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Show oirn fTTiir' rHE COUNTY RICH rnTTMTV REAPER Entered cs second class matter Feb. 8, 1929, it the Post Office, Randolph, Utah, nnder tb Act of March 3. 1879. Wm. E. Marshall. Business Manager 1.60 Per Year in Advance. SUBSCRIPTION Layton Marshall, Editor and Proprietor WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS By pr a PER. RANDOLPH. UTAH Edward C. Wayne War Orphan No. 1 President Names Production Czar ' And Reorganizes Defense s SOIL PROTECTION War Effort; HELPS WAR PLAN To Speed Up All-OSubmarines Off East Coast Report ;Jncreased Production Takes Set-Up- ut Toll of Important Resource. 'Released by Western Newspaper Union.) , By PROF. C. J. CHAPMAN Wisconsin (Soils Department, Oi Agriculture, Madison, College Wis.) Dr. Ales Hrdlicka, anthropologist, once had a plan to measure the skulls of all congressmen, in his studies NEW ut defense program involv- peace-tim- e never-endin- essential plant food elements ever since they were brought under cultivation. The organic matter content of our soils is diminishing. Tremendous losses of plant food are being incurred in the yearly sale of farm produce, products. live-stoc- k and live-stoc- k are losing fertility through the wasteful handling of animal manures. It is true that losses of plant food have been offset to some extent through the purchase of commercial fertilizer. However, the sum total of all losses in actual plant food sold from our farms or wasted on farms is many times that which at present is brought back and applied to cultivated fields in the form of commercial fertilizer. We cannot continue a system of farming where we are spending or using up soil fertility many times as fast as it is being replenished. We AGRICULTURE IN INDUSTRY I 1 By Florence C. Weed (This is one oi a series oi articles showing bow iarm products are Sndmg an important market in industry.) Honey and Wax The NELSON: QTTRM ARTIVPN Production Czar Action As the United States moved forwar production, ward into Donald M. Nelson had been named Navy planes and ships had a busy time chasing enemy submarines reported lurking off the East coast of all-o- ut production chief, placed in sole command over OPM, SPAB and all other vital production organizations. His position was compared to that of Bernard M. Baruch in 1917. Mr. Nelson had been, before his promotion to sole command, the head of SPAB, the priorities control board, and thus had been sitting with his hands on the needle valve which kept materials flowing smoothly to defense plants. His post also was compared to that of Lord Beaverbrook in England. He was given command by executive order, and though the order did not immediately make legally clear how far his power went, there was enough in President Roosevelts statement to show that it would go far enough to put Nelson into sole command. A board, including Messrs. Knud-seHillman and other chiefs of various vital groups, was to work under Nelson. The President ?aid, in part: Mr. Nelson will no longer serve as director of the priorities division. He will devote his entire time to directing the production program. His decisions as to procurement and production will be final. Thus Mr. Nelson has authority over not only the industrialists and labor leaders who were in Washington to harness American production to a program for victory, but also over the army and navy themselves, in a way, because his decisions as to what they might have in the way of arms and munitions would be final. They would still have legal contracting authority, but Mr. Nelson would have to pass upon these contracts before they could go into effect, and could, in effect, make them larger or smaller, quicker or slower. n, honey and wax industry brings $14,000,000 to a half million bee keepers in the 48 states. Each year the wax is adapted to wider uses, especially in cosmetics where it is used as a base for the finer face creams and nail polishes. It also is used in polishes for furniture. In the automotive industry, beeswax goes into foundry fillets. Here it is especially favored because the wax sticks to any surface and can be worked into the corners of pat- LUZON: terns. Higher priced electric coils Defense are insulated with wax and some goes into the cores of golf balls. After marketing their product, bee keepers have some of the wax returned to them in the form of comb foundation which they buy for their hives. This is the thin midrib on which the bees make their comb. Nearly 3,000,000 pounds of beeswax is used for rubrical candles and lights for th Catholic church. Beeswax candles are favored for mystical reasons and because the high melting point of wax (145 degrees) provides a slow burning candle that will not bend at high temperatures. The pure wax candle does not smoke and gives off no irritating gas. Some honey is used in curing hams and brier pipes but most of it goes to the direct consumer for food. It is highly recommended for quick energy and is prescribed by physicians for infant feeding and in the treatment of some diseases. Dark colored, strong flavored grades go to bakery and confectionery trades When the history of World War II is written it will have become evident that the defense of Luzon by the American-Filipin- o forces under Gen. Douglas MacArthur should be placed last alongside of other famous stands. Conceded only the slimmest possible hope of hanging on until help might arrive, the MacArthur forces, entrenched in the Mariveles mountains back of Manila bay, had reported not only stemming an all-oJapanese drive, but that they had driven the attackers back. They had forced the Japs to remove their big guns far to the rear, out of range of the American batteries, had silenced 11 Japanese batteries, and had raised havoc with charging detachments of tanks and ut infantry. the U. S. Two ships were reported sunk by submarine action off Long Island, N. Y. The first was the Panamanian tanker Norness which was hit by three torpedoes about 120 miles from the coast. Next day watchers on shore claimed they saw a submarine sink another ship about 23 miles from shore. Meanwhile U. S. underwater craft were also busy, but the location of their action was not disclosed. The navy reported that a 17,000 ton Jap ship of the type used as a .plane carrier had been sunk by U. S. sub- 24-ho- ur head-siz- e and contour in their rela- ' There was every indication that the battle for air supremacy in the Far Eastern theater of war was definitely being battled for. The news dispatches had contained increasing reports of air battles on all fronts, and though there was still no indication that General MacArthur had any sort of an air arm, both the British and Dutch defenses were being bolstered by American, Chinese and Australian planes. The Dutch early had said that if the Allies would give them enough planes, they could defeat Japanese efforts to capture important strongholds in their islands. The Japs, on the other hand, were continuing to capture some, including the island of Tarakan, a small islet defended by about as many men as had stood before the Japs at Wake island. The Dutch defenders finally had to surrender, though more than half of the garrison got away and lived to fight another day. Before leaving and before the remainder were forced by the odds to lay down their arms, they reported having mined and blown up all the oil wells on the island, an important small producer of petroleum. It still was not definite where the high command had set up headquarters, save that it was somewhere gn the island of Java, but whether at Batavia, from which most of the dispatches were coming, or at Surabaya, could not be learned. An idea of what the capture of Tarakan meant, by the way, was the Dutch figure on its oil output, 80,000 tons monthly of the finest grade of petroleum. The Dutch, in describing the destruction of the wells, said, simply: The Japanese have found that we were not bluffing when we announced that no oil installations would be permitted to fall into their hands. Studying skills, rather than skulls, Dr. Leonard Carmichael, president of Tufts college, gets In August, better 1940, the government put him at the head of a committee of savants to work up a national brain index. They have compiled an index of several hundred thousand good brains. This committee was known as the National Roster of Scientific and Specialized Personnel, and now there has been added to it a special committee on wartime requirements for specialized personnel, with Dr. Carmichael as chairman. The obvious function of the committee is to find good brains and recruit them. Since the first World war, the clasn sical intelligence quotient has gained by sundry repairs and betterments. The inquiry now covers not only the question of whether we know much of anything but whether we have any sense. Binet-Simo- In 1920, we saw an experiment in a progressive school in San Francisco which now seems pertinent to what Dr. Carmichael and his committee are trying to do. They picked a group of high I.Q. boys, of superior heredity and cultural background, and then they picked some less favored lads, of low I.Q. from the North Beach foreign section. They gave each child a certain amount of money, told him to buy some thing, start trading and report gains marines in Far Eastern waters. or losses in two months. When the bell rang, most of the MALAYA: lads had lost their Scorched Earth shirts and the North Beach mob The house of commons criticism had fanned its holdings up to of the British Malaya forces in not sizeable juvenile fortunes. carrying out the scorched earth polFrom this, the pedagogs figured icy was met by dispatches which had been delayed tending to show something, like survival intelligence as distinguished from merely superthat the British had applied that polimposed and possibly icy in the completest way. possible. cultural intelligence. It is unAn eyewitness description of the questionably survival intelligence British evacuation of Perka, Selanthat Dr. Carmichael and his gor and Kuala Lumpur, the latter are looking for, as their an important rubber city and the to do with particularized, has study of the Federated Malay capital specialized, useful, workable skills. States bore this put. Dr. Carmichael, one of the most A Durdin dispatch to the Times from Seremban stated that in Perak Opens Conference distinguished of modern psycholoOf vital importance had been con- gists, was born in Philadelphia in and Selangor alone millions of dolsidered conferthe 1898, and was educated at Tufts and lars worth of rubber stocks and rubber processing plants and mil- ence of nations, which had opened Harvard, and taught at Princeton lions more in tin mine dredges and its sessions at Rio, with Sumner and Brown before becoming presitin ore processing machinery had Welles in charge of affairs for the dent of Tufts in 1938. American state department. been destroyed. There were really only two doubt- nOWN near Windy Gap, on the In addition the destruction of petroleum products totaled several fuls on the list, but they were imedge of Death Valley, we knew millions of dollars. portant, and covered the southern a big, dead-pa- n who Copra and coal docks were dyna- half of the continent Argentina and doubled in dancing and fighting, and mited or burned. Dynamiters were Chile. President Quezon wo could Yet, as the conference met, with mining the country through which dance down the Japs were approaching closer the announced purpose of further Blends Dancing, or smack to Singapore, and this was evident fulfilling the general blockade Politic Perfectly in the slowing down of the Japanese against the Axis by a continental advance. breaking of relations with all Axis parts. Elsewhere, we have found Describing the evacuation of Ku- nations, it was felt quite hopeful that this unique blend of talents only in ala Lumpur, Durdin wrote that the Argentina and Chile would come in Manuel Quezon, recently inducted British had opened the larger stores and enter the joint action whole- into his second term as president of and had removed what stocks it heartedly. the Philippines. wanted, and then had left the stores OUSTER: Sr. Quezon negotiated for Philipopen to allow the population to take pine independence in the New York what it wished. Against Dye Men studio of Arthur Murray, the dancThe inhabitants seethed up and Five of the principal operating ing master. Dancing is his art, his down the streets which were littered executives of the General Aniline recreation and his driving passion. with refuse, carrying what they had and Film corporation were summa- Four hours a day went to dancing been able to get aboard rickshas, rily ousted from their position by when he was cutting the islands on bicycles and on shoulders and order of the treasury department, adrift with second thoughts later. heads. which had been trying for several The first dancing shift was from 10 From every corner of the city months to establish that the comoclock until noon. The hours from sounded the booming explosions as pany actually was owned by the one to three went to Philippine inthe Punjab sappers and dynamiters Nazi firm of I. G. Farbenindustrie. and then the dancing destroyed bridges, roads and other The men suspended, all natural- dependence,from three to five. picked up communication links as soon as the ized citizens of German birth, were British convoys had moved through Dr. Rudolph Hutz, a The bright-eyed director; Hans the city. Aickelen and William Vom Rath, little man with the dazzling Two large department stores were both former directors who resigned smile so captivated Woodrow completely despoiled of goods within within the past Wilson that the President put a W. Von F. month; a few hours. Coolies who had nevMeister, general manager of the declaration for Philippine indeer tasted chocolate candy went Oxalid and division, g into the Leopole pendence Eckler, about with their arms full, giving acting general manager of the Democratic in the But platform. them away to others who had none Hawes-Cuttin- g division. bill, enacted in The burning of the rubber trees They have been refused the right, 1933, Senor Quezon found a onewas not possible, but since the other things, to enter the among tariff squeeze, unsatisfacway plants producing rubber and the'rub-be- r premises of the Decemtory as to the atti-- company. guarantees stocks were burned, the British ber 12 the of tude Pacific treasury and othdepartment powers, say it will be a long time before placed 17 of its er defects, add started dancing operatives in the the Japs can get any.' main offices of the company. and negotiating his way around these obstacles. PAN-AMERIC- silk-stocki- brain-indexe- rs A: Pan-Americ- an cow-punch- d, slap-ban- Not in any way claiming that the Japanese advance had been permanently checked. General MacArthur reported to Washington that the battle had shown definitely that the American guns and gunnery were superior to those of the enemy. of tion to intelligence. The congressmen didnt like the idea and nothing came of it. AIR: Supremacy Sought Leon Henderson, director, Division of Civilian Supply of the Office of Production Management, trys out one of the Victory model bicycles model produced by manufacturers at request of OPM. This lightweight is constructed of less costly material, and shorn of all gadgets. The new bikes will be built for both men and women. Photo shows Henderson pedaling, and Miss Betty Barrett of York, Neb.,, in the luggage basket. sure way for the boss to get his secretary to the office on time. YORK. Brain Indexers Studying Skills, Ignoring Skulls am war orphan No. 1 said Mrs. Helen Nelson, wife of Donald M. Nelson, Chicago, III., whom President Roosevelt appointed chief of war production just recently. source the soil. It is fortunate that before we had to launch this all-omilitary effort we were already engaged in a It is essening soil conservation. tial that this program we have so well started against the forces of nature and of human indifference and carelessness for the preservation of our soils be continued. Otherwise the handwriting on the wall for American agriculture of the future will be visible to even the dimmest eye. It is of vital importance that our soils be made fit to produce the vast crops necessary in this war effort. The federal government has already shown what can be done through its gigantic programs of land use planning, soil conservation, erosion control and reforestation. The combined results of the findings of experiment stations, extension workers and teachers, and the efforts of the educational agencies of the fertilizer industry, have long since built up a vast fund of information that leaves no doubt as to the wisg dom of and necessity for a program of soil conservation. Steadily, but surely, the soils of the United States have been losing WNU Service.) (Consolidated Features 'While we are pouring billions of doUars into the war program to fight the aggressions of Axis powers threatening our way of life, we like-- i wise have an obligation that is of .tremendous importance to our future and ultimate security. And that is the protection of our greatest re- Agfa-Ansc- o er coffee-colore- |