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Show - jj ": - -- ; 2, FlibllC--- " -- - " ,, . r 1 V ): , ' , HE attitude of public libraries toward fiction T THE PROVO HERALD ' ; , r1""" ' ;"' By H. H. BOND, Cambridge, Mass. , ' ''.) ' ' - . ' - - How Attitude; X TowarB Fiction May be Fixed - : JLlbrarV - , . ' " "r " V , ;- It ' c - "must be deter- - mined by the purpose for which they have been established and in the char tera under whose authority they act, and in the of their trustees, is public education. The t published reports cnaner oi a typical aiassacnuseiia iinrary gives as the purpose of itg incorporation,, "the diffusion of knowledge and promotion of intellectual improvement." Trustees uniformly base appeals for public support upon the educational value of their . libraries. nd The of thermair projmoiionjQf education was pperfnosHn-theTmwho inaugurated the movement for the of public establishment general libraries, in Massachusetts, and formed the basis of his appeal for state In encouragement board of education to. this question. He showed that there" were only fifteen Kurt r i - w- - 'f j ;f v.i -- ; , i' . f , J ? 5 educational value, lie deprecated the evils of excessive novel reading, and insisted upon school libraries which should "cultivate the germs of intelligence, benevoleneejihd - Through; his; influence" the general court passed a eeriefLof statutes which culminated In tie act of 1851, granting to every city and town of -- the commonwealth authority o establish "and maintain a public library in the interest of public education. What the Mate understands by public education appears in the pre ambles and statutes of Massachusetts relating thereto. The first such stat- ute, May, 4642eelared educationnf :chil- rJbeho6f tlrea iB to selectmen the of every any commonwealth, singulai town snail see that children are taught perfectly to read the ' English tf -- .'.''. tongue." " Before 1780 the vTews"6f llassachusetts had so expanded that the following article waa inserted w the state constftetion: edge, as well as virtue, diffused generally among the body of the people, being necessary for the preservation of their rights and liberties, . . . it shall be the duty of legislatures and magistrates in all future periods of this commonwealth to cherish the. interests ofjiterature-an- d Hthe sciences, to encoiaragematjranJpublic institutions- for the promo- Hon of agriculture, arts, sciences, trades, manufactures and a natural history of thecountry; to countenance and inculcate the principles of humanity and general benevolence," charity," industry and frugality; Tionesty and punctuality sincerity; good humor, and all social affections, and generous sentiments among the people." So long, therefore, as this conception of the scope of public education prevails, and so long as the promo-r tion of euch education: is recognized aa their legitimate purpose, the : ideal attitude of pur public libraries toward all fiction which tends to accomplish this great friendliness and welcome. design must be one . - " 1 ; .:- - "V y- t ft 'J A S i:;.''-'xf- '.' mv - w ':vc--::,,.- '' r ... ' The people who are ticking against tqq- -' nopoliea are mostly those who think they are not in them. Nearly everybody except the tramp, probably 80 per cent of the entire population, men, women and children, are to some, degree, directly or indirectly, """t - AU People . 7 Are ; Interested In Trusts 7--y- . ' - 7 3y LB. WELLS. CUsM.or. N.J. interested in big business, corporations or trusts. 'r"rT ' Anyone having aa much as a single dollar deposited in open acconntjin a national bank is indirectly interested in. the success, etabilit; and.profits orbigMsiness of some-. v kincfl" ' ' y' :7t7 Bankers cannot afford to pay rent and salaries 4n& accept and enter our deposits on their and our books, safeguard and be responsible for our money, honor and keep account of the checks we draw, unless they lend out, for. profit, the money we deposit to --- people doing big business. ' The banlmujrtjdsojb of corporations and trusts. In the case of savings banks and Bafe deposit companies, where a Bmall interest is allowed depositors," the necessity .of these mstituUoM Joaning out onr.mQne or investing the surplus is "still ''4 7"' J77 '':?l7 V . greater v So that we are more or less interested and investors in big busi- ..... . - A-- f ness, corporations or trusts, directly orlndirectlypto the amount of our ...... savings and deposits, be it more or less. If our savings are small we are interested in big hnsiness indirectly , v ,( r.'--through the banks where we deposit. If we are of large means we buy the stocks and bonds, of the big cor' porations ontrightr So that we are all in the same boat and there is no : ' : v : ', question of morals involved. If re kick and hammer big business we are kicking and hammering -- ' " ourselves. , Friends With Various: Animals believe that many of our household animals can understand our conrerrsation, and comprehend much of the daily talk between men. I have a friend in the country 1 who is a great hunter of foxes and rabbits, and when I Visited him some time ago I n. - found him in the act of cleaning Tus hunt-'inggu- Kfi'''"-'- ' ; . ; , 'ZlZljy''-- . , believovthaf.Ye-nnderwtiniate-ihe-intelligeoc- " fr ri 11 ' ' "iC1. " , ;' ;v;-"- ; .' ' ' i - f iSfe ' A i " n V ,4 - -- si Life-Savin- "grlfl rrf i pr"""""""-""""- Jr -- ' jf ' - v -- life-save- rs life-save- y service. ' Nor Is it merely that such a plan of retirement and pensions will do Justice to the surf men who. It Is claimed, run greater risks andl.enduremore. hardships for the wages paid them than, do the mea..in any' other branch of the government service. Quite aside from this 'is the influence that will be exerted upon prospective -- recruits . for "the service. .Indeed, tht officials of the . Service assert that with a"', satisfactory retirement and pension plan in operation a superior class of men will be attracted to this vocation where so moch must needs, depend upon : v 7 Life-Savin- ' g . ' Ihe lndlviduaLAnd. - few of our readers know that the United States g Service Is the largest as well as the most efficient in the world. Like the firemen In our cities, they are on duty all the time and they: risk. their, lives every time they go to a wreck. But, for that, matetr, If the surfmen did tsTt- - "i-,- v fM ' .... -- ...... --rr- J0W .aj . - - ' ,.-- ' v; j.., . . : y About this time Mr, Newell was elected to congress and on the first resolution day of the first session of the thirtieth congress- - oh Jan- ; uary 3, 1848, to be exact he Introduced in the national legislature, the measure which laid the .foundation of our Service., ' . Tb7 national government now maintains up-- cumstances recourse Is had to the wreck gun and beach apparatus with ta carrying on rescue work through the Instrumentality of the breeches buoy or the life car. .First of all a Bhot with a line attached, is fired across the stranded vessel by means of 'a. powerful little no more than discharge the duties of their "night mortar or cannon, which will hurl a beaches they patrol" on the lonely ward of three hundred stations dls- line over a wreck 400 yards distant, even in the would have to their credit more hazardous and l trlbuted on Ue coasts' of the Atlantic, the teeth of a gale. "W llnevjn more arduous work than almost any, other class the Gulf of Mexico and the. Great Lakes. their possession the crew of a shipwrecked craft 1, In the community. , 4 can quickly haul out a larger line and Anally a X tach of tbesestatlont lstbaned by a crew of The scope of the relief work of the American 7 from six to eight surfmen hardy and ' fearless three-inchawser. - Attached to the,hawBer Is a fellows who are' splendid specimens of physical board which bears in English on one side and in Service, is. expanding .all. the' while. rendered aid During the past year the manhood and who are skilled in handling boats In ' French on the other Instructions jis to how to in the case of nearly 1.600 wrecks and thanks make the hawser fast to a mast or angry seas and in manipulating the various me- place chanlcal annllances which Uncle Sam- nrovides largely to the aid of these brave and experienced inai can oe iouna. out of this large number men only seventy-fou- r as aids to the brawn and the quick wits of our When the shipwrecked mariners signal that or cneat-- . nave obeyed instructions as to lastening the v coast patrolmen-ithe dangerous proved to be a total loss. Measured in dollars tuy and cents, the service rendered , by these fear ing the deep of Us prey. For devotion to a duty v- - hawser the oh shore haul, the hawser less , men was even greater. In the wrecks, of. that necessitates eternal vigilance and the most "'' taut and perhaps elevate the shore end by means the past year there was : Involved property.:: Inof receive the mod- fatiguing service the tripod in order, to lift It well clear of the est wage of $60 per month, Moreover! theyTre-cluding vessels and cargoes, to the total value water," after which there Is sent off to the ship 7 of $11,880,000 the surprising celve that pay for anly nine months a year.; the , a breeches buoy, suspended from a traveler block, - ; crews being laid off during June, July and . or a life car proportion of JIO.057.000 was Saved.x',Xh!s In Itdepending Ifrom, rings running on " self makes the two million dollars a year which the nawser. -- Only one person at a time can be gust, at which season severe storms jandlwrecks are almost unknown. '" Should a be in- - : landed by the breeches buoy, but from four In 1t Uncle Sam spends on his Service , seem. like a pretty good investment and that ta Jured during his summer be not only people can be carried ashore at each, trip of the cannot get without taking Into consideration the lives Imlife car.Whlchever be the vehicle emDloved th service but he cannot e. under existing conditions draw, any pension or periled on the shipwrecked vessels. There were trips continue until all the imperiled persons are 6,661 persons, on board' the craft that met retirement pay. no matter how many j years he 'safely ashore, after which an Ingenious mechan- has faithfully Served the nation.'' leal device known as the hawser cutter Js drawn 77. year and the total loss of life, which , was would bav been many times that 0 The vast majority of rescues effected , by the wron- along jcableway-an- d number but for the succor afforded by Uncle crewsare. atthe 'terminus of the hawser anfrw Sam's heroes of the beachea maUcaily cuts the rope, allowing the "r lifeboats or surfboatsT These. stahch crafty whtch," to haul it aBhore and thus preserve intact a vat- Former Governor William A. Newell, of Keww as liow manufactured, are almost unallocable,- are the ideal vehicles for taking considerable numJersey Is generally recognized as the founder of part of their apparatus. InitiaService and he took the the bers of. persons from imperiled vessels hr a limAmbitlou8Inventorsare':consSntiy devising ; tive as the result of a marine disaster which he ited space of time.. ltJthe patrolman,- - who In his 1 new forms o aparatus for the use of the Upited to 1839 summer of witness during the happened vigils on the beach discovers a vessel ashore and .States Ufesaving crewa - Indeed,- - these s when the Australian' bark "Count Ferasto" hastens to the 6tation tor assistance. are so numerous that the federal rnnm: on Long Beach, New Jersey. The thlr-:- : : reports mai me use oi a oai is has felt obliged a board of experts pracucapie teen members of the crew, "all "of - whom were ed the large Ureboat Is launched from its ways"-- " whose special duty it is to test noveltleB and who in' the station and proceeds to the. wreck by wba drowned, might readily have been saved had hold- such trials several times a year. However there been at hand apparatus such as now con- " ter, or the lighter eurfboat is hauled overland to root many of the new ideas that are' advanced stitutes the regulation, equipment of the .United a .polnt opposite the wreck and launched as prove practicable, for the exacting condltibns of crews. v...-States cumstances may difcute. .Formerly .all of these ; the rough and ready service Involved and the' The need' thus pointed out made so forceful sn boats were propelled by oars and many 'of them above mentioned clagaes ot apparatus continue to impression upon the Blind" of, Mr. Newell that he but there have yet are, latterly the standbys 'on watch' "our, Ilfeavers place- -'' soon after, entered upon experiments with bows big motor lifeboats., which are a vast improve-;'- ' the greatest dependence.' However, there - has and arrows, rockets and a shortened blunderbuss ment in every way over their ApwdMessCTa-Jatterly.tas a means of throwing lines to ships, stranded in Ofttlmes a ship meets dlBastef'Tn SoT dangerous. ing and tt ere is now In use a form, of beach liht-- "' positions Inaccessible by email boats. Eventually ,uuu i uo bui.u a U15u ecu ruuaing mai u bo powenui as an Ulumlnnnt that It enahlpQ m his experiments culminated In oomplete success , n t. .... J ii.i. Is manifestly hopeless to attempt to reach the Im it cstA tlii fan. m by the ifte.of a mortar or carronadew5th ball and such cir periled traft with." a small boat Under tnas nine hundred feet---- ? V Life-Savin- l(ne. - . , . Life-Savin- g. storm-swept- " -- y snub-nose- d life-savin- g Pa-clfl- c, 'X -- h'K v h Life-Savi-ng life-save- rs tie-be- st - : life-save- rs life-save- Mdot-thls..amou- nt -- Au-r- . . Life-Savin- g life-sav- er "lay-ofT- back-lntaih- . st 7 fifty-five- llfe-savin- g accomptlshe4-y-meansof"Vr"arrrv- y wrs : n? life-save- r. wram"golng foihoot .;rrJt$0 iBob here. The dog is getting too old and . By n. J. RILL " Btifl for..hunjing?j The dog until then had been lying on the floor, seemingly unconcerned, but hardly had his master announced that he wa3 about to shoot Bob when the.aniraal jumped uf, whining and ' ' ;!. crawling behind the skirts of the hunter's wife. The woman had all she could do to comfort the badly, frightened .. ryyv animal. - I of animals and the " :; '"';-allectionJ:;.:-;. value of their ','7 If you make friends of dogs or cats or birdSj they are "always your friends, they, study and know you better than you know them.... . ... You need never regret or ."be disappointed in having bestowed your ; ' ' lirv.lniv-- s on these friendi ". xpplied," .t ' p: said to him, "Are you getting ready to' go hunting?" - HE proposition which "will be urged upon congress at-ItI iJV present session to provide for th reUrement and pensioning- of employes of the UnitService Is died States to one of attention public recting the bravest and most conscientious corps' of men in the world. The plan to pension the members of out oast patrol who vhave been disabled In the performance of their duties or who have, grown" gray in rendering such humanitarian service to their fellow-me- n has been agi tated for Some years past. Congress at its last session was on the point of . passing the necessary law thus to give recognition to the and it is believed that these faithful servants of the people will not have to wait much longer now to be accorded their rights for, t it Jtnown. the only seek such relief from the conditions of physical disability and old age as Is freely accorded men in pur military and naval 4 , I Makiiifi 7 - - - Llfe-Sftvln- g . - Inven-tlon- was-wrecke- d .life-savin- g eun-i.-rae- - . . life-savi- " " J- . " - -- A : r. ,. ... ,; ' |
