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Show UINTAH BASIN RECORD, DUCHESNE, UTAH New Committee Controls Clamor for Food Stocks Directs Allocation of Limited Supplies; Heavy Demands Made on Army to Feed Civilians in the Fighting Zones. By BAUKIIAGE Newa Analyst and Commentator. WSU Service, Union Trust Building, Washington, D. C. The fight for food is on and a lot of people who don't know theres a war going on are going to learn about it at the breakfast table. The first shot was fired in the battle of the bureaus in Washington by Food Administrator Marvin Jones early this month. Since then the President was moved to express himself on the subject at a White House press and radio conference. When he casually tosses off some comment like that it means a lot of memoranda have been written on the subject. We will have to take at least one hitch in our belts. However, the situation is not quite as black as painted but unless it is painted as black as possible it will be blacker. I choose the word black advisedly for that is the color of the markets that arise to thwart the war effort everywhere. It was a realization of this fact that caused the quiet, modest, Marvin Jones to shout a g Halt to this spree, begun in the last months by the various agencies whose job it is to get food but not to grow it. America was doing pretty well, that is the American farmer was doing pretty well making two and sometimes four blades of this and that grow where only one grew before and by teaching the cows and the chickens how to multiply. We were feeding ourselves pretty well at home, we were turning out a G.I. ration the like of which fighting men never put their teeth into (in such quantity and quality) before. Also considerable food though not nearly as much as was asked for was going out to countries in the immediate vicinity of the war zones e and under the arrangement. UNRRA was making some shipments bpt not many. soft-spok- loud-epok- lend-leas- Jones Locks Cupboard Door Administrator Jones knew about what could actually be shipped abroad and how much was needed at home and he was able, with the help of the sweating tillers of the soil, to conjure it out of terra firma. Then all of a sudden things began to happen, and the demands on Uncle Sams larder began to swell in such proportions that Jones said it would be bare as Mother Hubbard's cupboard if all the hungry folk got there before he locked the door. There just isnt that much food In the world, one of Jones lieutenants told the newsmen. There is something about the business of sowing and reaping, of breeding and feeding, of plowing, harrowing and thrashing that just cant be hurried. Jones knows that. The President knows Jones knows it and so he listened to Jones. The edict went out, no more food shipped to anybody anywhere, except for the army and navy and the Food already-agreed-upo- lend-leas- n e ship- ments, until it is approved by a committee composed of the agencies who take the food and the one which produces it. This Committee is presided over by Leo Crowley, the Presidents No. 1 trouble shooter. The army, the navy, the shipping administration and the food administrator are members of that committee. Besides feeding its own mouths the army has to feed the people in the battle areas in which it lives. You have to maintain the economy of those areas if you live and fight in them. The Germans had to do it and that is why when they departed (taking everything movable with them) the liberated areas were worse oil as far as eating went than they were before. As our army moves forward more and more areas must be fed. Also as they move ahead and lose interest in the economy of the areas farther back, or as countries become completely liberated as France, Belgium, and most of the Balkans have been, food is essential to keep the peace. There is nothing so conducive to revolution and civil strife generally as an empty stomach. The function of alleviating the distress in these countries falls to UNRRA which so far has not been able to do much. One reason for this, which applies also to countries which dont need borrowed food, but can buy it, is the BARBS To many places, a Berlin broad- cast said, the Volksturm has voluntarily given up fighting." Tire doctrine of free-witurns up in the strangest places. ll Communications The Federal commission reports a Jap broadcast which talks of important construction projects in Manchuria. Can It be the emperor is thinking of moving? lack of ships. Ships have to be used to carry war supplies. Until January such supplies a? UNRRA could send had to be sandwiched in in broken lots between guns and shells and what have you. In January two full shipments went over. And they got a hurry call to distribute food to some of the left behind areas which the army had been taking care of. These are the things which swelled the flood of demands on Marvin Jones boys. These and many others like them. Europes Distribution System Collapses There are two potential factors which will bring even heavier demands from the hungry world. One is the gradual restoration of transportation media within the devastated areas and the other is the eventual release of more shipping. The latter cannot be expected soon for even when the organized resistance in Europe ends as it might before these lines reach you many ships must be diverted for use in transporting men and supplies from Europe to the Pacific. Of course such empty bottoms as move from America to Europe can carry food but many will be in service between Europe and Asiatic waters. At present the transportation system in France and the occupied areas of France is one of the greatest deterrents to shipping food to Europe which exist. There is no use of having food pile up in ports waiting to be transshipped to the interior. One American who flew from London to Paris said that he did not see one single bridge on the 'way. Of course there are some left or the army could not be supplied, but thanks to one side or the other no bridges remain in the pathway of a retiring army if it can be helped. We have seen what happened at Remagen when the Germans failed to smash the Ludendorf span before the Yanks could grab it and use it. , A vivid example of how this destruction of transportation nas affected France is revealed in the story of the potato lamps. Normandy is a rich farming country and there is enough grain and potatoes to help feed the impoverished French cities of the interior if they could get it. But there is no fuel or light in Normandy. The Norman peasants can afford to hollow out potatoes, fill them with melted butter and attach a wick to them. That Is their only means of light. Yet if the transportation lines were going they could get some oil from other places and they could ship their butter and potatoes to people who sorely need them. At present food demands are heavy and until now the allocation of supplies has not been coordinated. Government agencies which didnt have to produce the food, ordered it. And their orders frequently overlapped. Now all demands will be screened through Crowleys committee and the food administration will not be asked the impossible. Purposely the same man is never given the job of making up quotas of desired war supplies and also of actually producing them. It has been found this is dangerous. There would be too much temptation to cut the quota to fit the available supplies. Now a certain amount of rivalry exists which forces each party to try to get a little more than he thinks he can. But there has to be someone to act as final arbiter to bring reach and grasp together with as little spillage as possible. The number of civilians employed In the United States declined to 50,- 120.000 in January, or to the lowest figure since the record high peak of 54.750.000 was reached in July, 1943, according to the Alexander Hamilton institute. Nevertheless, practically the largest possible percentage of the total labor force was employed In January. The decline in employment was thus not due to a lack of jobs but to a reduction in the available supply of labor. The reduction in the labor supply was caused partly by persons withdrawing themselves from the labor force and partly by persons entering the armed forces. No alleviation of the labor shortage is in prospect until after the war. American Life Insurance Celebrates Its 100th Anniversary by Adopting a New Actuarial Table Which Reflects Longer Life of Modern Citizen By ELMO SCOTT WATSON Released by Western Newspaper Union. The curfew shall not ring tonight for restaurants which serve meals to war woikers which may encourage some people who don't like to go home before midnight to join essential industries. flvL.H-',,,?- ' XTINETEEN fort five finds -- ! v than 70,000,000 five-yea- at .f .v 64.82. this was a husky young nation. But many of its huskiest young citizens fell victims to one disease or another, diptheria and tuberculosis being the most active. ' Many Hazards. Even as late as 1900, more than 40 out of every 100,000 people succumbed to diptheria. Today its only only one per 100,000. Europes black plague of the early 17th century wasnt much worse a scourge than the horrors of pulmonary tuberculosis over the last century. Statistics for 1900 show that this killer took 173 out of every 100,000. Today less than 40 per 100,000 die of the disease each year. For these reasons, coupled with ail the other hazards of living a century ago, the old boys scratched their heads twice before insuring their fellow men promiscuously. When Ben Miller bought the first life policy issued by Mutual Benefit Life Insurance in Newark in 1845, there were many donts tied to the policy. Ben bought $1,500 worth of insurance on his life at a premium of $51 a year with the provision that: (1.) He didnt die on the seas; (2.) he didnt leave the country; (3.) he didnt go south in the summertime; (4.) he didnt (without consent) join the army; (5.) he didnt cut his own throat to improve his wifes finances; (6.) he didnt expose his insured and valuable carcass by duelling; (7.) he religiously avoided the gallows or guillotine. . . . and so on for quite some distance in slightly more technical verbiage. Ben, it might be remarked, was one of the hardier sort, for he lived to collect his own insurance at the age of 88! While the early directors of insurance companies had no worries about clients being killed in an automobile or airplane, the 1845 citizens of Pres. James Polks nation of 27 states were liable to find themselves without a scalp if they took the covered-wagotrail west. Life insurance companies also could discount the probability of the insured dying from heart failure because of the then modest 15 million dollar public debt. Perhaps it is worth noting that over the years the increase in heart disease (and it has Increased considerably) is in ratio to the government's debt to the people now at the quite immodest figure of almost 300 billion,, a very large hunk of which is held by the same insurance companies. If as you read this, youve been hoping to find that now insurance rates will be lower because the doc '' k'x . jpe ; :: je j i of (he Brooklyn durki frora the Wall ilrect lorry in 1853. 1914-192- 1929-194- in 1845. Now you know why insurance is going to continue to cost just about the same as it has in the past. As a group, were living a lot longer and there is less risk in Insuring us. But, as a group we cost a whale of a lot to handle and the days of fancy interest returns are over. 11 ' I SXJ a- - "f ' f l J I " , ? f 4". . 4 1 ! vtw J 4- '4 ... .1, A A . ; J. ' Ki M Among the towns little heroes: Civilian defense workers wjio are still carrying on their duties. . . . Gigantic fingers of silence gripping the city at dawn. So quiet you can hear the click of traffic lights as they switch colors. . . . The touching goodbyes between soldiers and their at loved ones depots. tacks will probably take over ' padding is easy just cotton ting basted to muslin over seat and back. The cushion have a cotton filling or ma,; filled with feathers or kapoo,' rest is a simple covering job. MRS. RUTH WYETH Bedford Hills church-belloquen- ... No. 250 gives larg. ( Til write you every day, honey! . . . Sabbath morning which seems to fit the silence rather A scoop of afterthan break it. noon sun being served on a platter of whipped cream clouds. . . . cafBroadwayites clogging eterias sipping coffee while nibof conversation. bling on a side-dis- h . . . Rockefeller Center gal guides who are more arresting than any of the sights they point out. Pattern NOTE grams for all parts of the chair V with construction steps, padding aBj ering clearly illustrated. A bill oi rials giving lumber estimate, amoi padding and covering materiali eluded. To get Pattern No. 250 t, 15 cents with name and address to: Enclose 15 SPEARS New j- Drawer 10 cents for Pattern No b Name Address all-nig- SNAPPY FACTS ABOUT a is io RUBBEK Regal Fifth Ave. shopwindows crowned with luxuries a fitting tribute for the Queen of Big Town streets. . . . The hams who are walking showcases for their own personalities. . . . Garments arrayed on 10th Ave. clothes lines swaying to the tune of breezes humming by. . . . The sky coated with glowing twilight, exhibiting a visual wink which brings out the smile in anybodys spirit. . . . The enameled of Main Stem movie ushers who have all the dignity of generals. . . . Hushed conversations which cushion the velvety atmosphere of the sumptuous Music Hall lounge. A gay wind holding on tight to the dress of a chorine as it goes around her curves. red arem One government syntheiii rubber plant, operated by The B. F. Goodrich Co., in U months produced in synthetic rubber the equivalent to the rubber yield of approximately 14 million rubber trees during the same period. ce Four lumber companies ... eon Comely Travelers' Aid ladies who greet strangers with a bouquet of bright smiles. . . . The Hudson River with streaks of moonlight a view that tattoos itself into your memory. . . . Sunrise tinting the sky with a Paradise of colors as the world hands people its most priceless gift: A new day. . . . The d theaters man: The ticket collector garbed in a tux. . . . A rustle of silk heralding the approach of coming down the aisle and leaving a trail of perfume. The Empire State Building at noon cellophaned with sunshine. . . . Midtown canyons at dawn filled to the brim with hush. . . . g The aroma of roasting coffee tickling nostrils as you ride over the Brooklyn Bridge. license-fre- -in randsc fell; tin . ed. hari tel subscribed to the cost of building a private road for hauling logs fra an Oregon forest. The road b entirely on private ground and free from ail state and local regulation, and trucks can be operated ther- To less her as tl bat wedd e. Shoes made with new norubber nmarking synthetic soles are among the new items in the rubber footwear field. IS.1S i ast sc be res c ,esa oftl cob-webb- aw Harr rs; fide Sieke best-dresse- BIGoodrich ... smell-bindin- Mountains of clouds cruising over the city and making mammoth buildings insignificant. . . . Headlines on newsstands gleaming with bright war news which lights up the dimout. . . . The Flying Fortress whizzing over the Statue of Liberty and dipping its wings in a salute to the grand lady who carries a torch for Uncle Sam. Train announcers voices out their remarks as if theyyawning wished they were elsewhere. . . . Workers gulping a quick breakfast of oran-juiccoffee and doughnuts like bitter medicine they didnt want to taste. . . . Broadwayites talk through their cigars straining as stand on street corners tossing they away precious minutes they can never hope to retrieve. . . , Movie stars rushing around town convoyed by a fleet of press agents. Low Moods Are Cfte1 Related To Constfpcll81 e, The slanty penmanship 0f rain scribbling its unruly signature on window panes. . . . Darkened skyscrapers putting shadows on stilts as they stand guard over the streets all through the night. Cool, clear nights when you can even see baby stars out all staying night. . . . Agonized cries of foghorns along the waterfront sandpa-perin- g the hush of the night The lady garbed in a flowing white gown who strolls along Sixth Ave. distributing religious pamphlets. A decade ago she was a actress. . . . Mobs rushing to stores (where ciggies are sold) as if it were a gold rush.being . . . Feminuis-ance- s chin deep in mink lolling in swanky eateru, where they turn the private Lves of friends inside out. . . The hackrobalics of cabbies jeeping their way through trallic. Yea, depressed states and eonitiP' tion often go toget her I Take Na11 Remedy (NR Tablets). Containti t chemicals, no minerals, no phenol vati ves. N R Tablets are differ'' act different. Purely vesemblt- -' combination of 10 vegetable inP' ents formulated over 60 years T Uncoated or candy coated, their tion is dependable, thorough, P gentle, as millions of NR' " proved. Get a 25d Convincer Caution: Take only as directed N TOMORfOVI Alic m- V iab,oaitling orators I11 cafes trying to breathe the life of an idea into a mouthful of dead words, : ha in Ji Play r. - TABIETM2 ONE WORD SUGGiSWi . FOR ACID INDIGESTION' n TUMSPilS well-know- n : ft - hr it? 2. i ;V. i f gold-seekin- n A i At first glance it would seem that under the new mortality table, life insurance rates will be cheaper, but that Is not true. John S. Thompson, vice president - and mathematician (actuary) of the Mutual Benefit Life Insurance company, speaking for all life Insurance companies, tells why. He says: Policies now in force will not be affected, nor is it expected that policies sold in the future will be. That is because the amount of interest life insurance companies can earn on their invested funds has dropped sharply in the last few years, and their operating expenses, wages and taxes, have increased. Fewer Investment Chances. The cost of life insurance depends upon three points: (1) the number of claims paid on policyholders who die in a given year; (2) the yield or earnings from investments of reserve funds; and (3) the cost of operating the company. The war has sharply decreased the field for profitable investments, he points out. War industries are financed by the government; and the building industry, once a big field for loans, is now dormant. Thus insurance companies which formerly earned from 4 to 6 per cent on their funds, now earn only slightly more than 3 per cent. From 40 to 50 per cent of insurance company funds are invested in war bonds at an average yield of about 2 per cent. And many companies have guaranteed a 3 per cent return to their policyholders. That is why insurance rates cannot be reduced. It was a dead cinch to earn the good old 6 per cent back in 1845 and a lot more, too, even though Mutual Benefits records show that Robert L. Patterson, founder and first president, and his directors, scorned the possibility of paying big dividends by grubstaking a few of g the 49ers. Sound, conservative investments were made to protect widows and orphans. But, conservative as the investments were then, they paid handsomely as compared with todajr. Money Earns Less Than Shortly after the turn of the century, returns on invested money tightened up considerably. All this is readily reflected in overall returns to policyholders. Between 8 Mutual Benefit policyholders were getting about 2.1 per cent on their 3 dollars paid in. The picture was still trending downward to about 1.7 per cent per annum. It was vastly different in 1845. In those days the company president drew $1,500 per year just about the price of a fair cook or housekeeper on todays market. The top insurance salesman wasnt allowed to earn more than $3,000, all other earnings going beck to the company till. The rent bill was $25 per month. One of toe ranking assist-ant- s drew the good (in those days) salary of $300 per year. Today the taxes, alone, on a building occupied by one large Insurance company exceeds 10 million dollars per annum. And the charwomen on the 31st floor would laugh at an offer of $300 a year. Even the elevator boy would sneer at the same salary Robert Patterson was paid When it all began back in 1845, ''4a ry life tors are keeping us alive longer, youd better read on. r births and deaths for a period. His tables were the precursor for many others such as the English tables of 1702. But all such improved tables over the last two centuries failed to keep pace with medical science. Our first actuarial brainchild was called the American Experience table, which was brought into usage right after the Civil war. With minor changes it has continued to be the accepted base for computing life and death chances up the present time. Meanwhile the M. D.s were busily engaged In making our American Experience figures look sick. Their success in keeping the lower-ag- e groups alive longer is directly responsible for this major effort to reframe the basic structure of ail life insurance in the United States. Just by way of proving the point, in 1900 the U. S. average age was 49.24. A couple of years ago it stood 2 , all-nig- rs y A View Crowds rushing away from the Main Stem after curfew as if it were a pal who could no longer do any An beanerys favors. electric eye peering into the early one ayem darkness showing that . . . insomnia. town has the of part A ballet of spring breezes dancing through the streets. . . . The parks trees sprouting tiny buds clenched like a babys fist. . . . Tips of skyscrapers providing exclamation scenic points for the citys exciting suffering story. . . . Torch-carriee pressure, attemptfrom ing to kill a heartache with a hangover. . . . The sign in a bar: Time Tells on a Man Especially a Good Time. . . . The warm poetry of Broadway friendship which can turn into the cold prose of enmity overnight. An interesting and disheartening phenomenon. . . . Dawn coming out into the sky to put the stars to sleep. would be just as appr0priat. modern room. They are coir able too, and anyone who nail together a box can mat wooden frame. Scrap or ever boxes will do, for this fouJ J part is entirely covered. With the frame finished the with needle and thread and high-blond- year Is accidental and coincidental, rather than purposely planned. Nine years ago state Insurance commissioners and mathematical wizards of the insurance companies recognized the fact that the tremendous Improvements in medical science had made the old odds table obsolete. In the light of modern methods of prolonging human existence, a new set of life expectancy standards was needed. But figuring out these standards and fitting them to rates or fitting rates to them wasnt a simple matter. For Instance, they knew that you if you are 30 years old have a far better chance of living beyond that age than you did two decades ago. It was only a few decades ago that eight out of every thousand people died at that age. Today, thanks to more public enlightenment on medical matters and improvements in diet (including more knowledge of vitamin requirements) only two or three persons per thousand are dead at the age of 30. Rates About the Same. But even though the improvement In our life chances seemed to indicate much reduced rates, this was offset over the years by the deterioration of our interest rates and the increased cost of doing business. The problem of adjustment was threefold: (1) rates according to improved life probability; (2) company income according to lowered return on investments; and (3) company expenses as compared to the good old days when breakfast cost a nickel and the company president drew a salary of $30 per week. The insurance commissioners had a major mathematical problem before them. For the latter two points lowered earnings on invested funds and sharply rising costs of more than covdoing business ered the slight break they showed on their books because the doctors were keeping us alive longer. Nevertheless they went ahead. Alfred N. Guertin of New Jersey, was made chairman of a commissioners group to recommend the new life tables. Five other state commissioners sat with him. John S. Thompson, mathematician and vice president of the Mutual Benefit Life Insurance company of Newark, N.J. was a committee member representthe Actuarial of ing Society America. Sixteen states enacted the Guertin law, which means that the insurance companies doing business in those states can in 1945 adopt the recommendation of the Guertin committee into their future policies. The law became effective January I of this year on an optional basis but it becomes mandatory after three years, in December, 1948. flow It All Began. Centuries before Messrs. Guertin and associates took on their herculean job, a Roman named Ulpi-anu- s devised an "odds table for a few of his friends. Uiptanus was a lawyer with a flair for figures. As a matter of fact, his life expectancy charts were so good that they remained unchallenged from 220 A. D. for almost 15 centuries. Even as late as 1814, the Tuscan government used his figures. Not content with Lawyer Ulpianus findings, however, fcdmund Halley, known as the English astronomer who discovered the famous Halleys comet, undertook the Job of computing modern mortality tables in 1093. His method was the basi for present-dacomputations; namely that of using accurate vital statistics. Halley selected the city of Breslau (youve been reading about it in the war news from Silesia) for his guinea pig from 1087-9observing jt New York Picture Postcards: Americans k so rtiuc. Victorian ... who own more than 125 billion dollars worth of life insurance. As a matter of fact, the adoption A view on Broad street In front of the Stock Exchange and of the new actuarial tables In the Customs House) In New York City In 1845 when American life insurances centennial insurance (then had its beginnings. i of Chairs, THIS' pair in a '' 'v ' 1M American life insurance observing its 100th anniversary and by way of celebration its beginning to operate under a new set of actuarial tables. Until this year insurance companies have been booking life and death chances on the same basis as they were figured when the first American life policies were written away back in 1845. But this year they are discarding the old odds table and putting into effect a new one and thats a matter of prime importance to more by Baukhage The Finnish premier has called for establishing a basis of understanding and friendly relations with Russia. I'll bet his face was red. Easy to Make YouJl Upholstered Cha 'lory Ifl n,! bt , -i- SAVE YOB SCHJlf GAIN TO HELP Eior Urrj th ICTOR' uH 0! ll0 Old METAL, RUBBER and RACS m !n( Wto Un |