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Show THE DAILY IiAHX3 CITIZ7 UTAH, T32IBTJ27I2 GAIjT AX IlDIJimTG, SXTOT OVEMBEII 8; 1801.' i f -- I I i , . a, Li " ''.' 4 f f f 1 I i -- ' r ' ft V St I: ' f ' ' to OkSb: 5 4 i' "4 i ! J W "V. Slxort, Notice. ! V r ) ." Blank Books for Bankers, Blank Books for County Officers, r ': pi ) 1 E .! I , & , . - wt T -- J hf sJ Blank Bookabr CorpoitiQns, . 1 i ? BlftpjfeBoo 3 3 1 frf t i i .t W jr. W i'lif i.Viip(i nta. 1r, 11 i i i V EMY BUSINESS. BLMNK BOOKS FOR Iv. -- , Tribune ' 1. -- i i'4 5 LAKE OlfTY 4 ' VAIIAMAKER'S HEW MUSEUM sentatlon In this permanent show of Mr. Wanamaker's. iThe Postmaster-Generwishes to respond In kind, by supplying illustrate this, a story which the writer knows to be true is told of al ' Qceer ) Ilcttsds ef Carrying Slail to Bo Sioirn at the PostoiHee. " t i ALL 4 THE NATIONS THE OF WORLD . Inrlted to Contribute Postal S jm tenia OlTlltieil and PrtmltlTe Some IGxtraordlDary Tbtnic Seen bjr Ex plorer Raetl oo Mount St. Ellas A Tariff Wanted on JLeeohes. OOKRnpOIKDBircS , TuiBtTXB.l Washinqtox, Nov. . 1, 1891. tae jrostotuce Department. to nls sent In response out some months ajro, many foreign Governments have to Washington forwarded already exhibits Illustrating the methods they adopt for carrying the mails. Included In these consignments are costumes of ,) which In Europe are very gorgeous and military, specimen letter boxes, miniature superb pnotograpns or foreign postouices. statuettes representing people engaged in transporting man alter various fash Ions, and ever so many other Interesting things. Then is a set of exqultoly-execute- d figures In papier mache from India which now adorns the mantelOne piece of the Postmasters-General- . of them shows a postal runner In British a bag of letters and India, carryingbreech-clout, clad only In a with along spear In his hand from which little bells dangle. The weapon is for his defense against the wild animals that infest the Jungles through which he Is obliged to pass, though one would think It a poor tool for coplngl with a striped tiger of Bengal, while the bells are Intended to frighten the cobras, kralts, and other venomous serpents. Another statuette presents the same runner In the act of paddling across a stream In his customary manner, on a rait made simply of four big corked jars of earthenware fastened together. Other are seen riding on camels, which easily travel thirty miles a day, or In light carts drwn by Indian buffaloes over rough roads where horses could not go. requests, letter-carrlsrs- mall-vehicle- 4 ! I s, . mail-carrie- SPKICIaXj rOBXUOJff rs KXHipiTS. ., Austria has sent a particularly, gorgeous exhibit, unboxed yesterday for. the first time. It comprises everything imaginable that has to do with the business of carrying; mails, even to postand the written mark stamps, music of the bugle calls by which the postmen In that country announce their arrival. England has promised costumes, but a full set of uniforms has already arrived from Canada. Letter-carriein the 'British possessions are ClI howlinj odctal swells, with, winterj caps and collars of real Astrachan fur, lcsthsr leslo::, scarlet chamots-ski- n steer. for cold weather, and unif corses a ri'J buttons,h f r71th each suit butt.-- s tLa " , ' . Ink-pad- s, rs a! l.-r-- Jr. 1 't. l Italj, 11 1 tij. C. 1,3 r Trr-C- 'i:--ny- it c D, tiL u" who was employed for a time as one of As he was these pony dashing up to a- lonely station on the plains, he saw several men standing about the entrance of the 'store," which was almost the only building there. 'His practiced eye perceived in the fraction of a second that he was going to be at tacked. Ueaplag from his horse, he ran into the side entrance of the store. which led to the dwelling quarters over head. The men followed him with drawn weapons, and, while he retreated up the stairs, he killed all seven of them one mail-carrier- j - -- "1 Post-offic- the; JLNOTHKR that door TTPK OF POSTMAJfj 1 shown will be the messenger of scrip tnrai times, frequently referred to in the Bible, who conveyed royal messages; by word of mouthy 'It is incredible how swiftly information or orders coiuldj be transmitted In this way across the coun try, every man being obliged by law to Immediately forsake jhis occupation and run and ten tne next person along the line of communication. The Bedouins practice this method of conveying In telligence at the present day. If 'there is news for an individual, each one who hears it r communicates It to all' his neighbors; and they spread it In every dlrectlon'until finally the man" is found for whom it is meaat. Uapan has now as good a postal system as that of the United States, but fifty years ago a letter addressed to anybody in that country Usually bore only the name. with no address whatever. .The: missive reached the intended recipient! from nana to nana, eitner a i recta y or ova method similar to that just described. Other models In the new museum will represent the wonderful postal couriers who carry royal messages In China. They are the most rapid riders la the world and; have been known to make the entire distance of 3000 miles from L'hasa, the capitalist Thibet to Pekin In twenty-liv- e days. , They have a Tight to selie by imperial requisition any horses on their routes, no matter to whom the animals belong. One hundred miles a day is about their average rate of travel.!! They eat and sleep but little. a dismounting once In a while to smoke ittle opium. Before leaving his l point of departure, each such carrier has his placed in the lining of his dispatches rooe, wmcn is seaia upon nis pe son so that he cannot open the garment cluring his Journey. jLhe work or tses' umnese eoiurlers reminds one sotaetrhat of the f l.uous to make t U dis- pony express thtt In ten days fndm St. miles tance of :00 over the rbush-Daxl- n Joseph to ' est sort -ci riders; each 2 d'.itinca fcclwcea travrr::.- -- THE GU4.CXKBS. . ? i ' ' s.' after another. Other interesting methods for carry ing the mails will be illustrated in the museum by miniature reindeer sledges such as the Russians use on routes in Siberia; by dog teams, sleds,' snow sboes and skates, ail or which are employed for the same purpose in the frozen Arctic; also by canoes, in which the people of the Sonth Sear Islands, who have no kind of writing, carry the news. The Eskimo have no postal system at all, and for lack of mutual com munication whole villages sometimes On one occasion- - about ten perish. years ago, a trader left two barrels of New England rum on St. Lawrence Island, just south of Bering Strait, In payment for some furs. The native residents proceeded to get drunk, and stay so. Consequently, they did not do any bunting,- - and when winter came they died of starvation. The explorer Wilson landed upon the island about a year later, and found 700 or 800 dead. the entire population having been wiped out. Looking in through the chimney holes In the roofs of their dwellings, he saw in every house only corpses lying about all perished of hunger. " 5 Mr. Wanamaker's new postal museum win do orfranizea as quicmy as space can be cleared for It In the building of 1- - THE FAMOUS WILD BIX,! these nations with samples lllustratinje. uncie asm s way or mails, but no appropriation forcarrying the purpose is at present available. It ought to be very useful for civilized countries to compare tneir postal meinoas. 'mere is a very fine postofflce museum of this sort .now In Berlin, on which a greadeal of money uas oeen spent. In Mr. Wanamaker's museum will also be Illustrated various tive methods of carrying thet primi mails, as practiced in different of the parts world now and in ancient times. For example, there will be shown a model of the negro postal runner of South Africa, who bears the letter entrusted to his care In a split stick, which he plants up; right" in the ground when he pause! to rest. He consumes little food, but much tobacco, and his, endurance is wonderful. He wears no clothes, bat covers his naked body with oil, rolling in the dust thereupon; so that the flies will find him too unpleasant to bite. He carries the letter in the manner described so' that It will not got "greasy, and, while swim ming with one hand across a stream! he holds tho missive out of the water with e the other, The architect of the building once said Department tnat ne regretted not having placed a statue Of this primitive mail4carrler main above of edifice. to 'A t I ' !y - "z 4 - :il2, ri tLz 5 -- - Ice-fiel-ds ti t- .- .... tumbled nrro crzvassk and was only saved by the pack fastened j to his shoulders, which Interrupted his progress through a twist in the frozen tunnel that had yawned for him. The Agassiz glacier Is one of four great with1 about a glaciers which, together! thousand small ones, flow ont from the mountains at the north to the mighty streams Malasplna glacier, pouring their of Ice continually Into this ; vast frozen sea.. - This glacier of Malasplna, from 1500 to 20O0 feet thick. Is Interesting not merely because of Its enormous size but also by reason of the fact; that It is the only one now In existence of the same type as the glacier which! formerly covered all jpf this continent as far south as and St. Louis, leaving Philadelphia are visible to ' this day in traces that scratches on the rocks. 'Professor Russell tells a remarkable story about a meeting that he had with two bears. He was returning to camp over a rather steep slope of glacier, and found that the quickest and easiest way to make the journey was by sliding. Says he: Uslng my alpenstock as a brake, I descended swiftly and without difflculty for several hundred feet, my dogs bound ing along beside me. Suddenly, upon looking up, I was startled to see two not more than ISO huge brown bears Had slide been con , my away. yards a few seconds more, I should tinued have been in exceedingly unpleasant company. I was unarmed ana entirety unprepared for conflict; with a pair of the most savare animals found In that country. They were not at all disturbed by my presence and, In spite of my shouts, which I thought would make them travel off, one of them came leisurely toward me. His strides over the snow revealed a strength and activity commanding admiration despite the de ; - of ice the vegetation attains an almost Arctic tropical luxuriance, and the to the well nigh impassable jungles areOne Of the chief obstacles enexplorer. countered in threading them Is a plant known as the "Devil's club," which grows to a height of ten or fifteen feet. Its Stems running along the ground for some distance, and then turning upward. Every part of Its surface,, even to the ribs of the leaves, is thickly set with spines, which inflict painful wounds, and, breaking off in the flesh, cause festering sores. In the Isucia glacier occurs a most interesting feature, in the shape of a glacial river which comes out front a mountain through an archway of Ice, flows for a mile end a half in plain view, and then Is lost to sight In another j tunnel. Where the stream emerges finally Is unknown. No explorer has as yet been bold enough' to enter the the tunnel and drift, through, after the fashion of Allan Quartermain and Umslopogaas. The greatest risk In such an undertaking would be from falling blocks of ice. At the mouthcon-of the : tunnel there are always fused noises and rythmic vibrations to : bo heard from the dark recesses within. The air is filled with it pulsations like deep organ notes,to and transbut little Imagination requires form these strange, sounds into the voices and songs of the Inhabitants of the nether world.. It used to be sup posed that Mount St. Ellas was a vol cano and sailing on the Pacific .have often ) beheld what they Imagined to be smoke issuing from Its summit; but. this is a mistake.. and it is probable that' the alleged smoke was really avalanche dust blown jap ward by - , the wind. . ' sea-captai-ns t FBOTSCfnOX FOB jLKECHES.- - Congress ought surely to place a pro tective tariff on leeches. For years' past the European leech has been driving the American variety out of the market In the -- United States,' until there has comd to be hardly any sale worth men tioning for domestic leeches, except in in that city Philadelphia, Physicians have continued to maintain the value of leeches' born and raised in this country. About .all the collecting of these 'interIn Uncle esting worms done at present.Bucks and Sam's realm lis limited to Berks counties In Pennsylvania. In former times many ponds in eas tern Massachusetts, Including the seuth end of Cape Cod, were noted for the great number of leeches which they contained, and early in the present century leeches were regularly collected from them for medicinal purposes. Though often bigger than the foreign species, Ju inches twelve length, reaching! as they are notand so for powerful this very reason they are preferrred to the latter for the treatment of certain complaints. be used freely and with less Thty can to the patient; also they can be danger employed; upon delicate parts of the act cidedly body where the Imported kind wouldnear in? COMFORTABLE IXZU50 too vigorously. For application awakened by his proximity and evident the eye they are specially recommended, tVi In 'In T and severaJ are sometimes used, distrib nHnltv measured the tracks of an; animal of tie uted- over a vrida spaca, where it is same species, insula while wtlklcj over thought ts3t not to extract the entire It a soft, level surf-- . tnd fiusd esch 1m- - ar: vant tl--cft tlocd frcia a tingla paint era Isecfeea Araerlcsa Is i !i tsrezaioii to taeasare 9 by 17 iacl5ea.-.asfor ; .T' 1 t- - Co t '3 wera cf cas Karo- the. stride to reaci 64 lac&ea, Ea fir tvlr-e- n However, tf tkej tr thl Is ta I have been a to ncra do tl zj used so Azt zr,cch. tr2.ck hza beea 13 tiat j largest Strawberries and mosquitoes seem to of. Mount St. Blias, according to the testimony of Professor Israel C. Russell, who hu 1nst returned to Washington from that region of eternal ice and snow In Alaska, where the highest peak' in Korth America rises' to an ' altitude of 19,000 feet from the midst of a glacier 1000 square miles In area and as big as all those of the Alps put together. Along the edge of the glacier all the way from ley bay to Yakutat bay, there extends a strip of green coast which is covered with luxuriant vegetation. Strawberry vrnes cover the ground for miles, and the verdant fields are red dened as far as the eye can reach with luscious fruit which compares favorably in point of size and flavor with the finest grown In temperate latitudes. There are huckleberries, too, and "salmon ber ries," which are something between blackberries and raspberries, but of giant site, measuring nearly two inches In diameter All the lowlands are carpeted with violets, buttercups, yellow, monkey flowers and other wild blossoms. Here and there In the midst of the vast are the loveliest gardens, watered by the meltlnr snow. There are plenty of grizzly .bears In the vicinity of Mount St. Ellas, but Pro fessor Russell did not find them very dangerous. lie says that his encounters with tLeca reminded hio of killing rs. Of brown and black bears he tz'xr and shot a great taany The expedition net with eaoush perils, however, to txtlzifthe raost adventurous cecrraphlctl exrrs. i:zztlj tli cf tte cMrstfr z ted. tinned Ssaa .cs eissp walla of lea to transferred tlia esc: c'Jitir.it- ti 1 c 7 ry - r be equally plentiful In the neighborhood : ud an avalanche had carried away the steps which they bad made in going up. The staircase was destroyed for Impromptu 3 OO feet, and they had to lower a man by a rope to chop oat another, there be ing no other way of getting down. Snob accidents as this were not uncommon. Avalanches were continually falling. with the speed rushing down the4 slopesWith a roar like of railway trains, and thunder that .couldk. be heard twenty miles away. One night about 13 o'clock the party was passing" over' a bad place in the Agassiz glacier. Two men were in the lead, drawing a sled. Suddenly they disappeared 'from sight, having fallen Into a crevasse or fissure in the ice. caught uponof a pro Luckily they were the at about ledge depth jecting twenty feet, else they would have never been seen again. They were hauled out with ropes. The next day, in the same neighborhood. Prof essor Russell chanced to look behind him and saw that the ice field ever which be had just passed was gone,! leaving an enormous hole of un known depth. - Another time one of his men 2 i. " . . v f 4 . t.tf - blood-sucker- s, . . - - ct-l- fc-a- r I. T2f a-- H tzw t Vi ji l.;a, ny t !-- 1 .r, I a r, ! 1 c: 1- 1 tJ !CIJLC3 half an Inch in diameter. Such cocoons may Often be seen near the edge of be hatched they are t to THE SWAXPT BKOrOirS Sools, where - are a 'There the of suhr heat where they grew and were gathered great many species of leeches, but only underwent extensive draining operations one is native to North America that has from jbime to time, nnttl at length vast medicinal value, and two to Europe. areas once rendered profitable by their Rene Bachk. wa.rma were dried DD. ' Thus Was occasioned a famine of leeches, and alii realizaEurope suddenly awoke t the Strenuous misfortome. a tion, of great efforts were made to Bod a remedy, and several Governments offered premiums for successful results in leech; cultore. At the rfreftenttlme nearly all the leeches used abroad come from, artificial ponds and meadows In the South of France. Paris Is the principal receiving center for them, and from that city they are sent to England and the United States, and to South America through ' New " York. for selected The localities propagating where purposes are swampy meadows, the. bottom is firm and solid. Areas chosen are divided Into rectangular plots arrives by ditches. The breeding season In June and July, snd at this time water v Is admitted only into the ditches, the meadow flats remaining dry. The eggs are laid by the leeches in the loose roil at the margins of the - " PHtryuExus sAWYErt.; ; ditches. When the young ones are meadows the hatched, six. weeks later, to vnscjowsnr ; skvatob accxtsxd ow are overflowed artificially a depth of thk bbibcbt by la votf -six or eight Inches.' Before the young '...;';:': '; lette. come out of the eggs, as many of the old WIsW of La Follette transand are ones as possible caught has created a profound sensation ferred to other places, 'lest they eat tood consin and throughout the Badger Milwaukee in the food much of the required by Philetus State by charging Senator had leeches offspring. The young-' stated with Sawyer Sawyer bribery. and horses blood of on the are fed living to desired La he that employ shalmerely cattle, which are driven into the Madi to ln documents hunt Follette up and a week low water twice permitted son in relation to the: State Treasury only to remain for certain time.": It Is know that he was worms cases, and did notbrother-in-lathe feet of the animals that. .the before Slebecker's .. Judge attack but they cases were to be La tried. whom the . OZT SJ3TOT70H 8TTSTEJCA2CCB Follette replies) that he met Sawyer at in this; way to grow rapidly. Fresh the Planklngtoh,' Milwaukee, on Septem blood from the slaughter houses Is also ber 17th last. Sawy erf then said that fed t to ;them, or : sometimes they are the cases were important, bqt he didntte for a care to pay 9100,000, and offered La placed la It while It Is still warm, 50 and promised; S10Q0 . or 1500 short while. During the winter they when Slebecker decided' the cases right. remain torptdat the bottom. owners of This being refused, Sawyer then asked stated that It are accustomed ' buy old and La Follette how much he would take to. to ponds diseased horses for driving into the act as attorney and was told that he had. leech preserves, allowing the poor not money enough to engage La Follette beasts to be bled to death by the blood- as counsel after what ho had said. La. that he consulted suckers, which fasten (n all parts of Follette states further upon the occurrence and laid their bodies, and kfll them by slow his friends torture. This may be done sometimes, the matter before Judge Siebecke'r a few' but it certainly is not a common prac- days before .the latter; announced his tice. For three years the leeches are of decision not to try. tbe case. .Republimarketable size, measuring an average cans are very Indignant' at La Fcllstta of two Inches in leu-t- b. They" are for making 'his statement and . CzzzIzt medium Sawyer repeats his denial of all h!3 as market in small, the graded are accuser's allegations. Senator Bar? 'jc? ones and large; but the very btg was born in Vermont In IS 16. lie w.3 considered for being only, breeding kept .to the 39th, 40th, 41st, 42nd and are use. elected trans to too dangerous Tbey cases or 43rd Congresses and took his seat In t:. j ported and stored in wooden or mold. United States Sexiate ln ZIarch, ltzi. pails containing swamp earth The bite of a European leech is much Ilia present term will. expire In 2arcl , deeper than that cf an American speci- is33. ' men, and he blsedls lists longer aftsr 730 Anther .TTcstedl. the creature is .nf new rdxv In f ,tt T7r Af1inp Ponds for propasatlns Issches arti- -' Whit's t2iat 1 In years theater) Htrkl ' ficlilly have ten cstit" I noiss? 1: 2zw Jerc jy, Island, past on Lon ti: V,Testern Ccr have not Bt. and r:?ir Louis, bat i? tor 4 tuulnc3. s 'r.if .lick successful, pre proved Ei? IstlittLc'.x ctilD c: r cf kaowledaa a' tie tar. owen, tia O25 o these preserves, x.' : t utay raliea ir.? . it's zzt: jc:",! i;d. from 2ew Xork dir. coverl&T ffte ' r ! ' ' t. neres. is at r resent- eintloyc J tar rj '2 ' J j. & JLtL wf. supplies of leeches mostly fronv- Sweden, Russia, Poland, and Hungary. - ; - - ; newly-hatche- w, - 1 ? - Fol-lot- has-bee- n f s ;...-'.,.- dels-caea- - -- ,vo : 1 i . -- 1 " i : 1 llastr ' , f " " t-.- a r; . cf tl3 er.e'!'3 . . . . 4. , t . -: i-- t" lf - t" 9 s : . - |