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Show .... The Herald-Republic- Receives the an Balfour Makes Reply ONLY STRIKERS Blames Col. Churchill PROSECUTED IN Utters Sharp Retorts MINE WARFARE SS ':y : ; v i . . .. . V , BRITISH! i ) v f n - Fifty Big Warships, Followed by Armed Trawler Fleet. Numerous Submarines and1 Two Zeppelins Sighted Off; Holland, Moving Westward j j -- , ; r. ' ' Declares Interest of Public Order Requires This Situation j , V' ' ' . V""'" J ANOTHER DRIVE AT VERDUN Capture French Positions Over Front of Nearly Four Miles Miles in Depth, but Lose Foothold Gained Tuesday in Corbcatix Wood and Two RIZA OCCUPY RUSSIANS. i - pVrry .; III . , H, -- Wiii III j r - .! I.OItll C - , .. . In - ; .. ' , T - i v ; J l. that mendation the Recom- federal side of coal mininjr with a view to tovard preventing waste and putting the industry on a basis giv- step as Likely to Arouse Public Misgiving. ing maximum safety and maximum steady employment is made in the report of President Wilson's special Colorado coal strike commission. The rejHrt was pent to Contrress by the President today for its information. Seth Low of New York. Charles Mills of Philadelphia and Catriek Oilday of Clearfield, Pa., composed the commission. The commission say the fact that all of 400 Indictments returned In Colorado in connection with the strike troubles were against strikers has left a "festerlnK sore" on public opinion. "J'ome of the citizens of Colorado," ore There J !nrh l.omton, trawler Dutch 'A the report comments, "belleve that ins Wednesday. lalrueeM of n hlnhly many i which was searched by one oi inei many illegal acts were committed on atmaiiiibfrr a n rharurd polittrat rvvult of i ol. U Inatoa ! warships," the correspondent adds,! ieneer the part of the operators and the Jus( lttirlilllM nnt rrninif!flinl of the tice which finds all the Indictments 4- dure i "reports that many in tite honr of common on one side does not seem to them 'Ioriln. had a peculiar appearance. -- I ( olourt f hurhlll evenhanded. Asraln It Is believed by Those carrying several fennels had to rrturii t iHlttlrf ! prcpnrlnc the tnei- 4 r ! a sternniost funnel painted yellow he lion ou nunf some even the operators that among 4 nllrmirit m ntrrtinu f m rlf-a- i4 potatrtl comnullrr of liberal who 4 In many of these cases the state has not sufficient evidence to convict. I while the other funnels were gTay." j e iKsrtri to him thnt he xiiftht to iaillnmrn rmnr Into the tary Men Pufferlnn; Injustice. 1 forurn. I olonrl t hurrlilll m.td he "In such h.nt cases, and your commiseolleTlMK jcrieljr sion believes It that there are such, the to kl dit H. A iuriie. men affected are Orman LONDON. March of nt loat suffering from great ttfty In that they are either conInjustice follout-.- l in Jails, unable to fret bond, or by a lar-- c hvc w arhi-- . 8. March Bitterness fined on bond they are refused emif cut f LONDON, .l nnul traulrr i of A. .1. Ltalfour, ployment In Colorado thti rrj-!.on account of the tno lii Zrpplins antl irimTu-- attrr-no'.- n fir."t loril f tht? atlmlralt)-- in the Indictments against theni and are prevns !nis:iitrl Mnlny vented from leaving Colorado or the n house of co. unions tolay. to of the court by their bondsJurisdiction in t!i North tra oft' Ti r'!u.Uin on toti .J(f!'pr t'liurrhill'! attark the men. to !. a'.onlinc north Ho! hit "As lonar as thi condition of affairs ;ol:nlni.tratlon, which the first whih lrrl iahl trawler a statn of was unfortunate both in form exists the industrial health of ColoXf report will be weakened by this festering haarrif! nt am Vt:uii!on say?! a::I .ul)tann' and likely to arouse mi rado sore. It Is not the business of your An; ten, rorrp'Pr.ilcnt. Hiving an.o!. tlie ie''lf. KutiT to welsh tlie rljrhts and While ueprecatiriK the controversy, commission Th tl "t v an prH" Un uitwarl. wrontra of the case, but we would fall "I Mr. tteclaretl: l:.lfou;absolutely that Mont'.t alI Th ivirt of toour duty If we did not call att'oloarl Churv-hiil'charges," ilny - fivr L'irr of r this feature of the situation rr;ort.ir.Il t n threw the blame on Colonel tention day emphasize the importance to the Yn ii'l'n Churrhltl for rleoletins tlte ranks of and tin'istiowri nati. nality of providing: a prompt remedy. ykllJed ""hiw rlntitn by allowtnu them state Kven In the Interest of the public oraf nil t Ciairchill the army during join this situation should be quickly of t:nt.ir .1 y ntt-- f. T!i' M k.i tenure of office, thus Mnderlntr the der, . ended." r.l t.v (rm.-nri n a 'ilfhtiibltntr piann which, however, the rt.l t?. Mlnlnic Conditions Indorsed. nhn-.tfi trad" Bovcmrnent haJ nuceHevI In keeping in rxitrnte w If it h A needs. abreast general Indorsement was J?lven to to r..u.i! t ifrHjtvt. t.s at tn command of thU wanes, living conditions '"If fle the and educaare rtrt s,ilrnarinr hrnt tiiln moment arc nft suf- tional advantages In the Colorado field. country y ln:-"So far as these mlnlrnr conditions recently ficient to secure safety, then In the r;...ri, f,- ?,.i.v whole history of ;ret Krltaln they fare concerned." the report says, "they never have been. wasi one of tlie iart are In many respects as nearly Ideal n x sliots uttered by Mr. Ha If our. as it Is possible to make them, but the f hood IM' r. iu rii.iof Iiv.tstht;'. It Colonel Churchill retorted with a coal Is belnK mined under the competitur-.1 t, t.r it r tK.il fimtr, i!!aC'r' brief ipeech. repeating his doubts tive system In Colorado tinder condimrvth. tt the execution of the battleship tions which can make coal mining: abut Iirrroaiia onlini'e lrle. and destroyer proirrani anl assertlus profitable In the mines where the coal that evei now Mr. ltalfour had not can be placed on the market most Th Kroir.v t r? t i;rfT-.-nf.intry ha t sit en any .insurance on tMs point, lie- cheaply." "Out of the recent co3l strike In In t'rf-there was no reason to tupff ri IVihtf"OMf admitted e that t of Vffilun to It' the British margin of j Colorado," the report says, "two things invr t i but he have strikingly omerRed the peculiar strength was not rtirricient, should - T.I- i to t' be power granted by the state to Its inth sreatest efforts m s!inf .f if.- '.: thoucht n r f nt t b mon the ulld mart. hlshest commission and the Colorado at to dustrial t.tt! possible toiiki firt";' rv iU- tit tvi. :;th. ?'e.-n r Fuel &e Iron company's plnn, put Into tr?:; rniiriu ion nt'il October 1, last, for tthcr members protested against operation about St'iritt :rtHITy n!-i Wr- - such a contest In the house of comof t5.- front reKUlatinjc by contract the relations beth rftir... mons, and James M. IIokk. radical, tween the corporations and Its emA of tin" Iriv for Kast i;dinburK. criticised Colonel ployees." The plan referred to is one proposed of VrrJuti H .is'rtr! by Churchill for starting a controversy urlhwtto lurp th which could not be easily stopped. ;Trr,ai iWlin by John IX Rockefeller. Jr., after his Ir-ri- ' h iottf!! ovr a front of nearA number of other departments of visit to the mines last fall, which recan t Tirinnlly two mi! ognizes the trade union rlht to ly four mitadmiralty activity such as requisitiont?!t"ni to arttir Hiiil The report says that the comin merchant shipping, arming of mering and air defense, were anI Zll nfr.n. Th vilLiX pany Is operating: the plan with entire nffiT chantmen, f to dismission, but the committee Rood faith, but the real test of It will anI !: It.. the h h t f i:t"i ant "iirniri woJi- - fell f the house eventually approved a not come until January, I S 8. when a vote for jr.rt.oiO men for the navy new contract Is to be drawn. Into llw I auA of tf. tJrman. Th Krcnrh Uil not pive up t and several "token" appropriations for 'o Discrimination Exercised. wlth-.-iiwhich had been utron: rn:?txnci navy expenditures, ioltlnf "All operators," the report conintroduced In this manner In order to tinues, the anl ufftrcl hfvy as::alti e. rsi. "maintain that they are ema void 'civlnst total amounts. 2.t J'ontlnu'il on ploying union and nonunion tnen without discrimination on account of the strike. Itroadly speaking, your committee says this statement Is correct, though there are doubtles some Individuals who are not employed because, as Individuals for one reason or another they are not wanted or else that they are updesirable In that they cannot he depended upon for continuous service. "The Colorado Fuel & Iron company. In the Fremont county field, has taken . . 'K v tr r. a . . r. crrnllnl that ......h It lli .hnll nun be bygones' and that It jrviia will emplov strikers who are under Indictment. rather Judging them by their purpose than their past; and we believe It solution and would be a very I'A!S. Tex., .March S. ArcrcIitcl hut unconfirmed reports received have a tendency tohappy much accomplish that two Americans for peace and harmony if all of the tmlav ly I Sen- - ahri'I (iavira nt Juarez statwould take the same posii.ametl FranUin and Wri rht uitp killeil Monday by Villa bandit.- at Colonia operators tion." 1'ai'heeo. bet v.ern (.'a.i-- (irarvdes Dnl .Ianot. Chihuahua. Discrimination against strikers in contained not!;inc as to Th advi.-ethe northern field, comprising ISoulder ti e f.ite of the wife and small on of Villa and his forces today reached the and Weld counties, according to the elsecommission. Is greater than Mr. Wright, who were reported vvltij ranch" of Pabonas Land & Cattle comt ne at Cofonla lah . pany at Noxale?, Chihuahua,r ten miles where." miles the border and forty-fouMembers of the commission In pretl.ira declared tho men. ,.iid 'to"a s bes below east of her. according to a telepram senting the report tendered their resMor:;:on ranchers r sid!r west Orau-K'fAmerican foreman of the ignations, saying that "the creation by warnlori he had went by thewhich was received here late the state of an effective Industrial ranch and residents nt to all American of, w he first commission amply equipped by law to today. Chihuahua, i.rthwst The telecra nt f rom the ranch man-atr- deal with all phases of the problem to that lf,rned of Villa mvem-'ntstated that Villa appeared in per- maes it evidently unnecessary that a e'"ttor son at the ranh, but did not Indicate presidential commission shall remain In betns-C'oiumuus, N. f.. March S. Francisco the number of his followers. 4- -- ' - ll. rl-rlnj- -- -- -4- nc-- rnrr lt, crav-pnintr- sul-rnari- n". , -- Col.-Wi- ibni. .l - -- -- - rorr"'nh r- - X -- -! 1 I t. iy - c - ;- - - rrrt tit' It ! n b-- al-rf.i.- M-'i- - - l- -- 1 PC - 1 r-'- fi d - r f to-rrrsi- n - cr-granl- ze. rn-tll-- ub-Jeet- yr" ed I t?-- . 1 t Ik TWO MORMON RANCHERS ARE KILLED IN MEXICO Villa Bandits Raid Colonia Pacheco; Outlaw Chief Near Border EI. 1 . - s s tn . -- ii--- " Salt Lake Herald. Vol. 173. No. 35. Judge Gary Is Named Action Follows Strike TT9 SYNTHETIC PRODUCTION WASHINGTON. March -- after 8. IS The FAVORED BY BOARD Both White House ano! Resolution Adopted Looking to Creation of Commission to Provide for the Manufacture of "Nitrogen n er " 1 1 IP &.!OJreV four weeks of debate passed the Shields bill to provide for development of water power in naviirable waters by The vote was private capital. ft From Department Denials Administration Issue Rumor Intends to Warn Americans to Keep Off Armed Ships of ..0.t"JVVJs'' Air berlain, Chilton, Cummins, Gronna, IIol-liHustlng, James, Kenyon. l,a I.ane, Lea. Lee, Lewis, Martlne, NEW YORK, March 8. The naval board of the United Newlands. Xorris, Polndexter, Reed a here today at States meeting Sheppard and Works. A final effort to prevent a vote on ; adopted a resolution requesting: Secre- -' the measure and return It to the conv tarv of the Xavv Daniels to ure:e mlttee was made by Senator Hustlng, iipon President Wilson the creation of whose motion to recommit It was beat- a commission to make effective the en 49 to 19. synthetic production of nitrogen in An amendment by Senator Chilton tliis country. Such production Avas vital to requiring the secretary of war to de- declared to be immediately of interests and military cide contests for permits to build dams agricultural In favor of the applicant offering the the country. The board discussed the question of lowest priced service to the public was manufacturing nitrogen from air for defeated ZQ to 21. American powder plants, emphasis beSenator Iteed attacked the provision ing laid upon the fact that the United of the bill which provides that contests States is now dependent upon Chile be decided in favor of the applicant for the product and that war conditions able to guarantee the best construction, made its price prohibitive. The commission mentioned in the declaring that this would result in the best sites going to. tlie Interests now resolution to Secretary Daniels should power plants. He declared include, it was suggested, representaoperating the measure would grant corporations tives of the departments of agriculture, absolute control of the country's water interior, war and navy, and should submit a report "at the earliest mopower for a long time. Senator Walsh made a hard but los- ment." DImcumm Varlou Plans. ing fight to obtain for the federal government compensation for public land Discussion of the situation included withdrawn for use In dam construc- propositions to have a government-buil- t tion on the basis of power created. Ills plant, to make water power now amendment was opposed by Senator controlled by the government available Shafroth and other senators of the pub- to manufacturing groups which may lic land states, who contended that the desire to manufacture nitrogen from government had no control over water- air and to allow such groups access to ways except insofar as concerned their coal mines in government lands so that fuel would be accessible. navigability. Senator Hustlng and other conservation champions sought cheap Statements were made that capital, vainly to substitute a measure based without a government .subsidy, would on the Wisconsin water power law, hesitate to undertake the manufacture and retaining with Congress control of of synthetic nitrogen in view of a power sites. Senator Newlands tried probability that after the war the without success to attach to the bill would not bring a profit. his measure providing a waterways product Extensive saltpeter or potassium-nitrat- e commission and appropriating $60,000,-00- 0 fields are believed to have been annually for ten years for flood found in a section of about 100 square control, waterway Improvement and miles In northeastern California, southsoil protection. and eastern southwestern As adopted, the bill permits the con- Idaho, theOregon was told today by H. board struction of dams in navigable waters N. Lawrie, chairman of the Oregon under licenses issued by the secretary bureau of mines. , of war and gives grantees the right to ."I visited the section early in Sepoperate power plants for fifty years, tember," he said, "and found a more after which time the federal governexposure of the mineral than ment may take over the plant after general I had been led to suspect existed there. giving two years' notice and paying a I understand steps had been taken to fair value, to be determined by the organize for the purpose of exploiting secretary of war and the owner, or by this supposed field. A preliminary proceedings In the United States courts. reconnaissance has recently been made Regulation of rates and services is of this area by the United States geoplaced with the states in which the logical survey." plants are located or, if interstate Tl Inks Deposits Too Small. commerce Is Involved, with the InterL. II. Baekeland, a member of the Dr. state commerce commission on appeals who inaugurated the movement board, tlie states Involved are unable to when have nitrogen manufactured from agree on reasonable rates and adequate to the air, said after, the meeting that service. A parliamentary struggle followed there are small saltpeter fields in Arizona, Nevada and the passare of the measure between various parts of none but of them rich Senator Tillman, whose motion that his California, pay to work. It would be bill for the government ownership of enough to armor plants be made the unfinished cheaper to make nitrogen from the air than to bother wth these deposits, he business of the Senate was not acted declared. on, and Senator Myers of Montana, "If war should start tomorrow," Dr. who moved that the Ferris bill passed Baekeland asserted, "we have enough House to the water by relating power on public lands be made the Chilean saltpetecto last us for a long plants use up that unfinished business. Senator Myers while. Before we could a chance to eswithdrew his motion,' but gave notice supply we would have factories to make nitrogen that he would reintroduce It when the tablish from the air and we should be able to Senate met at noon tomorrow. turn out more saltpeter than Germany The Shields bill will have little ef- has ever done. But we want nitrogen fect In Utah. according to A .R. permanently cheap for both the munitions manufacturer and the farmer, it Rarnes, attorney general, since only Is ail a question of cheap water power." the Colorado and part of the Green In rivers might any way be classed as navigable. State NO MEANS PROVIDED Fol-lett- e. trade commission study tlie economic IIAI.FOt It. Attack on Naval Administration London. March 0. .1.59 a. . nr.-?. i I The German fleet reiurceu to us base this raoniing, say3 Renter's iYmnidsn corrcsDondent. telegraph-- 1 ON ASHINTJTON. March 8 IllHig By Members m IX Indicted s. Is Protested i i SYSTEM 1NEW j? ' jj -- Those who voted against the bill TRIAL were Senators Ashurst, Borah. Cham- CHEAP POWER IS REQUIRED 4. Controversy Held ves-Jse- ls It's on Page IN NORTHWEST without, avail. "J".' ' t ' Premium Coupon . FIELDS FOUND Should Be Quickly Ended"; 4(5 to 22. Conservation foujrht Mining Conditions Improved hard to amend champions the measure, but j - Steel Firms LARGE NITRATE Bill Passed By Senators SOME OF INDICTED MEN SUFFERING INJUSTICE TEUTONS SCORE GAINS IN; I Naval Consulting Board Told President Wilson's Commission Reports Colorado Authorities' Gives Grantees of Licenses Mineral Exists in Section of Course Has Left 'Festering Right to Operate Power About 100 Square Miles in Sore' on Public Opinion Plants 50 Years, After Which Idaho, California and Oregon Government May Take Them ! :,.'. . Shields Dam Jr" W t; DEFYING "D PRICE FIVE CENTS SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH, THUSDAY, MARCH 9, 1916 FLEET 1 Q I GERMAN T day. Republican. n CT and Friday WKAlllKll. Thursday Fair; Warmer ZVorth Portion Thurs- js). Vol. 11. No. 35. Only Reliable Hews Service wSKSlP JLlFZTB, IFJHLJB, Salt Lake Smelter Settlements Xlil Silver, 56J4c oz. Copper (Cath.) $26,425. MFTATI iz.nc $18.50. (St Tnter-Mountal- lour Report of the Associated Press, the Twenty-Fou- r 1 IIRAXIJEIS IIKARIVGS CLOSni). "Washington. March 8. Public hearings on the nomination of Louis D. Brandeis of Boston to be associate Justice of the supreme court were terminated today by the Senate Judiciary committee. The Inquiry has been in progress for a month. The subcommittee gave no Indication as to when It would report to the Judiciary commit- ! Washington, March S. When the J Senate adjourned tonight there was J some talk of the McCumber resolu- tion to warn Americans off armed I ships being brought before the Sen-- J ate tomorrow. J 1'assage of the Shields waterI power bill, which had been the unfinished business of the Senate for several weeks, left the way open for Senator McCumber to call up his resolution if he desired to do so. Administration senators consij dered the prospect and agreed if any nttemptonwere made to bring about vote the resolution, they would forestall it by moving to lay it on I the table. The McCumber resolution is IdeI ntical with the one which he offered an amendment to the Gore resolution and which was Jabled with j the Gore resolution lasT week, t t LLUKKT II. GAKV Accused of Conspiring to Fix Wage Ohio Grand Jury Holds Gary Is Dictator of Steel Industry in United States. O., March 8. Officials at Washington Confident Germans Will Not Commit Acts That Would Endanger Lives of Americans if They Can Be Avoided NEGOTIATIONS ARE HALTED 8. Today WASHINGTON, March a further ex- planation to tlie United States of the position it, has taken in regard 'to The armed merchant vessels of the entente YOUNGSTOWN, grand jury today ended its Investigation of the recent strike riots in East Youngstown by returning indictments against Elbert H. Gary, chairman of the United States Steel Corporation' and six big steel companies.- The indictments chargs Mr, Gary, the corporation of which he is the head, one of Its subsidiaries, and four inde. pendent steer concerns with conspiring to fix the wages of labor and to fix the price of iron and steel products in Mahoning' county in violation of the Valentine antitrust law. "Judge Gary has been indicted individually," said County Prosecutor A. M. Henderson, "because the evidence laid before the grand jury tends to show that he is the dictator of the iron and steel Industry in the United States." "Combining in an unlawful trust," is the condensed charge in the indictment which names the Youngstown Sheet & Tube company, the Republic Iron & Steel company, the United States Stesl comcorporation the Brier Hill Steel pany, the Youngstown Iron & Steel company, the Carnegie Steel company and Elbert II. Gary. "They were witnesses, in the grand "and jury's inquiry," Hendersonto said, tell their be will compelled they share and that of Gary and the corporations involved in the conspiracy the indictment charges existed." The grand jury, in its report to the court, declared that it was unable to fix any particular cause for the reign of anarchy in East Youngstown on people were January 7, when several and killed and many injured $1,500,000 worth of property was destroyed. Prosecutor Henderson tonight declared the trial of Gary and the six indicted corporations would be held within a month. He said an effort would be made then to prove that the alleged combination to fix the price of labor brought about the unrest among which resulted in the East Youngstown riots. not- come to "If Judge Gary does '' we for trial Youngstown voluntarily will bring him here," the prosecutor . r3 - said. allies. Count von Bernstorff handed Secretary Lansing a memorandum indicating; a willingness to conduct undersea warfare in accordance with the law prevailing at the outbreak of the war providing Great Britain and her allies would regard the same laws, and expressing the hope that the people of the United States, remembering the long existing friendly relations between the two nations, would appreciate the German position. The memorandum was submitted to President Wilson shortly after its receipt. It will be considered, together with other documents from the German government, in determining what shall be the next step of the United States in- the submarine negotiations. Will Act With Deliberation. There was every indication that the administration would be in no hurry to announce a stand as to the new policy of the central European powers, or to pass finally upon German's latest proposal for a settlement of the Lusitania case. From both the. White House and the state department there came during tha day emphatic denials of a rumor that the administration itself Intended to warn American citizens off armed ships. At the state department, it was explained that it was for the citizens themselves, who took passage on armed ships not entering American waters, to determine whether they were boarding vessels armed defensively or offensively and the nature of the instructions under which ship captains .would act in the presence of a submarine. An offensively armed ship which enters American waters, it was said, would be regarded as a war vessel and would not be allowed to remain in more than twenty-- f our hours. In foreign waters, however,, it is no concern of this government how ships are armed. The new submarine campaign of the central powers now has been in operation eight days and up to tonight the state department had no reports of any (Continued on Paje 2.) - GERMANY WILL OBEY INTERNATIONAL LAW IF GREAT BRITAIN WILL DO SO Submits Memorandum to U. S. Outlining Her Position on Armed Ships. tee. Warning Resolution j May Come Up Again in Senate Today TO DETERMINE RISK WASHINGTON, March 8. in plain the U boat question once more to the American government. "At the outbreak of the war the German government, acting upon the suggestion of the United States, immedireadiness to ratify ately expressed its the declaration of London. At that time a German prize code had already a memorandum handed today by Count "The imperial German government, account of the friendly relations which have always existed between the two great nations and earnestly desiring to continue them, wishes to ex on Is Justified in View of Ene- my's Stringent Measures. been issued which The von Bernstorff to Secretary Lansing outlines in detail its posion in regard to armed ships, reviews events leading up to its decision to torpedo without warning all armed merchantmen of its enemies, concedes that, international law, as at present constituted, makes no provision for the use of submarines and expresses a willingness to operate its submarines in accordance with international law prevailing prior to the war on the condition that Great Britain does not violate the same laws. The text of the memorandum reads as follows: ,v Holds Her Submarine Warfare Coast Defenses to Pieces I ! Petrograd, March 8. Activity of Russian torpedo boats in the Black sea again3t coast towns east of Trebizond is continuing with suc cess. According to recent dispatches from Sebastopol, the Turkish coast defenses are crumbling before the intensity of the Russian bombardment. There apparently is a growing disposition on tne part of the Turks ! along the Anatolian shore to surrender without fighting. In many to reports received ! cases, according here, the Turkish population have sent out emissaries in boats to the (Russian fleet' offering submission to Russia. Russian cruisers continue to bombard Trebizond. was entirely, and without modification, based upon the rules of the declaration of London. Germany . thereby . proved her willingness to recognize fully the existing rules of international law, which insure the freedom of the seas for the legitimate trade of neutral nations, not only among themselves, but also with belligerent countries. Knglnud Rejects Declaration. "Great Britain, on the other hand, declined to ratify the declaration of London and, after the outbreak of the war, began to restrict the legitimate trade of the neutrals in order to hit Germany. On November 3, 1914. the order of the British admiralty followed declaring the whole North sea a war zone in which commercial shipping would be exposed to the most serious danger from mines and men of war. Protests from neutrals were of no avail and from that time on the freedom of neutral commerce with Germany was practically destroyed. Under these circumstances, Germany was compelled to resort, in February, 1915, to reprisals in order to fight her ou- (Continued on Page 2. |