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Show UINTAII BASIN RECORD A English Regiment's Colors in a U. S. Army Post Chapel Recalls Day When Briton and American U. S. War Prisoners Seek 'Escape' in Camp Doings Released by Western Newspaper Union. i dispatches RECENT press Italian front re- the fact that the Kings Royal Rifle corps was one of the units of the Seventh Armored Division, which had served so brilliantly under General Montgomery in his victory over Rommel in the North African campaign and which was now a part of General Alexanders British Eighth army. To most American readers this reference to the Royal Rifles .had no special significance, although they might well have been as interested in its progress in the campaign against Kessel-ring- s Germans as in the fortunes of any regiment in Gen. Mark Clarks American Fifth By BAUKIIAGE News Analyst and Commentator. American soldiers, sailors, marines, merchant seamen held by the enemy! The officials of the Red Cross know exactly what the conditions are under which those prisoners move and live and have their being In Allied prison camps in Germany or in the more than 40 hospitals for Allied wounded in the Reich or occupied countries. They have regu- lar reports from the International Red Cross representatives who visit the camp regularly. The Red Cross says in effect: "So far as we know, the Germans have treated American prisoners in accordance with the Geneva agreement. That is all it says. But even if the Germans live up to both the spirit and the letter of the Geneva agreement, the lot of the prisoner of war is not to be envied. Recently, I studied some of the newspapers issued by men in the prison camps. Some have been released for publication. Others have not. Not that those withheld revealed any dark secrets of suffering. Quite the contrary. They simply prove what Kipling said about men who live in barracks not growing up to be plaster saints, and some of the humor might be a little, shall we say, unsaintly. The reason for this is expressed in the word escape. There are two kinds of escape which a prisoner y thinks aboutv One is a safe through the barbed wire and past r the machine guns and sentinels. If he is wise, he doesnt spend too much time on such cogitation. The official advice to POWs is "dont try It. The other kind of escape is defined by Webster as, mental distraction or relief from the bondage of reality or routine; as, literature of escape." The somewhat highly seasoned humor of some of the jokes and in the prisoners papers are, technically speaking, "literature of this and the description escape, of things they do to provide escape from the monotony of prison life. 41,234 get-awa- quick-trigge- car-Vx- Yank Ingenuity Shows In Stage Productions As always, the drama provides one of the easiest and most effec-v- e mental distractions and I am old that the time, effort and Ingenuity tfiat is put into the learning, producing, staging and costuming of plays by these men is remarkable. "The Kriegie Times, Issued by the American airmen in Stalag Luft III, in Sagan, Germany, which I s nave before me as I write, is not typical because it was an edition especially for the home (oiks. But it has a story on page one headed "theater which begins with the statement which started me off on this topic. It says, "The Kriegie (local nickname for war prisoner) is assured of escape in the theater." Then it explains that In order to accommodate the whole ramp in an auditorium which seats only 20 per cent of the members, five performances of each play are given. And they include real drama, The article records as recent pronever-di- e ductions that sure-fire- , "Charlie's farce, Aunt; "Our Town, the popular American play, nostalgic and easy to stage because it requires no scenery; "Tobacco Road," a popular, earthy piece with a run longer than the retreat from Stalingrad; "The Man Who Came To Dinner," whose appeal perhaps lies in the fact that "the man" couldnt get away, either; and "Flieger Frolics. an original musical comedy. (Flieger is flyer in German.) "Female costumes, it is explained, "are hired through Cerman per-oap- BRIEFS Special diet packages go to our men in German POW hospitals. As soon as a pusoner is captured in Germany he is taken to a transit camp where a Red Cross "capture kit is waiting. Since he usually doesnt take his baggage w,th linn Into Germany, especially if he arrives by parachute, he gets brush, comb, razor and such necessities sources when possible, usually fabricated out of sheets and mens clothing. The newspaper (a typewritten sheet) says that scenery, furniture and stage properties have been constructed from wooden Red Cross boxes and burlap, covered with magazine paper and painted with cold water paint. In another item, the paper comments that the handy man is the hero of the camp. Of course, there are sports, but limited ground space makes baseball impossible in this particular camp since a homer over the fence is irretrievable. The boys have learned to like soccer, learned from their English comrades, as a form of what they call "mass murder. Softball is a favorite sport, and with the arrival of fencing foils, fencing. There are some classes, but they are not dealt with in detail. Another nostalgic diversion was described although not admitted as such, since no note of sentimentality enters the sheet. It was a baby contest, the entrants photographs supplied, presumably, by wives from home. A "Miss Stalag Luft III was later to be selected from the pictures of wives and sweethearts. The schedule for a typical day runs like this: POWs Day Leisurely But Monotonous The day starts At 10 a. m. with l (following a breakfast of coffee, bread and jam). Then calisthenics, showers for the few designated that day (they go in lots of 24), classes, library, cooking schedules (the men take turns at the culinary arts). Mail (if there is any) is distributed at noon. Last roll-cacomes at four p. m,, then a few turns around the perimeter of the camp, supper, bridge and poker (for cigarettes). Then "some good talk, much foolish dreaming before midnight sends the Kriegie to bed with the hope ever that the new day roll-cal- ll brings peace." Of course, in this little typewritten journal which has had to pass the German censor there is only here and there a hint of certain inner feelings toward the hosts; one note on the showing of a German film speaks of a none too spellbound audience." It is difficult to get an intimate view of a prisoners life from these brief notes or, indeed, from the letters the prisoners write home. But those persons who have read all the confidential reports and also many letters passed on to them by relations tell me two things: one, that, generally speaking, American prisoners in German camps are not badly treated and are not in want: second, the first months are the hardest. Most prisoners build up some kind of "escape" mechanism and manage to keep up their spirits and morale by adapting themselves to their environment. Naturally, the question is fre quently asked: "What are we doing for our prisoners in Germany? The thing they want most is provided for most of them letters from home. The next are the food packages which are paid for by the army, packed by volunteer work eis and shipped by the Red Cross from their four shipping centers army. For the fact is that the Royal Rifle corps is intimately associated with the history of this country. It is the lineal descendant of a regiment which helped gain one of the most brilliant victories ever won on the North American continent, thereby giving to American colonial history one of its greatest military heroes. Known originally as the 62nd Loyal American Provincials, the regiment was later christened the 60th Royal Americans and this was the name It bore when its leader, Col. Henry Bouquet, snatched victory from what seemed certain defeat at the Battle of Bushy Run, marched on to raise the siege of Fort Pitt and gave the deathblow to Pontiacs Conspiracy. A New Era in Military Science. One thing which distinguishes the Battle of Bushy Run from all other engagements in our history is that here Colonel Bouquet established an American tradition of tactical resiliency and readiness to adapt methods to new requirements which has culminated in the military innovations of World War II, such as the new techniques of jungle fighting against the Japs and of air combat against the German Luftwaffe. In a day when battles were fought strictly according to rule, Bouquet, a superb tactician, dared to disregard the rules and to "improvise on the battlefield, thereby marking the beginning of a new era in military science. Bouquet was a soldier of fortune, born in Switzerland in 1719. In 1754, at the outbreak of the war between France and Great Britain in America, he became lieutenant colonel of the newly organized 62nd Loyal American Provincials, which was to become the 60th Royal Americans three years later and eventually the Kings Royal Rifle corps. He came to America in 1756, and served under General Forbes in the capture of Fort Duquesne, the French post at the Forks of the Ohio which was rebuilt and named Fort Pitt. Five years later, in May, 1763, the conspiracy of Pontiac, the great Ottawa chieftain, broke like a storm along tlie frontier. One after an- - two in New York, one in Philadelphia and one in St. Louis. Most of the packages, assembled like motor cars on a moving line, are packed by loVing hands that group which bears the scars of war as deeply as the combatants themselves, and described prosaically in army language as "the next of kin." These packages go, one for each prisoner, every week. The prisoners also can receive personal packages every 60 days They get books and other prescribed articles. The Red Cross has eight ships of its own which, up until recently have been landing regularly at Marseille, where packages have been shipped in sealed cars to Switzer-land- COL, HENRY BOUQUET other the chain of British posts fell, either from treacherous attack or from assault by overwhelming forces of Indians. Only Detroit find Fort Pitt held out and if the latter post fell, Pontiac might well make good his threat to "drive the English into the sea. In this crisis the Swiss adventurer These goods went through un was called upon to save the day molested. Lately some of the ship by marching to the relief of Fort ments have been made to Lisbon Pitt. It is no overstatement to call and on smaller shuttle his expedition a "forlorn hope. vessels. The disruption of traffic it for when he arrived at Carlisle late Germany has recently interfered in June, he found there neither adewith the system. Other routes are quate stores nor transport which he had ordered only being planned. refugees from the west. He had a panic-stricke- Many of the German prisoners 'It'' p c ol war captured in Normandy hav volunteered to help with the har vest in Great Britain. All major youth organizations an cooperating in the drive to raise at army ol school age milkweed pt harvesters Ui order to get milkweoi (loss netxled to replace kap k 111 lit, jackets tor the aimed foiees "Bouquet was the most brilliant leader of light inffintry that the French and Indian War projuced. Had he survived until the Revolution, Bouquet would is the reasonable surmise against his erstwhile s and friends In the Colonies have pitted his battalions with the ruthless efficiency of the proE. Douglas fessional soldier." Branch in a talk before WESTERN-EUin Chicago. July, 1944. "It seems a heartless thing to say, fellow-officer- You want a band. While Walter Winchell is away, this month, his column will ba conducted by guest columnists. .V. Xrjwdi&zzcc: i Colors of the 60th Ro'yal Americans in the Chapel of Saint Cornelius the Centurion, Governors Island, New York. force of little more than 500 men, composed of a detachment of his own regiment, the 60th Royal Americans, and portions of two regiments, the 42nd Highlanders (the famous "Black Watch) and the 77th (Montgomerys) Highlanders, which had recently been invalided home from the West Indies. With this Bouquet army reached Fort Bedford, the first leg of his journey, on July 25. There a force of experienced rangers joined him and they proved invaluable as an advance guard against ambush. By August 5 he was nearing his goal. About noon of that day, after a forced march of 17 miles through the hot forests, he reached a place called Edge Hill, 25 miles from Fort Pitt. Suddenly there were rifle shots ahead and screaming The Indians had attacked his advance guard. The two light infantry companies of the "Black Watch" went to their support and scattered the Indians. But they came swarming back immediately and within a short time his little army was surrounded and fighting for their lives behind a hastily constructed defense on top of the hilL By nightfall Bouquets losses, in killed and wounded, were more than 60 officers and men. A Desperate Situation. It was probably as desperate a situation as any military commander had ever faced. In the dark forest around him swarmed a force of savages three or four times the size of his. Flushed with their recent successes in capturing the British posts and remembering how they had overwhelmed Braddock, who had more than three times as many soldiers as did Bouquet, the Indians were confident ol another great victory. Outside the little circle of piled-usupplies, which formed the wails of his fort," lay the bodies of 25 soldiers, killed in the fighting that afternoon. Inside there was suffering from undressed wounds and heat and thirst. For there was little water to be had except for a few precious mouthfuls, brought in the hats of some of the rangers who risked their lives to creep down to a spring nearby to get it The hot dawn of August 6, 1763, brought a renewal of the Indian attack. Slowly but surely their plunging fire cut down the number of defenders on the hill. At last, Bouquet, seeing that destruction of his command was inevitable if this unequal kind of fighting continued, resolved to attempt one risky maneuver and wager, everything on one desperate chance. If he could get the enemy out into the open long enough to give his Highlanders an opportunity for a bayonet charge, one such decisive stroke might end the affair. Explaining clearly to his men what he wanted them to do, so there would be no mistake and no confusion when the crisis came, Bouquet ordered the two companies of Highlanders to withdraw suddenly from the line, retreat rapidly across the hill until they reached a little ravine which ran along one side of the eminence. They were then to advance down this ravine and be ready to attack from it when necessary. Meanwhile the Royal Americans were to extend their line across the hill to replace the Highlanders. As the kilted Scotsmen withdrew, the Indians, seeing this maneuver and believing it to be the beginning of a retreat, came screeching out from their hiding places like a pack of famished wolves. Charging out into the open they struck the thin 200-mi- p but the bullet that struck down Wolfe on the riains of Abraham, and the fever that carried Bouquet away at Pensacola, did good service to the country destined to become the United States of America; for they were such accomplished soldiers, men of such talent and genius, that had they been In command of the Bri'ish forces in the War of the Revolution, that struggle might have been shorter and its results possibly vastly different. They were both young In- dians faced about and returned the fire. But before they could reload, the Highlanders were bearing down upon then with their bayonetted guns and the red men realized that they were trapped. Then Bouquet put the finishing touch upon his daring maneuver. Once more taking a desperate chance, he again broke his line and threw two companies out of the circle on the other flank of the enemy. The flying Indians, retreating before the grim-face- d Highlanders, ran squarely into the Royal Americans and withered away before the volley which swept their line. A few moments later the savages had fled, leaving Bouquet and his men in full possession of the field. It had been a dearly bought victory. Fifty of his men had been killed, 60 wounded and five were missing, a total casualty list of 115, nearly a fourth of his entire force. But Bouquet had saved his army. Fort Pitt and Pennsylvania. It took him four long days to march the remaining 25 miles to Fort Pitt. But the Indians had had enough. They had suffered a loss of more than 60 killed and many more wounded. There was little opposition to his advance and when he reached that outpost and raised the siege, it sounded the death knell to the high hopes of the great Pontiac. Within a year the Ottawas confederation of tribes had collapsed and the last threat to English occupation of North America was ended. The next year Bouquet scored an equally briliant success in an expedition into the heart of the Indian country beyond the Ohio. With two Pennsylvania battalions he cut a road into the wilderness of the Muskingum valley. There he summoned the Indians to a council to demand, not merely ask, that they cease their raids upon the English settlements. Moreover, he demanded and secured the release of more than 300 white captives who were restored to their families. Bouquets brilliant campaigning brought him the thanks of the King and the colonial assemblies of VirHe was ginia and Pennsylvania. but promoted to brigadier-genera- l he did not live long to enjoy his honors. He died of the yellow fever at Fort St. George (Pensacola, Fla.) in 1766. The great commander of the 60th Royal Americans might die, .but the regiment lived on. After Bouquets death, British troops in the South were commanded by Augustine t, another Swiss adventurer who had become lieutenant colonel in command of the 60th in 1761. During the Revolution the regiment was in the expedition led by Prevost which marched north to the conn quest of Georgia and the first took part in the successful defense of Savannah in 1779, against a combined French and American Pre-vos- bat-talio- force. In the Revolution. of the regiment fought with Lord Rawdon at Hobkirks Hill and were with Lord Cornwallis at the Battle of Guildford Court House. It was also with that luckless commander when he laid down his arms and surrendered to Washington at Yorktown in 1781. But whatever enmities, growing out of the Revolution. there may have been between Briton and American they have long since been forgotten. Today there hangs in the Chapel of Saint Cornelius the Centurion on Governors island, New York, the colors of the 60th Royal Americans (pictured above). They were presented to the chapel in 1921 by Field Marshal Lord Grenfell on behalf of the officers and men of the Kings Royal Rifle corps, lineal descendant of the 60th Royal Americans. At that time they were the symbol of a tradition shared by the Brit:b army and the American army the tradition of Britons and Americans fignt-inand dying side by side while fighting a savage foe in the forests of western Pennsylvania one hot August day back in 1763. Today those colors are a symbol of the same tradition the tradition of Britons and Americans fighting and dying side by side in Tunisia, in Italy and in B'rance. Parts g Might Have Ended Differently If . . enough men when they died to have been available for service in 1775. "We do not find such another fighter as this gallant Swiss in the colonial records, and It is note worthy that the same sort of troops as were found entirely inadequate to the situation when led by Brad dock, proved themselves heroes in deed when under the command of a greater and abler man. Townsend Brady In "Border and Fighters." day passing 'Chatting with my time away 'Singing in the shadows underneath the trees; eating 'Goodness how GOOBER PEAS!" Thats an old Civil war song. And t goes to show that in all wars in the soldier's mind is ood. I should spell that word with lipitals FOOD. piano, 0 CH. Bn he In Old England A country doctor on his ro rowly escaped running 0ler Guard writhing in apparent the middle of the road. Stop he got out, bent oter the man " Whats the matter? If heres, There isnt any pain, plied. This road is S'lpposc deep river, and I can only back." Cyrus Fichu Terr; an Vi) MessK .4 Top- - bleak an 'he coiilc town. fathei bo) lot strip on the ts s el I - store. mess-male- The Finishing Touch, Although greatly surprised, the ' mu square. mob. ft i The American Revolution by Baukhage 4 w T's Maybe That Too No, Elmer, I cant The man whom rm marry must be upr and weakened line of the Royal Americans which began to waver under the force of the savage onset. Lady, Learn to Cook or For a moment the Issue hung in a Your GI Will Go Home the balance with disaster just hairsbreadth away. Then the RoyTo the Army! al Americans stiffened their resistanBy of Captain Ben Irvin Butler the Out ce-just long enough Founder sod President of the Society of ravine came charging the HighlandAmateur Cbeis.) ers who poured a volley at point-blan- k roadside on a Summer the 'Sitting by range into the flank of the red By ELMO SCOTT WATSON corded WNU Service, Union Trust Building, Washington, D. C. It Is not often that we get direct communication from Americans in Germany, and so I am not ashamed to say that when I perused a communication from that source, I did not at first recognize what the frequently used abbreviation POW stood for. Comparatively few Americans know the meaning of those three letters; perhaps none know what they mean to the POW himself. POW is prisoner of war. According to the latest figures I have from the war department there are now "O Fought Side by Side to Win Historic Victory Yanks Like Plays and Develop Liking for Soccer Football, but Letters From Home Greatest Source of Cheer. W ey had be In the Race ;rte ones Three young men were I fcnby the i of their height. jcTisthinS Look at me, said To six feet two and a half gay woi ole in his stockinged feet. All right, put in Diet jted friend six feet five and three-- zen years ad develo with my hat on. And I can beat the lot added Harry. Im seve the Buck eight with my umbrella i of weight man o Zora Layman, the radio and artist, sang Eating Goober .oned eas the other night at a cocktail was red with it whether know I dont tarty. he ha Lay-nan- s Zora pa'h but or what, ler singing If his po song practically started a ins friend lot I was the center of it alL ME!asthel The women at the party began isking me questions. They wanted nr Business Opportu: pmg 0 know all about Army food. And an met pj lelieve me, I told em! I told them of r ELECT ROOSEVELT. Mail 10th as an Corps captain and copies big hit' Victory song ftin, si grown Ama-eur Tune: TRUE. Red River Val'e is the founder of the Society of Metre Station, Los Angeles 55, c. Ws Bill York New exclusive an Chefs, Ins fath tlub composed of famous men who Dian iffe OFFICE EQUtPME nake a hobby of cooking. town hn AND WE BUT SELL First of all, I explained about this Office Furniture, Files, Typewr-;ea their fi lusiness of KP. Safes Cash Rep n they h lng Machines. SALT LAKE DESK EXCHt The movies and fiction have paint-i- d U West Broadway, Lak, Cn pf gang! of a business as pf countr kaypee mostly eeling potatoes and cleaning garq road r; Used Cars Trail afe Terr age cans. But thats a lot of Many soldiers try to get on ard hitch FOR IP. And why not the kitchen Is one t Evan if the warmest spots around the men ir vnuijJU amp in the Winter time. The du-lM hats wi are easy enough. And theres of the ilways the pick of a it the a arder from which to select ones d care, ood. Im not kidding. Instead of teing a punishment job handed out Drd would ty the army to recalcitrants, kaypee t welci 1 one detail GI Joe doesnt mind. e comer Get Your War Bonit According to Bill Rhode, who vans wait To Help Ax the M was of one of the editors I Gourmet, nany of their fan letters come from biskei oldiers and sailors. I had lunch r bp the yith Bill the other day and he toW sane lot ne how many requests for epicure-i- n kd the d brouf recipes there had been from oen in the various services. That wenty 'ery day, hed received a letter from noddec in Admiral asking how to smoke h pal? lerring. ud m The slogan, the best fed Army i door D the world, has been tbssed vatchir iround a great deal. People dont s Lee my longer grasp entirely what it d man neans. rNate The Army kitchen is no harum-icaruAll the affair. In many instances y me en t is an electrical job, spic and span, s Terry iffering an open Invitation to good Olivia "nr(a.parently lookery. It has everything in the tecoffljkhd hu star of the vay of equipment and, believe me, ier W has mind he medical officers see to it that it rent bi Calox footb y s as sanitary as a kitchen can T00jjj( ut like si that shine. be made. No foolin you can PoD ia had In CM-O- X ust about see your face in the bot-ohid count of an Army garbage can. tse of da Thousands of Army lads have i een carefully trained in cooking, asked mtchering and baking and most of Wine hem have become good cooks. hard t Jome, at least, have become suppli cooks, although perhaps Tithe And then, of course, some e big will never learn. Hence the disUmoiuai sisiim m o joy s Qua: crepancy between reports from vaMale r King Heralds rious camps and units. Some men FREE I mi, f,M. 3 .ng hl IMTUO Wtf JUHIOi JPANiSM IUIUJ will rave about the food they EOT S.hounJ KUTA KOVO in their outfit. Others will r th( TT O KIDO UF1 KVNU teep on yearning for Mothers beef 1 am? KSH KOH KOB rtew and apple pie. But, take it h les Slat Irom me, very few are telling their Newspaper logs Show Olhor y a TTT"g jals what wonderful cook the girl ti was s they left behind. t in Je And theres something else I told t ten a he ladies at the cocktail party to n J a f rH 1 1 . e I fe killu CLASSIFI! DEPART ct-- ex-A- Ir -- i bt non-ens- e. es liiM well-stocke- d J ,1a m pos-dbl- m effi-de- 6 M H ponder over. Though the Army food wins no iquawks, the GIs occasionally yearn or the finer things of life. For a nephew of mine, John Piper, who Is an Army pilot somewhere In the South Pacific, upon learning that I was back in New York, wrote to me for a recipe for Wild Duck a la Press. My old mess sergeant, now stationed in a southern climate, inquired as to how to make a tart lime marmalade. Another inquiry came to me from I service man far away Ill let you guess asking how to make "Tuiles. These are thin wafers that accompany curry when the latter is served in the elegant manner. An officer connected with the Armys dietary service told me that hed had an inquiry from a mess lergeant asking how to make wine out of berries a reasonable enough request only the Army doesnt give out with answers to such questions. They Know Now All Food Doesn't Come Out of Cans 1 With repeal came the renaissance of American gastronomy. Slowly, an Interest In good food returned But with the War, millions of boys are learning and discovering that all food does not come out of tin cans. And this interest is growing by leaps and bounds. In camps, soldiers have eaten freshly baked bread and the old "cotton wadding type of bread from the corner grocery store won't have much appeal to these boys la the future. loo ry ness. kno )u ike c, ger w t V For relief from the (Hur nd lai Pilee, PAZO ointment has born fw' S's for more than thirty years Here gleai First, PAZO ointment soothes i the areas, relieves pain and ilchint hr PAZO ointnnt lubncatei They dried ptrlft helps present rc' w ut yot soreness. Third. PAZO ointment btc ! reduce ewelling and kii Fourth, it'a easy lo use. P7'!;,., menta perforated Pila itin N plication simple, thorough. ittr can tell you about PAZO ointment You f Hr wrsnYfOTeJEU ,id nay." Haw itne iWSf) Barcas 1 Do You Hate HOT FLASHES If you suffer from hot fiastie weak, nervous, a bit blu,,! all due to the functional ave" period peculiar to orr,r Lvdla E. Plnkhams Vegetable pound to relieve such svmp1it Taken regularly Plnkbsmm pound helps build upsvmP1 apalnst such annoying Plnkham's Compound U It especially for women kind Ol ture and that's the label cine to buy Follow dir( I LYDIA d 41 m E. PiNKHAMScoj an' |