| Show LISBON EARTHQUAKE AND THE END OF THE EARTH I T Is III now over ICO no years since the IT earthquake occurred In III the th capital resulting In a Il IlI Inns lo a of at life lite and property To 10 I this duy day the disaster 11 remains In the minds of at many at as typical of nil tenon horrors honors says ays BU Prof Irot James Man lInin Dixon A M F It U 8 S Edin I In the I is Times At it that period Lisbon was WIlS the thc resort report of ot Invalids from Great Greal Britain anxious to hind a milder cli climate mate male The Tho city Illy was van easily accessible by b wale and wa was the tn t W ally all of ot Great Britain From l rom 1650 1660 Mil t 1 1610 IO the crowns of ot Spain and had been united but In the latter year Portugal again set pel up for tor Itself And became nn tut Independent Inde king kingg kingdom kingdom dom door As Great Britain was the his historic historic foe Coe fo e of ot Spain mud and Its Bourbon kings It was 1115 naturally friendly with the lh e little kingdom kingdomS ton t which had hol nr to assert Itself against Spanish S arrogance ance Ing I n that land took took practically practically all nil the wine that Portugal had hart to export hence the theat great at vogue of nt port art or porto wine to day da In all British h possessions Sev Bev Several Several eral famous Englishmen aro are burled In II bon within the confines con linea of 0 the dos at the west wet end endot of ot the city In n the year car 1751 1161 Philip the famous lamous Northampton divine who has written so many hymns that are still popular 0 God Clod of ot Awake My Soul Boul Stretch Every Jover Nerve 0 O Happy Day Da left Iett Bristol for the shores of ot tho Tagus fagus In Inthe Inthe the vain hope of ot checking the con consumption consumption that had fastened upon hUnlie hUn him Ho lie survived but a few tew months The Th street In which he lived was a narrow one with stone stolle houses four stories high and an 1 titles and was closed In by bya byn b n a lofty Jotty stone stolle arch a t good place to pen people In III an nn earthquake Three years yours later afro lat r he ho was followed by b Item Henr Henry Fielding tho the novelist author of ot Pt Torn Toni Jones Jonc and Amelia Ameli who went southward In tho the Queen of at Por Par Portugal a sailing vessel anti arrived In Inthe Inthe Inthe the Tagus during tho the month of at Aug August August nit 1764 1761 Two months later he was dead and his hla remains lie pie among tho the cypresses ies es In the same samo pretty pr tt cemetery where wh ro the tho nightingales sing sweetly sweet I About 80 SO years yearn afterwards his tombstone was Willi found foun 1 among the weeds by b another Englishman George Borrow who gives us a picturesque ac account account account count of ot the city The Tho he visita of ot God of ot which h he speaks struck the city less pens than one year ear after Fielding was wan o ret r roN VISITATION V I O 5 GOD OO D Lisbon LIlbon Is I s a huge hugo ruinous city Ho tells us writing In 1835 still exhibit exhibiting exhibitIng ing hug In almost every direction the tho vest vestiges Igea iges h e of ot that terrific visitation of ot God tho the earthquake which shattered It some SO years ago Jt It on seven l Ven Venh hills hill h III II tho the loftiest of ot which Is occupied by the tho castlo castle of ot St SL George which Is the tho boldest t and most prominent to 10 tho the thoe eye eje e I while surveying ufe tho the city from the theIn Tagus In jf The Tho most frequented and busy lusy parts of ot the tho city are nr those comprised r within the tho valley to tho the north of ot this elevation Hero you find the tho Plaza of ot the tho In Tn Inquisition In the principal square In ht Lis Us Lisbon bon from which run parallel towards tho the river three or ur four streets among which are arc thus those of ot tho the gold goh and silver designated front from being Inhabited by smiths cunning In the working of these the e metals they are Lre upon the whole wry very Cry the houses housos are huge liuga and as ns high as Ill Castlen lIstle Immense pil pillars lars lays defend the causeway at Intervals producing however how liver rather a tI cumbrous cum cumbrous cumbrous brous effect These Theo streets aro are quite level hovel and are arc well paved In which respect they differ from all tho the others In to Lisbon rho most singular street however of ot all Is that of ot tho the Alem Alm AI m cola or Rosemary which debouches on the It Is III very ery precipitous und arid is occupied on either side by tho the palaces of ot tho the principal Portuguese no nobility massive and alilI frowning but grand gramt and a nil picturesque edifices with hero AntI there thero a hanging garden gordon overlook overlookIng Ing In the street at a B great night bight With all Its It II ruin and d Lisbon U Is I unquestionably tho the most moat re ro remarkable r city In the tho peninsula and perhaps In tho the south of ot Europe Though It abounds with churches It has hAil no gigantic cathedral like St Pe Peters t 1 to attract the tho eye eyo and till It with yet ct r I boldly lay say that there ther Is no monument of ot mans labor anti and skill pertaining either cither to ancient or modern Homo for Cor whatever w purpose designed which cnn can rival the waterworks of ot Lie Lla lion hon I mean tho the stupendous aqueduct whose principal arches cross crose the valley to tl h the tho northeast of ot Lisbon and which discharges Its little runnel of ot cool an amt delicious water Into the rocky cistern n within that beautiful edifice called 1 the Mother of ot tho the Waters from which all Lisbon Is ts supplied with the crystal lymph though the th source Is II seven leagues distant Let travelers devota devot one entire morning to inspecting the archess and the tho Mother Molher of ot Waters AQUEDUCT UNDAMAGED t This magnificent aqueduct built with Ith moro more than Roman Banian solidity survived the shocks hocks of ot the earthquake SQ so that tho the people c on n that fatal Saturday and anil ane Sunday when stones were tailing falling anti and all 1 a conflagration was wall sweeping over their th lr heads had not to depend on accident for far a n cup of ot cold water as happened a afew n afew few tell weeks ago alro In San Sun Francisco Situ Situated Situated on a II bold promontory at the mouth of at a great river and being the tho of ot a I whole coast Lisbon presents pre many analogies ell to the great Californian city I will try to bring out contrasts and analogies If It the tha view presented to the traveler by sea On tin n entering the Golden Gate Oale was formerly a I magnificent one and will be bc so 80 again when San Han Francis Francie Francisco Francieco co Is fe rebuilt n a 1 similar striking pano panorama panorama rama Is presented to one entering tin the th estuary of ot the Tagus There Is IA no mountain background and there me IN tell few prominent buildings but tho the rest are aro picturesquely disposed In terraces terrace rind there thero Is luxuriant vegetation In the Hie public gardens lens and parks mid the private vate hanging and other gardens Most of ot tho the town covers undulating ground forming the tho southern t margin of ot the time chalky and basaltic plateau of at central Portugal The estuary varies here In width from one to two miles Old 01 1 Lis Lle ion bon la 13 furthest up the tho river on tho the left bank blink while the newer portion stretches westward 1 and nn 1 seaward The central hollow lying between the tho two suffered most In the great earthquake The descent dell ent Is very abrupt toward this depression and find to the hanks banks of ot the stream To Henry Fielding when the limo queen of ot Portugal came to her moorings In the tho bay there thero appeared but one ono vast hill hili and rock with buildings ris re rising ing lag above one another and that In so 80 and almost perpendicular a man mat ncr nero that they all seem to have but ono foundation ORIENTAL POPULATION The population of Il b n has always been more oriental than Ihan that of al ul almost most any other city In Europe In early modern times time the tile Portuguese attained an eminence as navigators and ami ani colonists which w won on them great groat possessions in tho the three continents of ot Asia Africa and lIntl America But they thc failed tailed to keep k ep the lime race pure and In Asia today the Eurasians of ot mixed Portuguese PO and Chinese or other an ancestry ancestry are singularly numerous To the Japanese Japan e mission which visited Europe years cars ago with Marquis Ito Ita as its Its hear head Portugal seemed the most backward 1 of ot all 1111 Euro European pear countries At the date when the tho earthquake visited It Lisbon was the busiest and most cosmopolitan city on tho the Atlan Atlantic tic coast Its large commerce square had one olle 1110 open aped to the tho Tagus und stud round It were most moat of ot the tho public buildings Including the royal rojal ro al palace e Like the tho earthquake of 1891 which devastated central Japan anti and nn Its Californian counterpart of or 1806 1906 the th Lisbon shock came camo In the morning but considerably later Inter than In tho the theother other cases It wee Willi All Saints day du the tho first of or November 1765 1755 a great gr holiday with the Portuguese anti and throngs of people were Inside the great churches attending mass mn s and on their way Wa back baek or thither The churches were filled with the largest hugest candles used at service and multitudes were on their knees while the prayers were being Intoned when suddenly shortly after atter nine the great greut stone edifices collapsed and crushed them Those outside did not faro much better for tor the streets of ot Lisbon are narrow and the houses are aro tall stone structures Hundreds were killed by the falling tolling debris and the wounded and their scared friends sought shelter In cellars and amI base basements basements ments often orten to be crushed there thero by later concussions Many sought the quays to find transportation across the bay CHURCHES BADLY SHATTERED The east city as RII well ell BJ lIS the center cInter was Wit badly shattered aha The oldest ec ecclesiastical ec ecclesiastical edifice the La Le I Patriarchal or cathedral had been ceen overthrown four tour hundred years before by an nn earthquake The grand dome fell rell crushing all nil be beneath beneath beneath neath It l and the conflagration tion Uon destroyed the roof root and campanile Close by b was the tho city prison once a II royal palace It also alto collapsed The dome at ot the lofty lott Sao Rao Vicente de Fora Tora suddenly collapsed The Paco laco dos K E Etao Es taos tao where the Inquisition had lu Ito home Ronne became a wreck Hau ly Iy an edl flee escaped eca ped No o wonder tho the people thought that the end of ot the world had come They The loaded themselves with crucifixes and saints Images and lay prostrate cry Ing Misericordia When one ob observed observed served a larger Image than ho he carried he hl rejected the old one and seized the tho now new however hoever battered Some of ot tho the clergy lost their heads and ran off ort to the court In the neighboring ne town of ot exclaiming that It lt was wasa a 11 punishment come upon them for tor their and their too great com corn 11 1 r heretic Too Tun many man manot of ot tho sufferer apathetic be bo lUnIng It impious to take care Iare of ot them themselves selves To ro the to It was he be believed hovelin In tho the middle of or the night there was an nn appearance of or the Mary Maryon Iaron on n a high hill hili overlooking the city She Sho 1 ho to sit 1111 among amon of ot tire tiro In the church called Nile Our Lady of ot Pen trade Franca Kronen and waved a white whit handkerchief hand handkerchief kerchief In token of ot forgiveness of oC sins sine SOLDIERS BEHAVED BADLY Many Ian of or the soldiery sol ller behaved and 1111 there was wae IS considerable con plunder and Bud violence but finally order was lIal restored restore 1 after about abort lt 80 SO wretches had been hanged tor for theft and murder murler One of ot fifer on nt lit the mint used his big hl nod judgment and ami demolished the buildings buildings around 5 1 a u as to save lave th t thi treasure In which he ha was successful and nd was 1 afterwards rewarded by b the King The first shock lasted nearly tour four mInute and was IVas followed by others other during durin tho time day and end morrow which Willi waa waat wa t Sunday The wind happily woe was as light until unU dawn on nn Sunday when It blew fresh and then the was 1105 burned Perhaps the most appalling catastrophe was tuna the whirlpool which on Sunday at noon engulfed the tho quay and carried bundled hun of ot people to the bottom Seventy British subjects were among the tho dead from tram all nil causes most of ot them Irish Catholics connected with a u theological college In the tho city A Jt Mrs trl Hake e r In of ot an Eng English helm lish baronet killed by a falling stone state but the rest of ot her party es escaped escaped 1 unhurt When the news reached Madrid the ther queen r een of ot Spain S m tin a Portuguese princess sent her hor brother brother Joseph u tl large large SUn sum In cash Frenchmen contributed n I little littleto to aid old the sufferers but most roost assist assistance assistance ance Race was os expected from tram England The Tho slow slaw means of at communication proved embarrassing No o vessel left Iett for tor Eng Bog England land until the of at the th month tho the winds being contrary and tha the second vessel sailed flailed 10 days daYl later Inter Th The Marquis of ot Gombal was wal then the time minister at court and he proved proved equal to the occasion When King Xing Joseph asked him after r the earthquake what ought to be ba dote don dOt Sire he replied curtly bury buny but tit 0 I dead and take tako care of at the living At AI least tea t perished by earthquake fin do doand and Hood flood Moreover the te disaster turned turrel away tho the current of at tourists who ho cam came southward to find and health and recreation lion tion During the tho late Into years of ot the em cen c n tury tur they preferred Pret to take pas passage ag to Bordeaux and visit sunny France Hen Henry Henr Henry ry r Fieldings Journal of or a I Voyage VO alle to Lisbon was followed 14 years yearn later br by b P Sentimental Journey Is la I southern France Lisbon ceased for fer good to be an Invalids resort |
