Show MORSE TO 1 0 MARC MARCONI q arrogating lo Amer America tea ica everything Important w Unit tiit takes taken pinco In thu world of ot progress It would Indeed seem tram from a n mote moio statement that tills notIon nation has hail a loading part In the development gf Qt what many have termed tennet the tho he greatest st accomplish moot mont of limes wireless s B raphy lIY Marconi hue lias an nil n that ho he lias hao M acres tho Atlantic the long expected from tram Europe l und and tho the unthinking promptly accord to him nil alt tho the honors honore ot of tho the wonderful achievement but hut without wishing vl to deprive him of ot any of at lila Ida hish h won Wall laurels historical verity do de demands dolt mands lt l that we wa io go 80 o back beyond Marconi for tor tho t o moving causes of ot this modern miracle It scorns like Jlko ft a far cry from Marconi to tp Franklin I without Investigating fur lur ur thor tIler but Lut the tho great philosopher pher Ihor furnished tim till hypotheses for all 1111 who came utter after him whom ICO yenta years ago aiO nut next June Juno ho bo performed his liia fa famous a l oat feat ot of drawing lightning from the sky Ilk ek It might he be said Mill again that tho electrical kite kilo was WM not lIot hla hili hilio own o Invention Inv but that of ut a n French I nan nf ln tho thu year before Franklin mode made Ida experiment Franklin however did dk moro more than tho II merely experiment for tur ho previously arrived by pure reason r on at lit tho timo Dion lon which Ilich the experiment proved atmospheric lightning nut and frictional electricity Identical levell till the an nn cl nt centuries ago nuo know of at JOV I thunderbolts and aut nd atmospheric n Ity it but hUt nobody could tell toll thu why and wherefore of ot them until that little ex ax experiment t with thu tho Illumined ilium I 1111 tim tho un understanding a I Hush h Then Ilion It was vas easy to for tor f r succeeding ex ox had a n working basis Jul of ot fact Jact upon which to a proceed Moro More than any allY other man of ot his hie time after Franklin l the tho cause of ot electro electra electromagnetism magnetism m woe wua Indebted for Ita HII further r development to tt another American Jo Josoph Joaeph soph Henry Ho lie published theories of Qt Its Ito causes and effects an ax early oatly as no 1828 1821 and Invented tho tIo first machine moved r by the tho agency ot of electra magnetism In 1831 he ho transmitted tl signal through n a n a mile long causing a n bell hell to sound nt at tho further farther end Ill lie Ito pointed out Indeed tho tim applicability o oi of tho the facts ho had demonstrated by hi expert to he the Instantaneous trans transmission mission ot of Intelligence between distant points palate by menus of ot a n magnetic tele tale telegraph I graph nt at leant lenet len t five OVo years before aunt I In an ln n Invention woo was practically operated I 7 by Morae The ThO earliest suggestion of ot tho the electric Is in mild to 10 have o In ir Tho Rents Icota Magazine In III 1763 1713 and thu tho first line lino so ac far as no Is Ia known was wan con constructed In Geneva by In 1313 1818 n a 1 similar scheme woe was rejected by tho the i British government and In 1820 mo Ampere called attention to the use uso ot of a needle deflected by tho tim magnetic current for tor forti telegraphic ti purposes In 1828 ISIS H II 1 O 0 Dyer ot of Now New York Invented a II frictional talc telo graphic system hut but did not perfect It and In II 1820 1830 Duron Schilling had Imd a ft 1 ale tola graph with five live vertical exhibit exhibited ed cd at Bonn Donn In 1837 an all Englishman l W WF WI F I F Cooke who had seen Schilling In Instrument strument Joined with Wheatstone and antI andIn andIn In III 1839 took out the lie fleet patent Dur During 1 ur ing lag that year the first actual tele 7 grop grap i lute IIno no was constructed con between and Drayton In III I thirteen miles That year also alea the nut overland line of ot lion wire on aim 01 bam barn bamboo bamboo boo poles polea ono miles In length waa built In Calcutta India and work vork worked ed by Cookos single noodle needle Instrument Franklin had transmitted electric shocks hock hero aero the tu Schuylkill In IUS ant anti and a n German aerman physicist In III 1701 tUi had haa used electric sparks alark In telegraphy l Many minds were working out olt the tha of electrical some coin of them but It WAS Val per permitted S 8 F P o 0 D Mora an Mi American to togiva give giva to the tho world orld the drat r t nearly per ller perfect fOt at Instrument that lint should stand the thet I t st ct of time line Henry had bed anticipated him In working out a n correct theory by 11 years rL but had hM produced 11 rod no 10 practical Invention Ho lb blued biased the WilY way and Morse Mora the th artist and vision Islon visionary visionary ary merely follow allowed In his foot footsteps steps Those Th pe two Americans one born In Al AI Albany Albany bany N Y I and the tho other In Charles Charleston ton Mall Mais were wee In them Ihm following after their great reat com cam compatriot patriot Franklin I to produce the tale tele tel In for tor which the world hail hod been waiting since Inco man know tho the letters lottore of ot his alphabet Call tho the Invention ion tion Henrys Morse Morte Coolies or two vero well abreast the tho ago age In III their theo thoo theories rice ries and Inventions Morse an all artist Imbibed his lile hi 1118 n M aM to electro electra magnet magnetIsm Ism him tram front lila his friend J lf l 1 Dana who tho lectured on the subject lie He taw nl or heard of ot a French Invention for tor obtaining an electric spark from a IL mag magnet net In III 1832 and on shipboard re to returning turning to the United conceived the th Idea of ot an electro magnetic and chem chemical ical wording telegraph substantially and essentially n u as It now exists Ho lie Homade made mado his bin hi drawings at nt once but bitt did not exhibit his Invention publicly until 1835 1836 In 1837 1831 ho lied mert lila hla first caveat for A n patent and petitioned congress for tin an appropriation to carry curry out his tile designs This rids appropriation ot of was sYnc grant granted cd ed at t tho the last moment of ot tho tue session lon of ot nn May Mil 27 Zi 1844 1814 his lii first mes moo message sage was 01 over tho the line lino linein In the tho States from Washington to Baltimore Other Oilier rapidly constructed In iii this hue country but It was wan WIl WIlnot not until 1817 1317 that thaI tho lie telegraph wee Introduced Into Germany whence It spread all over l Morsen Morson claims chUrns Were only established after altar years yearn of lit litigation find end us u to priority of ot Invention lit lie h probably hail had no case cane but h he was wan royally received decorated und and feted f oil alt over Europe the tue demon culminating In n a 1 grand col testimonial of trance francs suggested BugK tel by Louis Lode Napoleon A bronze statue III tile ot of Morse Mone was wan In Central Contral park New York and cd ed by the pout loot Bryant In 1871 and antl he ho himself last appeared In III public nubile at nt tho the unveiling of the statue of ot Franklin in Printing House square New Now York In January 1872 1 dying In III Juno June of at tho the samo year It II line has been beon claimed for tor Morse that ho he also laid lail the first submarine cable con COli connecting connecting Governors Island with Castle Castlo Garden Now Nov York city olty hut but his hiM history tory tOI errs eTTO the tho vory very firm rRt cable I on record woe was that lint of ot Dr Pr W V 9 nessy across thu river hugh In Calcut Calcutta ta to India mum In 1839 1830 The h suggestion I of an Atlantic A cable callo lion however ever It in believed ed cd to have emanated from Morse who I In August 1313 1913 advocated It In III n a letter to the lie secretary of or tho the treasury In III j I 1817 J 3 J Craven of Newark N J 1 laid hal I Iii u ii 1 short of or beneath IJ water followed by that between Now New York and Jersey City Three years yearn later inter an iii I experimental cable woe was laid across tho thu channel between England I ant I France This Thill was VIlA followed by bI byn p n ii permanent one oh which Is In still Mill In III use uso against Marconis further experiments Ix In Newfoundland ns as being within terri tern territory tory of ot which It possesses pose el a monopoly shows show whore where the tha shoe shoo Is l expected d to pinch for tor or complete success ot or tho lie s would bo ho likely to reduce r duc robe rates for tor cable messages messaged If It not nut put tho the present companion companies practically It luminous Thu Tho fact that the tho many lines lined across tho lie Atlantic have 1110 nil all My Grin a do doat dolit doat at lit a 1 high tariff shows that thong there U I op for tor or a n rival Hut unless the th wireless methods are made mado more mono rapid there thero will bo be no danger clangor tram from this ya tern Urn Professor whoso whose Induction cells colls are expected u to work a n revolution In telegraphy hy nail and telephony tel hut which after all may arrive too t 00 o Into to tobo tobo tobe bo be of use usa US says that Shut this the will be ho given KIvell greater capacity and anil spun hI he able ablo to 10 t many morn motu Hi Mages eagen than at ot present with no Increase of ot expense No great grent Invention over burst Into view already complete and It Il Is in pile par truo true of wireless telegraphy Attention was Willi attracted to It sixty W yenta years ago ngo and oven even J hill an fin Inkling of this latent power In Ity ill A of splice space telegraphy that ef ot telegraphing from a moving car or train was Willi developed by 1 ft and ml patented In list mid and the lie possibilities ot of aerial tel were ney enty years ago but only brought out within tho the Inet hnit decade French Our Gor mini man I and Italian experimenters mud mail contributions to It but 11 II I tho the young Italian line has lied had tho hit greatest success In demon I stinting the possibilities of ot space telegraphy raphy IrIs Ills name stands forth moro mare any other In recent years though hall hal It Il not 1101 be lleen teen n for tor the tho thed d deep ep thinkers and anti silent workers like Henry hear Kurtz harts discoverer of oC tho ho llert waves and Lodge experts Ulisha Gray and lind In tact fact tacta n II entail Army rill of or electricians whose la labora labom born bora has baa adapted tho ho last named Individual would doubtless s mill b li be unknown ono one most mORt forcibly In ft a review of tho thu great achieve maRts Is tho Impersonality of genius The tho Individual h is nothing or at nt most A urn nil factor In tho the great grent scheme but buthi buthis hit his hi contribution wells swells tho the aggregate am and the thai great grent work goes goos on to Its ful tul fulfillment So It baa lias been with electrical progress und especially e with Its latest development apace telegraphy Com Corn new men havo have reaped tho tim honors Its It great gren t promoters have stood al unobserved In tho the background Hut lut no matter mattor what tho the means lacuna em V 7 I V t 71 t M Jf T ei j i 4 I LI T I 4 aj I s A r fI A L i I I 14 L t i 0 Ill Fr To Ta American Initiative In the tho person per OIl of ot Cyrus W Vi Field 1111 backed Lacked by capital Will was due the tho company In I which In sar attempted to lay laymi mi an Atlantic cable This cable l tOO 00 mites miles from shore and auth not until the lie next year yr was wan one laid between hag Eng land and America It was nas wa completed In August ISM 1 but failed the week WIlk In September after aUer about 14 SIP mae m I 11 had bath been Interchanged Seven years earl liaised before another effort was vena made to spun span I n the Atlantic anti and In tho Ito meanwhile comparatively short cables In the Mediterranean and the Persian gulf had hud demonstrated the feasibility ot of telegraphy tel rAphY The cable roble of 1566 1 parted In after 1116 1156 miles had been beell paid out but hut the next year yar far the American end ond WAS landed at lit Newfoundland was In III perfect working order the last of ot July Jul that year tIr and for years penn past pat has hns been lIme practically uninterruptedly working be between betIn between tween tIn and al America The threatened th Injunction by b tho the company played tho the fact now confronts us that wireless telegraphy will whit soon s on be Je a n fac factor no noton tor ton In Iii the world development and amI It IC It Ithe be he established that messages can enn bo ho flashed across leross tho the ocean oe tn probably tho the first practical exposition of ot Its It value will bo ho on the tho Pacific across which It Is purposed soon to stretch a n cable unless this tItle new ne wonder shall make It unnecessary Dory sary The million miles of telegraph and ant cable coble lines already strung havu have oust cost many deny millions ut or dollar and any Invention that will obviate further enormous outlay wilt will be warmly wel welcomed coined romed Commercially speaking how however ho hoever however ever wireless s telegraphy with Us its enormous waste of energy In the dissipation potion pation of Its waves wae Is II not yet yot practicable ble blo for long distances CHANNING A DARlOW The Tho longest longell hair that was wa ever recorded re recorded corded as u having been taken from the head ot of a 11 woman ornan measured tl It has hall been noted hut a halt hair twelve feet feat long Ions was taken train from a n mans hoard board I 11 I II |