| Show f f 1 V L U i ir r 11 FACTS ABOUT GRASSHOPPERS i i Prof ProC Simpson of Idaho Publishes i An Interesting Circular Circulars I I i f METHODS OF EXTERMINATION i r I 1 Thise Thue Largely Upon Location And Aud Other Olliff ea We Insect history r Proto Pro Simpson of ot Moscow Idaho a 0 r entomologist l Is I the author r of the following following circular with refer reference j ence to Utah und and Idaho grasshoppers I For many years cars past the yellow winged locust has hus hasI I been a 11 pest of the greatest Importance I f In certain agricultural sections of ot Idaho S and Utah Its It Injuries are arc so AO great glat that tho the natural development ol of these u sea Ai lions Is seriously Interfered with and 1 I often orten crops cruPI are almost a total loss luwi This i Insect Is quite generally distributed dl I over thu the northern portions of ot the United States Stated but bUI Is le Injurious only In ht comparatively few localities In the theN N i West cst I n It Is variable In color ranging from irom light yellow ellow to 10 brown with all nil gradations between The males malel are lire al nl always always j ways was smaller than tuc me trl females and z can an bo be easily distinguished by IJ the dif lilt difference ference terenee In tho the end of the abdomen I which Is la more mort or ur less rounded In III the male while in the f It II ends with tour four our horny points The rho nymphs or young locusts are of ot a dark color Rome aone I times Mmes almost black The fhe young youn locusts depend entirely upon their legs for or lo 10 locomotion loI I as a the he wings In the earlier f I consist con only of small ISmail pods pads r LI LIME KB OK OP INSI lS I The Thc life history of this lids Insect Is not I no so well known liS as a that of many other Injurious species The Tha eggs arc are laid In thu the ground during August In him eats containing from 20 to 30 eggs each cacho 1 The female usually chooses sandy or gravelly spots In which In deposit In the latter Jailer part of oC May Mey and In June the eggs hatch and In about a month i the locusts use become full nil grown r i and j winged wIll tn gel amt and begin to migrate and If It In l j clent numbers they strip the vege vegetation tenon tation In their path Many of at them re ro remain tl main maln along the path of migration and I deposit their eggs und and thus thUM causo e eI I pears of abundance In a 1 few lW sections they are arc numerous enough to 1 cause great damage only three or four fourT T tt r years out of every ever ten J This locust t Is h a general feeder and Is l 1 especially destructive to tl hay onto oats and ami Ji wheat I the thu principal crops grown In c these sections Apparently the Insect i dislikes alfalfa as III this thlu crop la le usually but little Injured I m I The Thu application of remedial I against t the pest depends largely on the i f I locality In which the tho pests are nt lit work 1 aria every possible po advantage should hould be betaken bei i 1 taken of the tho natural surroundings The 1 breeding grounds must Inu t tie be accurately located and If there nr are periods of years In which the Insects are few In j numbers anti and consist con ht of or scattering col colonies coli i ji onies onles these thue colonies should be located and destroyed as OH a preventive measure b Many methods have been llen devised to 10 tol combat the Insect when It has ha reached l i the adult or o winged stage but at III best b i these thele measures are arr very cry expensive ex and ore ora In most malt cases cose of ot but little value If It success J Is II to be obtained In the destruction 0 tion or r control of Ihl insect it II must be bei i attacked d In the breeding grounds either I when It Is III In the egg stage or before becoming winged PLOWING fly By observIng the Insects during the I period or stirring the ground and exposing the eggs the tho breeding grounds can cnn be easily located By y plowing these grounds In the fall tall many of th tM the eggs e s are ore burled bUlled so deep beneath the ground that when the young hatch In the spring they the perish because became they the cannot reach the surface Others are killed by b exposure to the weather and their numerous ene enemies roles mies have hae a n better opportunity to feed upon them WITH OIL mm any sections of the west where crude petroleum can cnn bo be obtained nt ot otery very ery little cost cot the method of spraying with oil has been found very success successful rut ful ul The petroleum Is II sprayed over the breeding grounds upon the young lo 10 costs cUSIl which are Me killed by b contact with the oil The effectiveness of ot this treatment depends primarily upon Ullon the thoroughness with which It Is III applied Additional effectiveness can n be secured by burning over the ground after aCter It has best been sprayed as this will twill kill those Which have escaped the spray are long shallow pan cans of any 1111 convenient dimensions made of galvanized Iron or other material mounted upon runners about tin an Inch thick The pan pon Is l partly tilled with water tt n small quantity of kerosene Is le added to form Corm a n film lm ant and a screen Is placed upright on the bark to prevent the locusts locusta from Crom Jumping over the pan panAs panAs As Ar lire Ire drawn drown over oer the ground by either cither men or horses hores the tw young oung locusts l Jump Into the tho air fall alt Into Inlo the pan and are nrc wetted and killed kille by b the kerosene This method has tins been found to be less effective against this thia Insect Infect In ed than against t locusts of other species Sagebrush In time tIe breeding grounds often renders lenders it to u use Ue e ethe the and it Is quite necea nary enry to drive or sweep the young oung lo to locusts costs of this species Into the pan when It Is III drawn drown along Ku III but comparatively comparative ly I few of them Jump high enough to fall Into It INI 1 r Poisoning the young locusts loeu la with Ih ar or enl al has been found to be to one une of the tho ritual most l effective measures that can cnn be used against this Insect There Then are orl many mun mixtures which are very vey Ir effective err tIe but the greatest success has lias been ob oh obtained tamed by a combination of ot and fresh horse droppings dropping One pound of Paris Pari green gren n or some i om other ther canyon conven j lent arsenical ar together two tO tOj j y pounds of slit are thoroughly mixed mind d j I with 00 pounds rounds of ef fresh horse hur 1 drop droppings 3 pings The resulting mixture Is l seat scat scattered j among the young oung locusts or around the edges edgell of fields which It Is le 1 thought may be Invade 1 A very sr ron eon l j enlen in which to milk make tills pr preparation par Is I a I h A or puddle paddle can Ian be to nr ash d In scat scattering scattering the mixture In the desired BEGIN JI GIN NOW OW The Importance of beginning work rr against the cannot I II be Ion loo f strongly Iron emph li ll 1 because f little can be dune tu to destroy these th locusts t 9 after they the have wings end have begun their migrations by loy short HI III bights this Ily r means mans l of or a voluntary of R formers farmers a general generel survey urve of a n loral ra Ily It In the fall aided sided by loy the I of f previous years earll will render It rom roar comparatively to foreran forecast if the th lo to locusts o costs will be lie abundant the ensuing sea sc 1 f son pon During the years tar vh n they ther are Ii ten few a 0 small mall amount of work will keep i them within bounds bound or by more mere ex ox ext t Ium I s t y ti 1 if d i f t i IY JI 4 r 1 It i f 1 i Ii tJi r f t o tended work they thc may bo ho nearly ox ex exterminated terminated conditions paras palas parasItes 1 Ites Itel and Ind diseases although often elTee effective tIe live cannot ran not be bo rolled relied upon and It Is necessary that and per pcr persistent persistent campaigns be undertaken If IC 1 success Is to be obtained |
