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Show i MOSTLY CLEAR RMPKHATUHES PorUand . .' 78 4S SI 4S Butt . 88 58 Yellowstone 71 18 s tm 88 54; Denver CC 47 97 (6 Chicago St. George 8S 48 5 Duluta Las Vegas 1H 78 SS 71 Washington Phoenix IN S New York .78 Lm Angeles 72 1 H MHwt . t. Saa Faa. r Lofur Salt Lake 50 4 S 5 0ta . t tt PROVO. VOL. 29, NO. 15 UTAH COUNTY. UTAH. SEPTE SUNDAY, PRICE 4951 9. FPE CENTS 49 NATIONS SIGN TREATY Communist Troops, Tanks Rolling Into Kaesong May Mean Offensive Ready Miss Utah Wins Top U.S.. Crown Colleen Former No Reply Received By Ridg way to Proposal Of Moving Talk Site Hut-chins- , BYU Coed, Becomes Miss America ATLANTIC Septl 8 U.R) Sign Pact For Defense SAN FRANCISCO. Sept. 8 The United States and Japan Saturday signed a broad security 'act giving America the right to base land, sea and air forces in and about Japan." Secretary of State Dean sftsftsftsicmBBsftsI Communis troops and Hutchins. the Miss Utah of tanks were reported today to the Miss America contest, have rolled into the truce city won the Miss America title; of Kaesong as front dis-- " Colleen Kay By FRANK TEEM AINE (U.R) By PHIL NEWSOM , Unites! Press Staff Correspondent TOKYO, Sunday, Sept. 9 CITY, N. Russia Boycotts Pact Signing; Hints New War U. S. Japan (U.R)- United Press Staff Cerrespendeat war FRANCISCO. Set. 8 (U.R) The five-yewith Japan ended formally in 64 minutes here Saturday when 49 nations signed a treaty oi peace. Soviet Deputy Foreign Minister Andrei Gromyko, who failed in efforts to torpedo the peace conference, charged it laid the foundation for "a new war in the Far East"cereAt the press conference just before the signature mony, Gromyko warned that ''those who impose suchre-a peace treaty with Japan take upon themselves all the sponsibility before the peoples for the consequences of such SAN- ar - Acheson, signing for the United the security. States, ''described as "part of a pattern for treaty defense of peace in the Pacific Saturday night. patches indicated the enemy area." In second place was nru- - was about ready to launch its For Japan. Prime Minister autumn offen nette Carol Mitchell, Miss Shigeru Yoshida signed the doc- a. step," Third was Lu Long sive. Indiana. ument, which declares the arRussia, Poland and Ciechoelovakia boycotted the signaOgburn, Miss North Carolina. from the There was no is necessary because rangement Fourth was Charlotte Rosalie Communist high reply on command ture ceremony which formally ended the war that began "irresponsible militarism has not Simmen.e Miss Arkansas,; Miss Gen. Matthew B. Ridgways the most infamous attack in history at Pearl Harbor with yet been driven from the world." Florida. Mary Elizabeth Godwin Thursday suggestion to move the Dec. on 7, 1941. Was fifth. armistice talks from Kaesong in Unprecedented Document The winner. Miss Utah, who hopes of ending the seven-wee- k Lease Air Baa r The pact, an unprecedented gave a dramatic reading in the deadlock. document between free nations, "capture" The signing ceremony was followed by signature of a Colleen Hutchins. sister of of But the Communist says American forces not only have provided may Kaesong J . "deter defense All American hoop star Mel pact between the United States and Japan. Under armed attack will upon the answer. The unofficial feeling to Hutchins, is a former Brig-habe used put that agreement, the United Slates will lease 10 air bases Japan" but may grew in Tokyo that if the ComYoung university coed "large-sca- le internal riots down the renew and two naval bases in Japan and station American troops to is decision and was crowned queen of munist and disturbances in Japan caused there to fUkahe vacuum left by withdrawal of occupation decno formal war will be there 'Y' Homecoming during one through instigation or intervenlaration but a sudden all out atyear of her residence in tack troops u ruler terms of the peace treaty. tion" by a foreign power. RUSSIANS PROTECTED after newspapers reported a fantastic plot to kill Andrei Shortly across front. the m. Prove. The latter section is aimed at Signature of the peace treaty began at 10:30 a. meGromyko and other members of his delegation through a contrived traffic accident, this truck Tanks Seen Communist - inspired trouble PDT in the of the war overturned on San Francisco's Bayshore Freeway, a short distance from where the accident auditorium Enemy (left) final judging, caught the fancy of was supposed to occur. The Soviet car (right), escorted by several police cars, swings over the which might break out in Japan. morial obopera House where Russia began its post-wthe 19,000 spectators as well as United Press Correspondent double line to pass the scene of the accident. Yoshida, speaking at the cereUnited in charter Nations the tactics structionist the fudges in a dress with white! Peter Kalischer reported from meeting bemony at the historic presidio ' rhinestone studded bodice drop- Munsan that 20 enemy tanks ac side the Golden Gate, pledged hi? six years ago. Gone Postcard armed shoulders' Penny and net skirt. companied by infantrymen ped petal After all the other 48 nations had signed the pact, Japcountry to "cooperate gladly and She was drowned by the retiring with' machineguns and other the in implewholeheartedly anese Premier Shigeru Yoshida stepped forward at 11:36 queen, tne miss Alabama of last automatic weapons had entered mentation of this pact." PDT to sign the treaty which returned his nation to a. in. year, Yolande Betbeze. Kaesong. The defense agreement was the An earlier report said 20 enemy of nations for the first time in nearly 10 years.' the to Communist family Japachallenge S5,dW Scholarship tanks were seen moving south on nese independence granted by the Behind him, the rising sun of Japan stood unfurled in the main road from Pyongyang a few a of the peace signed treaty of Miss Hutchins said that she Monday, equality with the flags of other nations for the position 2Vi miles north of Kae Thelject although only one of many hours earlier by 49 nations. since Japanese planes came boring out of the Washington, Sept. 8 (U.P) planned to use her $5,000 prize song, well within the neutral time first Continuous Protection Big Three foreign ministers may! for important talks aimed at "scholarship to continue her grad- zone. Front dispatches Saturday sky to explode the Pacifis war at Pearl Harbor. It stood uate work in dramatics, probably h difference. im-- 1 said the tank outfits acThe, additionally pro- to the right of the flags of 51 other nations 1 (ii WBHIWd ttfaiy"Xmerlean night ' at the University of Utah. -vide air entered Kaesong itself. L ZZTJ.t w -rm.ahiv to the'peding or threatening to impede and seathatforces stationedland, mmnarahie There is no way of telling how tually -' "- in and here in a bank of banners forming the background on the The reported tank movement ine penny post cara was -d of erowth was it with Japan, VRwhether youjpeace treaty lhe. U?s: was the most flagrant violation as gone today. but aZTomZ7im. about Japan" may be utilized to speakers' platform. -r tab. but Sm must have stamps indicated Saturday of Yoshida. wearing Kaesong's neutrality. will have to Dut four-cecollar, cutaway wing HT striped of State Dean Ache contribute to internal peace and oone wen in tne tnree categories yet . Groundwork for the move Ji.f Secretary S coat and UN on ordinary letters depends on that Communist charges With a fountain Roman Frve trousers in British !nCUJ,aypa,nr'stl,e pen. nn an weeK. iney included her M Jc"rit "...Tnat Signed JForeign is When Secretary script lawt thm it laid.. been riV, ha, ready ranees in talent, swimming to break off the armistice negoThen also officials for Yoshida, other yrpcfalasmsd signed The senate passed a bill Friday completed it wiU be a . bowing Japan. attack from without" "sim and evening gown compe tiations on Aug. 23. uiiiuiiuu riioht to rsicp nncfa rpupnuos hv asainst KUSSla wnicn ma-- iOOSen QTO to the applause of the conference. The agreement will comea into: Wnt-rA r rflturn Cnn swH VrS a II srt i as Ksirlr It lJUII r llliUVVJ r r r tition. Gerrtianlfi on eastern vSIt would the Soviet grip uiaiuiivv pan nrM General Ridgway 4n a sharp $400,000,006 a year. Hov ntcrKt in h susmA a tenl na lurtc. wnen uic JaDanc?c irrd iv ICU There was a clear indication 10 Japans aeiegauon wcuon. double thfe rate for penny all denied Thursday from the anamer,c" Japanese treaty signing "r"""" this afternoon that she had al VVUU1 on ordinarv ,,..,.! cards boost srnostaee " sv s i,irv. vassa l ,TW Secret nr of State Dean Ache Germany will be the top; sub- - at San Francisco. J f viStiitM) occupation rights end. This would chance to win, when the vioJlt-(- 1"T" th to gopd cents. andrletters three four from tv.,, neutralitv hard-nose- d rascals 'in the press A nn .air -- n l i u letters from fi to K ended the histor LUC " - - mail ' i i bflliva aM- U- the United'president.inwtu; to in her wind coop picked up : The Reds had not; cents and raise other postal rates. ot a Droaaer system 01 meeting at ii:ao a. m. mi, wassM elsewhere - axaies iL division. first the The house bill doesn't go as far . u" To 1. ' .. rL. hiro by early Sunday the benediction llZ " L bases in the Far East. Others in the first 10 all of answered arid were vindica- as the senate's. The house is exthere May the peace of God. which growing wod T,h aJ of is the Three the treajy Continued on Fate Two) Big meeting own bill all be tions the Red offensive was near. pected to, take up its. on passes Conltwued understanding. Tws) in a first is also esnearly later this' month t raise an yearIt us and live with us al- - Ry CUFF A. MDLLEa amongst the irst for Morrison since he Almost Toe Quiet" timated $136,000,000 more postal I became foreign secretary. . United Prass Staff revenue. It also doubles the JUInfOriQl" iXlllCU An Allied briefing officer at penny post card rate, but would The routine for next ueek Act of Kecanciltattoa POINT OF THE MOUN 8th army headquarters reported not ch'anee nostace for ordinarv talks is this: Acheson meets with Con- a TAIN. is it was "almost too quiet" alongrand air mail letters said Acheson the a Sept. 8 (U.R) treaty aaix a MorrisonMonday Acheson will x sepi. U ouist, at 1..11 q t convictim F. of reconcilistion true uum set the linen Citv and L.ikc on hosincssman Srhumnn Mine murderer uic uic Tu.t. unantlv i, ix yi lull Pendinfl bills to rant that has preceded major -enemy. raises for 500.000 postal workers operators of an airport business day. Wednesday morning the lost his last chance "nt?V,m.wTl!n' Jr., rnoves in the past.. AlTd there have; at of more than $200.-Portland, Ore., and of an air three get together around the rate the Deen tne same probing attacks ooo.OOO a vear would offset half transportation For thst reason, he said, "we Saturday to escape a Mon-wej- -e in Alaska small oval walnut table at th line across the front. all able to join in an effort day. "sunriae date with a fir- indictin were named state denartment's international mnn ih Saturday wnto raii' inrrosc. ,nH Salt Lake City and four Salt were mounting, reports than wipe out the proposed house ments returned by a federal scofifererjee room: The meetings to sihk pur differences in a great ng squad at the Utah state PRICE. Utah. Sept. 8 0J.B Lake county irrigation compan- of There Russian-typmoving to- - hot grand jury investigating war sur- -, will continue Thursday and per Sheriff's officers in Price Satur- - new step forward. and he was almost ies filed a Suit in Fourth . district ward the e front tanks and indications! Ihaps on Friday, depending on day announced the death of a "This morning we signed the prison in plus '.property disposal. President FebruTruman court Saturday against Provo the Communists may be prepar-jariaj JJ o r t h Hollywood, treaty. Now we must live the; asked congress for postage The grand jury returned two progress. city, the Utah Lake Farmers' as Mjirc wK- -e , fina, v mu iorce. increases to bring in at least. indictments Wednesday., O n e . . .. . .a plea .u man i sSciation and the Utah Lake and A e vidj suum uj a iroiy. 1.1 niu iui uui j ifiaiji: ranriava vai., Some by General on Agreement lne we?tern front $361,000,000 for the post office de- - named Abraham (Abe) Green car while fixing a flat tire at friends to see that this treaty qI. Til down Jordan dam commission, askine found,pal.ro beaved a 12 ,enemy , , , j identification eountv.l in bririffe Colton root th Utah T.niro ntv 3rH" the. it . lf. true . hnH .icj . vnoio - . ....,. , ,, nartmpnt . tne court tor a judgment re, I. and calmly lit a cigarette i ne j nnn nnn in other irrintlv named Silas Kinc. panels in me lonchon area who diedi "I sav to them that a rreat. sigh .run more, than s.snn ..j... r diiiea man commissionersa . He was D H Geiman He had less than 48 hours to establishing "the old "compromise coiorea to used a in to Price lies markers, the broad red you. in this Shell identify, Simmons. IPortland. and open hospital.' Utah lake. highway year the United States Sir ivone Kirk- - Fridy night point." live. ir aj- - Officers said Oeiman wss struck Obstacles have been cleared awsy NewsDaoer Rate Areued This 'compromise point." was (. eniinuea on rage two) o 'Juneau. Alaska, all .three charccd natrir-"How does it feel?- - he said ne acros ran tne wnen can clear as far established in the courts in 1896 government Biggest house Rights were ex- - with conspiracy and conspiracy Francoisponcet of France start- - tO hihwrjao quietly "I've been waiting five fCOVer a hub cap them away. pected over proposed increase to defraud the .United States in erf their ourn moetinire last iarawlr by what is known as the: Hatch long years to die what's two was In. Ttle 10th death the is to rest war "The the and with connection arid you up the for, maxi surplus to DreDare for the conversations newspapers decree, designated magazines more days?" m cerelnu tiaI the year and over efforts to restore twice- - disposal. before uta" mum level at which the Salt Lake.' Just emTmW signature Under Utah's unique execution Historic polio experiment, made it laws. mail deliveries. mony Gromyko began, was set by Federal Judge me?t shlulJ MunkThe "C irrigation companies could allow "hi? Mares, . r . the : . .. Utah-couni comes to in end the lake to raise. Clark at $5000 in all crease SenatC A in rests other of Orient The plaintiffs are clairrrfng now; as far as inoculations are the whA T hands, f.theV w.. . ZILZ cases Simmons and King vor of T The rate on special delivery will be concerned. Months of checkpolitical contract 111110 Clipper dhipS that '"as a result of erosion, washimmediately arraigned a. to treatv but ing remain. Page 2. letters from 15 to 30 cents and upon their surrender here, the Demonstration ing of waves and other causes, out Russia? .uT-JTm" "ZZ P" Eas" boost rates for insured, registered U said monument established oni S. marshals office said. i!!-"?- . Peach pickers desperately Can ' " it C. - R " O. and 8 D. a a. Snail island and the temporary1 wtohr, wa.a QJ.p) waaw A va SAN Cel.. DIEGO. an mail in , extra r.Tr' for 4 be i "l "t needed Utah .Sept. h Grecnband may araigned county. Page S24,0(W.0OO a Warden Wei Haslam of the 250 architect 10 monument referred to in the 3. ' tuna Led Dulles, Tu "a" Acting I Citv. year. 'after big clippers, Salt 4.ake by tresty.' ; immediately rRTO a 2. The rates on nareel nn.t hi. arwrt 1V" Hatch decrees as located near the horns wailing, pa- - told reporters that the Soviet said Mare will be the first mur- their boats, .ou.f Lehi revives interest in eity head of the Jordan river, havej and other fourth class mail to should Uke the solidarity of the derer to fsce s firing squad in U S Marshal Everett Evans through this sewer plan. Page 3. been so shifted and displaced that swanky bring in $63,000,000 more a year, said arrangements had been made republic nearly . roWoiet free harbor, Saturday to dramatise the peace conference as . warning Utah's Other features 'today: of fjghermen idled by the against making any overt rnoves4.Mountain prison. Four other con- By 50 per cent over a two- - with Attorney Thomas Jones of hTv they no longer marVi or establish; pllght sand compromise point. tuna There had been speculation that; video slayers will remain In Pages ycar period the rate on third Roise to surrender both Simmons Bm. tnere importation of duty-fre- e In connection with the estab- - Central Utah News ,maaJr V differences that j, choking their business. Jtussis would seek to offset its; death row while their attorneys 2, 3, 4. 5, S class mail m. Sept. 2 at him to and P circulars, Kins catalogs . a . a a muuI. i n the safeguards in the As the boats passed the civic diplomatic defest here by opening run the gamut of appeals to l.n rnr an avin vn ,n the marshal s office in.on fomf iishrnenfJsqi the Snail island mon- - Around dtiu jih ii k.l-ui n s u contract u. ii ent, "which determined said! News Briefs . : 4i$17v500,000 ije Germany's center, horns were blown. 0 The up the Korean war to new full courts ana the board of pardons. in each of the next Boise .', Mares wis convicted of the 4 two years. Books were srJecific-- l The indictment against Green- - democratic development and her compromise point as 4515.799 feet Statistics (Continued on Page Two! (Continued on Page Two) a ove sea level, there was estab- - Snorts . 1948. slaying of Jack D. . June, a,'' ally exempted from the increase. 'band listed 26 'Overt acts" of cooperation with the West. The lished on thet east shore of Utah Business Pags a Corning. Ohio, sailor . 1 A! 4. Bv 20 ner eent a i oio iirniirataH unitea states, tor instance, is m- aor Stallings, eio in retaining the right to who was en route' to San Jose, lake, near Geneva, a permanent Deaths 13 for magazines and 10 per cent a former state purchasing agent terested monument from which said com-- ! Editorial Cal to be married. He. was senif. 14 year rates for newspapers, for" the Harold A. Boyd, also known as I 1 e rY e n. .a tenced to die originally Aug. 4. point could be and can Drew Pearson promise .14 next tnree years, for an estimated Harold .Arthur Schwab. '"'"J now be fixed, and the plaintiffs Frank C. Robertson knit numerous appeals to .1947 .144extra $16,500,000. The indictment against Sim- from Exempt have requested and demanded. Women's Features ,the state supreme court, state Sec. 2 the increase are publications of mons and King charged them A that the Utah lake and Jordan School New board of pardons and the U. S. sur- - I 1(11111111 Sec. charitable Ml tsxes which Supreme court dam commission fix and estab- Church News . ws. 6, 12, Sec. 22srehgious. organizationsand as other with violation ofactthe infederal WASHINGTON. Sept 8 U: reaffirmed excise have delayed the obtaining welj plus property lish a permanent monument from Comic Strips The senate finance committee would yield nearly $1,300,000,000. execution all these years. 8. Sec. 2 as periodicals for use in class- - possession of a Grumman Goose slat f Uaaaaa insuch datum to indicate said com- Classified The execution will be directed gave final approval Saturday to These included a 8, 10, tl, Sec. 2 'room or religious instruction. IfllddUUII nUlllC airplane. a talc increase on irraividual and crease on a package of cigarettes. by Sheriff promise point as being at the George M. Risfaer af -elevation above indicated." and td higher a half cent more on a gallon of Summit county incomes the county wheia corporation 8 INDEPENDENCE. Mo , Sept. The suit further asks that the ieVies on cigar eU, gaso- - gasoline, one dollar more the slaying took place. The fUPUPresident Trumsn took it excise s tax of commission or other persons apbarrel sand beer, liquor line, liquor, beer. automobiles, iff, who selected his "secret" fir easy at his home before head- and boost equal to about 27 cents on ing squsd several days ago, the other items. pointed by court, back to to ing Washington give After two sessions todsjr, how- a fifth of 85 proof whisky. monument or monuments. (ConUaaed a Page IS) Prior to the Hatch decree, TOKYO, Sunday, Sft. 9 (U.R), Today the Red radio outlets lieved the connection would be his legislative program another avcrthe committee sun oaa taii- - The present five per cant tea which was a Utah supreme court Chances for a Korean armistice bitterly assailed "imDeralist" Am- - revealed in the expected reply:??05.1 ,n we waning aays oi tne on a tax on the manufacturers price on an iU work tcPfinish ' would go up to eight ericans as "warmongers" and from the Red leaders to jRidg- - "pna congress. , ruling, the Salt Lake irrigation reached a new low today. raising bill designed to boost automobile ' A 10 nar rent tax would ner rent The Rad a to about dam 20 constructed Front income murderers" will sovernment front back If wav. while t reoorts' by president companies fly dispatches reported . ' . a a ituKsiaii-ij'p.i . . .. ; . . i me . . , .i i : ' n l i iri a .wwi nrveas, "iwere uu, ii e Dv be applied to the manufacturers LI J u utnas 111 uie o.uuo.vnw.uta7. ' - t ha IahI.h .1mA. uic TT1( mice maicaiea peace His luuay. reaayj campaispatcn irom ,TS additional' water. This resulted injeity of Kaesong in what an schedule Red to relax of was tanks that clear earlier would to strike southward in an autumn price of many electrical aptdi- kept Proposals reported i now formal ex ances of tax not Utah be t w h the most land the. armed offensive. the decision marrowmg including county engagements. flooding infantrymen flagrant neutrality parsed, Resfarm lands surrounding the lake, violation of the long series, of The San 'Francisco peace con- - machineguns entered Kaesong .The first order of business on emption of fsrm cooperatives vacuum cleaners, dishwashers and CHICAGO. Sept. 8 X of and midwest porthe idents thebrin-hiand a big controversy arose. commits The to return crises that have disrupted the ference was believed to be lies along one of washing machines. Washington will be were still pending. The case went into the courts truce talks were tions .of the eastern seaboard . A few minor rhanges factor in the truce ieipal historical Invasion routes to confer with his congressional tee will meet again Monday important their furnaces. Saturday wich Utah county farmers fightThe Communists still had not negotiations, and Communist fail- - leading toward Seoul. leaders, probably early Monday an attempt to finish the bill made today' in aa earlier excise stoked to ward off the ehili of a late re tee deto a to prevent tax move leaders decision The the! cornanit senate could want, of a Such make will which ing for a low level, and Salt replied officially to Gen. Mat-- ! ure morning. They conceivably signing . .i ' .. . .I .. WW mm ; a T nA MH.UiKM arid Voted against summer cold snap that broke . versed itself i DrillK .IV .1UIC aaw aaa Lake county farmers, .a i ncua ... WWC LUIIMUCI UCHL high thew B. Ridgway's Thursday of UdpdUCSC utc DhJ. W'UlCdU ,L. i Aaiiiiimuuu UI IIJC CJI(HXVCU uis tailtt ivms that lain aula a era linn records St lfiSaag POinll annlvin one. After an 11 -- year battle, the fer to move the talks to another have an adverse effect on peace another site for the talks. But lative situation. week A mass of cold. Canadian air to Hatch decree was issued, and it site although Peiping and Pyong in Korea. . The tsx and diesel fuel used it seemed more logical it was gasoline president's range Along with the persoaal nenrfine a chilled Michigan. WJSaMSSStCL IUi- fixed the level at just over' three yang radios called it an "impu of in hiahwav vahirla If the San Francisco confer part of the general southward plans call for a tour long of the conn- - corporate income increases feet above the points which had dent" attempt to blame-thReds ence is connected by tenuous inchins forward of Communist try after contrress adiourns. which a Bout $4,467,000,000 a year. Chair- - staff study This trimmed $10J,- - nols. Indiana and Ohio. S8ss1O I lifted dOWB the Atlantic been established as the low water for Kaesong neutrality viola- - Communist reason inc to the Kae-- : forces all alons the Korean bat-i- s expected to be early in Ot- - man Walter F. George. D.. Ga.. nnn fmm th. aatimatarf irialrf of from to South Carolina. Maine tions. cease-fir- e t song bemark. bill. tober. was had the the committee it tlefront. thst talks, reported long-expect- ed . . 5 -- m : gilt-and-crims-on ar Dmw Up Senators Pass Bij Three May Pact for West Germans Measure for Higher Postage ?55!!?5JE J -- rr:rin -- v, ap-iu- nt - rtt,5t .JP& u.ii i I I I i I J - I bb sssssssspsi Execution- i post-(man- y. w V Grand Jury Boise Indicts Salt Lake Man Irr . Compromise Point Re-establish- i - JTX&l" fc,-n Set Monday -- Near Colton in Utah County w . at I 130-mi- le S9im fty , y ya , . .'. f- , -- p.i. Inside the Herald - ay SrLnortl , WgS ty ai.. ii " idents' K feS f 1 "i.i" rthT.i v ' I 0" n& W- . """'. n-.,- ,-, wihi ' - u ' MOTeS j ment Requested in Suit Ut - T a-- I . W mh,..,, aa IL .r a aa m a. ed Point-of-the-r- 3. 1 . the-tVorl- j i ? d .. J . 1 t : New Personal, Corporation Income Tax Rates Approved anti-democra- tic wt- ....... Dare .1-5- 6-- 7, non-pro- , fit . one-pen- ny Chances for Korean Armistice Fade Summer Cold Snap n Pncf Ctftc " . ' .1 1 a """""i T . j - I . 1 I I I i I 1 |