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Show THE RICH COUNTY NEWS, RANDOLPH, UTAH Confederate Veteran and Negro Mammy tD EPRESENTATTVE O. M. 8TED-MA- N of North Carolina was applauded when he got' up to speak the other day in the house. Why? Because he Is the only Confederate veteran left in the house. Time was when the Confederacy played an Important part In congress. Time was when the honse membership was largely composed of men who had faced one another on the battlefields of the Civil war. Well, those days are gone forever. The house first applauded Mr. Sted-ma- n as a Confederate veteran. Then It applauded him as a speaker. And what do you suppose was the subject of his address? You could not guess In a thousand years. His subject was legislation which would admit the erection In Washington of a memorial to the Southern of song and story.' Of Mammy course the North cannot see the negro Mammy" with the eyes of the South. . n Bat the North very well knows that she was beloved of the South; that she was sul generis American; that ahe la a cherished memory. For she, too, la passing or has passed. The Rocky Mountain News la moved, by the incident to aay: Two factors are at work In the restoration, and with a generation that knows not, by participation, the awfulneas of civil warfare It wlU come quicker than was possible under the old order. One is economica, always a potent Influence In such things, as we can see so dearly at this hour in the European situation, where it is bringing strange fellowships, undreamed of a few months back, former enemies joining in new entefctes. The Southern states are becoming Industrialized. They are forgetting to some extent the racial issue for the question of tariff protection for their new enters prises.' The other Is sentiment, a better understanding on the part of the North of the South, and disappearance of prejudices created by wrongful writing and interpretation of history. Representative Stedman was bom in 1841 In North Carolina. Before graduation from college he raised a company and enlisted. He won promotion to the rank of major. He fought In General Leea army all through the war and surrendered at Appomattox. He then entered the law and has also been a railroad president. He has been In the d honse since the congress. Sixty-secon- Row Over Sequestered Alien Property XXTASHINGTON. Prahlems.AcnnrnpIishmentsand Usefulness nfthEll5.War DeparbtiEnf bvj Secretary I have felt It to be one of my duties to bring to the attention of our citizens the varied and important activities of the Army. My efforts In that direction - quite frequently draw the response, "I didnt know that." JOHN W. WEEKS. ECBETARY OP WAR JOHN W.. WEEKS recently delivered a remarkable address before the Boston chumber of commerce and Representative John J. Rogers of Massachusetts secured the printing of It In the Congressional Record, saying, I have asked the leave of the bouse to permit the publication of this address because It seems to me by far the clearest exposition I have ever seen of the problems, accomplishments and usefulness of the. War department of the United States as a peacetime agency. This Is no brief for the army.- - Secretary Weeks address Is reprinted In part; It is too long to be given entire simply because It is an exposition of facts Interesting to all good Americans. The army Is considered by the general public as an instrument exclusively for war. But Secretary Weeks sets forth Its admirable peace records-g-l- n the construction of railroads, roa&s, harbors and great public works ; in disasters by fire, flood and wind; In sanitation and the diagnoses and cure of disease. 'With this record Secretary Weeks can Justly claim that the United States army has been a vanguard and pioneer of civilization, as well as a national defense. And It is interesting to note that work of a purely military nature at the time it was undertaken has later resulted in the benefit of the civilian In peace times. Following are excerpts from Secretary 'Weeks address: It Is difficult for the average American to appreciate that the surgeon general of the army Is not merely the head of g small body of military medical men. He truly represents the entire medical profession In the military field, just1 as the chief of engineers represents the engineering pro- - . fession and as the army itself represents the country. At the same time, the medical profession itself gives generous recognition to the wonder-- . ful pioneering work of army surgeons. Our medical department has established certain basic principles that influence the prevention of disease throughout the world. Many of their achievements have .resulted in the saving of Innumerable lives and have actually made possible the free commercial intercourse between the countries on this continent. The countries to the south of us were once ravaged by yellow fever and malignant malaria. The French enterprise on the Isthmus of Panama was completely blocked by the fact that 75 per cent of the employees from France lost their lives from disease within a few months after landing on the Isthmus. In 1901 g group of medical officers, headed by Maj. Waite Reed, determined definitely that yellow fever was transmitted by the mosquito. Within a very few months after tills discovery Habnnu was cleared of the disease that had ravaged it for 150 years. Our greatest achievement In Panama was the conver-sio- u of this pestiferous district into a healthy region. Since 1900 one can live In Panama with equal assurance of protection against disease ns If living, for example, in Boston. This was the work of the army. When we took over the administration of Porto Rico the entire population was affected by tropical anemia. The army doctoi demonstrated that this disease was a hookworm Infection, and the measures taken accordingly have redeemed these people from a plague that would ' have forever hindered their development. There are many equally striking Illustrations of the work of the American army in Improving the health of this country- - ur dependencies, and, of the entire world. Do you realize, I respond, that watll the mis . -- personnel of 320 officers and 464 enlisted men who constituted the missions and agencies which distributed American relief. The army has likewise hail a pioneering part In the development of the radio.. Although the primary task of the signal corps is the modification of commercial apparatus to suit military purposes, its research and development experts are continually presenting to the scientific world solutions of vexing problems. I proceed to other little known activities, such as those of the chemical warfare service. Does the average citizen know that the deadly mustard gas, as well as several other war gases, Is being employed experimentally with great hopes of Its proving a valuable retardant In the treatment of tuberculosis? One of the greatest' problems of modern sanitation is that of effective and safe' fumigation. It Is necessary to wage continuous war against the rats and other vermin which carry plagues. Only recently, in the fumigation of a ship In San Francisco, several men were killed and many Injured by the fumes of hydrocyanic add. The chemical and have warfare service offered their already given promise of solving this problem. Tear gas was finally selected by them as the best possibility for use In fumigation. The gas mask Is becoming very valuable for use in mining activities. The chemical warfare service has produced . the only substance suitable for protection of miners e gas. Finally against the deadly addition to all of these constructive activities, one must recognize that the work of the chemica! warfare service has led the way to the foundatlor of an American dye industry that should one day be one of pur most valued assets.Do you know that the army started our steel in dustry, guided It through its early development, with the Navy department and, in stimulated it throughout Its expansion to the pres ; ent gigantic proportions? Our Interior department was an outgrowth of the activities of the War de partment ; in fact, the latter once consisted of thret parts which are now the War department proper, the Navy department, and the Interior department. The bureau of public roads grew out of the work of the corps of engineers. The signal corps can be said to have played a major part In develop ment of the telegraph Industries. The develop g service was possible largement of our of hundreds of miles ly. through the of governmental telegrnph lines, operated by the r signal corps. The lighthouse service that plays such an important part In coastwise and terminal-oceatraffic, was built up by the array and turned over to civil agencies only after Its success was assured. In all of these ways the army has proved that if can lead the way as a pioneer, not only through forests and over prairies, but also through the fields of science and industry. It is common knowledge that urn of the greatest developments ahead of us must be that of effective ly utilizing onr great resources in water power. It is necessary to harness this cheap energy, and yet to do' it In such a manner as not to Interfere with our navigable waterways, with the growth of our national forests, and with the public enjoyment of our-- nntionanarks. In the second year of the power commission it has hod to study projects for proposed developments of water power in ex cess of 20,000,000 horsepower, or more than twice the existing power development of this country and more than the combined potential resources of Norway, Sweden, Finland, and the Arctic nnd Baltic drainages of Russia the principal water In two years Its en power region of Europe. gineers have had to study projects for development greater than double" the resources of France and Italy and six times the aggregate of projects for development of resources 'tinder federal control In the preceding twenty years. .The greater part of this work of examination and study has fallen to the War department, and the chief engineer Snd his assistants and the chief counsel of the powei commission are officers of the regular arm . die of the past century the army was the only public organization fully able to encourage and assist our citizens In their development of this great country? Do you know that the great-Lewiand Clark expedition that opened up the Northwest was con. ducted by the army? The army conducted nearly all preliminary In the early days of the country. It constructed the early roads. It built bridges and canals. It alone was able to conduct the early surveys and make thfi maps which are so essential In the opening up of a new region. Army engineers Initiated most of the accurate methods which are now employed In the geodetic, topographic, and hydrographic surveys of our possessions. The army was virtually the pioneer of the pioneers. As our citizens moved west over the prairies and through the forests they traveled routes which were surveyed by army engineers, constructed by the army, and protected by military posts. They .settled on locations which had been surveyed by the army, and their titles were established and valid only because of such surveys. In developing the land the settlers were protected against Indians by troops of the army. Finally, when the time- came to link these outposts to our eastern civilization. It was the army that located and constructed the railroads. Only after the railroads had developed engineers of their own and the country had become safer for travel, did the army relinquish Its tasks and turn elsewhere for Its missions. The troops of the line remained on the frontiers. The engineers of the army began then to develop the great waterways, improving our rivers and harbors, to supervise public parks, and to construct and udminlster our public buildings. ' When the American citizen visits bur national capital the first sight to greet his eye is the stately Washington monument, completed under great difficulties by the army. He next turns to the eap-toof which the wings and dome were built by army engineers. The army likewise built the old post office building, the new municipal building, the government printing officer the war college, the agriculture building, and the beautiful library of congress. .Army engineers supervised construction of the new Lincoln memorial and practically all of the park system in the District of Columbia. The Philippines, Hawaii, Cuba, Porto Rico and PanaiTd all have histories of achievement, history In wh-cthe progressive forces of civilization have struggled against reaction and decadence. That civilized forces are triumphant Is due primarily to s the intelligent administration and constructive of the American army. Building up public utilities, eradicating terilble diseases, educating the children, attending even to the spiritual needs, and creating the institutions of protecting these institutions from aggression In all these has the army left Its seal upon our possessions and protectorates and proven itself once ' more the pioneer of the American pioneers. knows loves Mr. citizen and Hnover Thwaverage for his part In American relief In Europe. Does the average citizen know that, i xcept for the titular head of the organization and a few clerical assistants, the American relief In Europe was the army and Its Individuals? Five colonels of the regular army acted as Mr. Hoovers principal assistants either in Paris Or at the head of more Important missions, such as those which were sent Into Poland and Armenia. There was a military ' ' - 4 n : . valued at about $350,000,000. If the pending bill ia passed aa introduced by Representative Wlnsolw (Rep., Mass.), committee chairman. It would mean the return of property valued at possibly $45,000,000. If the bUl la amended to provide for the return of an property valued at leas than $10,000 and 50 per cent of larger trusts and for the return of all Austrian property, it would mean that approximately $200,000,000 worth would go back to the original owners, leaving about $150,000,000 worth ia the hands of the alien property custodian. The Austrian property 1s veined nt only about $9,000,000. ; It has been estimated that American claims against Germany will aggregate nearly $1,000,000,000. The situation regarding patents has many ramifications. American Brides Without a Country carbon-monoxid- , l, ttfl-ent- : A big row in con- gress is brewing over proposed legislation to return to its owners at once a large part' of the German property sequestered by the United States during the war. A heated controversy has arisen over the question of relinquishing the alien property in advance of the settlement of American war claims against Germany, and the question of applying any part of the seized property to the satisfaction of American claims, even though payment of these clalme by the German government can hardly be expected for many years. The administration bill, drafted by Thomas W. Miller, alien property custodian, with .the approval of President Harding, provides for the return of properties valued at less than $10,000 and for the return of not more than $10,000 worth of larger trusts. It Is provided that none of the patents, such as the dye and chemical patents, shall be returned at this time. Democratic members of the committee, with single exception, are understood to favor the return at all alien property. It la Indicated that the Democrats will make a partisan issue of the matter In the house, advocating the return of all alien property In the immediate future. The property held by the alien property custodian at the present time Is A LIEN women married to American citizens since passage September 23 last of the law providing Independent citizenship for wives are finding themselves temporarily without a country. Their native countries regard them as Americans, while the United States classes them as aliens until they become naturalized one year after application for citizenship. Passport difficulties arising from the operation of the new law, and complications in the application of the quota provisions of the Immigration restric ; tion act, are demonstrating the necessity of amendments or additional legislation to. alleviate the hardships of these women without a country under certain circumstances. So far as American women are concerned there has been no trouble ever passports, an American girl marrying a foreigner having in tbto respect achieved the hitherto impossible feat of eating her cake and having It, too. At the same time she to. In the eyes of every foreign government, a citizen or subject of her husband's country, the passport privileges of which are hers from the date of her marriage. Allen women married to aliens also profit under the law through the right given them to become naturalized In five years on the same terms as men. But the alien wife of an American husband, if the marriage took place after September 23, to a woman without a country for at least one year, the period required for her to apply for and be granted American citizenship. Railway Legislation May Be Delayed "NE prevalent belief here seems te be that on railway legislation there will be little or nothing doing until after the presidential election, with a prospect that the subject may be one of the issues in the national campaign. Many of the experts, In taking a longdistance squint at the next congress, which meets In December, are guessing that it will have difficulty In putting much on the statute books concerning rails. It the new radicals from the West, acting as a center group, manage to put through congress the program of e the progressive bloc under La leadership, It will then confront the White Honse veto power. As many Insiders view it, the next season bldg fair to eee one end of Pennsylvania avenue balanced against th other and neither getting anywhere. Meanwhile, seme of tbe elder statesmen profesk to discern a tendency In tbe West for the farmers to revise some Ideas on the fansportation problem which fonnd expression to some extent at the November polls. Senator Cummins and othere day, for instance, that the understanding to Fol-lett- TETKffiri IT ALONE KA AWIUU gaining ground in the agricull states that high freight rates, w have struck the farmer harder any other group of shippers, are not to high profits to the railroad some of the newly-electe-d .radl contend, but to the great increai the cost of operating the railwaj n the last years. Consolidation of the railroads fifteen or twenty large systems to phaslzed aa perhaps the greatest In putting transportation on a son basis. Under the transportation the interstate commerce eommissli toying out the. lines Into, logical terns.-Hearings in the plan far Western roads wlU start soon. half-doze- i 1 |