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Show I' THE RICH COUNTY NEWS. RANDOLPH. UTAli THE STORY OF OUR STATES t f I - v" By JONATHAN BRACE (() by McClure Newspaper Syndicate. NEBRASKA Who Was the First Killed in Action? name" THE Indian ' the Platte These men were killed in an effort of the Germans to ascertain the Identity of tiie American troops facing their lines. They put down a box barrage completely surrounding men of '!xte nt' ' ifantry Company F of t. and captured a nu uiem, in addition to killing .. suW'-r- named in the War department statement. The following extract from the Inscription on the monument erected at Bathlemont, Lorraine, by the people . I 7 ASHINGTON. Who was the first soldier of the American army killed in action in the World war? When President Harding participated in the ceremonies over the bodies of more than 5,000 American soldiers at Hoboken he placed a wreath on the coffin of Private Joseph W. Guyon, a member of the Thirty-secon- d division, with the statement that he was the first American soldier who perished on enemy territory in the World war. The War department furnishes the available historical data on the subject as follows: The first American soldiers killed in battle (November 3, 1917), were Corp. James B. Gresham (from Evansville, Ind.), Private Thomas F. Enright (from Pittsburgh, Pa.) and Private Merle D. Hay (from GJidden, la.), all of Company F, Sixteenth inVV " First fantry,. division. e of the department of over the graves of the three American soldiers who first lost their, lives in battle was furnished by Maj. Gen. C. P. Summerall : Here, in Lorraine earth, rest the three first American soldiers who were killed in view of the enemy on the 3rd of November, 1917. Corporal James B. Gresham (from Evansville), Private Thomas F. Enright (from Pittsburgh), Private Merle D. Hay (from Glidden), all of F company, Sixteenth Infantry regiment, First Meurthe-et-Mo-sell- division. As worthy sons of their great and noble nation, they have fought for Justice, Liberty and Civilization imperialism, against the German They died on scourge of mankind. the Field of Honor. Lorraine was enemy territory wheD this action took place. Now the Public Is to Have a Lobby that is to the interests of the general public has been formed. It is called the Peoples Legislative Service, and its national council is composed of 70 senators, representatives, judges, editors and others. The organization will attempt to give the general public also designated as the ordinary citizen and the ultimate consumer the same advantages before congress that business, labor, farmers and other groups have. These groups are organized and have lobbies to present their, arguments forcefully before congressional committees. Almost any information needed by them can be obtained instantly from their headquarters. men and women The new group-othat aim to serve the peoples interests claim that they are not starting a lot by. The institution is somewhat like a lobby In that1 it Is a source of information for congress. But unlike a lobby it represents no limited part of tiie population, but the public as a who'e. It is for the benefit of any congressman who wants information on the publics side and it is maintained by subscriptions of members. organization ANEW congress serve AC The national council of the peoples legislative service is made up of men and women in all parts of the country who are interested in the public welfare, as well as in that of some particular group. Thus, there are in the council the president of the Brotherhood of Boilermakers and Iron Ship Builders, the president of the Farmers National council, the general secretary of the National Consumers league, the president of the Alabama State Federation of Labor, the president of the Order of Ballway Telegraphers, and many others representing important groups. These people are not in the council primarily as labor or farm representatives, however, but as members of the public. Ten Norwegian Fellers Bane in Congress Harold Knutson of Minnesota, majority whip of the house, Is serving his third term. He was' born in 1875 (congressional directory doesnt say where). He got his education in the Minnesota schools and has been a newspaper 'editor and publisher. n Representative Charles A. of South Dakota was born In Minnesota In 1871. He is a lawyer and educator and member of several He was fraternal organizations. speaker of the state legislature. This Is his second term. John M. Nelson of Wisconsin was born in that state in 1870; he is a lawyer and educator and has served in the house since 1907.' Halvor Steenerson of Minnesota was born In Wisconsin in 1852. He is a lawyer and is interested in farming; this is his tenth term in the house. His people came from Telemarken. . M. A. Michaelson represents the seventh Chicago district. He was bom in Kristiansand in 1875 and began his Chicago career teaching Chris-topherso- Norwegian fellers bane in They are all Bepublicans and are all from the Middle West. The Nestor is Senator Knute Nelson of Minnesota, born at Voss, near Bergen, In 1843. He came herd a child. He TEN served three terms in the house and two terms as governor.. He has been in the senate since 1895, his term ending in 1925. He is a Union veteran of the Civil war. v The people of South Dakotas new senator, Peter Norbeck, came from Trondhjem. He is an expert in marketing and general farming and good roads and can make a good speech. He is fifty-on- e. Representative Gilbert N. Haugen f Iowa was bom in Wisconsin in 1859. He entered business in Iowa when fourteen, and when eighteen bought a farm. This is bis twelfth term in the house. ' school. Finally there Is Andrew J. Volstead of Minnesota. He was tom in that state in 1860. He is a lawyer and edu- cator. He has been in the house since 1903. His people came from Telemarken. Ambitious Greek Boy Hays Befriends HAYS GENERAL POSTMASTER , Andrew Louchlou, a native of the Island of Crete, and is giving him a chance to be progressive. For the monthly sum of $80 the Greek, now twenty years old, helps the in shipHayses keep their apartment sprucer-u- p shape condition and acts as offor the postmaster general at his institufice. Andrew has become an fluenttion. He speaks five languages new employer his Is teaching and ly how to talk French. See that typewriter? I got it for a him to practice on. I pay him $80 month out of my own pocket, and in the early in the morning and late afternoon he works around the apart-at ment, and at other times he is here the department looking after my Mr. Hays likes his proteges pluck, ambihis desire to progress and his himout of tion to make something steerself. Louchlou came over as a career his and begun age passenger him as waiter. Jimmie Regan noticed and took him t Ms place in New Jer sey as his personal butler. It was there that .Colonel Harvey saw him and became Interested In his future. He was with Colonel Harvey about a year when Mr. Hays got him. Andrew was ambitious to get out of service, manual labor, said Mr. Hays, and I promised to help him That Is why I put him to work on this typewriter. He has taken out his first papers and will become an American Yesterday he as soon as possible. told me that he had paid $25 for lessons to operate an automobile. Soon he will be a good driver and can handle my car. ' river was Nebraska, shallow meaning and '.from water, this i came the name of the state. A nickname' for the state Is the Blackwajer State. , Of tlie early Spanish explorations little is known, except that Coronado probably reached the great plain of this region In 1541. More ' than one hundred and twenty-fiv- e years later Rather Marquette noted the Platte river on his trip up the Missouri. In the beginning of the Nineteenth, cen-- , tury the Lewis and Clark expedition skirted the boundaries of the present state and in 1805, Manuel Lisa established tlie first known settlement which was a fur trading post at Bellevue..; This was just ; after the Louisiana Purchase had brought Nebraska into United States territory. Omaha was established as a post of the American Fur company in 1825 ; and Nebraska City the following year. When the Louisiana - Purchase was effected Nebraska formed a part of Missouri territory, but with Missouri achieving statehood the balance of the territory was left without any govern- -' ment. In 1834 part of it was attached to Arkansas, part ' placed under tjje jurisdiction of Missouri, and a third part was joined to Michigan territory. With the California gold rush In 1849 many pioneers passed through Nebraska and some stopped and settled there, although there was a law forbidding settlements among the Indians. The real colonization boom, however, starta ed with the passing .of the act in 1854, which arranged J that these two sections should become free or slave states at the dictate of their inhabitants. The Nebraska was then organized and reached from the fortieth to the forty-nint- h parallel. In 1861, the region north of 43 was made into Dakota territory. The Idaho territory was also created, which reduced Nebraska to its present size of 77,520 square miles, except for a slight addition in the Northwest ; which was made in 1882. In 1867 Nebraska was admitted as the 37th state over tlie Presidents veto. It has eight presidential tors. . ROBERT H. MOULTON N DISCOVERING America, Columbus not only opened up a vast new home for man but for insect pests f cultivated crops and do- TLS.; 2 mestic animals as well. Ful ly one hundred of these foreigners have made their way to American shores, and incidentally to American gardens and fields, ' up to the present. They have multiplied so that today their destruction of orchards, gardens and crops is esti-- . mated at approximately $500,090,000 a year. Their havoc would be much ' more than this were it not for the ' quarantines and control work conducted by the federal government and activities of the states. The group of federal horticultural ' experts pictured herewith has just been discussing in Washington an effective method of fighting the pink bollworm which now threatens the cotton of the United States. It came here from Mexico in 1917 and approximately $2,000,000 has been spent to stamp it out. It is estimated that failure to control this insect menace will mean the annual loss of 20 to 40 per cent of the cotton crop which means a loss of hundreds of millions. These specialists are (left to right) Dr. K. Fr Kellerman, plant physiologist, federal horticultural board; George B. Sudworth dendrologist, forest service; C. entomologist, bureau of entomology ; W. D. Hunter, entomologist, federal horticultural board, in charge of field work against the pink boll weevil. These imported pests keep on coming. The latest arrival has just been detected at Miama, Fla. It is not uncommon in the tropics but according to G. F.1 Moznette, entomologist in charge of the federal experiment station at Miami, one never before was seen in the United States. ' It Is the xylostodoris luteolus and the visitor has journeyed from Cuba to sample the quality of the tender shoots of the royal palms here. Because it is a sucking insect and feeds upon the leaflets of the trees, Mr. Moznette considers the bug an undesirable citizen and war already has been declared. The defenders are attempting to repel the invader with a spray composed of one part of nicotine sulphate and 1,200 parts of water. The insect is yellow and an adult specimen is about one-hainch in length. ' This Is the first record of a luteolus in this country, said Mr. Moznette. The insect was recently described In Cuba by Barber, with the host plant given as oreodoxa. Its Identity was determined by Hubert Osborne of the Ohio State university. Of all the insect pests and diseases that attack cultivated crops and cut into the profits of the American farmers severely there are relatively few of the more important ones that are Like native to the United States. many other baneful things, insect pests and diseases have followed the course of civilization. They are carried in many ways from one country to another, und it is the work of the Department of Agriculture to guard the United Stales against their entry and o prevent their spread. , While many of the pests have come from European countries, Asia lias contributed its share of them. Prominent among these for its destructive activities is the San Jose scale, which made its first appearance in the United States forty or fifty years ago, having made Its way here from China. It lf xylos-todor- is HAS A FUNNY FACE. Dear Sir: Herewith are two recent photos of myself, taken within a minute of each other. One is my natural self.; the other shows what I can Instantly do with my face, even without the help of make-up- . Whoever sees It goes Into uncontrollable fits of laughter. Is an ability to do tills sort of thing, and to keep It up for any time, required In character acting,' ikely to be of any use to you? If it . overspread the United States., It' attacks- not only practically all fruits but also many garden vegetables and corn. Since its first appearance in the United States this beetle has multiplied and spread, at- an astounding rate. In the middle of August. 1916, when it was discovered, only about a dozen beetles could1 be collected, even though the search was made in the locality which is In the center of the infestation, while at the present time 15,000 to 20,000 beetles can be collected by hand by one person in a single day. Attempts to check the spread of this pest are being made by means of federal and local quarantines.. Under this quarantine the government maintains a supervision over the movement of articles likely to carry the pest from infested areas tt other sections of the country. But the greatest drawback lies in the ease with which, it may be carried by individuals on Numerous-instanceclothing, and in vehicles. have been noted where-beetlehave thus been accidentally carried out of infested areas. Another foreign pest in comparatively recent years . which has made its appearance in this country is the corn borer. Iufestatiims have been discovered in several Eastern states, and recently heavy in testations have been discovered in Canada, presenting a more immediate menace to onr corn "belt As Its name implies, this insect bores into the corn plant and kills It, thus effectually preventing the maturing of ears on the plant The chinch bug, an ally of the corn borer, does greatest damage to corn. It is the' usual habit of the chinch bug first to attack fields of wheat, rye, or barley; and its presence often, is unnoticed because the. injuries inflicted upon these crops are obscure or of no apparent importance. About harvest time the bugs leave the small grain and crawl over the surface of the ground to the nearest fields of corn, where they begin at once to wreak severe injury. Cornfields may be protected and the migrating bugs trapped about the time of wheat harvest by plowing a deep furrow around the edges of the field. The bugs wdll fall into the ditch and' can be easily killed by; crushing them with a log dragged back' and forth' through the ditch." Another method Is to dig shallow post holes in the bottom of the ditch, at Intervals of about twenty feet into which the bugs, crawling: along the ditch bottoms, will fall. They can then be destroyed by kerosene., Another notorious insect whose- fftme-tloit is, in the order of nature, to take bread out of our mouths, is tiie" Hessian fly, so called because the Hessian soldiers were believed to have brought it over from Europe during the Revolution. This pest gives its attention almost wholly to wheat, upon which it levies an average annual tax of approximately 10 per cent. la certain years when It was most active it destroyed as much as 100,000,000 bushels of wheat. After the- Hessian fly has once thoroughly infested the crops of wheat there is no known means of saving It, and the only known means of preventing damage from tht flies is to keep them out off the wheat Kansas-Nebrask- ter-ritor- y - Hi fMJ0SZ6CA& aiTAFPZXS became throughout the United States in the early 90s, and at the present time there is practically not a commercial deciduous orchard in this country that does not have: to be sprayed once a year. Some idea of the burden which this insect puts upon the orchardists of the United States can be had when it is realized that the expenditure for apparatus' and spraying amounts to. approximately $10,000,000 annually. In addition to this are the losses that the insect causes in spite of this control treatment, and they are very large, especially in small orchards and household plantings where spraying is not commonly practiced. This insect alone undoubtedly, has cost this country during its presence here upward of wide-sprea- d $100,-000,00- ... , The San Jose or Chinese scale infects practically all portions of its host plants that are above ground t the trunk, limbs, and branches and when abundant may occur on the leaves and fruits.- Injury results from the extraction, by the scale insects, of the juices off the plant. At first this, merely checks- - the growth, but as the insects increase in number the speedy killing of the branches and twigs follows, resulting finally in the death of the plants. This insect is about the size of a pinhead, the insect proper scale, being beneath, the which is merely a waxy covering secreted by the soft, helpless Insect for its own protection. It is distributed from one- region to another principally on nursery stock, scions, or budding and grafting material, but once established in a locality it spreads by various agencies such as birds, grasshoppers, beetles and ants, or by the young being blown by strong . winds from tree to tree. Among undesirables from Japan have been two or three peach destroyers, Europe has contributed a corn borer, and from Mexico has come the notorious boll weevil. The oriental peach moth, which gained entry a few years ago with imported oriental cherry trees from Japan, has just begun its spread and; depredation. It affects practically all deciduous fruits, and bids fair to: be as destructive as the coddling moth, the cause of wormy apples. This insect injures both the twigs and. fruit of trees, instances being known where It has Injured 90. per cent of the twigs. The Japanese beetle, brought in about the same time as the peach moth, has already gained such a foothold that in view of its habits and prolonged flight It is probably impossible of extermination and may ultimately - well-know- always causes Instant mirth among my own acquaintances (no matter how melancholy they may have, been feeling), possibly it might be worth while introducing to the ider circle of the But may I be allowed, from public. the beginning (if such should be my e fortune), to bar having thrown at it, or myself being dropped in the mud or rolled downstairs, as I am not a gymnast in any form. Seriously a face like this might be Just such as you require for some quiet and quaint really humorous character blanc-mang- ,, JEu-rope- " n Received by a study. Application London Motion. Picture Corporation. This Earth Largely Water. A trifle more than seven-tenth- s the surface of the globe is by the waters of the oceans. tal area covered by the latter the. total area of the lands of covered The toexceeds of the world by 83,000,000 square miles. Reckoned in terms of quantity, the oceans contain 324 cubic miles of fluid, or "14 times the bulk of all the lands In the world above aea level. : ' COLORADO COLORADO is the of our states, for in the mining of gold and silver it surpasses all other States, pro d ducing about of the total output w me entire country. In fact. Its real history starts in 1858, when t gold was first discovered. Prior to that time there had been but little settling in this region. Spanish, explorers had traversed the country la the latter part of the Eighteenth : century, and laid claim to it. As a part ef the Louisiana Purchase it came Into the possession of the United States in 1803. Officers of the United States army were sent out to explore this wilderness among whom were Lieutenant Pike in 1806, and it was after him that Pikes Peak was named. In 1819 Colonel Long made extensive explorations and he was followed In 1842 by Fremont, whose activities in the- Mexican war brought him into much prominence. At the close of the Mexican war, Mexico ceded her rights to this territory to the United States, but It was considered a barren Waste and unattractive for settlers. Then in 1858 came the discovery of gold In the bed of Dry Creek, a few miles south of where Denver now stands. The following spring tens of thousands of men flocked Into what was then called the Pikes Peak coun-- j try. In 1859 Denver became a town of one thousand inhabitants, and by the next year had grown Into a big city with newspapers, theaters and a government mint. To accommodate the stream of settlers, a dally stage from Leavenworth to Denver was established. This trip at that time took fifteen days for the six hundred and eighty-seve- n miles, and the fare was one hundred dollars. In 1861 the Territory of Qolorado was created and in 1876 Colorado was state of admitted as the thirty-eight- h the Union. Its area is 103.948 square miles and its population entitles the state to six presidential electors. ' The name Is taken from the Colo?-radriver, and is a Spanish adjectlv meaning colored red.. ... . i " Qojorado Is often called (he Centennial State, as' It was 'admitted to the Union just one hundred years after the Declaration of Independence one-thir- - ' v i . r. Tree Trimmed by Machinery. Camphor is derived from the twlga clipped from the tree at regular intervals and these clippings have here tofore been done by band which made It a tedious and rather expensive operation. An American Inventor has come to the rescue of this Industry by Inventing a machine to do this work. This machine strips the camphor trees of the leaves and small branches without Injury to the limbs or Imiwlrment of the productive caThe machine pacity of the' trees. 'r.rv'es Its own gasoline engine . |
