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Show KM NG, BO WHEN NOT .OVERLOOK Wasatch and Stone Quarries MakeJDay of Interesting Experiences " - - - " X Hhand Smith U mo beside big well appointed rammer cottage at the top left Standing near the dwelling is the OldsmobUe tonring car which waa used by the party on the hunt fbr interesting This motor added the final touch of perfection to the days outing by tha manner in which it carried its party over the canyon roads. A. E. Tonrssen is the distributor for Oldsmobilet here. picture Under the picture of tbe car is a block of tho beautiful granite at the quarries. From the largest piece a bnllding similar to tha stats capitol could be constructed. At tha top right is a scene of the church quarries whence came the stone used in the Temple, the administration building end tbe state capitol. Under the view ef the quarries may be seen a mountain of the black and white granite. The building shown with a rustic bridge ever the creek waa at one time a flourishing hotel when the community of Wasatch, two miles from the month of Little Cottonwood canyon, was the ' " most popular summer resort in' the state. The quarries are only a few hundred yards away from Wasatch. BE PROPELLED -- -- - OF BID aM --- --- in HOTEL nijj finer t Belief Is Expressed' by En ' Air of Mystery, Romance, Pervades Old Community Where Fun Once Reigned gV'W Steam That gineers Power Can Be o Used. Germany and England Have Produced Motor Which Promise. Holds' Much 0 With lb a advant of ineuU aircraft which is now conservatively assured in quantity, together with tho development in rigid airship design, an old and much-moot.a,a comes to tho fore. question This question is; "Can steam power ho Going on adapted to propel aircraft? the baaJe that everything la poesibie, it n to do it. hut remalna for tome In doing It he must bear many pointa ln 'mind to successfully develop a complete steam motor apparatus that will meet all the requirements end still at the same time he such aa to replace the present combustion engines. Germany and England have produced motors of this type that have at least end It is shown promise In their trial high time that the .United States produce the finished product, especially considering, that we already lead in tbia type of motor as applied to automobiles. In order that this' motor may be of value, however. It must not only equal existing internal combustion engine performance to be acceptable, but muat aupersede that , , performance. r-"r. III!) , Cjprt- X, Beautiful Scenery Features and From the Drive r To , Canyon; Boulevard Used. rk - ed X y ) i one-ma- xM: - v - ifjt V tr ,r, Vj y A ,y . i y yc a ? - A g i f r 7, ; ' perature. This Is accomplished by allowing tho to remain In the eyltn-"dexhaust steam near- the" head, where It! is super-heatby the Jacket in the head and when compression tncreases the ,thn ( temperature of the steam in the cylln- der the walls arq simultaneously heated i to a temperature above that of the en-- 1 tering steam so that there is no initial status This obtains , condensation. also. The single throughout expansion acting . steam - engine Issa particularly a type priadapted for this purpose marily due to the fact that It eliminates stuffing boxes and simplifies this problem of expansion Id that there Is a gradual difference tn temperature between the bottom and the top of the cylinder. Flmpltfloation is also achieved in this design In the valve motion and obviation of the reversal of strains, both of which become serious problems at high speed. 1 ' , er ed r Probably ' the most advantageous arrangement for a steam aeronautical mo tor will be found to be that of three cylinder set at 130 degree tn the one place. In this design a-- good turning torque is obtained with a minimum of base, while the valve motion is very simple. The leaner consists of one cam directly on the main driving shaft drivExhaust la ing the valve push rod cared for in allowing tha piston to uncover a part at tha bottom of the stroke. A variable shut off Is accomplished by tapering the cam. While this design offers considerable head resistance, tt seems to be more reliable than others end with the boiler will compare favor My with other designs and motors. 00 An engine designed to develop horsepower at 900 r. p. m. on 450 to 600 to steam not pressure ought pounds weigh mors than 400 pounds and the condenser with tt ought not to weigh Such an engine more than 100 pound would require about one end pounds of liquid fuel per horsepower hour end fourteen pounds of water. Condenser efficiency is so high today, towith the conditions of flying, gether are which favorable, that at least . 30 per cent of the water ought to be re4 ' claimed, ", The boiler, which will be considered in a later article, must overcome all the problems of pressure decrease, which Include the rising boiling point, increasing pressure per square inch and other problems. In general It ia felt that the reliability of this means of propulsion will appeal heavily, and, with the advent Of airplanes is sufficiently attractive to warrant trial, although it should be undertaken by soma One who ia familiar with aeronautics ha Well aa a gneelallat In steam engineering. Having never heard much of Wasatch and not being a student of Utahs history he was surprised to see what appear to be a huge hotel. Upon investigation the information was gleaned to- tbe effect that years ago Wasatch was the one popular Bummer resort for Salt Lakes best eitisen The eld hotel still stands, but all its formes glory of furnishings, crowded lobby and throngs of happy visitors are but a dream. Tbe ola building is in good condition, but is used only to house n few men who work on ths railroad which runs to Alta and the employees of tha church who operate quarries Upon coming from the mysterious interior of ths former hostelry Henry investigated ths pretty community, but found that most of tne summer eottages have fallen into ruin One, however, that of Shand Smith, superintendent of the railroad, proved to b& a most beautifully appointed retreat, but with a few exceptions the rest of the eottages are oniy shad ows of their former charm. Leaving Wasatch with a feeling that a pretty summer community could be well established there, Henry proceeded up the hill to the quarries. Here he aw the blasting being done and the stone cutters at work trimming up the beautiful black and white granite for us He marveled that three large buildings could be built from the stone which- - came from these quarries and leave so little impression on the mountain. Then Henry observed the mountains and was surprised to find that all ths mountains surrounding the quarries ar of the same quality of granite which cornea from the quarries. 't x " ' - ' Vw"'' 4 tv- 2ctfrfr2figh Pressure Steam. Natmvliy, high pressure steam will have to be used, and tho efficiency of such an angina is most marked In its noncondensing designs to which aeroplane uses wtn be undoubtedly limited. In that case the steam consumption will have to he reduced to the minimum and This win high steam pressure carried. involve a problem of securing the same efficiency as is obtained in engines operating against low steam pressure With ordinary steam engines there is a great difference of temperature In the cylinders which causes additional cylinder condensation. Multiple cylinders or multiple expansion engines have heretofore cared for this somewhat, but condensation hi this fashion offsets tho benefits of hlgtw pressure. Tho problem of cylinder condensation, however, has been satisfactorily solved so that high pressure steam can be used In one cylinder with- out loss due to tho wtds range of tem- , ia There Wasatch Investigated. - 'ail-met- al "T I feiA It ia hoped that .inventors and those who are technically familiar with a team engine performance will contribute their experience to tho "solution' of this problem. As late aa 1913 the consideration of steam for powering airplanes was met with candid disfavor, but owing to the rapid progress made in aeronautics since that time It ia believed that the time is ripe to make such overtures sa would meet with reasoning. Simultaneously the developments In Wteam engines find boilers have been so progressive as to forsuggest that the Impracticabilities have been almost merly pointed out may Below horsetoo eradicated. entirely power there would seem to he little demand for the steam aeronautical motor, but for powers over that It la- felt that there is a large field of utility. As multi, motored planes become more frequent the limitations Imposed fermerly by the amount of fuel and water will not seriously Impede the radius of action, but this point must be watched carefully in the design of such , a motor even now and the maximum efficiency procured. The question of weight of motor and boiler la today dot Of such vital Importance even as is this problem of fuel and In water, for the design end progress the former two essentials have come to ,, A, point of easy adaptability. one-four- th -'- " Inventotrs Should Work. Construction and Weight. ths proverbial tired business really isnt any Henry, bat Henry is n good name and on honored in history and n favorite with the gentle sex, so Henry has been chosen. Now Henry, representing tbe motorist ia search of an interesting drive, during ths past week decided to go to Littlo Cottonwood canyon to aee the chureh quarries from wbenes came the granite which was used to build the state eapitol building, the administration building and the temple. He bad heard much about the wonderful atone and having never visited Little Cottonwood canyon decided to see tha quarries, ths canyon and ths famous community of Wasatch. Henry drove down State street to Sandy and turned east. Hs, found ths roads from Sandy to tbs mouth of the canyon in good condition and upon entering the canyon was greeted by such wild and inspiring scenery as he had never imagined graced the Wasatch mountains. The road winds around the bottom of the canyon along the roaring creek and the mountains tower overhead in silent majesty. He intended to go to Alta, but found that Wasatch about three miles from the mouth of the eanyon, is as far as an automobile can be driven, so, upon arriving at Wasatch Henry parked his car and took a look around. Henry man. Y N ri? - A. t E.T. Practical' Advice by Tire Expert Givento Motorists o.1 abuse that ths average tire receives. AlBy H, F. BLANCHARD. Practical advice which will aid the mo- most any tirs which has been treated withreasonable care should be for retorist in getting the moat out of his tires treading after its tread is suitable well worn off. la particularly apropos at this time, be- Whether ft pays to have a tirs retreaded, cause of the high prices at which tires and if so, where it should be done and It should be done, ere matters outnow list It it Intended that the advice how side the scope of this article and will not ad. be shall be discussed. eminently practical t , ,( given j .vice that any motorist can follow withLife Tires. of , out throwing up bis job and devoting his It is a very rare thing indeed I have whole life to the tires on bis car. Unmost article which have found, and other tire men will bear me fortunately, see an old tire that does not bsar out, been written on tires from time to time soms tomarks of abuss or neglect It is conhave neglected the very important impossible to state Just What the perone In but la, tire centage probably fifty sideration that, although' tires are very runs its natural life. The other forty-nin- e expensive, they are a very small part live shortened Uvea due to abuse or of the motorist's life, and that, although K?! jSSffJ without ?.!!? J.Lhav,; there may be many things that it would this article required would be be wise for him to do to the tires from this: A cord tire of first-cla-text it constructime to time to give maximum mileage, tion should run 20.000 miles, a fabric tire at the same time the advice, If followed of first-claconstructlrn should run carefully, would entail entirely too much somewhere between 10,000 and 15,000 work on his pare The average ' writer miles The motorist who is apparently forgets that- the motor car, less than these mileages either obtaining is slightwhile It may be tha- most interesting ing hia tires or he is not buying the best. thing inlathe average mans life, it never- Tirs construction has advanced to such h a small part of it, and tires, ia point today that there is really no theless ll turn, sr a very part of ths whole tlon about obtaining these mileages from In car. Therefore, a sense, tires are a the very best tires made. And when these mileages are not realised from such very small tail on a very big dog. It must be admitted in following out tires ths fault usually lies with ths moof It is out of ths torist. this line thought that tires are good tires. Not ail question to get the average motorist to tires propor- inspect his tires every day for cuts and Neither are all defect advice is all right tlonately poor, Such other In theory, but no motorist will take the mors ths tire costs the trouble to follow it unless hs Is com- there ar exceptions all ths way up and contest. Ail of down ths price sqale. It is Impossible to peting tn a tire mileage which discussion Is by way of emphasis- give any general directions regarding the Even a tire man that In this article every selection of goodontire ing ths fact this point. Many exeffort will be made to urge upon the mo- can be fooled men have taken agencies tire torist a course of action which will be perienced lor tires which they sincerely believed to follow. eay for him to as to find out later bn that they be excellent, man a tire wll per- were My experience The only eaf to haps be of Interest et this point. It is advicenotto upfollowstandard. to Is purchase tires based on an examination of several thou- whtch are shows satisfactory, sands of tires These tiros were old tires and if experience this is not a sufficient guide the without exception. They were old be- advice of friends who have had the right cause they were brought to me for re- experience should be taken ho further mention treading purpose the various Ills which Before will be mad regarding retreading, but the tires fall describing heir to It is Important that the point Is limply brought up to show in construction of a tire be thoroughly unwhat way ths information which will be ( derstood It Is a surprising fact that given regarding tires wa obtained. Bur- - many motorists haven t the faintest few of these lire were suitable ceptlon of tire construction beyond the for retreadlng-Je- ee than one tire in ten fm t that the complete tire Is made up of This alone ia eloquent testimony to the two parts, ths Inner tub and the "shoe, t ss ss ques-sma- i high-pric- ed low-pric- -- i ly r-- x . 7 ri vy . -- K vv- V v. . jirsw V' . - - - - 4 . fS Jij A' WrWtV A. With Cost of Casings Actually Out of Sight, It Is 7 Thought;Appropriate to Inform Drivers . on Correct Care. 1 - - ,rxw" i 1 B J f k I Early Transportation. i iba or easing Th4 function of the tube is to hold the air and the function of tbe shoe is to withstand ths pressure of the tube, to resist the wear of the road and to transmit ths driving and braking stresses from the wheel to the road surface The casing Is made up of several layers of The number varies fabric or of cords from four to seven layers, depending on the sise and quality of the tire. The purpose of the fabric Is to withstand tha pressure of the tube The different layers of fabric are welded into single solid piece by transposing la vers of rubber between them and vulcanising the whole until it is really on piece. The tread of the fire is the part that takes the road wear and Is mounted on theso layers of fabric. Sometime tt is vulcanised on at the same time the layers of Then again the fabric ar vulcanised. tread may bo vulcanised afterward Rub. ber extends down from the tread to tho bead, of the tire to protect the side wall This rubber is much like ths tread fubber The bead js that portion f the tire which comes In contact with the rim.. Common Tire Troubles. of Most tire troubles may be laid to one the following causes; Under-inflatio- , n, ' Bruises, Cuts, Wheels out of line. ? Punctures. Notwithstanding all that haa been writthe ten on the subject of fact remains that very few tires are eufflciently inflated. Almost every tire shows some traces of this trouble when It is carefully examined Inside and outside. It Is not necessary, however, to examine old tires In order to prove this point. The use of a gauge on tar after car proves that very few tire have or anywhere near pressure enough enough pressure. shows up fes a tire defect In one or all of three ways Rim cut Loose treed, Cracked or checked side walls. ' It is very difficult to repair a rim cut, and In many cases the tire ia cut In bo many places that repairing it is absoIt should be lutely out of the question remembered that it is just aa easy to rim cut a new tire as an old one, and that many perfectly good tires have been ruined by this abuse, which la dus solely to Rim cuts sometimes occur in straight side tire, but such a i under-inflati- Under-inflati- ' under-inflatio- n. Rapid Gain in Motor Circles for Past Year ! CHICAGO, Auq. 7c Ths automotive Industry ef the country now employs 651,450 persons, an increase ef 563,2 per cent tine 1909, when the number wa 25,359, according t figure com, plied for 1919. in 1909 $58,000,000 was paid In wage t worker In the automobile Industry, but In 1119 tha amount paid to workers wa 9813,000,000, On hundred and twenty. seven thousand vehisevsn hundred and thlrty-on- a cle with a total value of 3249,000,000, we the achievement ef thy Industry in 1909, While 1,974,013 vehicle with value ef 32,606,000,000, were pro. duced In 1917. from th inside surface of th tire, up lit such a tire ia run farther the fuss will- - develop into jagged cracks which begin at th inner layer of fabric and gradually extend through layer after layer, enlarging at the same time so that eventually the tire blows out In the side wail. Usually such a tiro cannot be repaired because the injury Is continuous around ths tire Th breaking down of th fabric In this fashion often occurs without any indication of failure on th outside untff a blowout takes place. Consequently until th blowout doe happen th exterior of th tire may appear to be perfect The third difficulty caused by Is loose tread. When the tire lacks sufficient pressure it is distorted to such an extent that the net result is often that the tread is loosened from the fabric or perhaps th layer of the fabric themselves may be loosened ons from the other In such a ease the strength In of the tire is seriously Impaired. either cate th result is that some dirt under-inflati- or moisture works It way in through some small cut, and finding plenty of space inside a large area Is quickly rotted and soon th tire blows up. . , Hones Are Decreasing r Rapidly in United States The editor of a monthly vehicle mac-- a sins declares in a recent dltorial that there ar 11,566,006 horses In th United States, or less than three horses on each Results of Under-inflatioof the 7.248,644 farms in this country. Perhaps tha moat serious trouble which in Chicago fell oft n arise from is tha erteg. Tha number of horses 30,000 hi th last four year while In of the th fabric, crack usually be New York th decrease for lng same the peon th inside and gradually enginning riod of time waa 11,484. - It should larging until a blowout occur At this rat he points out, the bora be remembered that th fabric which soon be a curiosity on our city withstands th pressure is built of wtll Is attributed to the strands which in turn ar spun from cot. streets The decrease growing popularity of the motor truck, ton fiber If ths tire la run d eld to any extent the walls ar bent in to such a sharp angfb that a treFROTECTINQ THE MUDGUARDS. mendous strain is put on the individual In making .extensive engine reoalrs or cotton fibres and in a short time thev adjustment, If oten happens that th break one by one. Th first indication mudguard or fender will be bent anu of this trouble can b seen by examining otherwise marred. This may be preventa such inside of the tire. It will be ed by making a cover of some heavy manoted that a slight fuss has begun to terial. oilcloth or imitation leather of form on th side wail about an Inch and some kind, which wlU cover the fender a quarter from th head. This fuss con- from Its tip to tho place where it ia fastsists of broken fibers which ar sticking ened to tho running-boarso rare that it hardly need be considered. thing I n. under-inflatio- under-inflate- f Next Henry became interested in the manner ia which the stone was transported to the city in the early days and learned that about 1833 the quarries were fifst opeed and that for some years the huge pieces ef granite used in the construction of the temple were hauled from the eanyon by oxen. In 1871 the Alta railroad waa constructed and the stone was then brought to the city on this road. However, before the railroad n canal was built and for some time the block of granite were floated down to the temple on raft About 1880 the houaea and hotel were built near tbe quarries down in the canyon for the benefit of the workers. A thriving community was organized and the place later became a popular aura-mresort when the work of taking out tha stone for the temple wa nearlv completed.' The workmen lived n simple life in the canyon, far from the city, and worked from 8 oclock in tha morning until 5 oclock in the evening with no thought of shorter hours and higher They had a church where they wage spent their 6undays and during the week they enjoyed themselves in the ballroom of the hotel. er No Road to Alta. After having enjoyed himself listening to the former glories of Wasatch Henry decided to visit Alta, the famous r mining eamp about eight miles fart' up the canyon, but iearnsd that the o y way he could ga to Alta waa to tae tho morning tram over the narrow gaee line and return in tbe afternoon, l.a postponed his trip to the eamp, but decided to take it at some future date, s he had heard much of that town which ia wiped off the map by snows! u every spring, in spite of tha d o ger, however, the men who dig Ijr tho precious metals persist in bravir? the chances which they take with th,r lives te bring the shining stuff to t- top of tbe ground. f Upon his way back to tho city V took the new Wasatch boulevsrl i ! i was delighted at the view which be obtained of the valley from t l winds V around the r It hlghwav. range, just entering the mouth 47 -- Cottonwood and Psrleys ran vo roadbed is good, although a 1 I : yet from laik of traiel, but it i to be n popular drive in th v y i future. . i ; |