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Show Canary Designs Will COMPLETE VICTORY! Chronology Japanese War Japs Agree to All Terms Of Potsdam Declaration; MacArthur Gets High Post 1911 Japanese sneak attack on Pearl Harbor. Dec. 8 United States declares war on Japan. Invasion of Philippines and attack on Guam and IPoke started by Japanese. Dec. Having led American ground forces back over the vast tracts of the Pacific to the doorstep of Japan following the crippling blow at Pearl Harbor, General MacArthur was designated to accept the Nipponese surrender along with representatives of the other Allied nations. Coming four days after Tokyos first offer to give up the fight provided the emperors sovereignty were respected, and three monthp after With the navy and air force carrying the fight to the enemy, and with army and marine troops slashing forward in island to island fighting, the war in the Pacific rates as one of the bloodiest in history. From the very beginning the U. S. encountered a bitter and fanatical foe, ardent and well disciplined, willing to fight to the last cartridge even when completely enveloped. All through the war, the toll of Jap killed far surpassed the number captured, indicating the nature of their defense. Because of the close teamwork rein the over-al- l V-- E operations, it quired day, Japans surrender out one was greeted with wild enthu- would be difficult to single General hero, though outstanding siasm throughout the U. S. MacArthur's fiery stand against the which joyously celebrated the enemy in the early stages of the conend of the most destructive flict and his later redemption of and costly war in history lost territories made him the symof the American spirit. without waiting for President bolBeside the name of MacArthur Harry S. Trumans official must be added those of Admiral V-J Nimitz, who directed U. S. naval day proclamation. In accepting the Allied terms, operations in the vast Pacific theaJapan agreed to the total reduction ter, and General Le May, whose of its once proud empire, with hope seriously reduced Japans in- for the future based upon the organization of a free democracy Within the home islands of Honshu, Kyushu,. Hokkaido and Shikoku. Under the Potsdam ultimatum, Japan must eliminate the influence of those elements which have encouraged conquest; give up Manchuria, Korea and other overseas disarm all armed acquisitions; forces; permit the revival of democracy and freedom of speech, religion and thought; and submit to ' Allied occupation of designated points in the homeland until postwar security has been established. At the same time, Japan was promised an opportunity for orderly development once a peaceful government had been created, with retention of such industries as would maintain its internal economy and eventual access to raw materials and world trade. Emperor Hirohito The war ended just as the atomic Surrenders to Allies. bomb threatened the obliteration of Japans sprawling industrial settle- dustrial potential in repeated heavy ments, with Hiroshima and Naga- raids. Recovering quickly from the black saki already badly mangled by the immediately after Pearl Hardays terrific blasts. when the Nipponese overran Packing an explosive force 20,000 bor, times greater than TNT, the atomic much of the Pacific, the U. S. checked the enemy tide in the spring ' . 4 of 1942, when the . American fleet stopped the Japs southeastward drive in the battle of the Coral sea and then thwarted their eastward surge at Midway. From then on, the U. S., building up tremendous military and material strength under a unified front at home, was on the march, with the Japanese seeking time to consolidate their newly won position as the overruling Asiatic power by bitter delaying action in their outposts. With the navy severing vital Japanese supply lines to these outposts, and with the ground forces isolating enemy units into disorganized resistance pockets on invaded islands, the American advance in the Pacific far exceeded expectations, with the end of the European war finding U. S. sea, land and air forces perched right on Nippons doorstep. Gen. Douglas MacArthur Though the main body of JapaAccepts Surrender. nese troops had not been touched by bombs destructive capacity so far the steady U. S. advances westward, exceeded that of ordinary missiles the American navys mastery of the that it brought a quick reaction sea lanes as far as the Chinese coast from a government that had planned interrupted the shipment of vital macontinuation of the conflict from terial to the home islands for inunderground bastions despite in- dustrial processing, and the 9 terrific bombardment of manufacturattacks. creasing Besides threatening to lay Japan ing centers greatly curtailed output. waste, the atomic bomb also was With deliveries of materials cut, and credited with blowing Russia into output dwindling, the effectiveness the conflict, thus bringing the total of an estimated 4,000,000 remaining Allied weight to bear against the enemy troops stood to be severely Nipponese. In all, these two events limited. On top of it all, Russias invasion served to climax the growing tempo of the Allied drive in the Pacific, of Manchuria and threat to Jap-hel- d which saw U. S. forces virtually sitChina promised to tap the only n ting on Japan's doorstep at the remaining important enemy indusof hostilities. trial source outside the homeland. B-2- . B-2- During the twenties Japan expanded her commercial influence stricted' to Korea, the coast of China deep into Chinese territory. By 1931 and some neighboring lsland9 in the a formidable boycott developed. JapJapanese sea. Japanese leaders anese troops were used to crush this organized protest This violation of suddenly realized the power of western armament. During the next half treaty rights aroused the world. century Japan was modernized so Japan defiantly resigned from the successfully that the Japanese vic- League of Nations in 1933, when troutories over China in 1894, and Russia ble in the truce area of China was again the occasion for battling. in lM.i were swift and conclusive. Before the Twentieth century Ja- pans imperial ambitions were re- 7 Dec. General MacArthur 0 starts battle of Manila. Dec. 25 Japanese take Wake. Hong Kong falls. Dec. 26 Japs bomb Manila, despite fact it was declared open city. AL JEDLICKA By Forty years after its armies marched into Korea to establish a foothold on the Asiatic mainland, Japan's course of imperial conquest came to a dramatic end on the evening of August 14 with the unqualified acceptance of the Potsdam declaration subscribed to by the U. S., Britain, China and Russia. Announced to an anxious nation by President Harry S. Truman, the Jap surrender came three years, eight months and one week after the attack on Pearl Harbor. With the Allied powers consenting to his retention on the throne to assure the surrender of Japanese armies scattered throughout Asia and the submission of the homeland to the stiff terms imposed, Emperor Hirohito ordered the nation to lay down its arms as the Tokyo radio reported thousands of downcast subjects bowed in grief before the gate's of the imperial palace lamenting their defeat. Enliven Your Kitcher Labor Costs Reduced and Farm Efficiency Greatly Increased With Improved Mechanical Developments 1942 Jan. 2 Manila surrenders, forces flee to Bataan. Feb. 15 Singapore falls. Mar. 17 General MacArthur lands in Australia to lead Allied forces. April 9 U. S. troops on Bataan surrender. Aug. 7 V. S. marines Guadalcanal. land on 1943 ' Allies land on New 5 Sept. Guinea. Nov. 2 gainville. U. S. marines invade Bou- 1944 Jan. 29 U. S. lands troops in Marshall islands. June 10 Marines invade Saipan. July J9 U. S. forces land on Guam. Oct. 17 Invasion of Leyte on Philippines gets under way. 1945 Jan. Farm Equipment Has Now Mechanized Farm Work, Now No Brother to an Ox. By George L. Gillette Editor's Note: George L. Gillette is president oj the Farm Equipment Institute and has long been active in the manufacture and distribution oj farm machinery and equipment. long way Agriculture has come since the days when the forked stick, the scythe and the flail were the rule rather than the exception, but it was not until the advent of farm machinery, a little more than a century ago, that agricultural practices made any real progress. Even in the early 19th century the methods used by the fellaheen of ancient Egypt were still followed, even in many of the more advanced countries. And then in the space of 50 years, agriculture made greater strides than in the preceding 50 centuries. With the coming of the plow, the reaper and the other earlier types of farm machines, farming, though not an easy life. LIFE OF MACHINERY The life of farm machinery can be greatly extended as proven by tests conducted at the Univerand sity of Missouri. Corrosion lack of care of unhoused farm machinery cut its life in half, and added to the upkeep cost A record on a few of the implements; Life Housed Unhoused Equipment Walking plows 20 years 15 years Gang plows . . .20 years 10 years Com planters. 8 years 4 years Cultivators ...20 years 8 years 12 years 7 years Mowers 12 years 5 years Binders 24 years 19 years Wagons Disk harrows.. 15 years 8 years the Great Plains areas of the United States, expenditure of less than 10 minutes of man labor per bushel is not unknown when modem methods and machines are used. In other crops, the story is similar and, because of such methods and the marvels of present day equipment, it has been possible for the farmers of the Americas, Great Britain, or others of the United Nations to maintain or expand their production Invasion of Luzon started 10 by Yanks. Jan. 30 U. S. landings north of Bataan seal peninsula. Feb. 4 American troops enter Manila. Feb. 15 U. S. first air raid on Tokyo. Feb. 17 Marines invade Iwojima. Army lands on Corregidor. Feb. 26 Philippine commonwealth returned to Filipino people. Mar. 17 Iwo Jima captured with marine casualties of J 9,938. April 1 Invasion of Okinawa started by 100,000 troops. May 24 550 superforts firebomb Tokyo. May 27 Chinese capture June 12 Australian troops invade - , Okinawa campaign sucJune cessfully ends. Aparri captured by Yanks. June 28 Luzon declared completely liberated. July 2 Australians landed at , - , V, , 21 July 17 British warships join 3rd fleet. July 24 U. S. 3rd fleet success- V. S. fully attacked Japan's greatest naval base on Kure, Honshu islands. bottle up Japan Aug. with mines. Aug. 4 MacArthur takes over command of Ryukyus. Aug. 6 Atomic bomb destroys most of Hiroshima. Aug. 7 Superfortresses hit naval arsenal. Aug. 8 Russia declares war on Japan. Aug. 10 Japan asks for peace terms. Aug. 14. Japs accept unconditional surrender terms. 3-- B-29s a EMPEROR: His Background meaning enlightenment and peace, to describe his reign. Many political experts believe that personally Hirohito wanted peace, but as the puppet of the military clique had to go along with their designs. Actually he wields little real power. His actual reign began in 1921, then as prince regent he ruled in his fathers stead. He was married in 1924 and is the father of one son and three daughters. RECONVERSION: Next Job With World War II finished, and the nation's great armament production due to be slashed, interest mounted in the governments for switching industry program back to a peacetime basis and providing continued high employment. Shortly before the cessation of hostilities, President Truman called in War Production Board Chieftain Krug to go over plans for speeding up reconversion to prevent a large-scal- e rupture of the countrys economy after V-- J day. At the meeting, it was determined that the WPB was to conduct a vigorous drive for the expansion of production of materials in short supply to meet all demands; limit manufacture of articles requiring scarce materials; establish effective control over material stockpiles to prevent speculative hoarding that would endanger the stabilization program; provide priority assistance to break bottlenecks that might impede the switch back to civilian goods, and allocate scarce materials for lower priced articles to keep costs down. with r ... v.X ... Flow used on Gen. George Washingtons plantation In Virginia. Has wood moldboard, wood standard, no landside. Flat iron share and iron coulter. certainly became more attractive than it was to Millets Man With the Hoe." With the development of other types of equipment, which have followed In rapid succession, agricultures progress has steadily continued. No longer does the tiller of the soil fit the poets description of stolid and stunned, a brother to the ox. No longer does the plowman homeward plod his weary way. He rides. The horse-draw- n cultivator and grain binder have given way in many areas to the tractor, cultivator and the combine. Harvesting of the com crop is now performed in ever increasing measure by the tractor-operate- d cotton costs are being reduced by the mechanical cotton picker; the primitive pump is succeeded by the electrically - operated water system; hand milking by machine milking. The heretofore laborious job of making hay is becoming less of a backbreaking chore through the newer machines for harvesting and storsuch ing of this important crop as power mowers, rakes, pick-u- p balers, forage harvesters. And so it goes each step an improvement over the old; less labor in growing and harvesting of food and feed crops; in livestock raising; in horticulture or dairying. In every branch of agriculture, the story is the same; increased efficiency through use of the machine; reduced effort on the part of the operator; more time for the better things of life, impossible of attainment in former times when the days were not long enough even to perform the single job of raising the food for the family. In discussing the part which modem farm equipment plays in saving time and labor for toe farmer, we are apt to overlook some of the Important services which it renders in toe job of t food production. Modem farm equipment has done more than any other one thing to neutralize weather hazards. It enables the farmer to both control and shorten his crop handling time, thus increasing the amount of work that can be done in the hours of sunshine allotted to him; weed control and eradication can be adapted to individual weeds; controlled plowing depths do much to bury such insect pests as toe com borer, Hessian fly and toe boll weevil; quick and positive erosion control is made possible through modern, mechanized farm equipment All of these tend to increase acre yields and, in many cases, save entire crops. Cost Per Unit Decreased. One hundred years ago, with tools then available, it required several days of man labor to grow and harvest an acre of wheat. Today, in corn-picke- with Their authority the overthrow of the military governors in 1868, the Japanese emperors, supposedly descended from the sun goddess, have exercised their mythical power for the unification of the country to facilitate its imperial development. With the overthrow of the shogun-at- e shortly after Admiral Perry opened the door of Japan to the outside world, the simple island people. previously owing strict allegiance to the military clan, easily transferred their blind obedience to the mikado. The present mikado, Hirohito, is a puny, nearsighted man of 44. He is called the 124th emperor of Japan by the Japanese court authorities. When he ascended the throne in 1926, he chose the word Showa, BRIGHT little canary 6 of food in toe war period, despite reduction of workers on toe land. Without toe aid of such labor and g machines, there is little doubt that toe millions of men in toe armed services and toe many millions more at home would have long since faced serious food crises that might have jeopardized the outcome of this world struggle. It is true that thousands of persons in war-tor- n countries, cut off from normal food supplies, have perished, and that in areas where the population still depends upon primitive agricultural methods, starvation is not time-savin- are the other colors needed. For years toe farm equipment dealers, manufacturers, Industry have been and trade publications active advocates of soil and water conservation and Improvement of soil fertility. One-cro- p farms, especially where tobacco, cotton and com were toe cash crops, began bringing home to them the fact that toe nations wealth was leaching down toe hillsides and into toe streams that carried it to the ocean. Such lands were rapidly passing out of production, ceasing to pay taxes and to support prosperous farm families and communities. Villages, even counties, faded with toe farms as they wore out. To awaken toe nation to toe consequences of this trend, if not counteracted, the industry long has laid stress upon toe long-pubenefits of soil conservation and the part that farmers can play in the program by using the tools already on the farms, and available for soil conservation efforts. Contour farming, terracing and crop rotations in toe United States go back to Thomas Jeffersons work in Virginia well over a century ago. Writing in toe American Farmer in of the United 1821, the States, in a signed article, answered To obtain six transfer designs for th. Canary Towels (Pattern No. 5244) cote chart for working. Illustrations of stitches used, send 16 cents in coin, your name, address and the pattern number. Send your order to: SEWING CIRCLE NEEDLEWORK Mission St., San Francisco, Calit Enclose 16 cents for Pattern Th 70S (he i such No- - bed Nam. Bed Address. are i mori vesti lywo shad MAKE to at sorvi more At horn Any flavor Dliciout-Smo- oth No ico crystals -- No cooking -- Nor No scorched whipping 20 recipes in each 154 pkg. Please tend this od for free full tixe torn from your grocer. or offer boy pie eymi prod unde sian L0tlD0iT0CRR9 Brond Homemade Ice Crlm costl Cream derm STABILIZER 10NOSHDESS- 835 prett SIN FR&NCISC03. M0WUD. ri A ICE CREAM ll tioni: CALS. radic and r; SNAPPY FACTS swan whic: afaufr squa taxes - RUBBER Tt Tim np.oit sag, 1 ,417,000 airplane tires weie more built in 1944-7- 33 thaa ware produced in 1941. Carbon black Is a pigment which, when mixed with rubber, reinforces the molecules of rubber similar to the way ia slag or pebbles are used Is the It concrete. reinforcing third most Important material that goes into a tire. . Shortages of carbon blade, tiles and wire ore largely responsible for the present critical shorfeet of tage of tires. Over 125 steel wire are used in the constru- Facsimile of original McCormick reaper, which proved one of agricultures most important machinery developments. uncommon. But such disasters serve to underline the importance of substituting improved food producing equipment for the hand tools of the ancients. Man can get aioBg without many things, but not without food or the means of producing it. With the wider distribution of present-da- y equipment and toe new, even more efficient machine tools of agriculture to be available after the war, is it too much to hope that toe scourge of famine may be stamped out entirely? In any event, toe manufacturers of farm equipment can be relied upon to do their utmost toward that end. In toe meantime, they are continuing to produce both for civilians and military purposes. Doing Big War Job. Their factories have been turning out immense quantities of munitions and material for use on land, sea and air, and they will continue to do so as long as the emergency requires. They have produced more repair parts in toe last several years REPAIR FOR 1946 is always easier, costs less and takes less time to prevent a farm It Original John Deere Steel Plow. jj. livens any kitchen. Use these 6 transfer designs on tea by towels, on cottage curtains on the corners of a breakfast or luncheon cloth. Besides yellow for the canary, red, green and blue Modern Machine Farmer Builds Up for Prosperity Nan-nin- Borneo. than at any time in their history, to make sure that machines already on the farms will continue to function. They have manufactured as availmany complete machines as able materials, manpower and governmental restrictions would permit and have maintained throughout this which period toe high standards for American farm machinery is noted throughout toe world. Products of the farm equipment industry have always been sturdily built to take the beating farm work demands; some idea of their sturdy construction is indicated by the orders for rerepair and replacement parts, for ceived by manufacturers, machines 30 and even 40 years Today, still operating. old, equipment going into the hands of the farmer is better engineered than ever. Knowing something of the men who design and manufacture these farm machines, I am convinced that the products for the postwar era will be even better. The history of toe farm equipment industry has been one of continuous progress and of service te agriculture. I am confident that this record will be even brighter in toe years ahead. machinery breakdown than to fix one. According to present indications, toe farmers of 1946 will be utilizing toe same prewar machinery that they operated in 1944. Every farm should have a comfortable work shop, where all machinery can be placed under shelter and gone over on rainy days for the long winter months ahead. As equipment finishes its job, it should be cleaned and put away. inquiries from readers of that pioneer publication as to contour farming and about the plow he used on his Virginia farm. But Jeffersons efforts to teach toe pioneer American farmer to build a permanent agriculture, and with it community and national prosperity; were soon forgotten in the rush to virgin lands that opened up to settlers as the Louisiana Purchase and other territorial acquisitions beckoned young farmers toward toe and the Pacific. While good farmers on their own initiative followed conservation practices, comparatively little was done in an organized manner until toe United States department of agriculture in the 20s began taking active notice of the erosion of top soil on cultivated lands; set up -control experiment stations and instituted an intensive study of soil erosion. In 1935 toe Soil Conserva-tio- n service was established and by the middle of last year, 45 of states had soil conservation thedis- ction of an passenger average-siz- e 1,114 8nd facing acres. Being vitally interested in this effort long before there was an conservation program, toe industry naturally got behind and co. operated with the United States gov- mer solTh! landhclping the problems when the program was inaugu-rateThrough personal effort; ir toeir advertisements, and booklets Jf SU,1?Jcct farm equipment com- anS rePresentotive3 dealers tld made MPM tQ suggestions the amer feruhty, water capacity venting the loss of soils. W rice hi sou ir ito st said fay o: either Mattea ioesnl mprol collar thi y shose seep j day. simisn Boll; rides c da nc rible ; aillior every t h tl love tc stop KEGoodrich movie; insists educat tnd p crew put in light s sec 14 Com erosion- S)C?qM,ing call :ut car tire. son-in-la- mid-We- shed 'a s trou tious rather You CAN relieve world out w fun w ATHLETES aroun that, e ed FOOT 80.696 f V clmicsl nrovcnient sfter ojw showed 10 days eresto' wi,h SoaaroM Impartial. tifictest d. SORETONE cl Fre cham Stor Pvt. capta he's i and more, sick, up Made ky McKesson (Robbins Self nrlth nensr-bscimnstee O 50 and H.00 a daugh Since public iame aiiot |