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Show CACHE AMERICAN, LOGAN, UTAH Ngm3 Light on the Ea rl y H ilrfory Sacred and Lucky Numbers of Thanksgivi ng Washington. It has been seldom since President Roosevelt took the helm of govern-Jobs- , Not meat that Wash Gif tsof Money ington has witnessed such an upheaval of conditions and plans as In occurred the lust few weeks. Part of the changes result naturally enough from development of plans for submission of new national to congress which will convene again In about six weeks. The other part conies from a sudden determination by the administration to rouse its recovery methods. Possibly the most signiticant of the forthcoming change in recovery plans Is the determination to try, at least, to get away from direct relief. Instead of plain gifts of money, the administration is now seeking to find additional means for creating work so that individuals needing help may obtain their relief in the form of jobs for which the government will pay. Olticials still are loath to discuss exact figures, but they are, nevertheless, going steadily forward with plans for converting the vast fed eral relief machinery into an extensive program that will embrace such things as slum clearance, low cost housing and rural rehabilitation. Mr. Roosevelt will wait until the last moment before he fixes in his own mind how many hundreds of millions of dollars will be needed to carry out these projects. The total cost obviously will depend somewhat upon how quickly the dole can be abandoned. It may run into billions of dollars because, according to some authorities, removal from the dole is going to be opposed by certain types of persons. And, it seems, they can hardly be blamed because once the government altered its traditional policy and made direct gifts of money it ere ated a new psychology and the people who benefited thereby quite naturally will be unwilling to have the source of the gifts closed for this easy manner of living. One of the dans under consideration as a part of the whole program Is provision for employment by direct federal subsidy for housing. Under this plan, the government would advance part of the cost for individual homes of low price construction. In keeping with the theory that the number on relief rolls will descend ip direct proportion to the revival of private construction, advocates of this plan contend that the cost would be less than outright relief. They say that with the government advancing part of the funds needed, private lending agencies would feel more secure and would offer aid in the form of the remainder of the loan necessary. poll-cie- s ' It has long been recognized that recovery cannot be accomplished a without Private mendous increase Construction in construction. Private construction, however, will not go forward in a period of uncertainty now no more than it has in other years, and tlie experts have decided that the government must take the lead in this direction. They have advised the President there can be no real upturn In private building operations unless a start is made Whether this by the government. is the right theory, of course, none can foretell. It may turn out to be the government is pouring additional funds down Just another as it has on numerous other occasions in the course of recovery experiment. My conversations with men In both public and private life, men who are qualified to judge, lead me to believe that there will be considerable construction resulting from this program. The conclusions which have been expressed to me, it must be said frankly, do not indicate that there will be any such total of new construction development under the new administration program as the enthusiastic exponents of the program now contend. There are numerous reasons for thee conclusions as they have been explained to me. One of these reasons and perhaps the most important, is that no one Is going to build a house unless he feels that he can continue to pay for it. tre-Nee-d rat-hol-e same day that the treasury policy was announced, one of the largest banks in the United States reported privately that one of its vice presidents had returned from a six weeks scouting trip In an effort to find places where it could loan money. This man visited Important cities in 16 states. He is a practical banker and he Is thoroughly acquainted with the means of approach to potential borrowers. But his six weeks tour netted one loan application That banks report may sound silly because there are so many people that need money. Yet, it must be remembered that a bank Is trustee for the funds placed in its care by its depositors and it cannot hand out money with reckless abandon. It must feel reasonably sure that there will be a repayment, and this was the thing which the banks vice president failed to find. There were plenty of individuals and corporations that needed money but they had no security to offer and little to guarantee that they could repay the borrowed funds. Financial experts, therefore, are not unduly excited about the latest treasury ruling which was released with much gusto and with statements that this will free "many hundreds of millions to business. I am told that the banks are chock-ful- l of loose cash. Reports to the treasury certainly Indicate that to be a fact. But when borrowers who need money have no security and when business Is at such a low ebb that only the minimum of funds is needed, I believe it can hardly be said that the bankers are wholly to blame. The bankers have been vigorously criticized in the last four or five years and obviously a considerable spanking was due them. On the other hand, I think It is a plain statement of fact that you can no more force people to borrow than you can make a horse drink after you have led him to the trough. Senator Gerald P. Nye, North Dakota Progressive Republican, has started on a ing tour that, as SpeakingTour far as I can find, is without precedent The senator Is chairman of the special senate committee named to Investigate the munitions, aircraft and shipbuilding industries, to determine whether these businesses have been active in foment ing trouble between the nations of the world. The committee has held hearings covering a period of three weeks, and the hearings will be resumed later with the prospect that they may run on for many months. Senator Nye Is making a series of six speeches in the United States and one in Canada, dealing with the question of who really starts wars, lie has announced that he desires to tell the country how nations are driven into conflict and the inference is, of course, that he believes munition makers and others producing material for war are at the bottom of the heap. But the point is that Mr. Nye personally is an advocate of government ownership of all plants now engaged in the production of anything used in wars between nations, lie is authentically reported to have a draft of legislation in mind which he will present to the forthcomHe is not alone ing congress. in holding this belief for at least four other members of his committee entertain the same general trend of mind. There are seven members of the committee so that It is apparent the Nye plan will have a majority of that committee supporting It If and when It Is presented to the senate. I have examined records rather comprehensively in an effort to discover whether ever before any senator or member of the house had gone out to the country with an appeal for support of legislation under a circumstance such as this. The committee has three or four months more of Investigation ostensibly to ascertain all pertinent facts. Despite the fact that the senate has voted money for the committee to make this investigation and the money will be spent at hearings. Senator Nye has proceeded to make known his views in ad- ft) & vl ' i,v ciclvu - W J, Af1 ,! LtJ ATr- U T.sa ti - h7 TrJJ-r- fa Disclosures made by the committee thus far have been accepted generally, I think, as showing there was some fire as the cause of the Another road which the adminissmoke. Certain testimony given betration Is now following In its fore that committee linked some of cause the American munitions makers to Easing Up money to flow with foreign Interests whose designs on Bank Loans more freely Is the were of a political character. It was recent ruling easshown how some of the foreign on bank loans. agents had attempted to provoke ing restrictions Heretofore, banks have not been trouble between nations of Europe permitted to make loans of more and the logical assumption Is that if than 10 per cent of their capital and such activities occurred in two or surplus for Industrial purposes to three instances, they must have ocone borrower. The treasury now curred In many others. Neverthehas abrogated this provision, long less, there Is a considerable amount regarded as a sound banking ruling, of criticism heard In Washington and has told the banks they can about Senator Nye's plan of action loan more than 10 per cent probecause, It Is contended by these vided the amount loaned above 10 critics, it Is hard to see how the Per cent Is guaranteed by the Resenator can conduct an unbiased Inconstruction Finance corporation or vestigation after having committed the federal reserve system. himself in this unequivocable way. It happened that on almost the 40. Western Newspaper Union. 1 u f TAt ft jjp ffc AX I ' Jjr f' n-t- r. 1""' ,r..i fJ-- ffcl (L jxrjfb W? m.w. m Very many superstitious and curi- ber and contains all the harmonies! ous ideas have been and are still thirdly, It is a theological number, connected with numbers. Great hopes consisting of perfection ; fourthly, have been founded upon certain comIt la composed of perfect numbers, binations of numbers in lotteries, In and participates of their virtues. He may find better reasons fon the horoscopes, or In predictions regarding Important events. Important un- Importance attached to this number. favor- Much of It Is doubtless due to Its have awaited dertakings able dates for their Inception, and prominence In the Bible. The seven the lives of more than one leader of days of creation led to a septenary men have been more or less Influ- division of time to all ages Several enced by a regard for certain nu- of the Jewish feasts lasted seven merical combinations, supposed to days. Elisha sent Nuaman to wash have a dominating power in shaping In the Jordan seven times, and Ellpab a successful career, writes a con- sent his servant from Mount Carmel tributor in the Birmingham (Eng.) seven times to look for rain. For seven days seven priests with seven Weekly Post There have been superstitious no- trumpets Invested Jericho, and on 7 tions connected with nearly every the seventh day they encompassed It seven times. There were seven virone of the nine digital numbers. The number 1 was held to be sa- tues and seven mortal sins. The ancients not only noted the cred because it represented the unity of the Godhead. Tills number Is Importance of seven as an astroesteemed as very lucky by the Jav nomical period, but also connected anese, who allot but one day to each with the seven planets the seven of the several operations of husban- metals then known. The sonl of dry, leaving that portion of the crop man was anciently supposed to be that could not be gathered in one controlled by this double septenary combustion. It was also an ancient day. The second digit acquired an espe- belief that a change In the body of cially evil reputation among the early man occurs every seventh yearn Christians, because the second day year. hell was created, along with heaven Bays an old writer: Augustus and earth. The Cabalists said It Caesar as Gelllus salth, was glad, and typified nulon of Christ It seems hoped that he was to live long, beto have been a number nnlucky In cause be had passed his sixty-thre- e English dynasties. Harold II was years. For oldejnen seldom passed slain In battle; William II and Ed- that year, but they are In danger of ward II were murdered ; Ethelred II, their lives. Two years, the seventh Richard II and James H were forced and ninth, commonly bring great to abdicate; and Henry II, Charles changes to a mans life, and great II, and George II were unfortunate dangers; therefore 63, that contaln-et-h both these numbers multiplied toIn many ways. The number seems to have been an unlucky one to the gether, contalneth unknown sovereigns of other European counof France, tries. The Charles of Navarre, of Spain, of Anjou and Harm Done by Seeking of Savoy passed or ended their reigns to Standardize Child unhappily. Children are being wronged by The number 3 has an abundance to the means of of superstitions connected with It enforced molding mass measurement, Dr. L Newton It was the perfect number of the Kugelmass says In Hygela Magazine, Pythagoreans, who said it represent- In an article entitled, The Myth of ed the beginning, middle and end. the Average Child. Standardizing A greater Importance was given to youth Into average patterns the number because It represented plastic detrimental physically to growing the Trinity, not only in the Christ- is troublesome psychologically children, ian religion, but In many others. to perturbed parents and false bioThomas There was but little mystery atto the national Ideal. Chiltached to the numbers 4 and 5. In logically dren are Individuals, not average In folk-lorIs clover the History records that this first national Thanksbuild and In their organa The four of clubs their body giving day In New York was fair and warm even especially lucky. even to the single cells, and tissues an unluc1'y card, and It Is named twenty-fiv- e though it was late In November. The festivities Is In number, that trillion t bed. opened with a parade In the morning as Hamil- the devil's human structure. The Cabalists. asserted that the compose the ton had planned and the secretary of the treasEvery child Is unitary and nnlqufc ury reviewed It from In front of Fraunces tavern, number 6 was potent In mystical Never before and never again can was The world created properties. had said that historic inn where Washington the exact conditions be reproduced farewell to his officers at the close of the Rev- In six days, the Jewish servant for the evolution of the same being. Job served six six endured years. olution. After the parade Hamilton was host at A child Is considered normal physgreat feast in the tavern and it Is this first tribulations, and hence the figure ically when be does not reveal any official Thanksgiving dinner to which we can typified labor and suffering. The pathologic disturbances that Interlook back, but not with any great pride, for It rabbis asserted that the letter van fere with his functional Integrity or which was brawl. six, Into represented a stamped with his disgraceful degenerated pattern of growth developon to remind the Jews the manna, Hamilton could not be present for the entire Is a negative definition exment It on fell six days only. affair. lie was to have remained long enough to that it terms of the abnormal beIn pressed The number 6 was an nnlucky one cause we have more knowledge of respond to a toast and then leave for the Presi- at Rome. Tarqulnlus Sextus was a disease than of well dent's mansion, where his oflicial presence was being. and the church was dibrutal required by his position in the President's cab- vided tyrant Clinically, It Is practical to classunder the Urban Sixth. inet While most of the city had been holding its two extreme groups The number 7 has been Invested ify children in noisy celebration, Washington bad attended with more define a wide range of norm for that othmystery than all the church and at noon began to receive guests at er digits together, and to it were aoy one child. . . . The onestat-Is the mansion. and thin, and the other ascribed magic and mystical quali- dynamic Jlut Hamilton was late in arriving at ills own ties no other numbers, ic and fat. by possessed party and Ids guests, impatient to be at their Several learned treatises have been feasting, sat down without him and began to eat written on this number, and sepTruly Great Man Almost immediately a disagreement arose among been Emersons have combinations line: It Is easy In tenary the diners. A certain Lieutenant St. Clair, who everywhere. In an old writer the world to live after the worlds hnd toasted the festive day not wisely but too sought of two centuries ago we may read opinion; It Is easy In solitude to live well, felt called upon to assert, upon his honor after our own ; but the great man Is as a gentleman, that he was perfecly sober. why, in his opinion, the number is he who In the midst of the crowd be says. excellent First peculiarly of Tisdal Alderman the city council, It Is neither Whereupon nor with perfect sweetness the Inbegotten keeps begets' had festive who probably also been toasting the of solitude. num a is harmonic It secondly, dependence day extensively, disputed the statement and called upon St Clair to prove that he was sober. covered that when the purple beSt. Clair's retort was to seize a bottle from Sees Kinship Between comes transpageut a slightly yellow the table and hurl it, not at Tisdal nor at anyone Vitamins and Vision material Is split off from 1L This in particular but at the whole company In general. Fortunately it hit none of them but It did The manner in which the eye material, a hitherto unknown chemthrow the room Into an uproar. And into the works; particularly how It perceives ical, was found to be closely related tavern a moment later walked their host, Alex- what one knows as color, Is a very to carotene, which, In turn, is a close ander Hamilton, to look upon. a shameful scene considerable mystery. The puzzle Is relative of vitamin A. Doctor Wald then actually witin which food, glassware and china and guests not very much clarified, but is poswere all in a heap. sibly made more interesting, by the nessed the transformation of the new Hamilton, dreading the scandal that would re- recent discovery that there Is a close yellow substance Into vitamin A. sult If the story of the affair became known, set relation between vitamin A and the Literary Digest. about swiftly to restore order. Enough quiet rhodopsin of visual purple in the was obtained so that he was able to make his retina. Stamp Worth $9,000,000 speech. Then he departed, probably with a real It has long been known that visual Stamps valued at more than will be on display at the Inthanksgiving feeling In his heart to escape purple, which plays an important from such guests. But unfortunately for Hampart In the functioning of the re- ternational philatelic exhibition which ilton, rumors of the disorder in Fraunees tavern tinal rods. Is sensitive to light will open in Yienna, Anstria, on June bad already readied Washington's ears and the bleaching to a colorless material 24. One thousand prominent stamp Iresident was plainly disturbed by the fact that when to Illumination. collectors will take part in the exhiexposed what he had intended to be a quiet religions Watching this phenomenon, Dr bition. What Is believed to be the a been turned Into holiday had rowdy affair by George Wald, nt the Oceanographic only existing specimen of the British the friends of bis secretary of the treasury. stamp will be shown Institute, Woods Hole, Mass., dis Guiana So when Hamilton arrived the President lost no time In questioning him about what had taken place. When be learned that a young soldier of the United States nrmy had been Injured In a disgraceful brawl, especially at a gathering presumably for the purpose of giving thanks to God for the blessings of good government, peace and concord, his anger was aroused to the extent that he demonstrated again, as he did when he rebuked Charles Lee on the battlefield of MonDouble Action Double Tested mouth, that he knew how to use strong language Manufactured hy baking powder Specialists when the occasion called for 1L but baking powder who make nothing It is disgraceful, by , sir I spoke George under supervision of expert chemists. Washington, and there was nothing left for Alexander Hamilton to do but meekly agree and discreetly withdraw from the presence of his chief without further comment. 2Se 25 Thus did the political rivalry of two of his Ycu can also buy cabinet members have a part In detracting from 11 XO ounce can lor 100 the solemn character which our first President X$ ounce can for 15a had wished the first Thanksgiving day to have, and although this may have hnd nothing directly Highest Quality Always Dependable to do with It, the fact Is that not for five years thereafter did the President again proclaim another official Thanksgiving. amms ' ns lh M Elias Boudinot speak-Unusu- al vance. v.'4 Superstitious Notions Connected With Almost Every One of the Digits; Six Is Held Highly Potent in Mystical Properties. Alexander Hamilton 1 By ELMO SCOTT WATSON HEN, where and by whom was the first Thanksgiving day celebrated in the United States? Why, by the Pilgrims at Plymouth in 1621, of course you reply. But youre wrong! Its true that the Pilgrim Fathers held a Thanksgiving day celebration that year, but since Plymouth was an English colony It isnt strictly accurate to say that It was celebrated in the United States" because the United States of America didn't come Into existence until more than IDO years later. The first Thanksgiving day celebration Held after we bad become a nation took place in 17S9 and It is more analagous to our present-daobservance of the holiday than the Pilgrims Thanksgiving because it came about as the result of a Presidential proclamation. Most Americans know that it was Georgo Washington who Issued the first Presidential Thanksgiving day proclamation but few, perhaps, realize that the idea originated in the mind of Alexander Hamilton, our first secretary of the treasury, and that the first oflicial step toward carrying it out was taken by congress rather than by the Chief Executive. Last year while Col. Edwin A. Halsey, secretary of the United States senate, and James D. Preston, senate librarian, were unearthing many old documents which date back to the beginnings of the republic and having these manuscripts restored and bound in specially designed books to preserve them for future generations, they came upon the congressional resolution which brought about the first oflicial Thanksgiving day celebration In the United States. The story bnck of this historic first is interesting, even though it Is not a story in which we can take much pride any more than we can be especially proud of the celebration which resulted. Involved In it Is the story of the Jealousy of two great Americans, Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson, a story in which politics, as usual, played a none too admirable y part The idea of a Thanksgiving day celebration with Alexander Hamilton who originated broached the subject nt a meeting of Washingtons cabinet In New York city, then the capital of the nation, In August, 17S9. Hamilton, a prime mover in securing the adoption of the Constitution, had succeeded in getting his own state of New York to ratify It and this made a sufficient number of acceptances even though North Carolina and Rhode Island were still outside the fold, to assure the permanence of the new government. So Hamilton must have felt that the nation, as well as he, personally, had cause for thanksgiving. It Is probable that Hamilton, Instead of pressing the matter in the cabinet where It was certain to meet with opposition from Thomas Jefferson, the secretary of state and Hamiltons political enemy, engineered the matter go that the movement for a national Thanksgiving day would come from congress. At any rate, on Friday, September 25. 17S9, Elias Boudinot, a member of congress from New Jersey, took the floor of the house of representatives and offered a resolution railing upon the President to issue a Thanksgiving day proclamation. In moving that the resolution be adopted, Bou dlnot said that he could not think of letting the session pass over without offering an opportunity to all the citizens of the United States of joining, with one voice, in returning to Almighty God their sincere thanks for the many blessings He had poured down upon them. Boudlnots resolution was not unexpected and Jefferson's supporters In congress, principally southerners, immediately made known their opposition to the idea. Representative Aednmus Burke of South Carolina declared that he did not like this mimicking of European customs, where they made a mere mockery of thankslie pointed out that two parties at giving. war frequently sung Te Deum for the same event, though for one It was victory and to the other a defeat." Representative Thomas Tudor Tucker of South Carolina thought the House hnd no business to Interfere in a matter which did not concern them. He suggested that the people might not be inclined to return thanks for a Constitution until they have experienced that it promotes their safety and happiness. He said further that If a Thanksgiving day must be held the states could institute it He said that it Is a religious matter, aud, as such, is proscribed to us. Through the words of these spokesmen we can hear the voice of Jefferson, protesting against a monarchial trend in the new government, against encroachment upon the boundary line which had been fixed between church and state and ngainst any invasion of states rights. In answer to these protests Boudinot quoted further precedents from the practice of the late Congress and Representative Roger Sherman of Connecticut rallied to his support, declaring that the practice of thanksgiving was warranted by a number of precedents in Holy Writ: for Instance, the solemn thanksgivings and rejoicings which took place in the time of Solomon, after the building of the temple, was a case in point The resolution was carried and Representatives Boudinot, Sherman and Peter Silvester of New York were appointed by the house committee to wait upon the President The senate, on the following day, adopted the resolution, appointing Senators William Samuel Johnson of Connecticut and Ralph Izard of South Carolina to be the senate members of the committee. Accordingly this committee waited on the President and on October 3 Washington issued the proclamation in which he recommended that Thursday, November 26, be observed by the people of the United States as a day of thanksgiving. Hamilton bad won the first maneuver over his rival but there were still stormy days ahead for him. For Dow arose the question of how the celebration should be carried out and, of course, the two stutesmen were at odds on that Hamilton proposed a monster parade of military olticials and governmental dignitaries, headed by President Washington. Jefferson, opposed as he was to all displays of pomp and circumstance, protested against such a celebration. He apparently won his point, for it was determined Hint the day was a domestic holiday and should be observed in the privacy of the home after the New England tradition. Accordingly Mrs. Washington began making plans for a levee in the true colonial style at In Franklin Square to t lie Executive Mansion which every one of consequence In New York was invited. It promised to be a great social occasion so It was eagerly looked forward to by the beaus and belles of the city. But even though Jefferson had outmaneuvered him in this respect, Hamilton was not yet ready to admit defeat He began organlzJng all kinds of public festivities to upset the plans of those who wished to celebrate the day quietly. Although Jefferson held himself somewhat aloof from the preparations for the celebration, word of this latest antagonism between the two cabinet members had leaked out and two different factions of celebrntors began to form in New York. More than that, factions formed In and Philadelphia also and considerable bitterness between them became evident So as the day for the celebration of the first official Thanksgiving approached, it became plain that it would be a day of partisanship and rather than one of rejoicing and gratitude, as Washington had hoped It would be. Ros-to- Jefferson four-leave- d e ... four-pos- one-ce- The Chaise of MUUens KG Effi!i!G P3WDER Same Price Today as 44 Years Ago ounces for Ar 6 by Weatera Newspaper Union. |