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Show TACIT E AMERICAN. LOGAN. UTAH W all Paper Stocks Come Back EXPEDITION FINDS TOMB OF SEN-MUT $2 HERALDS OF FREEDOM SSES I -- Discovery of an 18th Dynasty Grave la Important. Cairn New' i TIM' family t.u r iiisr ground nt Munil-ccllV,i., Mauds a .(mo : laoli Is ctiaa upon Here Hi'S burled '1 In. mas J. 'tiers, n, Aiitlinr of tin X Jcffi-rsiii- last, und tin tire,ad of lnur rectum . . . are cause sulltclent l dtive an oppressed people to arms We, Inhabit, tills of S.mih Carolina . . . thoroughly convinced that tin dor our present distressed we slut!! lie Justified before God anti in.tii in resisting loroe hy force, do . . , associate as a Imml in iter defense against every foe; hereby solemnly engaging that, whenever our continental or provlis dal council slmll deem it necessary, we will go forth and lie ready to s.acrlllte our lives and fortune to secure Iter freedom and safety." In December, 377,7, tlie Knglisli . parliament passed prohibitory Act w hit'll forbade all nations to trade with America, and made ves sols so trading lawful prizes of war. It makes us independent In spite of our supplications and entreaties," exelulmed John Adams. In a land ripe for separation from tlie mother country were now sown seeds which would soon germinate into a widespread demand for Independence. Those seeds were the burning words of Thomas Paine, the Firebrand of the Revolution. of Indopcnd-ciirf- , of iln Statute of Virginia fur lieli.'liuis ami I'ut nf the I nlierity of Virginia." Nil Anieii.an would think nf ills puling any nf tlu, statements, fur the part w hi. h .lellei sun laved In w ruing the Inuunrtal ilncument whose nnnivciMiry we eelehrate on July 4 is tun Hell known to cast any ilunht on Ills rlslit to call himself the author'' of It, Of (uui'C, he h.nl the alii of Benjamin Franklin ami .Inhii Attains In prepartns that statement of the nmnss nhlih the American colonies had suflered at the hands nf their kins and nf their determination to he free and IndeJefferson's pendent states. draft of the l'edaratlon of Independence, Hhleh Is preserved In the Library of Conyress, shows a number of phrases marked out and new ones nrltten In with notations I'octor Franklin's on the inuryin: handwriting or Mr. Adams' hand-ruing." Not only was Thomas Jefferson the author of the Declaration of Independence in the fact of writlny It, but he was also the author In the spirit in which it was conceived. When Itlehard Henry Lee of Virginia on June 7, 177t, Introduced in the Continental consress his resolution declaring that these United Colonies are, and of riyrlit ousht to be, free and Independent states, be soon found that other delegates were rot yet ready to so so far as to sever tlie bonds of the colonies with the Mother Country. So Ids resolution was referred the next day to the consress, sittins as a committee of the whole, where It was vlsornusly debated. Lee, Samuel Adams, John Adams and espe- - circimi-stance- Free-il"t- In-- r . n On AUTOGRAPHS onies and that magic was being pendence w ritten. OF THE MECKLENBURG word indespoken und In Ierhaps the honor of being the Committee-man,- " general and organized government be established in the Province. It has often been pointed out that this declaration contains many of the ideas and gome of tlie very phrases and forms of expression afterwards used by Jefferson In tlie document w hich was adopted by tlie Continental congress a year inter. (Those phrases are printed in black- face t.vpe In the quotation above.) An explanation for that fact maybe found In the statement of John Spencer Bassett, one of the few recent historians who mentions the In ills Mecklenburg Declaration. "Short History of tlie United States, he says: A copy of these resolutions was sent to England, where it is preserved, and they were also printed in a Charleston newspaper. Tlie original was destroyed by tire, and being rewritten from memory survived in a form resembling the national Declaration of Independence. Many people hnve taken this paper, whose date, May 20, is supposed to he accounted for by the difference between new and old chronology, for tlie resolutions actually passed on May 31. This Mecklenburg Declaration of Independence' is nut supported hy reliable contemporary evidence, and is now rejected hy the best historians." In contrast to tills, however, Is this statement In Justin Windsors Narrative and Critical History of Men-de- h America: e I s It fins been strenuously claimed and denied that, nt a meeting of the people of Mecklenburg eourty In North Carolina, on Mav 20, 1777, resolutions were passed declaring their Independence of Great Britain. The facts in the case appear to be these: On ttie 31st of Mav, 1775, the people of tills county did pass resolutions quite abreast of the public sentiment of that time, but not venturing on the field of Independency further than to say that these resolutions were to remain in force til Great Britain resigned its pretentions. These resolutions were well written, attracted notice, and were copied in the leading newspapers of the colonies. North and South, and can be found in various later works. A copy of the South Carolina Gazette containing them was sent by Governor Wright of Georgia to Lord Dartmouth and was found by Bancroft In the State Paper Office, while in the Sparks manuscript is the record of a copy sent to the home government by Governor Martin of North Carolina with a letter s dated June 30, 1775. Of these there is no doubt. In 1703 or earlier, some of the actors in the proceeding, apparently ignorant that the record of these resolutions had been preserved in the newspapers, endeavored to supply them from memory, unconsciously intermingling some of the phraseology of the Declaration of July 4th In congress, which gave them the tone of a pronounced independency. Probably through another dimness of memory they affixed the date of These were May 20, 1775, to them. first printed In the Raleigh Register on April 30, 1819, They are found to resemble in some respects the now known resolves of May 31st, as well as the national Declaration of reso-tion- (1(132-1704- (1737-ISOi- r the character of a to Issue processes, hear and determine all matters of controversy, according to said adopted laws, and to preserve peace, union and harmony in said county; and to use every exertion to Bpread the love of country and lire of freedom throughout America, until a more first to utter it belongs to tlie citizens of Sheffield, Mass., who as early as January 12, 1773, proclaimed the grievances and rights of tlie colonies, among them the right of The citizens of In tlie same colony and In tlie same year, also passed resolutions containing three fundamental propositions of tlie Declaration of Independence itself: that all men have an equal right to life and liberty, that tills right is inalienable, and that government must originate in tlie free consent of tlie people. John Adams had been otnspoken in his advocacy of independence for more than a year before Lee introduced his resolution in congress and lie had avowed It In letters, In which tlie Itritisli Intercepted July, 1777, and printed in a Boston new spaper. However, If we accept a tradition which seems to have considerable basis of fact, ttien tlie first real Declaration of Independence was adopted In Mecklenburg comity, North Carolina, on May 31, 1775. According to tills story, news of the battles of Concord and Lexington readied this county while tlie militia GEORGE MASON companies were met for their regudally Jefferson, all of whom were lar muster. Thereupon tlie Metklen Scntch-Irisregarded as the "radicals of the liurg patriots, most of them these terians, passed Hut its Iresliy congress, urged adoption. the tnodeiates, led by Joint Dick- resolutions: ' ' '! n " inson of IV'UISI -i Resolved, That whosoever direetly tlie congress to postpone action for a or indirectly ahettid, or in any wav, or manner countenanced, the form, little u iiiii1. limn ui. me i.i ,i , unehartered and damiormis Invasion did prevail upon tlie congress to apof our rights, as cli lined by Great an a is to Rritam. a declaraenemy to this country, cninmittne draft point tion of Independence, lest any time to America, and to the Inherent and of Man. lie lost in case tlie congress agree to IniiMennlile right Resolved that we, the citizens of tlie resolution. Mei klenhui g county, do hereby disFour of tins committee Jeflerson, solve the iinlifienl hands whirl! hnve us to tile mother country, Franklin, John Adams and Itoger eonnerled and hereby absolve ourselves from Sherman Here ''radicals" and tlie nil nlleginm-to the Itrflish frown, moderates were represented on it nml nhinre nil (HI i i rn eonneetinn, or association with that Naby only one man, Robert Livingston rontr.u t, tion, who have wantonly tramplul of New York. Failv in their tlie committee assigned to Jefferson tin tusk ot piep.mng me draft of tlie document. Tims it was that lie became tlie author of tlie charter of American liberties. As such, the great Virginian is entitled to all tlie honor that lias been paid hint. Iiut It does not detract from his fame to pay tribute to some of tlie other heralds of freedom whose work was a necessary preliminary to his. For that reason, Americans should he more familiar than most of them are with tlie names of four Knglishinen John Locke Algernon Sidney (11122 83), James Harrington (1011-77- ) and1. Thomas Fnine whose political philosophy was embodied in tlie Dcclata tion of Independence. EDMUND PENDLETON Of that document, Jefferson later and liberties, and said: Neither aiming nt original- upon our rights inhumanly shed the blood of Amerity of principle or sentiment, nor ican patriots at Lexington. Resolved. That we do hereby deyet copied from anv particular or free nml independprevious writings, it nas intended clare ourselves a and of right ought nre, to he an expression nf tlie American ent people; a to lie, sovereign anil mind, and to give to that expression unsocial inn, under control ot no tlie proper tone and spirit called for power other than that of our God, and tlie general Government of the Ro even though by the occasion, the maintenance of Congress; he did not enpv from any particuwe solemnly which Independence lar or previous writings, his familpledge to eneh other our mutual coour our fortunes and lives, iarity with Harrington's Oeeana" operation, (1G.V), I.ocke's "Two Treatises on utir most stirred honor. Resolved, That as we now acGovernment (1(189), Sidney's Dis- knowledge the existemeand control courses Poticernin? Government of no law or legal ollli era, civil or (1Gns and Iaines "Common Sense military, within tins country, we do ordain and adopt as a rule (177(1) undoubtedly was retiivted of life all. each, and every of our either in his writing. former laws, wherein, nevertheless, the Grown of Great Britain nevir Americans should he more familcan tie considered as holding rights, iar also with tlie names of two o'hi-privileges, immunities or authorities Virginians, Fdniund Pendleton and tin tun. That It is further dea George Mason, "authors" of dm miliwhich was a diieet ancestor of creed that all, each, and every othi er on this county Is hereby tlie Jefferson masterpiece. In fact, tary reinstated in his former command fully two years before lie drafted and authority, he noting conformhis declaration the idea of sepi-- a ably to these regulations, and that v member present of this deletiop from the Mother Country had e gation shall henceforth he a civil been gaining strength In tlie col n'l or, viz. a Justice of the Peace COMMITTEE I In 1829 Martin printIndependence. ed them, much altered, in his North Caraolina, hut It is not known where his copy came from. In 1831 the state printed the text of the 1 S 19 copy, and fortified It with recollections and certificates of persons aftuming that they were present when the resolutions were passed oa the 20th. But If there It doubt as to the authenticity of this purported action by the North Carolina patriots, there Is no doubt of subsequent actions elsewhere in which the keynote was freeilotnor"indcpendence.()n .1 tine tlie provincial congress of South Carolina adopted this association: The actual commencement of hos tiiities against this continent by the British troops, on the l'Jth of 3 January 10, was 177(1, pub- lished Ills Common Sense." Within a few weeks liKMKH) copies had been sold. It became tlie Bible of the Revolution, found In the hand of every patriot. It called for absolute Independence without fear and without apologies. Casting off the language of loyalty and humility which the colonists had used in framing their petitions to the king and brushing aside tlie lawyer's pleas for chartered rights of F.nglishmen, Iaine boldly challenged not only the king and his ministers, but the British constitution and the policies of the British government. It I repugnant to reason, to the inward order of things, to suppose that this continent can longer remain subject to any external power. The utmost stretch of human wisdom cannot at this time compass a plan short of separation! he declared in his ringing plea for independence. From that time events moved to a swift climax. On May 5, 1770. a provincial convention met in Virginia to frame a new constitution. On May 15 resolutions were adopted asking congress to declare separation from Great Britain. These reso- - of the Miiseiiui of expedition made an imp'.il.int the otii se r li exi a .Hems I.n the w rst I., ink of '1 hr!,. ll lu line.ifUied the Intact tendi el the fill tier und mother of the laiif.in chief steward of Ait I.,. April Declaration 'I lie )..ik Metropolitan In ( . Sell-Mu- s Vinoii In tlie refvu of Queen H it lo'.ut, and ai'i'l.itei t ef her temple at Dior el B.i'url. Tlie excavation width led to ti.ls dis.oviT.v were he. mi In 1''27. Tin'll tie director of the expe.li'lon discovered tlie teiuli, vvle.ii had made for himself under the foretoiirt of the temple a tomb l.e neither finished nor occupied, owing to his fall from rojal favor when Hat shepsiit died and the legitimate king. Tut ne. s 111 mine Into power. It was tie n decided to reexamine the earlier tomb ef Sen Mot whhli. though almost completely destroje.l, is well known for Its painting of Cretans hearing gift. Tlie work wn then Interrupted nml not resumed until tlie present season. In clearing tin bottom of tlie ravine In front of the tomb a horse was found buried In tlie limestone chip, mummified and wrapped and enclosed In an enormous colhn. There can he no question that It Is of tlie eighteenth dynasty and therefore probably tlie earliest horse hitherto discovered In Eg.vpt. Quito certainly a dependency of his own tomb, however, was a small clinniher cut Into tlie face of the rock Just below tlie edge of tlie tomb platform and blocked hy a large slab of stone. Crowded with funeral material, on one side stood two nnlnsrribed rectangular cotlins, and on tlie other two anthropoid coding whose Inscriptions showed tlie bodies of they contained fattier and Ra'mose and The remainder mother of of the space In the chamber was filled with boxes, baskets and Jars. Sen-M- Wit, WUdom and Philosophy Gleaned From the Jepeneie, tlie colossal novels, plays, textbooks, touring gui'lcs, newspapers and magazines produced annually and read by a population nearly 100 per cent literate, Japan offers no periodical DESI'ITE exclusively to humor; nothing whatever that Is designed to inWise-crackinvoke laughter. Is dev oled practically unknown, notwithstandliteraing the Influx of ture from the Western world. A survey of the national wit little that la calculated to rock tlie listeners, although auhtlety In speech has Its place. The double entendre la looked upon with favor, Stock certificates which had depreciated to tlie point where they were but tlie him mot seldom good only ns wall paper and which were used as such in the "Million Dogets by. The retort humorous la llar Room" of the Union League club of Chicago, are living removed from barred In polite society, although a the wail and returned to their donors, since some have come hack" funny tory, whatever that Is In JaIn value. pan, may be told, provided those present are allowed time to contemplate, and If needs be reject It. Here Is one that threw a group of educated Japanese gentlemen Into convulsions: The proud father of a son desiring to pay boiunge to his forbears gave his offspring a name that Included the entire list of hla ancestors, One day the overburdened Must Withstand Storms cause storms prevented tenders from bringing supplies. boy threw an epileptic flL Before and Minor Collisions. the old man could arouse Chlyoza-mar- u Supplies by Tender. Jlro Motocliika Tumu-sa- l "riowlng through heavy seas to Tet runs comWashington. Cliyocokabe from the accumulating pleted, the new red Nantucket light- the Nantucket lightship, the Tender coma by shouting bis name the lad Anemone, or tlie Tender Arbutus, ship will he ready July 1, for servdied. The unhappy father In his ice off Cape Cod to guide mariners will bring fresh supplies and fuel haste broke s blood vessel. Now Woods or from Nantucket Hole, Bedford, past the dangerous Massachusetts. They also will take shoals. The anchorage Is 41 nauFingers Vs. Chopsticks. Another classic Is of the son reptical miles from tlie nearest point off members of her crew of 12 for rimanded for eating with his fingers. of land in water too deep to permit shore leave. Were not fingers made before building a lighthouse. Since 1S05 lighthouse tenders The new light, known as Num- have been named after flowers, trees chopsticks!" he asked. "Not yours," ber 112, replaces Number 11" which and plants. Tlie Orchid, Violet, Jasreplied his parent, coughing violentIIEAD OF KIWANIS sank with a loss of seven of her mine, Crocus and Ivy are typical. ly to conceal his astonishment st crew on May 15, 1034, when it was Despite their delleate names, they having pulled a hot one. rammed in a fog by tlie steamship are sturdy boats, capable of doing A Japanese youth whose marriage was arranged by hla parents, upon Olympic, says tlie National Georough work, such as placing buoys graphic society. This was tlie first or carrying material for building seeing the bride for the first time serious collision recorded for tlie lighthouses. The U. R. Willow on and discovering her face to he pockNantucket station, although in the tlie Mississippi ig well named since marked, exclaimed In a burst of infog, steamers have often come daneffable Joy, How beautiful: The she spends half her time cutting gerously close to the sturdy craft. birthplace of all the world's dimyoung willows that constantly spring r up on the levees, obscuring low 16,000 ples." Not so bad, that one. Light. r A lG.vjDO electric river lights. They lived happily forever after. A lightship Is officially known hy One of the few occasions when light will flash from the lightship's carmasthead. A powerful automatic hor number, although she alo loud and long laughter smote the air of Tokyo was the time a boy fog gign.il will sound every 15 sec- ries the name of hor station. She hears tiie same number all her life, onds in foggy weather, and a rushed Into a baker shop, grabbed hut may change her name half a will send messages of guida large piece of cake and dashed ance or warning 200 miles or more. dozen times If transferred to that into the street, only to discover upon Beneath the water the lightship will many stations. The name Is lettered reaching a point of safety that he In white on a hull usually painted had pilfered a block of wood fashstraw are some color red, although ioned and painted to resemble the HEADS WOMEN MEDICS or black. Relief ships, substituting real thing. lie had the wit to trade for lightships temporarily removed, narper Gatton of Madisonvllle, It in before sundown for a kite. usually bear the word Relief In fxy president of Kiwanis InternaNumber 1 Wise Man. blatk letters. tional, who will preside at all ses as It Is interpreted In Wisdom, The U. R. Lighthouse service sions of the service organization's the Flowery Kingdom, Is entirely maintains about 4't litrlitships. leu twentieth annua) convention to be another matter; something to be of them nre relief slops. held In Washington June 21 to 25. taken seriously In all its aspects, although In some respects, at least Free Lunch for Jury to the Occidental mind. It Is anyA Plant Used by Mendel servTulare, Calif. Housewives thing but that The story Is told Is Donated to University ing on police court Juries will not of a teacher who, striving to ImPhiladelphia. The University of he obliged to rush home during tlie upon his pupil the necessity press and prepaid intermission Penns) lvnnin has received a seven- noon for logical thought and deduction duplicate specimen of luneh. Tlie city has decided to serve ty year-olasked this question: Suppose you one of Gregory Mendel s dried them luuihes free. were hanging by your teeth on a he founded which the with plants limb over a chasm with your hands Mendel law. tied and a passerby asked for InforTlie specimen, about eight Indies mation as to where he could get a Extend Gun Range In length and consisting of a pea cup of tea, what response would plant stem and several flowers and by New Explosive you make? Any student who can leaves, was donated to the univerPari. A reserve artillery enintelligently reason out the answer in tlie Fathers Augustinlan sity hy Is lu a fair way to becoming a gineer, Charles Bacon, has just Pro, Czechoslovakia. Preserved beinvented a new explosive capaNumber 1 wise man and acquire a has the neath glass, the specimen ble of being used as a charge for footing for the rest of his days. Dr, Catherine Macfariand of Philseal of the monastery and a rare and of which the When a bell Is struck, which projectiles, new is the of adelphia president autograi.il of Mendel written In 1809. makes the echo the bell or the power is said to he very much the Medical Woman's National ashammer? Suicide has ensued begreater than that nt present besociation which held its annual Glider 54 Times Loops cause of this simple query. The ing ued by the French army. convention in Kansas City. Don Pan Diego, Calif. Stevens, more one reflects the more difficult Bacon has turned his invenof Glendale, Calif., claimed tlie the solution. tion over to tlie government. Up transmit still other signals which world record for consecutive to now the principal charge for Philosophical by nature are the in a glider here after he usually carry farther than fog sigFrench guns lias Japanese. They preserve tlie elabnals, sometimes 20 to 25 miles. he looped his motorlcss craft 54 orate and the simple rituals with been melinite, an explosive of These messages are picked up by re- times In descent from the height equal zest. The teachings of Iliidda great force obtained from picric to he had 10 000 been which feet ceiving devices located far below of remain paramount throughout all acid. towed by an airplane. the waterline in the hulls of merphases of thought and endeavor, rechant vessels. sisting Invasion from outside to the The Nantucket lightship is depoint of retreat within the ancient signed to withstand severe storms Whatever transforInterpretation. and minor collisions. Two heavy mation may be wrought by contact steel fenders, one at, and one below with the West, will In a sense parthe wathrline, protect the ship's take of the yesterday that shall resides. The hull and the space bemain forever Japan. tween the main deck and tlie deck Japs Are Adaptable. above are divided into 2S watertight comes fairer to light Nothing a Even collision If compartments. than what has been hidden, Inter should destroy some of the compartprets the philosophy of these peoments, the others may keep the ple, many of whose secrets are yet ship afloat. From each major comto he disclosed and translated Into partment an exit leads to the main action. The Japanese carry on bedeck, affording the crew ample tween the aphorisms, Frogs In the means of escape. The ship carries well are Ignorant of the ocean, and a generous supply of lifeboats, rafts One who makes light of himself 13 and rings. by others. slighted new on The ship will be moored The best single illustration of Jaher s'ation by an anchor resembling pan's adaptability occurs In the an lnveited mushroom. Its heavy Tokyo subway, when each conducdisk making It dor.bly hard to tor arriving at north or south termieven In gales. Anchor and tunnel addresses nal of the chain together weigh about 13 tons. tlie patrons as follows: If the ship breaks away from her Ladies and gentlemen! It Is my moorings and drifts off the station, pleasure to announce that we have she may return under her own now reached the end of our Joursteam. The crafts engine Is 6(X) ney, which I hope has been a pleasborsepov er. ant one. The directors desire to Garrving enough fuel to remain thank you for your patronage and In plate a year, a lightship Is not to express the hope that you will to leave her station supposed except frequently use our line as a means under orders, even though damaged, Do not forget of transportation. or short of provisions. Heroic tales your parcels. I thank you." can be t"!d of men on foundering or Whats more, the passengers like blizzard tossed lightships; of other Four famous children, the Morley .quads, are shown here on their men. In earlier days, sticking to their sixth birthday, in their home in Lansing, Mich., with hooks received as it to the point of actual applause. WNU Service. posts th mgh nearly starving be birthday gifts, and dressed in their new birthday clothes. Lightships Up Against All Sorts of Hardships es Ilat-nufe- Bon-Mu- Candle-Powe- candle-powe- radio-beaco- n THOMAS PAINE lotions were drafted hy Edmund Pendleton, a member of tlie committee of correspondence in 1773 and of tlie First Continental congress and president of tlie Virginia Committee of Safety. Two days previously the convention had indorsed a Declaration of Bights which nad been prepared hy George Mason, who hud also been a member of the Committee of Safety. Composed of 10 articles, the resemblance of tlie great document of July 4 drafted by Jefferson to Mason's work Is a striking one. On June 29 Virginia adopted the first written constitution of a free and independent state in America. But even before that time significant events were taking place in Philadelphia where tlie Second Continental congress was in session. On June 7, Richard Henry Lee of Virginia, obeying the mandate given him by tlie Virginia convention in the resolutions passed on May 15, offered in congress this resolution: "Resolved, That those United Colonies are, and of right ought to be. free and independent states, that they are absolved from all allegiance to the British Crown, and that all political connection between them and tlie state nf Great Britain is, and ought to ho, totally dissolved. The philosophies of Locke and Sidney and Hairington were hearing their fruit. The words of Paine and Pendleton and Mason were about to flower into a document which Thomas .Jefferson was to pen. herein tlie course It would begin : of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political hands which hnve connected them vviih another, etc. Ant it would end with these ringing words; ", . . solemnly publish and dedure. That these United Colonies are, and of Right ought to he ree and In le- . . And for tlie pendent Slates support of this Dei nation, with a firm reliance on (lie ptoiectlon of Divine Providence, we niuiiiil.'v our pledge to each' other our I Fortunes and our sacred Honor. j 1 , iv, high-powo- r Michigan Quads Have a Birthday np-ro- e |