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Show CACHE AMERICAN. LOGAN. UTAH Uncle Sams Peace-tim- llowe About: e NAVY Future Wisdom Greatest Americans Your Manners IISI ttoll N) sdicti U By ED HOWE OFTEN apeak of h wli dom of old wen. to cotupar U with tti of youth. But how ituirb Is ilia old orid, aiib It mlliUmt of year, thro an old man, with bl poaj.hla and pitiful seventy Si h education at tbe people dimity accept la forced on tbrm by A the slow grind of Ilia ago. einh. cautious creator- - tlmajS In danger, extiero-iu-Is tbe master men finally learn to fear, I expect more wisdom in the future than we have in the preedit, because of the eduiatloo of chtI-d- ItfE roikli-MUr- ir 1 e e. often wonder wliut i the most probable development of the future. The present age has been 0 bedeviled by folly that common Sense The may finally laj triumphant men of the future who read of the distress of 1933. most of It unnecessary, should lie greutiy Improved in caution and behavior. 1 "The Visit the Colosseum in Rome By ELMO SCOTT WATSON IME was alien the merchant ma- rine a as one of America's proudest boasts. Those were the days alien the famous Yankee dipper ships a ere carrying our flag, the Stan and Stripes, Into virtually every port of the world and when America, rather than Great Britain, ans the mistress of the seas," at least, so far as merchant shipping was concerned. lint alien steamships replaced sailing vessels, the Lulled States began to lose her place In the sun In tlds regard and the Civil war saw the end of our dominance of the seas with merchant men. In the years that followed various efforts were made to regain the place we had lost to other nations, hut these efforts a ere not highly successful At the opening of the World war we had only 17 ships carrying the American flag and American trade to foreign ports, and Amer lean seamanship, as a consequence, had almost become a forgotten tradition. But recent years have seen a change being wrought, and today, under more recent stimulating governmental policies supporting our peacetime navy, the merchant marine, we have climbed up to second place In world tonnage and now a total of COO ships plow their way through the seven seas to more than 500 ports In foreign lands. To provide for the Increased complement of trained desk officers and engineers to man our constantly Increasing peacetime navy, Uncle Sam has four nautical training schools, mostly aboard real ships, where boys can study, graduate and stand a good chance of becoming third officers or assistant engineers In the merchant fleet at a rate of pay ranging front $123 a month for third mates upwards to $300 for skippers and engineers, and with cruises to Interesting foreign ports sprinkled In while they are getting their education. These nautical schools are: The New York State Merchant Marine academy, now based at the Brooklyn navy yard aboard the U. S. S. Empire State and the Annex; the Pennsylvania Nautical school, based at Philadelphia, aboard the U. S. S. Annapolis; the Massachusetts Nautical school, based at Boston, aboard the C. S. S. Nantucket, and on the Pacific coast, the California Nautical school, based at California City, on San Francisco bay, aboard the U. S. S. California State. Every year the 500 young men, between the ages of seventeen and twenty-onyears, undergo training In these four schools. For a bird's eye view of life at the academy, lets visit the U. S. S. Empire State. As one drives Into the Brooklyn navy yard a United States marine corporal steps up to the visiting automobile, asks the callers business and sends for a bluejacket, who painted deconducts one past battleship-graother vessels and docked cruisers navy stroyers, In the yard. A couple of turns along railroad-trackestreets lead to the gangplank of the U. S. S. Empire State. seaman clicks his heels, salutes A and leads on to the skippers quarters forward, below the bridge. The skipper Is Capt. L. B. Green, second assistant superintendent of the academy, commanding the training ship. He Is a graduate of the United States Naval academy at Annapolis. A sharp wind slices across the navy yard, but conCaptain Green marches down a gangway vesnecting the training ship with Its auxiliary sel lying alongside the Annex. The latter Is a converted sailing ship. Her once towering foremast and mainmast are stubbed. She carries no rigging, but has a broad deck for boat and other drills. Below decks she is laid out for school rooms, dormitories, electrical and mechanical work shops. Cadets In the Annex are nominal newcomers, nere they are taught mathematics, navigation, cable use and splicing, hygiene, rope and wire hansignalling, fire prevention, launching and a hnndred other maritime and boats of dling duties. Here, too, they have their first taste of discipline aboard ship. The cadets are hard at work. In one room, equipped with regulation school desks, they are in the bold of the deep In trigonometry. Below, Annex they are working In the machine shop. Others' are bending and weaving heavy wire cable ends around an oval eye. Still another water pump apart and group has taken a heavy U busily at work putting It together again. CaDtaln Green proceeds through the passages, e khaki-garbe- d y d rifle-belte- d 1 ."11 - . ."Shootinq '' -- 7?fi yv in i if ! ''iVf-.- the Sun with Sextants headed and For this renson, It was pointed out, unusual care Is exercised lu selecting merchant marine academy candidates. Boys must be United States citizens, have high school education or its equivalent, lie physically, mentally, morally sound as a new dollar and must have the qualities that make for leadership courtesy, prompt ness In obeying commands and correct seamanlike habits. The wheel and chnrt house come next for Inspection. In the afternoon sun the compass, steering apparatus, engine room telegraph and other bright work gleamed and glinted from high polish. It was exactly like any other American merchantman's bridge except that there were two large, long tallies extending the width of the enclosed space, upon which cadets, studying navigation while on summer cruise, work out the ship's course. A huge (lag locker was loented nearby, bulging with neatly rolled bunting. Atop the bridge was the diamond shaped radio direction finder loop, open air binnacle and steering wheel. Nine times out of ten the U. S. S. Empire State Is steered from the enclosed bridge, or the flying bridge by a helmsman, generally a quartermaster. But Captain Green went below and pointed out the line of steering apparatus to a room far astern In the ship, where the rudder tiller Is swung by automatic devices and where cadets are instructed, at times, In blind steering. A bridge lookout may be the eyes of the ship, on such occasions, but cadets are taught to navigate safely by using Inside compass and w-greased L7l. multi-colore- d Furlinq the Sails lads. Each group snaps to past attention and holds It until the senior officer says carry on. Topside are several groups engaged In boat drills, launching, handling long sweeping oars in heavy life boats coxswulns standing up, astern in each boat, giving orders. Its a cold and windy day but the boys bend to with a will and send their boats cleaving the navy yard waters. Below is the real feel of the ship. Not a quick rush to the side to unburden an upset stomach . . . but the atmosphere of being at sea. It Is quiet but exciting. The only thing lacking Is the throb of turning engines . . . the gentle lift of long ground swells. Captain Green goes forward to Inspect paint lockers, shower baths and living quarters, where the boys sleep In beds. Ilomantic days of the hammock have vanished. The skipper admits that sleeping, when tucked In cocoon comfort within ones hammock, is a blissful state, but there Is more luxury In cadet accommodations today. Lockers are provided for personal effects and uniforms. More cadet study space Is discovered, with long, polished, white wooden tables that swing up to the celling and out of the way when not In use. The canteen for candy, tobacco and other luxuries, strikes a responsive note. Mess hall Serving tables, cafeteria style, where 150 hungry young men can be served In eight minutes. Food is sent down from the galley, located on a higher deck, by dumbwaiter. The whole place shines with cleanliness. Next came a visit to the sickbay or ships hospital One youngster had a touch of sore throat but was recovering quickly. A regular doctor Is assigned to the ship. Anyone on the "binnacle list Is promptly attended and officers of the training vessel said there were few patients. Captain Green and his staff have their own mess, a room done In dark wood with light green trimming. Here the deck and engineer staff units dine at separate tables, because there always has been a bit' of pleasant rivalry between the two groups. Although boys Join the academy for training to fit them for captaincy or engineership, they have their own choice of the branch preferred. Once they have completed the school course and have graduated, there Is little time lost in getting them assigned to active duty aboard one of Uncle Sams merchant ships. The boy who wants to go to sea as a professional mariner is trained at one of the four academies to become an officer or engineer and enjoy life on the rolling deep, and he has the additional opportunity for service In steamship offices ashore. This gives him an excellent incentive to grow In the maritime world and to point for an executive position In steamship circles. Tfiis Is not a pipe dream. It Is the design and reason for the existence of these four nautical training schools. Uncle Sam has to battle for hla peace time and war rights. Ships must carry commerce, passengers, malls to every country. Commanders and chief engineers of these ships must be level- d wheeL The engine room, deep In the bowels of the vessel, was fragrant with hot oils. Here a maze of shining Iron ladders wind up, around and about the powerful driving equipment of the training ship. All brightwork was spotless and the ship could cast off on short notice, for steam Is kept up In the boilers most of the time. Intricacies of this department prohibit elaborate description. It Is a world of machinery In itself . . . the pride of engineers who undergo exhaustive Instruction and training asliip and ashore and who are charged with the mechanical welfare of their vessel. It Is interesting to note that, In most cases, the captain and chief engineer of a ship hold nearly equal rank. Both wear four gold stripes. They are associates In command, although In the last analysis the captains word is supreme. The cadets have an abundance of recreation. Many are amateur musicians, have their Instruments aboard and make use of the ships piano. And when some one tears off a large amount of In the Evening by the Moonlight a flood of barber shop harmony generally haunts the ship. Captain Green pointed out a number of cadets engaged in Infantry drill on the concrete docks below. This gives them a taste of military activity. Such military schooling will automatically entitle cadets to become members of the naval reserve. Cadet Instructors are capable, efficient and painstaking In their work. For them special training Is required. The skipper said that several had taken not one but numerous instruction courses. A number of them are graduates of the New York Merchant Marine academy, preferring teaching to life aboard ship where they start In as third class officers. Over sandwiches, cakes and orange pekoe In the captains quarters plans for summer were explained. We will have our regular training cruise, said the skipper, a twinkle of anticipation in his eyes, adding that we expect to shove off some time In June, take in a bit of the Atlantic for cruising purposes and touch at several European ports." These cruises are duck soup for cadets. The boys get their fingers Into navigation and engineering and, In addition, see the world first hand. Stops include many Continental and Mediterranean ports. One leaves the U. S. S. Empire State with the Impression of having seen a number of splenambitious young fellows eagerly did, clean-cut- , carving out their maritime careers, on a smart merchant training ship, under the watchful, kindly supervision of a four striper who knows his stuff. Similar activities are pursued at the other three nautical schools. ( hr Wwt.ra Nswipapsr Union.) SnUy Scz A man lately me to name the fifteen greatest American of all time. It would take me a year to make such a list, and then my list would be of amnll consequence; but I have been thinking tbe question over and writing names on plecea of paper I shall probably later use. One name on tbe list at present Is that of Julius Boson-walI admire him because his concern once got Into trouble, and he worked It out with bis own resources, Intelligence and energy; be did not unload on the public. Another name I considered wai that of Hill Armour; hie concern was very notable while he was I thought of adding the alive. name of Clem Studelmker of South Bend. Ind but hesitated when the morning pnpor announced the company he founded was In trouble. In fiilrm-s- s It should be added that the name Studelmker was widely r respited when old Clem, and blacksmith, was In control. Many great Americans hnve had their fame clouded by modern sons, sons In law, promoters, bankers nnd bond salesmen. 1 do not know exactly when It began, bnt fifteen or twenty years ago hundreds of the most prominent business men In America began bonding their concerns, either from fear of present conditions, or because of greed. Many of these bonds, at first paying enormous dividends, are now worthless. When my list of the fifteen greatest Americans is completed, the name of no man who engaged In that movement will disgrace It. wagon-make- In mingling with neighbors or strangers, I wish to conduct myself in accordance with tbe accepted rules of human association, to avoid giving an Impression I am a rude, foolish or unfair man. I am equally anxious to make a good Impression In what I write for print. I have been terribly punished by the loose and dishonest manner In which I believe our government affair have been conducted, and feel strongly that the politicians are largely to blame, but In my complaints do not wish to lead readers to believe I am a specially poor loser, or unfair or fanatical in my charges; In all my appearances, In print or In social affair, at ticket window or counter, I try to remember my manners. As a child, when I became noisy, rude or unreasonable, my gentle mother said : Remember your manners. This was the severest correction she ever Inflicted on me, and no other has Impressed me more. Sir Henry Deterding, director of a petroleum company, which under his management has grown In thir- ty years from a small concern producing cheap oil In Borneo to a position of world-widpower and All soImportance, lately wrote: lutions are simple. The complicated ones belong to politicians, would-beconomists, and the like, and are no solutions, but lead further Into the mire. I beg the reader to seriously consider this saying by a noted and honest man, for I have long believed, and often said, that all solutions are simple. When truth la difficult to get at, It Is questionable truth. e e Nothing Is ever settled. When I was a boy I heard quarreling which greatly disturbed those taking part I have heard the same quarreling about the same subjects within an hour, now that I am In my eightieth year. If, after death, I am restored to consciousness I shall be surprised, but whether I land In the bosom of Abraham or In the clutches of the devil I think I shall appreciate once knowing positively where I am at What Is the greatest trouble at I present in the United States? believe It Is crippling the best and most useful men by men less worthy. Why have we unemployment? Because the fools prevent better men from providing It (Not many will accept this reasoning, but finally the sane will; It Is sound.) by William Bruckart Just about $250,000,0)10 more tbao was received from thia source In the glgautlc set Ui last fiscal year, but th differBusiness of book sod ae- - ence In amount I mad the more algulflcaut when It la known that It Improving will mark nltbe tl,u end was registered In th last four or five moutha. Tak th month of May, of auuiber fiscal year for our This eveut will transpire for Instance, th last mouth for at Hi close of business, June 30, which final official figure have aud on the succeeding day frvsb ac- been compiled, tbe miscellaneous Incount will be o(ened and new ap- ternal revenue amounted to $93,501,-OOwhereas In May. 1932; this Item propriation will bo available out of wblib tbe government will be run was only slightly more tiian In th nest twelve months. It apeiiK, therefore, that a review Undoubtedly, th legalization of tuay well be undertaken t show, as beer bns made a vast difference In 1 believe to be true, that the low tiie total miscellaneous tax repoint of the depression was reached ceipt, although It haa not accountSometime lust winter and that now ed for all of the total by any mean. a slow but steady Improvement Treasury officials say that tbe beef taking place. Soma year will have tax Is larger than they bad anticito elapse, however, befuro the full pate! and that It may possibly avereffect of this greatest of economic age $20,000,01 si a month for a year breakdowns can tie thoroughly ap- as a whole. It has not been a tax praised and the lessons learned. that could be applied everywhere, Tills review, then, must be Confined however. And another aource of revenue Be closely at may be to an analysis of what has happened to tbe gov- should be examined to prove that an Improved condition In ernment, .bow It lias sustained It- there self under condition of the kind, business. That aource 1 receipt from tariff duties laid on Import and consideration of wliat Is schedIt wa only uled to lie or Is being accomplished. from foreign lands. That any statement as to when last summer that monthly totals of the bottom of tbe depression was tariff dutle were little more than half of the amount paid In combit will be questioned Is quite obvious. I base my statement, however, parable month of th preceding on the best barometer Hint Is availyears for the privilege of bringing able, namely, tax payments under merchandise Into tbe United States levies applied to sales of certain for sale. That condition has been merchandise. Tbe result Is definite. changed In April and May of tbit These taxes have been Increasing year customs receipts were larger In through the last four months. Ex- each period than In tbe same month perience has developed the fact that of 1932. Last month, the tariff duthe receipts do not start reaching ties yielded $20,515,000, while In tli treasury In any volume until May, 1932, they yielded only three months after the business Itself has begun to Increase. I know A complete analysis of this Item that the government authorities who read all of the signs and read them of government revenue also would call attention to consider the picture accurately, Affected by the fact that the most heartening. Price Drop Prlceof merchandise are lower now But let us get down to cold figures and let them tell the story. For by a substantial percentage than In example, we may first look at the April and May of last jeer. That treasury's books as the end of the fact Is Important because more than fiscal year passes. They show total 70 per cent of the tariff duties are receipts for the year to have been assessed on what Is called the ad valorem basis. That la, the amount around $1,! '30,000,000, and expenditures to have aggregated about of duty paid Is a percentage of the It $3,723,0t aiooo. So there la a deficit value of the article Imported becomes readily apparent, therefore, r bilof around one and lions. Tliut Is, tbe government spent that a reduction In prices has the that much more than It received In effect of reducing the amount of taxes and other revenue. It has tariff duty, and this may go so far borrowed just that much money In as to offset even an Increase lu the the year, over nnd above the re- amount of the Importations. From these brief sketches of how financing that It had to do In meetthe government has been getting It ing bonds and notes that matured. out Such a vast deficit would seem funds and the prospects pointed by the trends. It seems to be there hopelessly Insurmountable were It Is no better reason needed for opnot for the consolation of comtimistic feeling. look to we back When parison. Aside from the link between govthe fiscal year that ended June 30, ernment and business, I want to re1932, we are astounded to find that an observation which Secretary the deficit approached three billion peat Woodin made to me at the treasury more so a reduction of that dollars, the signs than one billion dollars has been the other day respecting He called attention the of times. achieved. to the fact that, without exception, At the start of the current fiscal announcements have been coming was year last July I, there every day after day in the newspapers that Indication that the total cost of govthis plant or factory or that Indusernment for the twelve months try or trade had expanded operawould be at least two and a half tions, bad taken on more workers or billion greater than Its revenues. restored to their jobs many who had Expenditures have been cut, howbeen laid off. Some of them even ever, so that the outgo during the have Increased wages. last eight months of the Hoover adThat sort of thing tells a story, BDd ministration the first four the secretary said. Factories do not months of the Roosevelt adminisput people to work unless they are tration was materially reduced. Yet the articles they make; they selling that alone could not have brought could not do it, for their money the deficit down as much as has would soon run out, but they are dohappened. The answer to the ques- ing It, and It Is absolute proof to source of the me that most of the tion concerning the supplies are exother factor lies, as I said before, in hausted and people are buying growing tax receipts. things again. And the moet pleasant thought of all Is that every time Tbe reference to Income taxes a man or woman Is put back to brings to mind a point about fedwork, they are able to buy things eral revenue that they have not had while they were Clearing Up has proved puz- -. unemployed. zllDS tomanyper-sonsa Puzzle It might be And while we are on the subject supposed that if business Is better of government expenses, President there would be more income taxes called Roosevelt paid. That is a correct supposition. attention the other President The error lies in the thought that da? ,a NosExplains these taxes are helpful Immediately. misconceppread They cannot be. They are always tion of how economies are to be aca year late Insofar as the govern- complished. He said there had been ment Is concerned, since the Income many words written about the delay taxes paid In 1933 are on Incomes In effecting reorganization of govearned or received In 1932, which ernment agencies and that In most happened to be the worst of the se- Instances, the newspaper account of In addition, the situation had left the ries of hard years. Impression there Is the condition existing that that this would cause the program results in income taxes being paid for economy to fall short of comIn two fiscal years on Incomes reThe Presiplete accomplishment ceived In one calendar year. The dent explained with some care how first and second quarterly payments savings of only small amounts are are made In March and In June, obtained through reorganization which months are In the last half of while real economies must come one fiscal year, and the payments In through elimination of functions September and December are In the such as duplicated work. first half of the succeeding fiscal It is still an open question whethyear. While that fact actually er Mr. Roosevelt will be able to makes no difference since the gov- save 25 per cent In the next year ernment gets the money anyway, It from the total of government exhappens to make a difference In the penditures as they are being recordtotals that Is of consequence when ed In the fiscal year Just ending. The the treasury Is so far behind as now 25 cent which he pledged durper In occurs. The point Is mentioned ing his campaign to cut from the order to contrast the Importance at federal budget Is slightly more than this time of receipts from these one billion dollars. It takes no taxes that have to be paid monthly, to foresee that If that soothsayer manufacturers' sales as such the amount Is lopped off from governtax on radios, cigarettes and beer, ment outgo, numerous phases of to mention only a few. government work heretofore performed either must be crimped or The miscellaneous taxes this year done away with entirely. have yielded close to $325,000,000, C. 1931, Western Newspaper Union Washington. now, Within few days tbe treasury will be closing 1 1 9. TVf nothing like e good nlght'e sloop emilo Te moko Trse optimum msm Ibmb doiog thing we bad worth while. HOME IVDIBTlT PATRONIZE The giant cactus begins to bear fruit at the age of fifty and is not fully grown until it reaches th age of one hundred years. 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