarrel than strangers, but there is seldom any bitterness in their quarrels, and there is no nation under heaven that we Britons would like to see whip the United States, unless now and then under great provocation we feel as though we w'ould not mind doing it In times of peace and ourselves. prosperity there may be rivalries between us; there may be occasional international threatening and gibing, because we both have our share of fools, but In times of national trial or misfortune the dominant feeling among Britons is that the two nations are one people. Their blood, their traditions, their history in great part, their characteristic virtue and their characteristic faults, to a large extent, are all ours. Apart from the merits of the quarrel between the United States and Spain it is impossible that men of British blood could ever wish to see the people of the United States fall Into the hands of Spain. American diplomacy is rough, and it is possible that the awful calamity of war might have been averted by diplomacy of another order, but the end in view, the termination of the reign of horror in Cuba, compels our sympathies. Spains methods of colonial government are not our methods. Spains way of fighting is not our way and all our sympathies will go with the brave soldiers and sailors of a free people fighting for the cause of humanity and struggling to extend the bounds of freeThere is one more bond of dom. union between Great Britain and the United States in connection with this war. England is more than a geographical expression; to the rest of the world it is synonymous with a type of civilization that the aliens do not love; a type characterized by civil and religious liberty; ty enlightenThis ment, progress and prosperity. Greater England includes two great nations of common origin and common aspirations, though of diverse allegiance. The best British subject Is the man whose ideas are broad enough and sympathies wide enough to emWith brace this Greater England. these two nations united (we do not mean politically), the English type of civilization must prevail. Naught shall make us rue, If England to itself do rest but true. With the union jack and the stars and stripes blended, Come the three corners of the world In arms. And we shall shock them. Whether Englands part in the coming struggle will be a passive one remains to be seen, but at least her sympathy will keep the rest of Europe in check. Lctor. The War and From the Feceianoa.st: 'ihe atti tude of labor unions in the impending struggle between cur country and Spain will farcich food for thought on the part cf tho.e superior Lcings who heretofore have had tut little sympathy with the aims and purposes of labor organizations. War among workingmen is not recognized as the beat method of promoting general welfare, but experience has demonstrated that tyranny and oppression ns applied to governments have seldom been overthrown without an appeal to the gauge of battle. In this instance the bond of sympathy between the citizens of the United States and the struggling inhabitants of Cuba has nowhere found more ranks. active promotion than Trades unions flourish only in countries where liberty is recognized as a natural right. Instead of being inimical to the growth and development of free government, labor organizations keep alive a spirit of manhood and in-- i dependence in their members, and the cause of humanity, not the greed of aggression finds in the workingmens ranks its beet defenders, because they have felt the force of oppression. Spain, with her blind and barbaric system of government, crushes labor at home and robs it abroad. In her arrogance she has for more than a generation committed outrages upon the citizens of the United States, finally murdering the crew of the Maine in the most cowardly and brutal manner. The army of this nation will be recruited from the ranks of toll, always loyal to the cause represented by the flag of freedom. Happily the working people will be In position to deliver a blow at the common enemy of humanity and at the same time demonstrate pathat unionism meaas triotic citizenship. Or-anl- zed irbors high-minde- d, Martyrdom At the age of seventeen Miss Willard records m her diary this tragic announcement of the end of tier romping girlhood: This is my birthday, and the date of my martyrdom. Mother insists that at last I must have my hair done up She says she can hardly forgive herself for letting me bin wild so long. Weve had a great time over It all, and here I sit like another Samson shorn cf his strength. That figure wont do, though, for the greatest trouble with me is that I never shall be shorn again. My back hair is twisted up like a corkscrew; I carry eighteen hairpins; my head aches miserably; my feet are entangled in the skirt of my hateful new gown. I can never jump over a fence again, so long as I live. As for chasing the sheep down in the shady pasture, it is out of the question, and to climb to my eagle-nek seat In the big would ruin this new frock beyond repair. Altogether, I recognize the fact that my occupations gone. A horse will live twenty-fiv- e days witl.-u- t food, merely drinking water. HOW RELIEF CAME. woman-fashio- n. st bur-oa- From Cole County Democrats ettersonOity.Mo. Wnen la grippe visited this section about even years ago Herman H. Eveler, of 811 W. Main Bt., Jefferson Mo., was one of the victims, and bas since been troubled with of the disease. He is a the after-effeccontractor and builder, a business requiring much mental and physical work. A. year ago his health began to fail and he was obliged to discontinue work. That he lives today is almost a miracle. He says: I was troubled with shortness of breath, the heart and a general depalpitation ofback also pained me severely. bility. My "I tried one doctor after another and numerous remedies suggested by my friends, but without apparent benefit, and began to give up hope. Then I 6a w Dr. Wits well-know- n lliams Pink Pillls for Pale People extolled in a Bt. Louis paper, and after investigation decided to give them a trial. "After using the first box 1 A Contractor's Dlfflculttj. fielt wonderf ul- - )y reiieVed and was satisfied that the pills were putting me on the road to recovery. I bought two more boxes and continued taking them. After taking four boxes of Dr . W iUiams Pink Pills for Palo People I am restored to man, and food health.willI feel like a new the and energy of my former days returned, I am capable of transacting my business with increased ambition. "Dr. Williams Pink Pills for Pale People are a wonderful medicine and anyone that is afflicted with shortness of breath, palpitation of the heart, nervous prostration and general debility will find that these pills are the specific. Herman H. Etslsb. Subscribed and sworn to before me a Notary Public, this 24th day of May, Adam Poutszoug, Notary 1v.bUc. Mr. Eveler will gladly answer an inquiry regarding this if stamp is enclosed. Dr. Williams Pink Pills cure people troubled with the after-effecof the grippe because they act directly on the impure blood. They are also a specific for chronic erysipelas, catarrh, rheumatism and all diseases due to impure or impoverished ts Dense Population In Bombay. The greatest density of population in the world is claimed for Bombay, and Is only disputed by Agra. The population of Bombay amounts to 760 persons per acre in certain areas, and in these sections the street area only of the whole. occupies blood. The Peruvian condor's wings are sometimes forty feet from tip to tip. The largest block of marble ever sent out of East Tennessee was shipped by way of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad to New England daring the first Her Spirit Aroused. week in March. It was consigned to Why have you Norcross Bros., at East Cambridge, Chicago News; broken off with Will Kempton? "He Maes., and it weighed 45,000 pounds. accused me of having a weakness for It was quarried near Knoxville. building castles In Spain, and here Every man wno is me latuer of a bright Ive sympathized with Cuba right from on is a firm believer in heredity. the first. Golden Russett and Silver Moon are th sading high grade 5 cent cigars. Call for one-four- th them. |