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Show UINTAII BASIN RECORD, DUCHESNE, UTAH ILHAMS Be Farmers; Seven Per Cent Hope to Start Small Businesses Plans Reorganization Of Labor Department Secretary Undertakes Task to Knit Activities of Over 20 Agencies; Seeks New To Avert Vet-Uni- j' ' 'Vv?'- V By BAUKIIAGE News Analyst and Commentator. Service, Union Trust Btilding, mans desk by the first of September. Washington, D. C. It took Hercules Just one day to Reorganization :lean the stables where one wealthy Touchy Problem out not too sanitary man had kept The next step would logically be 10,000 oxen. At least that is the way an executive order from the PresiI heard it at Since knee. my fathers dent embodying the Schwellenbach my father pioneered in Washington to make the suggested itate in the early 90s, I wish he report With his war powers, the changes. were here now to witness another President wouldnt have to ask the Herculean a doing Washingtonian pleasure of congress. But President ob which he hopes to finish by SepTruman doesnt want the changes tember 1. he makes to be temporary affairs. I refer to Secretary Schwellen-oacwhose assignment is to put Like every other president since the department of labor in order. He Grover Cleveland, he has requested ,snt going to have to do much clean- powers to reorganize the government and never has congress ofing out, but he has been tidying up e fered a so that he can bring back under his is a Such bill pending in congress aegis most of a score of prodigal now. However, if the suggestions r, to with all do agencies, having which are scattered all over the made by Secretary Schwellenbach District of Columbia and points were considered reasonable, they might be put into a bill and passed. aorth and vest. Most of the labors of Hercules In any case they will probably be were decidedly thankless ones and presented before the other measure were given him for spite because his authorizing wider presidential auis considered. stepmother, Juno, didnt like her thority In the meantime, labor itself is children. ausbands inSchwellenbachs job is thankless tending to cloud the atmosphere as of efforts sofar any acceptance enough, but it wasnt given to to restore full, free, collective bargaining, which the pledge and various wartime restrictions have virtually suspended. The public is getting very irritated with violations of the pledge and what many feel to be union demands which, whether or not they appear fair as between labor and management, do not take the consumer into consideration. Much of the antagonism is due to the feeling of the men who resented strikes while they were in the service. Schwellenbach managed to smooth out one of the toughest veterans versus unions troubles the country ever witnessed back in his home state of Washington after the last war. He admits there is no doubt that such antagonism exists now. We may as well face it, he says. But he thinks he can handle it. One habit which Schwellenbach wants to break up, and it is assumed the President wants him to break up, is having labor disputes Schwellenbach Secretary leap-fro- g right into the lap of the e him for spite. It was given to him White House. Some of the labor department officials used to by his old friend, Harry Truman, because the President believed that, writhe every time a long, hot telelike Hercules, Schwellenbach could gram went out such as some ol deliver. He was a popular, hard- those addressed to John Lewis while working senator. He was a popular, the coal strike was going on, which judge. The requests of were signed by President Roosevelt, goddesses and presidents are com- but dictated by the War Labor mands, so the judge laid aside his board, which labor and management felt robe, rolled up his sleeves and had snubbed. These started in. that many of the questions could The first thing he found out when have been settled with the mahe reached the palatial "stables chinery which already existed within the department. on Constitution avenue was that takOf course, the War Labor board, ing care of administrative matters would keep any labor secretary as which has had all the tasks combusy as Augeas should have been plicated by the war to perform, will with his 3,000 oxen. No wonder nodie with V-- J Day, body quite dared to try to corral the Vows Impartial agencies, rightly under the authority of the department. To ad- Labor Department minister them would under the Other separate agencies dealing be an Impossible with labor will continue. The United present set-uJob. And so they grew up with their States Employment service and ths own public relations departments, and training proapprenticeship their own statistical services and le- gram are now part of the War Mangal advisors, separate entities all power commission. Social securitj going their own sweet, If sometimes is run by the social security board. If the movement to create a new conflicting, way. So the first thing that Schwellendepartment of welfare succeeds, this bach did was to get together a small new set-umight conceivably absorb social security and also ths group who knew the department, who knew organization and who childrens bureau, now under the laknew Washington, to find out if bor department The National Labor Relations something couldnt be done to knit the functions of the department board, which administers its more closely together so the head functions under the Wagner man wouldnt have to sign all the act now independent, would have done by the detravel orders and decide whether Its "housekeeping there was enough ice in the Iced partment that is, its financing, pertea in the cafeteria; and attend to sonnel and such matters would b other trivia which might better be under tire secretary of labor. Since Schwellenbach has been lr delegated. This was the first step In prepar- office he has talked to a whole strinj ing the old home to absorb Its prodi- of labor men and a whole string 01 gal children. When the new secre- management men, too. "I am not a labor official, h( tary arrived in his panneled office, he called the staff of the departsays, I am a public official. ment together and said he knew That pretty well sets up his posi that everyone agreed that there tion and, as I said, it makes his job had to be a reorganization and that so far as the lobbies of labor and each division head also probably management go, about as thanklesi agreed that his own group didnt as the labors of Hercules, Congresi need to be tampered with. Then he feels that the labor department it went ahead. supposed to look after labor inter As this is written it is hoped that ests and what Judge Schwellenbacl is shooting at is to have it operati the report of the crew of Investigators and a similar study of the with the impartiality of a court extra-mura- l activities will be com- But his chief concern now is to con pleted soon so that a comprehensive solidate under one head all govern report will be laid on President Tru- - ment activities pertaining to labor. B'NU h, carte-blanch- la-io- extra-curricul- no-stri- no-stri- old-lin- hard-workin- g old-time- p p quasi-judici- 1 BARBS A recent photograph mislabeled G I. and showing "fraternizing talking to a cute brunette was really made in England. by B Canada farm youths who were in school and this group definitely plans to seek were not classed actually as farm- governmental jobs. The federal ers. government now is by far the largest employer in the country and the Not Room for All on Land. According to the army, the monthly report of the Civil Service chances are that the nations farms commission as of May 1, the latwill not be able to absorb all of the est report, shows paid employment men planning to return to them, in in continental United States totaled A. SIIEAD WALTER By VVNU Washington Correspondent spite of the current shortage of a 2,897,077, of which 2,001,186 were in million farm workers. The army the war agencies. Of this number, Seventy-fiv- e per cent of the of- says fhat rural areas normally pro- only 252,054 are in Washington. ficers and enlisted men in the UnitWhile war cutbacks are expected ed States army have definite ideas duce more young men and women than can to be on utilized decrease this number somewhat, efficiently when about what they intend to do Another 20 the farm. The problem may very government work is expected to they get back home. well become acute the maintain the upward trend which per cent have made tentative plans wartime increase inconsidering farm produc- has prevailed since the last war. for their postwar work. A survey tion achieved more efficient use State and local governments norby the research branch of the. In- of labor on by fewer farms. mally employ more than twice as of formation and education division A little more perspective on the many persons as does the federal the army shows that: Fifty-tw- o per cent, roughly Half Will Work for Wages Once More; 8 Going to School Row. on 4,000,000 men, plan to work for Seven per cent, or about a half men. Intend to go into small businesses, retail and service trades mostly, for themselves. Ten per cent, or more than 750,000 men, plan to operate Prime Minister Attlee was in San Ernncisco an old friend he knew in England years ago invited him to dinner. There was no maid and Attlee helped the wife wash the dishes. (WIDTH ' million farms; Eight per cent, or about 600,- OF BAR r migration pattern of white. enlisted men REPRESENTS PERCENTAGE OF ALL WHITE MIGRANTS) IT-- - - plan to go to school. The remainder have made only tentative decisions or are undecided. The army, however, points out that at least three factors must be taken into consideration in Interpreting the results of the survey: (1) the length of the war; (2) economic opportunity after demobilization; (3) an increasing percentage may seriously consider attending fulltime school, opening a business or buying a farm under G.I. Bill of Rights provisions. One interesting feature of this survey reveals that 80 per cent of the white enlisted men plan to return to the states In which they lived before entering the service. This leaves 20 per cent who may migrate to another section of the country. As a matter of fact, 10 per cent, or about 750,000 men, definitely anticipate moving to another state, the other 10 per cent being still undecided. This ratio is heavier in the Negro enlisted personnel where only about expect to go back to the same state in which they resided In civilian life. Young Men Going West. The great majority plan to migrate to the Far West. Among the Negroes, the greater shift is from the South to the northeastern states. If the indicated shifts materialize among these returning servicemen they may happen as follows: 1. A rapid expansion to the Pacific coast states. 2. but on a much smaller scale into the Industrialized east north central states. 3. No net movement, o balin the New England, ancing out-g-o middle Atlantic and mountain states, and, 4. A heavy from the highly agricultural areas running from the west north central states through the1 entire tier of southern states. If the plans for 7 per cent pf our soldiers to enter business for themselves materialize, it means creation of a little more than a half million new firms in the small business field, or Just about the number which went out of business in the two-yeperiod following Pearl Harbor. A great majority of these, about 52 per cent, will enter the retail trade , . . radio stores, filling stations, shoes, hardware and general merchandise outlets. About 16 per cent plan to go into the service fields, 9 per cent into wholesale and small manufacturing, 8 per cent into transportation and public utilities, 6 per cent into construction, the other 9 per cent being spread over all other industries. Of the of a million men who plan to take up farming either as owners or farm workers, the survey shows that 9 out of 10 have had at least a year or more of e farming behind them. Only about 2 per cent have had no farming experience at all. Even the men with relatively vague plans for farming have had considerable previous farming experience. One out of four of those who seriously plan to farm, already owns a farm. These men are the least inclined to migrate, this survey shows, and the great majority of the prospective farmers plan to return to the same region from which they entered the army. By and large, they expect to go back to the same type of farm ing with which they are familiar. These of a million men who plan farming as a career, are, roughly equivalent to the total who were farming just prior to induction, although induction records show that more than a million and a half men have been taken from the farms. Xhese, hpwever, Included two-thir- in-g- ar three-quarte- full-tim- three-quarte- problem may be had by a further analysis of the intentions of these men definitely planning to farm. In the first place, the survey makes it cleat that a much larger proportion of the men want to become farm operators, by either buying or renting, than were farm operators before the war. A majority say they can count on returning to a tract of land which they or their families own or they already have in mind a specific piece of land they expect to buy or rent. However, one out of every three Indicate they will need to locate a fafm to rent or buy after leaving the army. So if the plans of all these prospective farmers materialize, there will be thousands of veterans looking for farms in the postwar period . . . and they very well may come up against a shortage of good land, which may, too, be selling at much higher prices than before the war. So there is fear on the part of the army that many of these men may be forced to settle on cheaper submarginal land. The army points out that relief would be possible on this score if large sections of public domain or reclaimed land becomes available. About one out of six veterans said they would be willing to move on such tracts of land. The same thing is true with ren as spect to the with the prospective business man . . . most of them are thinking of investing sums ranging up to $4,000. This may be compared with the department of agriculture estimates of $5,000 to $8,000 as the average cost of the family sized farm, not counting necessary tools, equipment, liveSo these prospective stock, etc. farmers will also need financial help. How many will tictually end up on the farm will depend on this aid, and on the comparative opportunities offered by industry and agriculture after the war.In conjunction with the American Historical association, the Armed Forces Institute has prepared ,a booklet entitled Shall I Take Up Farming? which is available at the Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D. C. Most Will Work for Wages. Of course by far the greatest segment of the armed forces plan to work for wages on their return. Two aspects of the plans of these four million men are noteworthy. First, d of the white enlisted only men who were employees before induction and plan to be employees after the war, definitely expect to go back to their former employers. Another say they may return, but are not sure. This leaves another million men who will either migrate and move to other jobs or who have learned new trades and expect to do different work. As a matter of fact the tendency among a large percentage of these servicemen is to aspire for work calling for a higher level of skill and in general, the proportion who plan to pursue their prewar occupations declines as one proceeds along the occupational scale. Five per cent of ... farmer-servicema- ... - one-thir- (Percent of ch Indias trade than the United States j- men PLANNING TO FARM Hiiwir i Ti, Mir . field. Favorable employment opportunities and special considerations for veterans are expected to draw probably 10 per cent of the 52 per cent who plan to work for wages and salaries, into this federal, state and local government field. Many Returning to School. Veterans counting on going back to full-tim-e school after the war is nearing the 600,000 mark. That most of these will enter college is indicated from the fact that more than 9 in 10 are high school graduates. The army points out that this war has brought about the first large decrease in college enrollment since the turn of the cenenrolltury and that ments in colleges and universities dropped 44 per cent after the first two years of war. Civilian college and university students in 1943 numbered smaller than 20 years ago. non-milita- The deficit of college trained men, particularly acute in the liberal arts and teaching fields, will continue to accumulate as the war goes on. In View of these facts, it is interesting to note that the two most popular courses picked out by servicemen are engineering and architecture, and the liberal arts and sciences. Engineering Most Popular. Other courses mentioned include business administration, medicine and dentistry, agriculture, law, education, journalism and theIn general about one man ology. in five is considering courses of study which can be classified as liberal arts and sciences, and the remainder are thinking in terms of professional and technical specialization, with engineering leading the pre-medi- c, field. Another point of particular sige school nificance is that this course will take these men out of the labor market, about half a million of them. But the same thing cannot be true of another large group, about 18 per cent additional, or about 1,300,000, who plan to attend part-tim- e school, that is work and go to school at the same time. Three-fourth- s of these students desire trade and business school courses. These also are in an older d are margroup and about ried. y There is one more section of veterans which the survey classified. These were a group of about 3 per cent, about 225,000 who said they definitely plan to stay in the army. Up to more than JO per cent who would consider under certain specific conditions. Two major considerations which will govern the actions of this segment are (1) the terms under which ments will be offered, including re tention of rank, choice of service, duration of enlistment and opportunity for commissions, and (2) the kind and opportunities for civilian jobs which will be available after the war. full-tim- one-thir- FULL-TIM- E with definite plans) :8' I."'1 " OF HEW Soetb Unclassified ' & Vest North Central V d Northeast because it will keep its price con trols on longer than we do. I had the pleasure of making twi philological predictions in the wni one-thir- government, and the five years immediately following the war are expected to see more than a million and a quarter jobs opening in this Residence prior to isdactloa IT" V" i u -- Expected residence after the var CREA1 At horn. -- Any Davor-Delici- ous , No ice crystal. No cooking -No .corched flayo? whipping Inexpensive 20 recipes in each ). Please send this ad (or free pie offer, or buy from your gioc - ' fullVCYt D1H LonDotiBam While Walter Winchell is away, this month, his column will be ducted by guest columnists. Looking Back Brand Homemade Ice Cieo con- tONOONOtmtr-83- 5 and Ahead By COMDR. JACK DEMPSEY As I take over WWs chair, I find myself at a disadvantage. I have jeen so little of Broadway in the last couple of years that I really dont know the score. My absence from the old street Is only temporary. Like every sailor, I am looking forward to wearing a Panama again, complete with a loud sports jacket and the brightest necktie I can find. That should be a matter of no more than eight months for the Nips are hanging on the ropes and the bell isnt going to save them. In the meantime I am in the Coast Guard for the duration, or as long as Uncle Sam has a job I can do. By the time this reaches you I expect to be somewhere in the Pacific. My assignment is that of military morale officer for the 11th, 12th, 13th and 14th Naval districts. Included in this group is Pearl Harbor and my duties may take me farther westward as our fleet hammers at the very doors of Hirohitos hoveL wide-brimm- If I can only hae the privilege ox holding the Mikados white horsR when Admiral Halsey mounts him for his victorious ride through downtown Tokyo it will be a bigger thrill than 1 experienced when Jess Willard failed to answer the bell for the 4th round on that sunbaked day in Toledo, 25 years ago. Speaking from experience I can assure you that a morale officer hasnt a tough assignment. Not with the Navy and the Coast Guard. I have trained thousands of seamen and I went ashore on Okinawa during that bloody campaign for the sole purpose of observing what benefits, if any, the men had received from our training program There isnt a sailor out there who doesn't dream of coming home, but none of them want to return until the shooting stops. If you could talk with them at their battle stations you would be proud of just being with them. As for myself, the war has been a wonderful, though hardly a pleasant, experience. It has been amusing, too. I was in England, the day Jack London won the British Emchampionship pire heavyweight from Tommy Mills. A British reporter asked me what I thought of Jack London and I replied that I had enjoyed reading his books and that I thought he was one of the truly great American writers. "I am so sorry, replied the startled and polite Englishman. "I was referring to Jack London, the British prize fighter, and not Jack London, the American author. I had to confess that I had never seen London fight and had no opinion to offer on the subject I have d since met London, a veteran of 32 years. His defeat by Bruce Woodcock recently came as no surprise to me, as I judged from Londons appearance that he was well past his prime. A NEW FIGHTER HOwftRO SUN -- f w- ob o utthcntt ,he - IKO ade.1 rowi Made from Premium Grains echnic ustari yM"-a- - rifit Tha Grain Are Grsatf Kellogg Com Flakei brint nearly all the protective fod meats of the whole gram deck. essential to human nutrition m V COUHi bakes Whe llen iey adio SNAPPY y FACTS ton , RUBBER -- t i Afte ( iamef a -- ade" V Tire conservation Is ImportanV P on tho fighting fronts, to contwets In a Winning slogan conducted by Stars enierm Stripes, Army newspaper, wcan(l "Bring victory, end the figkl'lenty conserve tires day ontn top night." yvvoo' A new highly maneuverable eoUr bat vehicle called the "Staghounf uses tires four feet high. Rubbst Glei required for one such tire Is equir im J alent to five passenger tires. ,lay Is building ienUl new $1,500,000 research latarn' oratory located at Breduer ville, a century-ol- d villan?1'1 between Akron and Clevsure land, Ohio. B. F. Goodrich And dged (ouch ho Stor & V bald-heade- You may have gathered sn STABILIZER Wants to Hold the White Horse REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION which came true: the addition t readers and listeners voeabularie; of tlie words "infiltrate in the mill tary sense and redeployment," post-wa- 000. auk ha ge expects to get more expected salary and wages; i.iVi When :ce ng P ,ide, irom A zawvmvw rdcr rr BEGoodiidf by now that I am still interested in the fight game. I am, and I expect to be active in it during the years that will be left to me after the war. Recently there arrived from the Argentine Abel Cestac, a young South American giant, sent to me by my old friend and foe, Luis Angel Firpo. If you know Firpo you will realize that he didnt lay out the money for his passage unless he was convinced Abel can fight. Cestac Vom Vfl tork v Ed ft, , hasnt been thoroughly tested yet, but I'm willing to take a Hes big, strong and rough. course I cant be active chance. Of in handling the South American. .While I am in uniform, Max Wax-ma- n is looking after him. Waxman has managed several champions and he has been my personal manager for a great many years. I am fortunate to be associated in a business way with Max and also with Job Amron and Louis Brooks. Because of them I have not had to make the financial sacrifice so many others had to make when they entered the armed forces. I couldnt have conducted my Broadway restaurant nor the Great Northern hotel any better than they have. Were a going concern and we are looking forward to the postwar years together. BOXING WAS GOOD TO ME Looking back from the exalted age of 50 years, I can truthfully say that boxing has been good to me. In the years just ahead 1 believe it will offer even greater opportunities to some Jack Dempsey of the future. Naturally I am convinced that (the next heavyweight champion will come from the ranks of our fighting men. It was so after World War 1 and if I am not mistaken his name was Gene Tunney, a marine. I seem to recoil meeting him on a rainy night in Philadelphia, vttWX01 t' A ukw. . x ..... fl bao a zwii kccps p n Coi itnow Jiste jorti on New cream positively stopt underarm Perspiration 0um ca 1. Not stiff, not messy Yodora ajiretdi ilk vanishing cream I Dab it on odor f tlD 2. Actually toothing Yodora can sew; right after shaving. 8. Won't rot delicate fabrics. Boga 4. Keeps soft I Yodora does not dry lnlPmd waste ; goes far. res Yet hot climata testa made by D tr'dmei ha prove tills daintier deodorant keeps t arms Immaculately sweet under the ini severe conditions. Try Yodora! In tub Bah -- '( Jars 10, 80, 60(. McKesson A R Inc., Bridgeport, Connecticut jargt nnfu YODORA DEODORANT CREAM '"cant n |