OCR Text |
Show UTAH EMERY COUNTY PROGRESS. CASTLE DALE. Halftracks, Flamethrowers, Be Used in Peacetime to Battle Forest Fires IxttsrifflKggnx ipftgs&frl Parachutes, Jeeps, ij Plan Just and Speedy to combat it, and plenty of oxygen make it burn freely. does get Thus, if the original fire out of control of the first paratrooptoo big ers to reach it, and proves also, it reinforcements for the first wave is almost certain that the third forces and ground of paratroopers and will resort to building backfires maximum the as trenches digging and effort to check it. Bulldozers e Methods Devised for War Are Being Adapted to Save Timber Resources Trials for Nazi Bigwigs to Handle Cases of High Leaders; Local Officials to Prosecute Allied Commission Minor Offenders. The swords of war become the plowshares of peace, and this time Mars has some will weapons that are going to a large part of the digging jo come in mighty handy in the and extinMen with never ending battle against backfires. the handle will guishers forest fires. Some very logical Other men with will clear the path of s questions are being asked toof the bulldozers and day: Why not use over. bowl to them on to bombs trees too big for drop America has a big stake in forest forest fires? Why not use lands. Forest operators are seeing bombers, equipped with preto it that our trees continue to grow, cision sights, to aim these but they know that fire is the biggest bombs? Why not use fireto growth. They need weapmenace fighting parachute troops to which to fight fires, and with ons soon as a forest ranger spots war prodrop behind enemy lines or a As fire he radios for the flying fire- they expect those that this to transport to fire regions difto keep a better conwill vides help is Here smoke a fighters. jumper ficult to negotiate by land? in trol over this persistent enemy. a feather bed plow-equipp- By BAUKIIAGE meet the greatest challenge it has ever faced. ' The Moscow declaration, published November 1, 1943, and signed by President Roosevelt, Prim Minister Churchill and Premier Stalin, declares that those German officers and men and members of the Nazi party who are responsible for or who have taken a consenting part in atrocities, evidence of which has been received from authoritative quarters in many countries, will be tried, Judged and punished according to the laws of those countries. This same declaration also declares in its final paragraph that major criminals whose offenses have no particular geographical localization will be tried and dealt with by "joint decision of the Governments of the Allies. That is where the United States and the challenge of its legal profession comes in. The body which will try these blg shots is an international military tribunal, to be designated by an official title, probably by the time these lines are printed, and it is before this court that a member of the Supreme court of the United States, Associate Justice Robert H. Jack-sochosen as American chief of counsel, will appear as prosecutor. He will act jointly, it is presumed, with the counsels of the United Kingdom and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. n, Legal Body Without Precedent ' Never flame-throwe- This rules out the persons brought back to the scene of their crimes, the trials of spies and saboteurs which are coming up daily, offenses against American nationals or against Germans, or individual acts of persecution against Jews or In other words, Jackson is after big game and he will not be content to fiddle with minor offenses even if committed by major criminals. His job will be to nail those leaders who are responsible for engineering the whole general criminality of the program. The smaller fry will be taken care of by other legal authorities at the scene of the individual crimes or elsewhere. Nazi-Fasci- st Jackson Verted At Prosecutor Justice Jacksons reputation and his record are a pretty good guarantee that he will not be stumped by any hurdles that international lawyers might try to put in his way. But that does not mean he will railroad the accused. He will not let the trials sink below a dignified judicial level. They must be, he says, trials In fact, not merely trials in name, to ratify a predeterOn the other hand, mined result. he does not believe that every step must be taken in accordance with technical common law rules of His record shows that he proof. is a direct actionist he can be expected to pull no punches. I said this was the greatest challenge the legal profession had ever faced. I said that because upon the manner in which these trials are conducted will depend just how clearly Naziism will be revealed to the people of the world in its true light. These criminals must convict themselves and their philosophies out of their own mouths. They must not be allowed to stand before the world with their testimony and that of their accusers as a background, as martyrs to what Jackson himself calls farcical judicial trials which rationalize previously settled opinions. This would destroy the confidence of the people in the whole case for democracy, he believes. Nor must the case against them be presented in such a manner as might give even the skeptical a false suggestion that the enemies of democracy have a vestige of right on their side. The small but efficient staff which Justice Jackson has selected is worth looking over. t There is Maj. Gen, William Donovan, colorful World War I hero and successful lawyer, now head of the OSS; Sydney Alderman, a distinguished trial lawyer and general solicitor of the Southern Railway; Francis Shea, assistant attorney general and well versed in complicated litigations; Naval Lts. James Donovan and Gordon Dean. Donovan is general counsel of the OSS. Dean, a former assistant attorney general under Jackson when he was head of the department of justice, is a brilliant and successful lawyer who is being transferred from active duty by the navy for the job. in history has such a legal body been convened. Never has such task as the one it has before it been of such potential significance to g of the social and political the peoples of the earth never, at least, since the day of a certain Roman procurator of Judea in Palestine. Pontius Pilate was unable to face his responsibility, and finding that he could prevail nothing, but rather that a tumult was made, he took water, and washed his hands. The United States does not Intend to wash its hands of the responsibility before it. There seems to be a welter of confusion as to just what the function of this military tribunal is; as to just what, if any, policy has been established by the Office of the Chief Counsel for the Prosecution of Axis Criminality, which is the title on the letterhead before me. The permanent address of this office is, at this writing, a little uncertain, but it can be reached care of the Pentagon in Washington. Soon it will establish foreign headquarters. Despite the confusion, this institution has a definite policy and I shall interpret it informally hereunder: (1) We shall avoid the laws delay which so annoyed Hamlet My reason for this assumption is the fact that Justice Jackson did not retire from the Supreme court. The fall term of the court begins in October. Already he has made one PonThere are no trip to Europe for the purpose-otius Pilates among them. rounding up key witnesses and documents and is now beginning final preparation for the prosecution. His The rise in income payments to staff has been assembled for several weeks and he has coordinated the individuals in the United States from other government agencies interest- an annual figure of $66,168,000,000 in the prewar year of 1938 to a record ed in war crimes (war department, navy department. Office of Stratehigh total of $156,794,000,000 in 1944 gic Services, and others). Authority was extended during the first quarter of 1945, according to the Alexfor this action is vested in Executive Order 9547 of May 2, 1945, which ander Hamilton Institute. Income named Justice Jackson as Amer- payments during the first three months amounted to $39,825,000,000 ican prosecutor. Jackson himself said when he was this year as against $37,726,000,000 There will be no delay last year, an Increase of 5.6 per cent. appointed: on the part of the United States, and Income from every source showed expansion. Salaries and wages rose we think undue delay is itself a failfrom $27,357,000,000 to $28,628,000,000, ure. (2) There is no confusion as to an increase of 4.6 per cent, while United States policy with respect to dividends and interest rose from the type of offender to be tried. Many $2,454,000,000 to $2,770,000,000, an inindividual cases have already been crease of 12.9 per cent. Although spending by consumers prepared, though not yet announced. As I mentioned earlier, what the was at a record high rate during United States is concerned with is the first quarter, it is evident from the big shots, that is Jacksons job preliminary information that conto try the men whose offenses are sumers income exceeded spending broader than those committed in and by an amount sufficient not only to against members of any single meet taxes but to add to consumers community. To put it broadly, those wartime savings, thus increasing the charged with crimes against human- threat of inflation when peace ity as a whole. well-bein- ... f BARBS gasoline-powere- by au kh age The government has sold the camp In New Jersey seized from the Bund. It will be made into a boys camp not a concentration camp. Field Marshal Mannerheim, commander of the Finns in their wars with Russia, congratulated Stalin on his victory over Germany in 73 words. Stalin replied in 19. Some German business men asked the American military overnor of one of their cities how o make out an application for a loan o rebuild the town. The British Broadcasting company says it has proved during the war that telling the truth can be more effective than calculated lying. Maybe Goebbcls was wrong after all. d chain-saw- half-track- The man who is expected to take charge of this program is David Godwin, a veteran of the forest service, who has been active in anti-fir- e experimental work for a number of years. Godwin already has investigated forthe possibility of est fires, using bombs which in reality were exploding fire extinguishers. That, however, was a number of years ago, and didnt meet with much success. It was difficult, the experimenters found, to hit the exact spot where the would do the most good, and there was difficulty in covering a sufficiently large area. Aviation enthusiasts, however, are counting upon effective bomb-sigand other precision instruments to change this situation. As an alternative, they believe there may be great possibilities in the use of helicopters. No doubt a fleet of bombing planes could be used to advantage in blasting a fire out of a forest, especially with ground support from a paratrooper battalion. The use of parachute-droppe- d troops to fight forest fires was first tried a few years ago, and they have been seeing action in this capacity ever since. But there never has been enough of them to combat a really big fire. This number can be expanded greatly after the war, and the wartime training of paratroop combat units can bring about the organization of a formidable firefighting force. 'Jeep Will Be Fire Engine. When it comes to post-wa- r techniques in forest fire fighting, however, it may be not only the use of waves of bombing planes, and parachute troops to augment the present acforces. The ubiquitous jeep customed to the jungle trails of New Guinea and the difficult terrain of Africa and Italy is already recommended by professional foresters as highly suitable for service as a miniature fire engine. Likewise, the walkie-talki- e radio unquestionably will be used by the thousands to keep in contact between fire chiefs, their crewmen, aviation spotters, pilots and paratroopers overhead. which combine automobile speeds with tank and tractor ability to negotiate swamps and rugged land, can serve efficiently as big brother to the jeeps, and for use as bulldozers to scrape fire trail barriers to the progress of flames. Bulldozers already are essential firefighting equipment. Even developed by the chemical warfare service may be called upon for building back dive-bombin- g rs Half-tracks- flame-throwe- hand-washin- g B mech-aniz- s . News Analyst and Commentator. WNU Service, Union Trust Building, Washington, D. C. The legal profession is about to half-track- landing making the tops of a young coniferous growth. fires, burning out areas in the path of spreading flames. Accompanying them would be men with fire extinguishers, to guard against the back fires getting out of control. The paratrooper, however, will doubtless have a glory and a duty all his own. His greatest service will come from the fact that he can get there first. Once a watcher from a or from a patrolling plane spots smoke, it need be only a few minutes until a paratrooper can land within 50 or 100 yards of the blaze, and by getting there while the fire is just starting, he will be able in many cases to extinguish it without additional help. Paratroopers by Hundred. But when long periods of dryness have rendered the forests highly inflammable and fires spread quickly, a radio summons from the spotters can bring reinforcements in a hurry. A single big plane may bring a score or more paratroopers; a dozen planes could bring them by the hundreds. With their faces protected by plastic masks, heads covered with padded helmets, and bodies covered with fabrics, to spare them injuries in case of tree-to- p landings; and with coils of rope handy for quick descent from the trees, the paratroopers can reach a fire many precious minutes sooner than men on trucks or horseback can generally arrive. Portable devices that are strapped to a mans back are already standard forest equipment suitable for the paratroopers. Somes times these are with a small tank of water. An alternative device uses water but builds the pressure behind it with carbon dioxide, either in its liquid form or in the form of dry ice.Some portable extinguishers use carbon dioxide itself to play upon the fires. It snuffs them out by driving away the oxygen. Extinguishers of greater capacity and other supplies will be attached to parachutes and dropped from other planes. Meantime, the jeeps and halftracks, trucks and bulldozers will be moving up with other reinforcements and supplies. They may bring the flame throwers to build back fires, if necessary. Theyll bring long lines of hose find pumps, powered by motors which are twins to those used on rowboats. With the high pressure equipment, theyll be able to combat fires in snags, dead trees which are an especial menace because they tend to carry ground fires upward to the tops of other trees. Ground Reinforcements. When a forest fire goes into the tree tops it is about as difficult to check as any fire can possibly be. In an old forest a crown fire may be as high above ground as the 15th story of a skyscraper with no automatic sprinkler system to help fire-tow- non-rippi- hand-pump- high-pressu- After landing the smoke jumper unstraps his parachute and goes to work with his portable fire extinguisher. He carries other tools such as axes and spades. The heavier equipment can be dropped by par chutl when necessary. s tough forest fire is a terrible enemy to combat. It sometimes attacks on a front from one to more than twenty miles in width. It can sween forward at a speed to overtake a man on horseback. It develops a heat that can ignite a stump more than 100 yards removed from any flames. It stirs air currents to the speed of a tornado. The great forest fires, the ones we read about, are the more spectacular and do terrific damage but there are 10,000 times as many little fires, which we seldom hear about, and the sum total of their damage is the greater of the two. Anyhow, every big fire was little when It start- ed. Who starts them? The public accounts for approximately 98 per cent of all forest fires, according to the official records of the forest service, careless tossing of burning matches or tobacco is described ns the most frequent cause. Incendi-arist- s people who start fires for a Notes of a idWW BfVl I srSois 2 Dimitroff in Dimitroff for fire. And cuting .Meyer, in part. )0U hiliP rigt part, a ralso todayM greatest contributions to the burning of Japan are the and a new, still somewhat mysteriknown as the "goop ous Just how the goop bomb bomb. The two B-2- y iVettij Telegram; 9 wonderful? York City. -- Ral h . h got its name isnt known. However, its the most terrible fire spreader in the world. Part of its secret is an oily mush developed by petro- ty 4(1 5cand Don- On Land or Sea, Navy P. 0. Gets Mail Delivered fire-fighti- n France. .Correspondents refer to Secretary of State Stettinius as thrill or for malice-ra- nk "Junior. second . Wives of some Approximately 61,000 men are conference delegates are having a field kept constantly subject to fire day buying fight ing duty today. Of these, some 52 fn?'htS' ' 0ne woman marched 500 are responsible to hat section of a department state forest ore grabbed up 40 ers and administrators of chapeaux wit-oprivate even trying them all on. ly owned timberlunds. and abou C. The navy 9.000 are members of department has done a the federn land administrative agencies which bang up job convincing delegates of America s military include the forest service in might. . . . The of their efforts, however, navy takes delegates on fire oVinu blimp rides, oa rides, ally destroys as much as 800 000 Ob and airplane tours of West coast cubic feet of timber. navy installations show- te, iAmeriCa' Lif A Russian delegate Conference was in China (for con- tion then in I ah oadv. fire-bom- b leum chemists. This makes the tents of the bombs stick in gluelike gobs to anything it hits, making it almost impossible for Japanese fire fighters to scrape it loose. However, what really made the bomb the most terrible In the world was experiments carried out by some of Henry Kaisers West coast scientists. They found Kaiser had a surplus of magnefast burning, white-ho- t sium production on his hands, and they also knew one of the greatest difficulties in making magnesium is its high explosive content. So they experimented with mixing magnesium dust in the oil of the bomb. This magnesium dust lights up In System of 5,000 Branches a searing blaze as soon as it comes Reaches Remotest Islands In contact with air. Result is the hottest fire ever known. Most important effect of the goop One of the most gigantic wartime tasks confronting postal men bomb is that no known is delivering mail to mobile units equipment can douse its flames. Waof the fleet The mounting tempo of ter only adds to the blaze; as do operations In the last year means any of the other specialized firenot only that greater distances must fighting chemicals. All the Japs do be spanned to effect delivery but now against the goop bomb is to that a greater number of men are try to confine the area in which it involved in combat activities inburns, not put it out. creasing all classes of mail to an This is one reason for increasunprecedented volume. ing optimism about an early end During March, 1945, 86,132,623 of the Jap war. pieces of letter mail passed through Fleet Post Office, San Francisco CONTINUED CENSORSHIP to navy, marine and coast guard perWith the European war over, evsonnel in the Pacific. In March, to 1944, there were 36,686,937 pieces of eryone expected press censorship howease In some up. respects, to the Pacific letter mail dispatched ever, especially in the Pacific, it is showing clearly that the mail volgetting tougher. cent 100 well over ume increased per Not only are newspapers barred in one year. It is expected that it from even speculating regarding will rise even farther. The nerve center of the navy mail certain international phases of the service is in the navy department, Pacific war, but the navy for some Washington, D. C. Here, ship and weird reason hushed up the bombing plane movements are traced and of the airplane carrier Franklin communicated daily to the fleet post from April 26, when she got to New Inoffices by wire and airmail. York, to May 17, when the disaster finally was announced. There formation on ship and plane movements come in from all over the were obvious reasons for keeping the news quiet while the ship was en. world by radio, letter and messenroute through the Panama canaL ger. Throughout the world, there are But once it passed the canal and over 5,000 navy post offices, varying was safely tied up in New York, all greatly in' size and appearance danger was past, however, the navy some within the United States but still invoked censorship. the vast majority are on board ship or at advanced bases or on captured AMERICAS NO. ONE HEEL and liberated islands. The large ones Former OPA Administrator Leon serving the mobile units are desigHenderson is a sad man these days. nated as fleet post offices. Every time he picks up the newsWhat Navy Men Want. papers, he reads story after story Extensive surveys show that navy, telling how Washington has given coast guard and marine corps per- some manufacturer permission to sonnel overseas above all want letproduce again. ters letters giving local news and Henderson recalls how he gained telling of things done and things the reputation of being "Americas obwant Secondly, they planned. No. 1 heel, by cutting down the jects with a personal sentimental American civilian consumption to alas such appeal photographs, snapshots, drawings made by their most zero. If I could only change all that, youngsters, and newspaper clippings that can be enclosed in these letters. moans Henderson. If the President Such surveys also show that they would only give me a job for one positively know what they dont week just one short week in which want They dont want cakes, soft I could give the people back some candies, cookies, cigarettes and fan- of the things I took away from them. cy toilet kits. These foods do not Then folks wouldnt think Im such survive the trip to the Pacific and a bad guy after all. arrive in a battered, moldy condition. DIPLOMATIC CHAFF To make sure your package stL South Africas rives in good condition, the follow- Christian Smuts prime minister Jan seldom speaks but ing suggestions are outlined: when he does, every one listens. 1. Use a strong container (speC. Jan Masaryk, Czechoslovakias cial boxes are designed for this foreign minister, has been the most purpose). effective in conciliating 2. Pack each article In shredRussian-westerdifferences. ded paper or some filler material CSen. Glenn Taylor of Idaho has to prevent movement inside the used only five gallons of package. gas since 3. Inside each package put a arriving in Washington an example which could be emulated sheet of paper with a list of the by a lot of other bigwigs. contents and the full address of the person to whom it is sent C. Secret service is on the trail of a plus your return address. counterfeiting ring which has cir4. Tie the box with culated hundreds of thousands of cord, then WRAP it in heavy paper and tie spurious one dollar bills. . . . They it with strong cord. all bear the same serial number, 5. PRINT the address in ink are considered one of the cleverest directly on the wrapping; dont jobs recently pulled. use gummed labels which fall C One reason General Eisenhower off when they are subjected to and his staff have been so moisture. upset about congressmen visiting the batExperience has shown that a man tle zones is that when the Germans overseas places a far higher value counterattacked last December, the on a letter from home than a packNazis sent a powerful paratroop age of candy, or a long delayed force to take the little town newspaper. Because of the great of Cernay. Had they landed one morale factor, the navy delivers first class mail to' the far Pacific as ex- week earlier to the hour, they would have captured the entire house peditiously as possible. military affairs committee delega- Host of Small Fires Do More Damage Than the Few Great Ones A Washington, D. C. GOOP BOMBS HIT JAPAN The inside story WASHINGTON. of how the army and navy are burning up Japans main cities, block by block, may now be revealed at least goers, aria pemWi' 1st) before Chiang? signed his premiership. But why, asked so hard estwL bth the ChungS w? shes etrich in hei in Communist guerrilla fotc destroy the Japanese" Perhaps it is best saying that It U an old Chlang to fight the Cop, replied the delegate, amn such love for ancient S that he will not look at moon, out of respect foj shNot with Pr one. British soldiers who t. capture of Lord Haw Hail the English equivalent of ft cheer. One yelled derisfoM take a look at Lord Ha man who brayed like g f Another Tommy fln j,standing at ease) That reminds me of fi the donkey-car- t driven hi went on strike. They sent ( tion to 10 Downing street, man who was spokesman tft nle: Were going to stay tf until you do something ak fellow In Berlin, named Ik Haw. Our donkeys have txc ing to his broadcasts, k every jackass thinks ha ca radio commentator!" 1 1 1 1 : According to the gossip, Joe Davies' ffyingtdp Churchill was for the the has soft-pedali- teria which anti-So- been from the line in recent weeks. Capital co have dug deep into b London-Washii- what-fo- basket. In r ighte a between two Administratis tors, one remarked: "I doubt vies will be as successtt Churchill as he hai tea Uncle Joe. " Dont worry," eomsdk other. "Davies is a wist nil man. Trouble with most! diplomats is that we appohl to avert situations which of er occur If they weren't on mats in the first place. When about to bury lolly H :r st aulf Ki erfil Susi Dked d t Hun H to : Its said that a Britt assigned to the job spccti Ironic vein: Dont sergeant, that we oW some touching tribute k k, ceased? Yes, indeed, mosdkj 1 will now sajsl kick. words, and he begai: Lord, we are now deliwrk, at which potaih to yon topped by one of k I mies, who spat and oM:' get bn underground, awful! She Jl pui Jar are to tl The e on e :rs. lid . stai ; ual an which the aergeod What do jw toned: from a skunk perfume! To Jail as ier of The Love Letters s' lie In a broadcast from W the other day (heard by Mikadomei News Agent? for k praises on Joe Stalin erful leadership based ov iam, which "finally far danger of defeat the the one facing E. ee b ; a to tes jol to Chi present." cart When the Item was was it Rusnian press, some ironic comment to - earth Muscovites, beard was overheard to . When the fox begins him rooster, and tells bird, the rooster feady to fly for bis cn tes real tes em J bafl life- his h pa' J . Out of a long, wrote Abraham Lincoln , fences which all well to study: IK i- iau much less answer, all and me of made me, leveled against f have to be closed I best ness. I do the l very best I cam to down on doing this, me w If the end brings 10 angels swearing then mak out right would the end brings aa then what is to aw not amount It's the latest si silly al ! SI F a It! ect Jui W1 nt ;est a. will its - !r! DD. rw "i ir, ke! d .t, A subway strap-banhi The ing long and affc t t who was sitting Ol being was who re, u trapte uncomfortable the stare. Finally. "cUse ml -- i du PV f You must you so hadhjUyou said: at for the exactly like my havent The fl. w til.! do got a m0USwcret strap-hange- but my r wife has. He ItU E. |