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Show THE SPANISH FORK PRESS. SPANISH FORK. UTAH The Relation of the Press to Utahs State Road Program RY HON. HENRY II. BLOOD Member Utah tat Road Commia&lon In Common with other state of th lie and on road there they will da eral Bureau of Roads ha fut reL Birni, Uuh has undertaken an ambt. ill furthering th general plan cently approved the etato'a design, Bal itoua fu4 building program. th of the which tuck I th tiuo of io mil on tho 7 pr rent th guvernment, build. government purpose (a road tracer th fur eystent. The highway Ih tut and th founts- - I rontrurt generalng of Improved tia. Th Hat rued rommie-alo- n moat populous section a of th atate, runnert-- d system of improved high make a Dura t Ion of fund t and when improved will eerv court over uill-ih- fr - ttl lfh Important renter, and that will provid ih maxi, inum of local ronrbe, aa well aa form Interstate a ad trunk tinea of highway, Tha interatat roads r to form connertiona at tut tin with timtlar highways being con Iructed In adjoining elates. In this ttupendoua undertaking, tha federal government haa tnlUUd th aerviee of Ih heat nrinerinf thill In th country. Krerr phaao of road building la he tnc mad th tubjeet ot aeientifi study, and road constructed today ar far aupertor t thoa Utd a few year ago. Conrreta haa bran liberal In lu appropriation. It a t iuia aeven year ainre th nty Fed-er- a! Aid ayatem waa Inaugurated, and In. that tim tha Conrrtw haa appro- i I priated or authorised appropriation toulmc IS40.OUO.000. About half of thla aum haa been paid out for work Accomplished, th batanc la either available for payment for work now In progreaa, or will become available a new project ar Initiated during ftacal I pa IJ yean 1923, 1921 and 1923. eounti or luraliue a such, but initiate project In conformity with the general mheme. Tho romniUaion at preaent organized make no division of tho tat, but attempt to administer It affair with due regard for the intervals of all concerned. rrderal Aid Road Utah haa a total road milear of 21.667 mile. Of thla total, 81484 art atat roads, th batanc coming under th bead of county road. Th . federal law, appreved Nov. 8, 1921, limit government aid to 7 per rent of th total road mileage, or 1684 mile. Th. mileage divided Into primary and eecondary roada, th primary to b Interatato highway and th eecondary latervounly road, with no difference In th construction standards on th two rtauea of road. It will thue be seen that federal all can bo applied on only about half the tout auto road mileage, Tbo Fed f Coverament I'artlclpation W thla vaat road 1913-191- 4 " pUn ttnder fund la t b I on of co- 1916 ipendd operation between th federal gov- 1918 ernment and tha aUt; that La to ay. It la baaicatly a th aUtea to furnish halfpropoaition, the toUl roet of tha roada and the government the other half. However, in th public land Ut( an atiowanca la mad for unpatented Undo, which, of rouran, nr owned by th government. For it ownerahfp of the land th government pay to tha Ute additional sum to b applied on road building eoau la proportion to tha amount at public landa within the several states. Utah la on of tha largo public land states, and thla auto receive from tho 244542 per cent of tho tout eoet of federal aid roads as the public land proportion of tha coat This la in effect a special road tan paid on government onpnUnted lands, and it la turned over to tho sUte and applied as part of tho aUta's 60 per cent of road cotta. This 244642 per cent added to tho government's 60 cent brings the toUl government per to 744642, and reduces th Ute'a percentage to 25J468. Only one other sUte in tho Union geu a larger percenUg of help from th federal government and that la Nevada, wher tha proportion of unpat-ante-d to patented Undo Is That aUt receives federal aid larger. to the toUl percenUg of 874268. Since the exhaustion of the sUU road bond funds, th counties have been called upon to supply the amount necessary to match federal aid allotments. Engineering Coats The gonerous help given by the government baa made necessary calling into existence thoroughly organized road denartmenU in all of the states. The federal aid plan demands that this organization shall be efficient and well equipped to handle the immense volume of work incident to the economical expenditure of eUte and federal funds. The result is that in UUh, as in other sUtes, the effort bas been to secure skilled men, in road building work, specialist which has come to be recognized as a separate and very important branch of engineering. Considering the comparatively short time since scientific road construction was commenced, there has been wonderful progress, and each year finds new and improved methods applied to this work. One has but to compare recent construction with work done five, six or seven years ago to be convinced that the outlay for engineering investigation and supervision has been a profitable investment. In this connection, It might be well to say that perhaps the agiUtion which in the past has been aimed against engineering cosU of highway construction has not always been timely or deserved. It is not meant by this that perfection has been attained, or that in the past there have not been misUkes. On the contrary, errors have crept into the work, and 60-5- 0 gov-ornmr- nt per-cenU- ga costs may at times have been excessive as a result. What is meant is that all of this has been incident to the development of the science of road construction. No big thing has ever been brought about without costly experimentation; and in road building it will doubtless be found, on investigation, that such mistakes as have been made have been made guide-post- s to better work in the future. So far as Utah is concerned, the effort has been to secure the services of the best men in every department, and engineering costs, as well as other items entering into the work, are subjected to the closest and most constant scrutiny. If it seems to those who are observers from outside of the organization that engineering costs should be cut, it is well to remember that the Federal Bureau of Roads demands high efficiency in that department, and no plans are approved until the requisite engineering has been done. Inasmuch as the government is paying about three-fourtof the costs, and bearing in mind that it has established construction standards that have to be attained, it will need no argument to show that the state road commission must maintain its engineering department as a highly efficient organization. It is economy to do so. Use of Federal Funds It is felt that in some quarters there is a misunderstanding as to the use to be made of federal funds allotted to Utah. From statements that occasionally are made, it would seem that the idea is prevalent that certain definite portions of the funds belong to certain counties, or sections of the state. This is a mistake. The federal funds are allotted to the state as a whole, and' they are to be expended under the direction of the state road commission, in cooperation with tha Federal Bureau of Roads, in locali- hs -- Not -- rM. SecUn 860 (trrl f. 0. 6. DH .dml nrity rfud :x un-l.ke- ly jha Ted ttsinUNUM segregated (e i'sti,iSH 663.61643 839468.88 Not segregated ! 4046341 99.103.41 114.211.44 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 fO n diverting an undue amount of th ! tutted aid to this project, hut enough ha boon said to Indicate th for action In alluittng the fund. Indeed, had th commlo to do , it la not tmpoiM lic having about 93 per cent of th that Ih federal aid frog ram In th boon hav tio of Utah would population. amt It ta not Up to tho preaent tim about 23 brought to Inohalt, other project would that per rent of th primary and eecondary been approved unul Ibu reeystema haa been constructed under hav bad born ' granted, standard specification. In addition quest has no In this discuMton, attempt construcunder the now or la thla, of all t mad covr bvn faced roads mile 80 of tion gravel aui Tim road Utah's building program. 8 16 mile concrete and of paving, total cost wttl not permit. Itut It should bo sold with ami eight bridr of 11,120,000. The 1923 program In- that th present road commission ofcorits clude 148 mile of graveled roada dially invite your Investigation and 12 milea of bard aurfaeed pave- problems. w Our rocorda ar open to invit your eonatrortjva ment, In addition to th mileag now you, and under ronetrucUon. Th coat of th rrmetam. Your funrtlon ta to lainform beat Your Influence graveUd road will bo about 1 1.136.000, tho public. aa you and of tha bard aurfaeed roada, $000,. ezartod when you giro out, and upOoo. Project proposed for construc- always aim t do, correct Yonr relation tion la 1924 and 1923 will Involve th building Information. Imto our problem, therefore, la aa expenditure of 11438.000. Aa a matter of geneaal Information portant on. The public is entitled tho following tabulation of road ex- to know, through your publication, la given, covering th a hat la being don by th road dependiture a by other atat period alnco th organization of th partment, a wll If w hav Information agencies. slat road contra lesion in 1909; that you need. It la your for th TWtsI Tse tu J ."7,1 228.10849 604,003.00 426464.41 212.263.02 193470.03 8814-39.6- 748434.76 618.133.69 1497.66241 2443463.63 841348740 2489,61248 2,18 14 16. GO TUd geeeaaM I r (mm insiss s4 633,61343 839468.86 42249346 846,038.16 732447.03 1423,770.90 8.047468.63 'll . 6, ge two-stag- approve Chevrolet ta badlal In th great shift of public tfemaai to closed core borauso thla cootpany ho th worlds closed Mira and faetUilea for inaiiuiari tiring la I barrier obi to oiler ariaa tovpra sod avdaoortos 1 prices within cosy raoch 4 tho avorsg Antorksa family. Six large body plant adjoining Chovrolot assembly plant onabl us to mako prompt deUvorie of tho much wanted wasi tarft high-gra- am closed car. Aa soon aa you rcwlU that your transportation roqulro-men- ! closed car, aen demand th year 'round, Chevrolet frC and learn bow fully wo can moot tout requirement at th lowest cost obtains hi in n modern closed automobUn. frfew Flint, 0 Pit hlgh-grsd- o .nh Tw-r- Hkh. . .fM' art fm.rM.iMM 4 3 M--r t . Si ImssiMUssS, Pater bew lm Urn 1. 1 Dcnlers tml Service Station Everywhere tun, Iwt-t- Motor Company Chevrolet DMUm oCowral Motor Corporation Detroit, Mich. a in a rw . i lb 8.740,262.21 Inter-mounta- Car for Every Family All-Ye- ar feiyaaH Jt IwoWhI fgzaowwvovl asking. Romeo n has said, "Thar la nothing that new under th auit," It even road building by government aid haa com down to ua from antiquity. A rhymester, wh delved Into ancient hiatory for a parallel case, gave vent to this: CAE5AR WAS A WISE OLD GUY When Caesar took a westward rids. 2.601463.60 And grabbed th Caula for Romo, 2473,191.69 What was tha first thing that h did To make them feel at bom? Totals --t 1417.975.71 14.768,42648 16,684,401.79 Did h increase th people's load And liberty forbid T Type of Road of highway. It bo Interesting ho dug In and bailt Good Roada Utah has constructed a very ex- to tndicato what might other states ar do- No; tensive mileage of hard aurfaeed ing in thia respect. A consideration That's what old Caeaar did. roada and th demand for a continua- of comparative road mileag will ahow Did Caesar put th Iron heel tion of thla policy haa In aom tac- that In Utah tho policy of building Upon th fomn breast? tion been quit Insistent. It haa been bard surfaced highways haa bea car- Or did b try to make them feat found, however, that th allotment ried further than In any other Roman rul waa beet! of federal funda Is to limited as to state. Tha following tabu- That What did ho do to make tham (tad make it impoaaiblo to meet all of th lation will prova of intcraat In this II cams their lands amid? requirement for this expensive typ connection: II built Good Road in plac of bad That' what old Caesar did. Datn on Proposed 7 System aa f December 20, 1922 MUa II built Good Roods from hill to hillj Tatal Hiekvar Mila Mila tmMsIg Sill S Mlla Trsa Good Roads from val to val. Colorado 48,000 8460 72 8460 166 1444 Ho ran n good roads movement Idaho Rom got all tha kale. 40400 2414 62 2,772 1487 Till Montana 67,100 26 470 He told th folks to buy a homo. 6,697 4,67 Nevada 22,000 144d 1420 84 230 Build roads their ruts to rid. New Mexico --47,607 25 8422 777 Until all roads led up to Romo 8,237 UUh 1,655 24,057 1.684 120 That's what old Caeaar did. 229 46420 Wyoming 8443 16 8,234 1490 If your town would mako Itself . While there la no doubt that hard many years It would have been before Tha center of the map, surfaced roada ar desirabl and even Utah's coal fields in Carbon county Wher folks will come and aettl down necessary where n density of traffic would have been opened op bad the And livt in plenty's lap; warranU that type of construction, promoters insisted on tha increased If any town it own abodes it is believed that tho greatest econ- expenditure that would have been Dec- Of povarty would rid. omy will result from the construction ease ry to have laid and equipped a Let it go out and build Good Roada of sUndard gravel surfaced roads in standard gauge road at first is a Just liko old Caeaar did. districU and localities where th traf- matter of conjecture, but it la safe fic la not so great. In general it to aay that by using the two-stag-e may b said that four miles of gravel construction in thia ona railroad ven- PLANT SURE DEATH TO RATS surfaced highways can bo built under ture tho coal industry of Utah was for the developed many years earlier than Wtuld (aom It Might government specifications Utilized t same cost as one mile of tha best type otherwise would have been possible. Rid tho World of a Moot of hard surfaced highway. Assuming The single track railroad is conDeadly Enemy. that concrete highway will cost $30,-00- 0 th proper thing until the trafper mile and the gravel surfaced sidered becomes of such density that dou"Why not raise your own rat highway $7400 per mile, inclusive of fic ble tracking is justified, when tha drainage and structures in each poison Y th Philippine , bureau of and assuming further that additional expenditure is made. science Is asking th people. money for road construction can be Applying thia same reasoning to It name la "dloscora hi rent a had at it will be seen that the the road building program in Utah, bluma," and It grows wild throughout $22,300 spent on each mile of the hard it would seem that the policy prosurfaced road in excess of the cost posed by the state road commission tho laland lowland. Tha poison content la dloscorlno, an of the gravel surfaced highway calls is justified by the traffic conditions for an interest expenditure annually that exist. This does not mean that alkaloid which produces paralysis of of $1,125. If we assume that the an- no further hard surfaced road will be the central nervous system. Th 61 score la a tuber; looks Ilka a nual maintenance cost of a gravel laid in ths state. It will be necessary surfaced road is $250.00 per mile and and desirable to complete links in the potato and grows like one. It rieo that of a hard surfaced road $125.00 chain of hard surfaced highways, no- tastes enough like the per mile, there would be a saving in tably the one between Payson and the "spud" to fool Mr. Rat for a moment. favor of tha hard surfaced road of Juab county line and at the Riverdale But It haa a little reaction all of Its $125.00 per mile per year, which crossing. There may be other secwould leave a net efeess cost to the tions where the traffic demands the own. Th government scientists say that public of $1,000 per mile pry year higher type of road, but in general for the hard surfaced highway. So it is felt that conditions in the state on nibble Is enough to kill a large far as experience has shown in this demand that greater road mileage be rat' A slice, without proper preparastate, (and it must be admitted that constructed with the somewhat lim- tion, would kill a human being. we have not had either type of road ited amount of federal aid funds availOn the other hand It has been dein use long enough to reach definite able at this time, leaving to the fu- termined that by peeling the tnber conclusions), it would appear that a ture the second stage of the construc- and allowing It to stand In running well constructed gravel surfaced road, tion the hard surfaced road. water for a period of 24 hours the where the patrol system of mainThe Wendover Highway (Uoscorlne content is washed out and tenance is in operation, will stand up No talk on roads in Utah would be the vegetable may be prepared for under ordinary traffic in a very satwithout some mention being human consumption In the same manmanner. In a state such complete as isfactory of made Wendover road which has ner as la a potato. the diswith extensive Utah, outlying When thna prepared It haa a slightly tricts where roads are urgently need- just recently been approved for feded, it would seem to be a correct pol- eral aid by the Hon. Henry C. Wal- sweet taste and Is said to have a most icy to build a greater mileage of lace, secretary of agriculture, after agreeable effect upon the palate. gravel surfaced roads rather than a one of the most bitter fights that has At present oae of the largest of tha curtailed mileage of hard surfaced been staged anywhere in the Union government agricultural scnools In th highwirs, in erder to reach more of on the question of road location. The Philippines Is making use of the tuber the pet pie. present state road commission came to kill rats and field mice, which are into the when its memEvei v time a mile of hard surfaced bers werecontroversy taken from the proving an Increasing menace to suddenly road is laid, it means that somewhere peaceful paths of private pursuits and growing crops. in the state there are three miles of drafted-int- o the service of the state unimproved road that, with the same about a year ago. It was found that expenditure, might have been brought previous state administrations and COUNT THE DUST PARTICLES up to standard as to drainage, grad- road commissions had adopted the ing and surfacing, if the gravel sur- Wendover rpute as the best western Scientists of United States Departfaced type had been adopted. ment of Agriculture Ara Investiconnection for a federal highway. NeIt does not necessarily follow that vada indicated its willingness to join gating th Atmosphere. the districts which are given standard at Wendover with the road to be congravel surfaced roads are to be for- structed by the state of Utah with ' In connection with the solar radiaever barred from the benefits of the federal aid. Competent engineers repAs a resenting the Federal Bureau of tion work of the weather bureau, higher type of construction. matter of fact, the two-stamethod Roads, as well as engineers of the United States Department of Agriculof construction is recognized as being state road commission, passed upon ture, a dally count Is being mad of economical and, in general, advisable. the two routes in question and so far the number of dust particles in the ate construction is meant as the records indicate, unanimously mosphere, at Washington. To make By the building of a gravel surfaced approved and recommended the north- the count, the air pressure within the road, provided with proper drainage ern, or Wendover, route. The fed- dust counter Is suddenly decreased, and structures as a first stage, this eral bureau demanded a western outcausing a line of dust to be precipiroad to be Used until such time as let to the coast, and insisted upon a tated on glass, where the particles are traffic conditions demand a hard sur- portion of the federal aid funds al- counted with a microscope having a faced highway. When that time ar- lotted to Utah being set apart for On rives, the structures and drainage, the construction of this highway. It magnification of 1,000 diameters. the grading and gravel base can all was felt that it would be necessary to quiet mornings as many as 8,000 dust be used with little or no loss in the give preference to projects which particles per cubic centimeter have construction of the higher type of would expedite the completion of an been counted, but on clear mornings road. This plan of road building is adequate system of interstate high- following precipitation the number being followed in some of the most ways. As matters stood prior to this drops to 150. . progressive states of the Union, even time, there were two north and south Most of the particles appear to be where funds are more abundant than highways through a great part of the fine minerals or organic extremely Utah. in are Moreover, this is state and connections were made on matter from the earths surface, althey we in see with in line what railroad the east boundary line with Colorado carbon from building. For instance, when the and Wyoming, but there was no con- though some unconsnmed Denver & Rio Grande railroad was necting federal highway running west i smoke, gypsum and calcite from buildbuilt into Utah, it was a narrow gauge from Salt Lake City. It was deemed ing operations, and dlatomnceons maline, using light rails and small and imperative, for very good govern-- ! terial have been observed. Undoubtedcheap equipment. As businiss was de- mental reasons, that such a highway ly there ' are many particles which, veloped and income increased, it was be constructed to reach northern Ne- - while large enough to act as nuclei for changed from the lower type to the vada and northern California, It has! condensation, are too small to he seen higher type of railroad construction, been felt in some sections of the state through a microscope with a magnifywith heavier rails, standard gauge, that the road commission in deciding! ing power of 1,000 diameters. and with standaid equipment. How to the Wendover route, . The Question of Taats. small While visiting friend In town ah asked me to go with her fo a meeting of the missionary aoriety of her ebnrch. They were collecting clothing to bo sent to minister and tbetr families in th Nvrtbwaet. Before sending th tlilnga, they cleaned, pressed, mended and thoroughly renovated the clothing. Being milliner, I offered to fix op tbo hats. I had finished all except one. Taming to one of tho women, I said : "Did you ever ara anything as awful as thla bat! No mlnlters wife will thank anyone for sending her till." "No, I dont believe they will," ah replied. That la my hat, and I Intend to wear It myaclL" Chicago Tribune. t WHY DRUGGISTS Different. "Ah. Jerry," ah sighed, "I ant sfratd yon ara growing cold I Don't yon ro member, dear, bow befor w warn married von need to alng to me: 'Every Morn I String Thro Vlolctaf And every night roar, dear?" "Yra, Mary ; I did that, honey," ho replied, wearily. 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