OCR Text |
Show THE RICH COUNTY NEWS, RANDOLPH, UTAH Americans Want a Billion From Germany 000. All ASHINGTON America asked no reparations of Germany as a result of the World war, but American Citizens are demanding damages to the extent of a billion dollars. This Is the extent of American war claims 10,000 of them Involved in the demands of Individuals and the government, covering damages to American property and loss of American lives In the great conflict in which Germany was van' quished. ' , Argument of the case, said to involve more money than any other in the history of the United States, has been begun before the mixed claims commission of the United States and Germany, with Robert C. Morris representing the United States. The billion dollar total has a terrifying sound when Germanys present-da-y claims of inability to meet the huge obligations of the war are con- sidered. of officials of the t It is the opinion alien property custodians office and others connected with the government that the final score against Germany In this case will approximate $150,000,- - the demands, If met dollar for dollar, would total a billion dollars. Settlement of the Issues Involves the . disposition of about $350,000,000 of German owned property now held by the alien property custodian. On one side Is the question whether these d of dollars of prop-fflty shall be confiscated and the proceeds used to pay American claimants, hundreds of them the heirs of sub- marine victims, or held as a guarantee of payment and eventually returned. Authorities here declare that the property held in this country will not be confiscated. There is agreement of minds on all sides that private property cannot be used to pay national debts, and also that claims of the heirs of Lusitania victims and other Americans who suffered at the hands of Germany are national obligations. Besides the personal claims, tha United States veterans bureau has laid claim to the sum involved in the cost of insuring soldiers and sailors. No sum for Lusitania claimants has been announced, but prior to, the establish-- , ment of the commission such claims had been filed with congress for mil-lio- alien-owne- j ' To Curb Powers of the Supreme Court support of the pendently although the executive may curb the powers veto its decision, and the judicial may court, which declare Its decision unconstitutional. heretofore has been confined So, likewise, the executive should be to radicals in congress, Is found in free to sign or refuse to sign a lw Senator Fess (Rep., O.) long Identified without fear of impeachment, and a with the conservative wing Of his judicial body act upon the constituparty. He has declared in favor of tionality without reversal by public legislation requiring concurrence of at clamor., least six justices to render a law unWhile these are constituted differconstitutional. ently and unequally, they as departNotwithstanding general opposition ments are equal. Therefore, when the among Republican conservatives to in- act of one department involving the terference with the authority of the judgment of 531 members of house and Supreme court along the lines pro- senate is adjudged by another departposed by Senator La Follette (Rep., ment composed of nine members, the and Senator Borah (Rep., act should not be set aside as unconWIs.) Idaho), Senator Fess made public a stitutional by a 5 to 4 vote. letter in which he declared that acts It might mean making a law void of congress should not be set aside by so narrow a decision that one man as unconstitutional by a 5 to 4 vote, is umpire. . , because this enabled one man to I would favor making a similar change a decision. change in the national practice, reSenator Fess recalled that he sup- quiring not less than six of the nine ported the provision in the Ohio con- to pronounce a law unconstitutional stitution requiring concurrence of all and void. That makes the Judiciary but one Judge to declare an act of the just as independent as before.! ; Senator Borah has Introduced a bill legislature null and void. I2&&' &ARGZZ FOyST' I supported the provision, Senator requiring the concurrence of seven Fess said, for the following reasons: judges to nullify an act of congress. collected. In order to eliminate errors in the sale of stamps Rural route carriers were also given The three departments, legislative, ex- Senator La Follette proposes a constibecause of their similarity and to assist postal permission to assist state authorities in distributtutional amendment which would enecutive, and judicial, should be permitclerks throughout the service in detecting short-paiing food to starving birds. s ted to function Independently of one able congress by a majority More than $400,000,000 out of $550,000,000 worth In 21 matter an entire new series of stamps, another and should be free to exercise to override the Supreme courts ruling of war savings stamps maturing January 1, 1923, number, has been Issued. Previously the various that function even when It sets aside Just as in the case of a presidential which have' been redeemed thus far have been denominations were almost identical in To this latter proposal Senator handled by the Post Office department. Of this ance with portraits of either George Washington the act of the other. That Is, the legis- veto. lative should be permitted to act inde Fess strongly dissents. amount about $05, 000,000 worth were exchanged or Benjamin Franklin upon them, und with only for new treasury certificates. More than 50,000 a slight variation in color. The new series, recases of redemption requiring special procedure, garded as a masterpiece In the art of engraving, such as claims on account of lost registered cerwere so designed that every one of the stamps had tificates, payment of certificates belonging to deRepublicans In the also would urge a constitutional! upon its face a different portrait or subject, with are going after amendment making it possible for the ceased owners, and so forth, have been adjusted a distinctive contrast In the colors. The only RADICAL to date, During the calendar year $336,232,470 legislation tooth government to reach both tax exempt change in denomination was the abandonment of , and toenail. worth of treasury saving certificates has been so the Representative securities and stock dividends. stamp. A complete list of the revised This program Is regarded by conFrear (Rep., WIs.) has already framed large as to nearly overwhelm the postal service, designs follows : the tentative tax revision program for servative leaders here as giving a causing both postmasters and employees in the 12o. Cleveland, Franklin, la field and the department to work many hours submission to the radical congres- fairly definite line of the form of at-Indian Head, 14c. Washington, 2a d overtime. sional group, the progres- tack to be launched against big busiStatue of Liberty, 15c. ' Lincoln, 3a Tosemlte Valley, 20c. Martha Washington, 4c. sive group, of which Senator La Fol- ness by the radical Republicans. Mr. The' worlds greatest mail terminal two blocks 25c. 5c. Niagara FalU, Roosevelt, lette (Rep., Wls.) is the avowed and Frear, the principal tax spokesman of long, six stories high, and 80 feet wide was v Buffalo, 80c. Garfield, 6a the group, as a member of the ways acknowledged leader. Arlington Amphitheater, GOt opened In Chicugo at the beginning of 1923 to conMcKinley, 7c. Lincoln, $1. Grant, 8c. This program, while subject) to and means committee : which will solidate the mail activities of tills Important transUnited States Capitol, 82 ,, Jefferson, 9c. change when the radicals get together frame revenue legislation, is In a posiportation center of the nation. This new terminal American Hoad, $5. . Monroe, 10c. on legislative tion to be a leader in the fight. next fall for a round-u- p has equipment capable of handling the postal. busl- 11c. HayeB, Pursuant to requests that bills be ness for the present and for years to come. Four procedure in a ' congress which they new vt have these nine been stamps Already and submitted next session to balance the prepared miles of belt conveyor, the longest system ever inby holding sway hope in soon be will use as as the issued and general for revision of the Income tax laws outlined by Representawas of power, stalled, rapidly .carry Incoming mall to distribuold supply of stamps is exhausted at the various several measures have been drawn to tive Frear as follows: tors and deliver sacked mail to spiral chutes leadpost offices of the country. The other 12 designs meet weakness in the 1921 revenue mall to cars. is the It conservatively estimated ing Restoration excess of tax the to be are profits sale series of the expected placed upon law, said Representative Frear today. that 600 per cent increase In efficiency, chiefly a rate with lower but than formerly within the next few months,.' Tentative bills will be ready for of use the for a! through machinery adapted parcel the lower brackets but heavier Evidently a great deal has been done to revive in submission to the progressive group ' post, is effected In Chicago postal operations In the tax the in. brackets. higher the morale of the 340,000 workers1 and to Improve and members of congress regardless new building. The new, specially designed discon-- ! Imposition of a retroactive tax on of party who feel the need of State "personal-contac- t working conditions. definite tribution system constitutes a revolution In the ventlons with an open forum ; a service relations undistributed earnings of corporations. legislation to meet wholesale Investmethods of handling parcel post, and When in full InAn in on Increase faxes existing ments in tax-fre-e organization .with 1,049 chapters from coast to securities and inoperation has a capacity of 100,000 sacks an hour. , coast; free medical examination and vaccination; heritances. stock dividends, that are destroying On the track over which the terminal is built 42 A tax on gifts to prevent evasion the effectiveness of the Income ' rest rooms and cafeterias ; reduction of night cars receive mail at one time. and holiday holi- of estate taxes. work. Saturday Over $20,000,000,000 invested in No steps have been left untaken In extending the Abolition of the secrecy now re- tax-fre-e days" are among the items set forth. securities and stock dividends beneficences of rural mail delivery to the farming been appointed 9.8&1 postmasters quired by law in the case of tax rec- pays no personal Income tax today. have There A the , of 741 total of new country. populations When estimates for government pursince March 4, 1921. Of this number 1,820 were ords and proceedings. rural routes were added during the past two years, Besides these bills amending the poses were made these wholesale tax men, 1,611 were women, and 122 were giving daily mall facilities to 381,000 people. In employees who were promoted from the ranks revenue law Mr. Frear said that he evasions were never anticipated. , addition, by the lengthening and readjusting of without examination, the latter being an lnnova-- ; over 4,000 existing rural routes, some 263,000 intion which enabled the department to reward merhabitants of farms were provided with increased itorious service. There have been 11,069 fourth-clas- s These changes had the direct effect of service. postmasters appointed also,' making a total giving every' modern postal convenience . to more ommendations of the committee Infor ' of 20,960. than 700,000 persons, bringing the number of rural clude the following: during RECOMMENDATIONS routes in full operation to 44,186, . supplying mall Haphazard handling of hotel mall addressed to Greater control of credit expansion are conto approximately 6,425,000 families or traveling public has been supplanted by new systained in a report made pub- by individual banka. tem. Particular living In rural districts. Control of inflation by the federal lic by Secretary of Commerce Hoover. efforts were also made to supply mail to farming Stamps have been ordered sold at registered The report was prepared by a special reserve system. , j windows of post offices to end inconvenience to committee sections lacking in transportation and railroad ad, A more intelligent control by busiPresithe . by appointed ' the public. and motor vehicles, with vantages by horse-draw-n dent's conference on unemployment ness men of the expansion in their the result that the number of star mall routes was Postmasters have been Instructed to participate more than a year ago. own industries. , Increased to 10,715, involving an annual travel agin civic affairs of their respective communities as Members of the committee were by. the government Postponement v Owen D. Young, chairman of the and public utilities of building and gregating 83,208,356 miles. part of their duties. " A successful movement to facilitate the delivery Extra-qualitenvelopes with superior grade of board of the General Electric com- construction work in boom times with, of mails was the campaign for the installation by pany, chairman; Joseph H. Defrees, a view to providing work of this charpaper have been placed on sale to supply public householders of mail receptacles at their front former president United States Cham- acter. during slack periods. demand. doors. Started in the summer of 1922, this cruBox and refrigerator cars were mustered into ber of Commerce; Miss Mary Van Prompt assembling and publication sade was pushed energetically by the Post Office Russell Sage foundation; of statistics by government agencies, service to handle Immense volume of Christmas Kleeck, AmerHundreds of .malls. Matthew Woll, relating to industries of the country department through postmasters. letter carriers also succeeded in inducing the paCost of 2,080,000 pounds of paper purchased In ican Federation of Labor ; Clarence M. with a view to showing the trend of trons on their routes to provide these conveniences 1922 reduced more than 15 per cent. Woolley, president American Radiator thd business cycle. Creation of an unemployment reEstimates compiled and submitted to the public Chief engineer of Post Office department apcompany; Edward E. Hunt, secretary showed unemof the on course serve fund by employers or employees, that the mechanical conference the Presidents campaign the to of and equipment supervise during pointed or both. sum of $5,350,000 would be saved in the time of the ployment, secretary. laborsaving devices. Establishment of a national system The report represents also the work 35,000 carriers formerty wasted in stopping at Finger printing of all postal savings depositors front doors, ringing door bells, and waiting for reof more than 200 employers, labor of unemployment bureaus. has been Introduced as precaution against defraudSecretary Hoover, who was chairsponses from householders. Another advantageous leaders, economic experts, financial ading post office clerks. man of the Presidents conference on feature of particular appeal was the elimination visers and social workers. Early mail campaign has resulted In transferThe committee states that depres- unemployment and at whose instance of tho necessity of patrons going to the door every ring many postal workers from night to day work. time the mall man called. Practically every, home Purchase of paint for conducting tests in 10 dif- sions are due to overexpansloa, loss the study of business eyries Wse made, States is now equipped with ferent cities results in saving time for two or three of efficiency and waste, and extrava-rane- e wrote the foreword to the committee throughout la- - the boom periods. Chief rec a mall box or door slot report days, , ; UNEXPECTED VERYONE Is interested In the work- of the Post Office department Sam as 'mall carrier probably comes closer to the ordinary citizen In everyday life than In, any other capacity. There are 340,000 workers In 0 the department and It handles annually. Moreover, the or- Elngs $3,000,-000,00- dinary public Interest has been stimulated by the recent changes In the position of postmaster general. First was Will H. Hays, an Indiana lawyer, who resigned to become regulator of the moving pictures. Then came Hubert Work of Colorado, a practicing physician of national reputation. Now comes former United States Senator Harry S. New, an Indiana newspaper man. Dr. Work goes to the Interior department as secretary, succeeding Albert B. Fall of New Mexico, resigned. Postmaster General Work, upon leaving the Post Office department, submitted a biennial report. March 4, 1921, to March 4, 1923, to the President. It Is an exceedingly Interesting document, so much so that the senate ordered It printed In the Congressional Record in body type. The purpose of this article is simply to set forth some of the items In this report which are of general public interest. Incidentally, two of the pictures are given as samples of progress. The postal card printing machine Is really up to date and the solution of the problem of the most comfortable carrier for mail matA third ter means a lot to the shows former Postmaster General Frank Hitchcock sending the first package by parcel post December 81,' 1913. It contained a silver loving cup addressed to Postmaster Morgan of New York which Is now in the National museum at Washington. The report bears the title, Regeneration of the American Postal System, and begins with these statements; Ip 1920-2- the postal deficit was in 1921-2- 2 the postal deficit was the postal deficit will be ; in 1922-2- 3 there will be no deficit. ; in 1923-2to reduce the deficits , The methods employed above were fy nearly $20,000,000 In the first period varied and ingenious. Examples are these: ,, Through the purchase of foreign exchange in anticipation of settlements of balances on money-orde- r business, the Post Office department made a profltof $130,000, with only a single loss of $5,000. Through the cancellation of an existing four-yea- r contract and successful negotiation cf a new agreement, an economy of $6,276,000 was effected. Sweeping changes in the method of purchasing supplies have earned approximately $1,500,000 to $2,000,000 during the past two years.' These changes consisted of canceling many contracts at war-tim- e prices and in the elimination of long-tercontracts covering every variety of supplies necessary for the Post Office department. It appears that elimination o$ tortuous" red tape, causing endless waste and delay In administration, was effected through the adoption of a policy of decentralization, the rwult of which has been the establishment of a miniature Post Office department hi each state, known as a central acof them have been counting post office. Fifty-tworganized and are in full operation throughout the country. These central accounting offices conduct the postal affairs of their respective territories, serving their post offices with promptness and dispatch almost incredible in comparison with the old method of handling alf postal business in the de-- . partment at Washington. The new system also changed accounting In post offices, permitting postmasters to finance themselves from their receipts Instead of sending the money to the department and then having It returned to them through vouchers to cover their expenses. Rendition and accounts auditing of half a million money-orde- r was abolished and these activities were transferred to the central accounting offices. Instituted with absolutely no extra cost, decentralization resulted in the release of 740 employees at the department at Washington, thereby saving $1,200,000 annually. A summary of the functions of the central accounting post offices Includes: auditing of quarterly accounts of postmasters; adjusting and claims ; distribution of suppayment of parcel-pos- t plies, including stamps, within 24 hours instead of a week or ten days. By way of contrast It Is discovered In the report that rural route carriers of the postal service made a complete enumeration of the pig and sow production of the United States. This census, conducted after other administrations had refused to with the Department of Agriculture, was conducted in every state of the union, rural route carriers filling and distributing over 500,000 questionnaires to farmers. Tic result was the first accurate statistics upon the number of swine ever letter-carrier- 1 4 o s. d two-third- Radicals Keen After Tax Legislation ' ' self-style- i . . .' ; . , tax-law- - half-holida- -- 4 Plans for . Reduction of Unemployment 29,742,000-indlvidual- . ' y . : the-Unit- . . |