OCR Text |
Show I Trumans Reciprocal Trade Is Vital of the World To Well-Bein- g t'cn-Politic- Breaks Precedents, Hits Snags; Senate Fights to Recover Aid Slash WASHINGTON. Despite the spirited battle over extension of the reciprocal trade agreement authority, nothing which even its best friends could hope to do about it would be definitive, for everyone knew from the start that final action must be postponed until next year. Reciprocal trade agreements have been a definite part of our foreign trade policy for 14 years. If they were of any value in the past, they are But with an election a bttle more than four months off and congress trying to break a log jam of legislation, lengthy debate on the subject was impossible. hap-pen- War I, and the breakdown in foreign trade was one of 1, V J the great factors in bringing on depression. But that Isnt the only thing that tariff walls do. They tend to force isolationism, extreme nationalism on a country and behind the tariff of State Corwalls, as dell Hull used to say so often, grow the roots of war. Secretary or State Marshall stated that the Gearhart bill would destroy the substance of the reciprocal trade theory, a theory which is not only the cornerstone of our general foreign trade policy, but the principle which we have insisted must be followed by nations participating in the European recovery program. The secretary said that "only the shadow of the original act would be preserved in the substitute bill proposed by Representative Gearhart, while Its substance would be deAnd he added: "I think stroyed. our national interests would be better preserved to permit the trade agreements act to expire than to permit II. R. 6556 to be enacted. He pointed out that any serious weakening of the trade agreements act at this critical period In world affairs would "almost certainly be regarded by other countries not only as a surrender of our leadership In the International economic field, but as a repudiation of much that has been accomplished under cur leadership in that field. he meant this: Presumably When we agreed to the European recovery plan (E.C.A.), one of the things we emphasized, demanded in fact, was that the countries receiving our aid would have to break down tariff barriers against each other and the rest of the world. We knew there couldnt be economie recovery If there was not a free flow of world trade. Even before the E.C.A. was ever thought of since 1934, as a matter of fact by vigorously pursuing the reciprocal Idea, by concluding reciprocal trade treaties with so many countries (we have them with all but six or seven of the Marshall plan participants) we have encouraged the world to reduce tariff walls. Thus it would hardly seem consistent suddenly to reverse ourselves and go back to the old days of high tariff economic isolationism. The measure as the house presented it had another drawback In the eyes of Secretary Marshall and supporters of his point of view. The bill would force the President either to accept the recommendations of the federal tariff commission on adjustments above or below a certain bracket or submit them to a congressional veto. That sounds reasonable in theory, but what it does is to smash absolutely the whole basis for reciprocal trade negotiaWorld tion. A nasty little joker in the measure stating that tariff commission recommendations must be made on the principle of protecting the special interests concerned revealed the Intent of its framers. That provision would destroy the purpose of by removing trade negotiation agreements from the field of the "general good and narrowing them down to a question of whether the particular industry is to be protected from competition. Thus, not only would international relations and conditions have to be ignored entirely, but broad national interests as well. Secretary Marshall used strong words In criticizing this clause wfcca he said: "The bill. In effect, makes pure protection the sole criterion for tariff action. Very few groups outside of the big industries which want to keep down foreign competition oppose the reciprocal trade program. The great majority of the chambers of commerce are for it. Earl Ehreve, national president of the chamber of commerce, has said that any HO post-Worl- d y This Convention Is Different As the Republicans swing Into action with the greatest hope they have had for electing a president since the fifth birthday of this year's first voters, there are a number of striking contrasts to be noted between this convention in Philadelphia and former GOP conclaves. One big contrast is In the size of the audience which actually will behold the speakers as they step forward onto the rostrum. In 1940, some 10,000 people not actually in the hall witnessed the convention. Two television cameras mirrored the scenes to a fairly select audience, some of it composed of persons fortunate enough to share the hospitality of the Railroad club in the same building as the ball. There one could escape the sound and fury, the glare of the lights, the beat and aridity, and could snack and sip In a comfortable chair. This year In Philadelphia, the estimated television audience will be counted in the millions, for networks will carry the scene to viewers from Massachusetts to Cali fornia. Instead of two lonely cameras, there will be the pooled equipment and programming of the various nets. But there Is greater contrast In the Repub" an political situation than In the delegates physical surroundings between today and 1910. No one who witnessed the Willkie stampede can forget. It was just about as unorthodox a procedure as history records, for the candidate was chosen, not in the hall, nor in a smoke-filleroom either, but out in the sticks. If this Is to be a "wireless convention, the 1940 affair was a convention "by wiie. A group of amateurs, who were no amateurs when it came to organized action, was putting pressure on the "big men In every community, and the "big men were getting to bosses or to the delegates direct by telegram and telephone. The Willkie amateurs "stole the show from the professionals, and the professionals swore it never would happen again. It isn't happening this year. Another highly interesting contrast between conventions this time between 1913 and 1944 is the hectic atmosphere of today as opposed to the comparative calm then. There was a feeling back in Chicago four years ago which took the zip out of the Chicago air. Also the war overshadowed the conclave then. The National Republican (the party newspaper) started off its lead article on June 20, 1911: With the invasion news commanding the attention of the entire convention . , 41 Another contrast between and 43 Is In the attitude toward foreign policy. Then it was the most delicate question which faced the plaform committee. Today Eenatar Vandcnber has foreign policy wrapped up in a neat package signed with his name and sealed with his signet ring. That Issue is no worry t all. d high-pressur- e "Dewey-has-it-in-the-ba- r KV4- ' v ' ! - S'5?!1,' Mi, A JCfM, V - ' f 4 ' f - 4 v ' t t 4 J ODDS ON SECURITY . . . Seeking to end what he termed a desperate gamble with the nations security. Sen. Chan Gurney (Eep S. D.) (left) opened senate debate on the measure to draft youths aged 19 through 25. Chairman of the senate armed services committee, Gurney here is discussing the draft bill with Senators Leverett (Rep., Mass.) and Richard B. RusseU (Dem., Ga.). Sal-tonst- NON-POLITICA- : L Trumans Tour President Trumans swing through the West could be described as only in the sense that Mr. Truman, as a candidate for Democratic renomination, had jettisoned many of the rules of standard party politics. It was a lone wolf fight he was waging going over the heads of party leaders to talk directly to the people. And most of what he had to Say to the people concerned the Republican congress and what he termed its inaction. In Chicago, speaking before the Swedish Pioneer Centennial association, he hammered out a platform upon which he can be expected to base his chances for renomination. It, was a platform for more and better democracy. From Chicago the President, with his entourage, headed for the heart of the farm belt, Omaha, Neb, and It was there that he was set sharply back on his heels. He continued his lambasting of the Republican congress this timo concentrating on GOP farm policies in a speech at the coliseum in Omaha. Fantastically, In the coliseum which has a capacity of 10,000, fewer than 2,000 persons were present to hear Mr. Truman talk. This phenomenon was variously Interpreted. Some said the Presidents box office appeal had wilted. Others claimed the Nebraska Democratic machine had done a miserably Inadequate job in promoting his appearance. Probably closer to the truth was the plain fact that the label of the presidential trip had backfired seriously. He made a political speech and had expected to get a crowd of friendly Democrats to fill the hall for the occa. sion. But the White House previously had told the Democratic organization in Omaha to lay off the political hoop-la- , and the organization acted in compliance with those instructions. Payoff came when nobody else showed up to fill the aching void which the Democrats created by staying away. It was an unpleasant blow for the campaigning Mr. Truman and one that might produce grave political repercussions. But the President was resilient And in a more or less happy frame of mind he left Omaha on his train and rode away into the setting sun In search of happier hunting grounds. AID SLASH: Lcss Recovery ? Sen. Arthur Vandenberg was fighting mad at what the house of representatives had done to his political baby, the world recovery program, by slashing nearly a million dollars from the appropriations for the Europe-Asi- a aid bill. On the Republican foreign policy leader from Michigan rested the administration's hope of reclaiming the appropriations cut in senate action on the measure. Certainly, Vandenberg has a more than usual affinity for global aid program since it was he who labored to steer the Marshall plan to congressional approval last April. What the house had done was to approve a total foreign aid expenditure of $5,930,710,223 to be spread Ci;2st Eye Scientists and astronomers are tugging at the leash In anticipation of tire secrets of the universe which the newly dedicated tele scope atop Mount Falomar, Calif, will reveal to them. The telescope's enormous mirror almost 17 feet across will permit penetration twice as far Into space as has previously been possible and may solve the ancient problem about life on Mars. 200-inc- operators. The explosive the UMW chief that planted this time was a demand wethe operators first guarantee belfare aid for distressed miners to union bis fore they can expect contract new a sign Thus, the Lewis situation in the United States was being brought to the fore again. Already the possessor of enough government injunctions to paper the den of his Springfield, 111, home, Lewis received another one before he would consent to bargain with cothe operators on a new 1943-4ntract (The old contract expires June 30.) U. S. District Judge T. Alan inGoldsborough issued the latest to Lewis bargain junction ordering with the Southern Coal Producers association. The mine chief previously had refused to bargain with the association because the 14 member groups were being represented at the contract talks by just one man. However, Lewis bowed to the injunction and agreed to talk. In the course of this talk one of the first things he did was to call the mine operators fat cats and then wave an arrogant club at them with these words: We assume that you would deplore any impairment of your abnormal income after July 1. Such an assumption would seem to be a logical predicate for the making of a new wage agreement before that date. Briefly, it looked as though Lewis was determined to strike again. Deprived of one snag, he immediately grasped another. As a result the first round of contract talks was fruitless. EASILY Moon Over Manhattan trade it some of the that talk common Is better known magazines (not Hearst) have taken big dives in circulation . . . But over at one mag office the editors and staffers get the shakes every time they pass the newsstands in their own foyer . . The most embarrassing situation is the "returns alongside the stands right where they can see them! Midtown Vignette: In the One of the bitterest Wall street feuds involved J. P. Morgan and Despite their Andrew Carnegie. Hatfield-McCobrawl these dollar-sig- n mighties consummated one of the biggest deals in financial his tory without speaking to each other directly. Carnegie sat in one room while Morgan squatted in another. An intermediary carried messages from one to the other until the deal was completed. That transaction laid the basis for 9 J - "restrictions on or crippling of the trade agreements program would have very undesirable repercus' sions. Discontinuance or impairment would destroy consistency in United States policy and would undermine world confidence. Former Republican presidential candidate Alfred E. Landon .came exout in favor of the three-yea- r tension of the trade agreements act as urged by the administration. He said that failure to extend the act would be contrary to the Republican policy plank of 1944. Frequent public opinion polls have shown that the majority of the people favor trade treaties. In fact, persons who know what trade treaties are vote better than eight to one to retain them. Im no economic expert, but all I have ever read or heard about the old high protective tariff de bates, the experience under the Smoot-Hawlebill, the War I debt repudiation and depression would seem to indicate that the high tariff Idea should and would be dead as a dodo. If not, it means we spin the wheel backward to the grand old days of high tariffs which killed foreign trade, made it impossible for foreign countries to sell us goods and spend their money here, or to pay back the money they owed us simply to protect certain private Interests. hv , s v of even more value now. after Writer. unu&i Tins minAs usual John L. Lewis was agreeof possible ing the channels conment in the latest series of and him between discussions tract coal mine representatives of the soft (EDITORS NOTE: Vlhen opinions srs expressed in these columns, they srs those of Western Newspaper Lmons news analysts and not necessarily of this newspaper.) By BAUKIIAGE A'ctci Analyst and Commentator MAKE More Snags Tour al By Bill Schoentgen, WNU Staff Putting it backwards, the reciprocal trade agreement policy is this: If a country is prevented by a high tariff wall from selling to us, it cant get the dollars to buy from us. Or, if the country has borrowed money from us, it cant get the dollars to pay us back. Thats what MINE TALKS: NEWS ANALYSIS WEEKLY out over a period of 15 months. The administration had asked as the minimum fund needed for a period. Secretary of State George Marshall, fighting hard against the cut, had asserted that the smaller appropriation would mean putting Europe on a relief dole, rather than helping it to Its feet. But Rep. John Taber (Rep, N. Y.), chairman of the house appropriations committee, went right ahead and swung the ax. He said the funds his committee proposed were all that could be spent with any degree of prudence. Paul G. Hoffman, head of the European recovery program, said he certainly hoped congress would restore the cuts. ERP was hardest hit in the fund cut. Whereas congress previously had authorized up to 4.245 billion dollars in 12 months for that recovery project, the appropriations bill as passed by the house knocked that figure down to 4 billion dollars for 15 months. Other reductions: Assistance to Greece and Turkey was cut from 275 million to 200 million dollars and aid to China cut from 463 million to 400 million. DRAFT: Debatable Transition ! s y AVISVAV , " . VYW A f In the waning days before adjournment of congress the senate had buckled down to the task of producing action on a limited revival of the military draft. The house was waiting only for the senate to dispose of the question before its members waded into the tricky currents of a similar measure. Legislators in both houses were GERMANY : . treading gingerly about on the issue, throbbing with the knowledge that New Plan this is an election year and furtherPivotal point of a healthy ana more there are any number of prosperous Europe, Germany long American parents ready to offer has been under sc'rutiny by the Almaterial objections at the ballot box lied powers who have been searchif their boys are called up for miliing for a way to return it to the world family of nations without tary service. In the face of all this the senate, starting another squabble. nevertheless, was trying to do some Zonal partition of Germany perkind of a job. Its measure prohaps has been the biggest hindvided for the drafting of men 19 rance to the formulation of such a through 25 in sufficient numbers to plan, and Russia consistently has bring the armed services up to their objected to an auton-dmoauthorized strength. The bill would German government. to volunteer for permit Now, however, a new plan was ( a years training, thus disposing cf afoot. The U. S. and five other a universal military training act for friendly powers Britain, France. the present. Belgium, Luxembourg and The Among the side Issues that arose Netherlands revealed a scheme during the senate debate was the for in western Gerold bugaboo of civil rights After many r an abortive filibuster by At the same time notice was southern Democrats, the senate served on Russia that occupation 37 to 35 to outlaw the poll voted will remain there until the tax as a requirement for voting in troops of peace Europe Is secured. federal elections so far as members The plan calls for international of the armed forces are concerned. control of the Ruhr and for step3 Actually, it was a minor tssue, intoward a German conasmuch as most i of the seven stituent convening in the three westassembly southern poll tax states still have ern zones to a constituprepare in effect wartime suspensions of tion for approval of the participatthe tax for members of the armed ing states. services. That was the skeleton of a proUnder the senate measure the gram which might put Germany draft would be authorized for five back on its feet. years, but the program is left flexiReaction in the U S. was favorble enough so congress each year able. The state department hailed could raise or lower both the reguit as a major step toward recovery lar and reserve forces to meet in Europe, and It also was regardshifting world conditions ed as a body blow to' Russia in the Drafted men, after completing cold war. two years of service, would have But. although the plan asserted to serve in the reserve for five with some vehemence that Geryears or. as a matter of choice, many must not again be permitted volunteer for an additional year in to become an aggressive power, the regular services or two years there was some worry as to whether in the national guard. France would approve it. Does the decision to go ahead LATEST: with the political rehabilitation ol In Ilombcrs western Germany to the exclusion of Russias eastern zone mean that Army air force is developing another new long range jet bomber the defeated nation is finally and which will use propellers driven by irrevocably split? f U. S. officials dont think so. The jet turbines. It is called the XB-5theory is that although it was RusThe experimental sia itself which forced the western plane represents another effort by designers to powers to act without Russia, the overcome the high fuel consumpnew program does not preclude the tion and resulting limited range cf participation of the rest of Germany Jet bombers but still retain the jets In the new federation high speed. propollors If and when the people of the So may provide a partial answer. Ut terns want In. Jet-drive- V. S. SteeL Spivy was telling a British delegate to the U. N. about Niagara Falls how many tons of aqua fall Cross-stitc- per minute, etc. "Isnt it amazing? she said. "Whats to prevent It? was the retort. New York Story: One of the top ballyhoo men was Harry Reichen-bacwho was so good he got $1,000 easiest h of neddle-wor- k In the rose design most pop. ular of decorationsl crosses, outline and running stitch. Use this for any linens! Pattern 7358 has transfer of 20 motifs lxlll to Inches, 4x7 Send 20c (in coins) for each h, ttern to: a day from clients for special publicity . . . One day he bet George Godfrey, the Keith booking head, $100 that he could make a headliner A few days later overnight to see an act invited Godfrey Harry at Coney Island . . . Their car stalled somewhere along the Bowery and while waiting for repairs a lovely voice was heard from one of the tenements . . . They investigated . . . She was a good looker, too . . . A sewing machine girl, she said . . . Godfrey was so impressed he booked her as a "freak headliner at the Palace . . . She stopped every show the week of December 1, 1913 Later Reichenbach demanded $100 from Godfrey for winning the wager . . . She was no sweat shop worker . . . She was a prima donna, tired of laying off. pa- Circle Needlecraft Dent Randolph St. Chlcaso 80, DL Enclose 20 cents for pattern. Sewing 164 W. ... No Name Address. ... Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower, In the manner of all old warriors, probably will remain a soldier at heart till the end of his days, despite the fact that he has discarded his military trappings for the cap and gown of an educator. Ike has settled down as president of Columbia university, and thats the only kind of president he wants to be, he says. two-hou- y Some politicians were discussing hecklers. One of them said he never made a reply. "Many he explained, my years ago, father told me never to roll In the mud with a pig. Because yon both get covered with mud and the pig likes it. Old New Yorkers: At one time the Metropolitan tower was th citys loftiest and most famed edifice. That fact irked five and dime store tycoon Frank Woolworth . . . The Met Life Insurance company had once refused to give him a loan. As a result of this personal grudge Woolworth decided to top the Met tower by erecting the Woolworth skyscraper. E. W. Scripps, the founder of Scripps-Howarnewspapers, was a fighting liberal. "Im a rich man and thats dangerous, he said. "It isnt the money thats the risk. As a rich man, I live with rich men and the danger is that youll get to think like them. They know their money talks but they dont know their money does their thinking too. I dont mind cutting an editor in on the profits, but I wont let those profits make him a conservative! WITH d The wail of the M. C.: Hullo folks, my names Joe Glutz. No use askin your name. I guess you know yours! Yock-yoc. . . You wont like my talent but youve got to respect my nerve Im not nervous. Im numb! Im booked here by request, I asked them On the way to the theater a bum said he didnt have a bite In days. So I bit him! . . . I wish I was standing on a trap door, I wasnt born here but Im dying here Would you be Interested In taking some lessons In drowning? k! Double-dut- y Insedl-L- cldei Kills by onlod ,t by fun,e'- - D,tr0) ,n2 4832 ' Onounc plus soap moks 6 gollons of af foettvo ephtd spray. Plonf Me but spores beneficial Imecti. l.i Ut original actorr-staltiaintrt to insure full Urn VS 4 TOBACCO CHEMICAL CORPORATION Hicohne Specialists" KENTUCKY LOUISVILLE J, HQ izEra Buy U. S. Savings Bonds! ... of LIFE? ... Joan Arliss, back from Hollywood (for another play), was asked: "Did you ever with John Barry-more- ? high-strun- co-st- ar No, she said. "Did anybody? Broadway Chop Suey:. When gets dull they now "Can you make one word outsay: of New Door? Put down one word and thats the trick . . . Before the baseball season opened the Philadelphia Athletics were quoted in some Are you going through the fui tlonal middle age period pecul to women (38 to 52 yrs.) ? Does tl make you suffer from hot flash tire feel to nervous, Then do try Lydia E. Plnkhac Vegetable Compound to relieve su symptoms. Flnkhams Compou also has what Doctors call machlo tonic effect I 11 V LYDIA E. WHAM'S COMPOU tabl- e-talk books at 100 to 1. The odds for them to win (the American league flag) have dropped to 5 to 2. . . Tiffanys latest toy (for the Big Coin set) is a solid gold radio for your wrist or vest midget pocket rhe price is only $5,000 . . . Duesenline Pt cars will retail t $30,000 per copy , . . ir;sh fly. weight champ Rinty Montaghan had embarrassing moment at the inner in Belfast thrown for him y admirers. lie had just whipped anuel Ortiz. The guests begged demonstrate the punch iat floored Manuel The guest the n Su For You To Feel Well hoars every day, T day evT Haver topplng, tna kldoay Wtta matter from the blood. If more people were ewere of bo jw kldoeye must constantly remore piue fluid, exceae aclde end thf J4. matter that cannot atay In the bloo without Injury to health there woU. be better understanding of wAf : . whole ayttem ia upet when kidney to function properly, . ' Burning, scanty or too frequent orJ1 lion sometime! warn that aometnioi b U wronff, ou may aulTer oagg'nf ache, headarhea, dtizlneaa, rheum palm, getting up at nights, awellmf m W hv oot try J'oan be utng s medicine recommended tun country over. Doan i stimulate the tion of tha kidneys and help from fluuh out pMiionous waate blood They contain nothing hrm Get toan a today,: Lae with eooUdeone tl week. a. .ii j.. h I V |