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Show THE 5 SALT LAKE. CITY, UTAH, SUNDAY, DECEMBER 12, 1915 IIEKALD-REPUBLICA- N, s D ii en W DEADLY INVENTION DEVELOPED o SI L FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF LIFE ..... . IT , T.f... .,. ; vT-- , , ...I. 7- ' - . - -- - ,LL ow'Viv!" m j - j. '"W-wf-- W i. I u,i J I r Just as Quickly Discovering fte.v Ways and And Science Is Means to Offset the Destructive Engines of Their Enemies: For the Submarines, the fct and Sound Detector Are Used; For the foxious Gases. Special Hcfmets and Respirators - , .' v ... - V Are Devised. vTfT th l t' ? hf f frn-- a f:l tr p-ttir- h; J;jtf.! rn? ftp, sr oco.. tilt i rr a f I? A4 irf, n! t.- f(;. rTf? fii (Vji'i v will . wilT ' H'.inv rf if ;afrrtr'i?tgy hci ft! 1 !.! ha (If ! rs : tf ,K V v, fh- - ' r5-f 'fut;'?'? J- if'-- vfts-- i ' 'TX - .4 r t"' f'1?19 r'J!' . "fff 'US ,ri US. fin wf f"if - t aT ro ,i r. . ! :.-- ... ... .... uL wrrr ii iff; a f!i rr!n Ti-- '; rr.in "f f'jt p i tf? '' gt - V r. ! , t mrnir,' I ri ;mpi rioter tit ".': I'? rtfi.f !? I.. a i fr 'f ' m n T tie-r- 1 t- f t: r i f wVf th. of.!fry rrruf. t' Vfh N mI t r.i it-; r-- m-:tt- . (; - t.- .; : t rf t wo-i- ' vrr fho", vj- jrtr-'- cltl.-- t . rr: .:ftl f;t pi t; f i;t f '1 t rr . ;- -- 1 v 1 ?': f4l1 tt . v j ; 14-,.- !e Tt flr It t..r. it r 4 f ffti? ' t 54 ihmfii .f 'i t a I f:4 4tf J ( f fr: t" tf a -, l r ! n. f J at 1.- - f an t m 4 I ; Ei i h i? t?i twfi-- I f - a K,4f.'t ,4id n-ee- ar;ta tn . - t ! ,:--- 4 r f at: rfe f r .n r .i riae If f;' i e.f i a f o! fi-f- " tfi I? a rif i m i? f- - If d t'". in i, f ?! f a tt of 4 rn 4nd It t good put' on the Ork- - wnu Iikk fo te- - ra narrowrI th !ar.ih cnait that the t oat hara tiiiv hut n vfry ar1 to rover. how an ji(rplar. fn l ak.t a a Mn Mfo jmb r r tho Would strlK tt th Impfit forre tht anff irienl to mpt4 fore It. ever th furfa 'ihmarln, ferhar. thirty u h wilh 1 .i!m.irinf. rS 1 I""1! tf folT( fn-- fh, S of th" at rrli4r MUr-- a i.isln rnsnni Aln ho?!l auhntarinj. fter they ia a flrt of aneedy rjemrn r hal dfmol with t4.nch Ritn. hm e r 4 aiimarln ha a oAt-tnean of th- - "drtrrtor" lr a flotilla of Ihtf hoata fnt out to - tl lx-at.f- t, tiap;f aiSfn. ?' would j r th l ! 'I - r t t- r ea. nI Phet-tinlatter. now safely r m tx ? y 1 c -- f T fi I t f. ' (44 tfifT!4t th nr-.- rr r at' fa ?f'n a !' j ?: T'fi ? - . it tht f lb sr rf pr;',,l5l.. ohm h a I ! rt rffanf fln-HIr- s ll f ,;r rt r I led. r4 rl ne IIa4 4 likh have been referred to Th a Kuard'nsr tti rhann-- 1 nre ttadied to I 'o . whS h are more or lee t rrear of ..ijl.fna- hi - they do not rom-I'tet.l- y utatlopary. Ef r rtr., rlon t' rhanrel to suhmarine r aMR-wa- t ma v :at Ion, , th ojn.ns nr- - known only to In th r.i to r f t ft orf tbe admiralty oflirlal. and it la to navltrate tf ffy for a th- - aid of without -. tb afety rinJ.mt knows nho an admiralty t ; rv ffvlfc " f -- t:t tt(4. 4- - fat r !if wvfr1, f nor t fk.ii1 f f ! r t. jf f sr , a-r- . re r diaf f ?l"r-hattet- y. vr.! rFiif v . f ll -- If , n-'t- 4 f . r t.,"-- r.rm rtr rifvi I", ir a .' w?t.5 I' r t- " - I T' .t -f i- North orknf iroT'r'l f'om tt- - air I f t ! t traf-- t- rthrr - -- ( ! t; v n Jo the foulh Ilnsllsh of Ih U tn th nortn tlimueh the th marl-tir- o it come ip for trail th for It eoersy or tfc to ftt-..4t for air h or i driven Into on of " tn. ar a '!t hern atrunn ti. nt tvhich ! A a ft f at variola oointa. ",rhApr! (jiwit" irs t w e t t f i " r(il th Vht torase hattery a a ihrrarlne must the out. I therefore, !? a roac at fur. frrJ fl'r. beneath the motior.le remain either -t I. ih. th- - bat- ,r'tf WJItt; C(MTteflenlPh t' ? ry:",'j a fffhff hoU I mfy ,y9rfn.n of H Internal combua- t r 4f a in tn- - nri "rn. ine tior vncln- -. have r.ly to wait, and In boat rotrf ahort Ift. neroi 1 -event they ran make th-ltwo-Iwith thwork rf jmarlne r. ; ? r-- evai'y -- i l 1 1 ft t"'v r, m. 1 f. a4 facf f 0 v .o-- 5 by n y th t.' '.l I u'l tn lntalttl tn tunfi piip rtr-1- v fi4.j hif t p-J- r 4 ,f .'-- fri ae" 1 lf alrt a 41 t ! - I wr-i'- rp r, ll 1 ! .if:T4ifiP str.f I m.- v- x?- - r At-lntm-vrrt- I 44 t ('' pf!''l' of trr"'.'! n f? a wae r t 4 4it:i:n r-- . rn. ;v;r t r !r Uri.i:. r..U-f w . n 5 II r un a.wr,ty ? lulk of KntAfnl t ii tti,it rrlfii-- al- - f ln fn th afft if'At1 rn- b -- l by vrhlch wa iitrumi iu hi It ha i thl-''n- y f -- f ere- irrU r icair !J t n f f ifffit'1: 1 tt- i . t- t!:ii?mfit f of r Mn f4 pir j ir- - ! ; I 4 fri'av :'y f" ! r, -- -- tN t - t 1 r? j ?' trre rv " ! .. j i r - f is n ;.; !- c-- 4? " r. i r r - t- A . tf- stl if t t?, , T'1. sr. trt';-- :tl---n.r- t rnlr two Ar I.. nr. na north ft th Tfof coure, la most )iroct h tiow len th (fifmT. Tfvnt avenue t (Irriniiny to..l ly meani ubiiolatfly 'ihmrin lt,ctor." Th pa- of th to th north ntltt remains Mt-n. it h'tc trt the wotidi ful little j atl't-patro-l ( f's"'v. ftiicf f;.'' I ,, t f f r -' i : , t " f; ' t T j l"f- - p' 'f r-v- ii ti-- ' I 4 fi 4 nl - i MP jcifnuji? nurc;? wilt choir that ttwn Ilan1 or r - criccinr - in- ll haltl"- thrn''lve. m is tK rur-r- by the 1m-ni- M ranrl Ih- - oj'.nirs;. are. a jtilmatln- - which haa be-- r anlurlnir omf II rd 111 ne of the channel ! fmi rol whiatt, tt artr t'e, a impl matter. The neta a A r4rnt TIM atattof ft rfonho. iffy i4n, nrtoadalo of rope at"! -. ef, Tlk-'- t 'tp tt;- aubmatlnth ato-.- er, and a halfand f - f ' . Ir.che thick. If a'l offr .?;..! th t!f1 of m 4 fi- f r f I; i. t' f "nftff tf tfvj rope th-5 - around rt I p"e at?J-r- . ri I It I and irha alri.'t.r ri?' a'f --proplr. 4 en thoush th ve"l puc-r-- d t a irery .lomd. w rf 4fii? rat of l in rvtrlt atlntt ItPelf from th net. pfoMam. a. m.4ltr of fact, however, the A trail. TTf mthfall--apeatitr.- - tf tt lake to M In the net Ilk an tk n I to P ii .alJr remain ?faa th- - fart bclnfC web. In a a ! to fly lha oni dtrt"h'l i fjtr.ar, ii fie? ftr.k train 4c10.tr alllea to known the rrtade patrol boa l a 1 a b"fn -1 n e? r j d". mi. tr tin an;: droypej on th by th" mmojufm diarrar.stement of rif ths la not the purfare tnio I: vmrt f;'f?..--- ; nft-tir- c the lro:rwhich from of, ;fm?r't fiflr., f;ey i a fTn.tl! of s;.dv motrr ptiapended. fa.M. Another way of nettlnt: the aubma-rln- .. 4 I nr. h s . tf ih o.jr jtrr fv!tf different from that pracnult1 U nd rr 4 e J !4. t afSr the i 4fi h44 i' on tff ticed In th- - f?unrrl, I llnic carrl-te 5h-t ' ror. tf aubmarlne'a The j? Krent " the In th peA. opf-Am'if t' i;f:f- r!:rof I ll depndene for p.Kht . t ; fr!al jr - waknr.4 th rr r? ,f leaioo4 if f(?mtonil " ope. The cfateet rans-- 't itp .i prS ' l'itfor $re htm been tr.it!!f ol fi w hen It Is runnlnjt t.ope pert ft r L f I ! in I fp"E-r vert 44r4i Koti4 t i'tm4f!". about eleven with i. afirfae tbii .. :. I r are ll tw arc h. nhoul th aub- There far it tii ue affl.l tjrrae-.fThf j kU.j. r o 4 n f t - r rt-- ? te5f4. 4v-- f rrt t,p th X. rnr f r f. .rr-.j- ', f lHirv m- - rsrt ir wher- - 5 5 .;t. - df. : 1 o'nf t t"-- . anw-f-la'i- n :.:-ma- "'! af trd. ft5 -,, 1 i - mil-marin- fm--- tf. a'"rlr auh-iT-ri- k-- .irr-'tio- 1 4 - e f In-tr- ;- vl t- r- : .4 or ( i f? l- f T- 44 tj!, I d:-tta-- t(a f-- tj.. d 5 -!-- n-- fi . ?; la marine rone a number of swift destroAs thepe boats ride higher In the v..iter. the lookout can aee a submarine much further off than the auhtna-rl'i- can p e tlie boat.. It would be im-- p 4ible, however, for the destroyers to cre'-ui on the submarine Into effective firlntr distapco without hetiir, seen. Th- destroyer do not try to. Instead, they rarry stronir steel nets with meshea about twenty feet apart. These nets are attached to buoys, and when the pubmarin- - is r.Khted its course Is at one- - charted. The destroyers, work-InIn pairs, then carefully steam around the submarine toward the point where It la hound, belnjf careful to out of range of the periscope eye. keep Vh-;a certain distance thry ahead of the course the undersea boat la ptalnty followin, the nets, which hava been suspended from special booms between the two vessels, are dropped. I'y the time the undersea boat Rets to the place where the rjets have bffii dropped, the weight of the wire has carried the net down to about the depth that the submarine is traveling. The undersea beat runs into them and. Inextricably tanprjfd. turns turtle and sinks. Of course, the submarine will scmetlmea change Its course, and in that case the destroyers patiently chart the new course and throw over still other nets. yer. il marine ran rrach the ,a n'l th 1 In a fr t?f ihn i: hu- - - in "l tsmmfff. fntt !il; vifr if lon . f j m-- ly ml- - i f ai f -- of of i:ru-fn RH'I ,if ;taf. A chrr of !rttiii1 to h ir o hoKtiff, mi thor I tr--- f l. It l th tr?5-i?- f t h I, 1 m i n-- an vibration ft r I .4 Jf .f. fotj r r' i I rvry r'f,,I th vfl vf?"l i J !I'-- I u,n i flfi.r,'., 'I'll' If lj--- f lr.-r- ts..,.,. ' t f.f U "t rvti iJ'rrr.r. ,r -y' ?- -: wo- after it t;--- sf 'lfrftf! I, ftf v "-1 t p th r tr,r-.?n-i I "- cti?;!;"lnFf. rAftr I I"- hn ffftY hj I? rti. r i ! fr rprr h m uf . t f.; It ulnTlon. not ulnfM !r,i!mtni tir.-Jof rniiric. fii!i! It can h rr wrrt'tl" In1 at c:iJ 'l'ir.-t-- r n' : vrw"w 4S,- jt i r-- - -- - ...:.4 - "i, ... 1 1 t s rh For hundreds of mile alonjr the hat-ti- e front in Kurope not more than yards sepaiate the first line trenches of the opposing armies. This fact has made it posible for both sides to employ many weapons never before use. i In civilized warfare. t'ertain poisonous Rases are heavier than air and. for that reason mav lie rendily propelled In the form of olo.ttis, practically Intact, for considerable distances, provided the wind is not unfavorable. The scientist were oulok to avail of this thmejv!4 physical fact when It appeared that the war to be rotiftht out for the most partivas at close fjuarters. They have developed som- - terribly effective weapons alonjr t!.ep. Itu-- s s.n' the war began and, at th- - fame time, have devoted considerable 'attention to the problem of neutralising the effects of similar weapons used by the enemy. A new was. far more than any heretofore employed. Is deadly now belli used by th- - (German on the French front, according to recent dispatches. This jca is based on prussic acid, a poison which Is s- deadly that the fumes from a drop on the end of a plasa rod will kill a rabbit three feet away. The ue of prussle acd, or hydrocyanic a id. in the form of a gas In the "poison war" which ilermany has been waKlng artainst the allies, was naturally ne of the first things which German chemists were, most desirous of they encountered many attaining, but obstaclv. In Its pur form the gas is to volatile that Its use was found to be out of th question. Instead of rolling In a cloud toward the enemy's trenches, e as chlorim- - and do, this dangerous gas evaporated as soon as It left its container, and ilestroyed those in jts immediate vicinity. ' Combination Soeefpafut. German scientists then attempted to combine the deadly gas with other gases having- more body to them, and a series of experiments finally demonstrated that th feat could be accomwith arsenlated hydrogen, plished which Itself Is a very deadly gas. Arseniated hydrogen la obtained by hycombining arsenic while evolving e acid drogen from xlne, and water. AVhen the hydrocyanic gas Is added to this compound a gaa is produced which is probably the most deadly ever compounded. It effect on the French troops who have been attacked with it and who were unprotected by helmets or masks was to 1.H1 them Instantaneously. Others vho .vcre partially protected by means of I.eimeta used to pruard against chro!;nc and other gases heretofore used by the Hermans were seriously affected,, being at first rendered unconscious and then seized with convulsions not unlike epileptic fits. The gas has rather a pleasant odor, not unlike that of bitter almonds, which is characteristic of cyanide and hydrocyanic or prusslc acid. The cloud of gas had a pale green color. Hydrocyanic add fumes, unlike most weld fumes do not orrltatr? the respiratory organs, but are promptly absorbed sev-enty-ri- wHI-know- n - carbon-monoxid- . hydro-chlorl- A va . ifl? & 0 i i".'"W'..l a.1" ? 'J . .!..':'CT .",vy o? v w. ,,mWP" "if I . h Wflr"-- - ; i ve i rv flllllllllll III Ml II MM I ...... I I Tbe large photograph :tt the top An. fin 1.1 en lif .h. il.ntllv ft feet of the chlorine noses, invented f and nel so extensively by the Cier- - i tnnns In their recent onmpalK" in J This as l so deadly that j It annihilates Immediately nil with-- I In rnuge of its v apors; nlso is ptaoivn I one of method tieviMea iy me J to trap submarine., eon l;ngllh i sinting: of n net nrrangrement ; to the J right, French soldier equipped with It seelal respirator to combat the rsh clouds of the Germans. It enables to ch&ge through the J j the men I thickest gn clouds without I neon-- ! venlence. Another Prcnob Invention In the special uns Iielinet shoivn at f the rlRhl, unril mainly an proreciion i asalnst the poisonous fumes of Ger- - i i man bombs. I nrlvr te r ' " 2 I I by the blood and change Its character. Arsenic fumes affect the liver and kidneys. They produce an extremely weak pulse. The combined effect of these two gases presented a difficult problem for the French scientists to solve. They had to devise a helmet which would protect the men in the first-lin- e trenches as far as possible against the new poison, and work out antidotes for those who were overcome by it. They have succeeded in doing both. Gaa Fffect Horrible. The new helmet, in addition to protecting the wearer against the poisonous gas and providing him with a plentiful supply of oxygen, also contains a chemical which greatly alleviates the effect cf any impure air which he may take In. The treatment, of those overcome by the new gas consists of hypodermic into stimulate the heart, which jections Is seriously affected by the hydrocyanic fumes, and the administration of sesquioxide of iron, which has been found valuable as an adtldote against arsenic poisoning. One of the first gases to be employed In this way by the Germans was chlorine. This gas was reduced to a liquid and carried, under pressure, in strong fteel cylinders, with ready for ufc. A hose provided with a nozzle was attached to the cylinder and when it was desired to hurl the gas at the enemy the pressure was removed from the tank and the liquid driven through the tube. Upon coming into contact hy-drat- stop-cock- s, V i U J7 'U w i .I i BOOLOSH W I CALAf5 ed WHERE T ir - W- -1 ' ff - W. I I NET IS STRETCHED STRAIT. OF DOVES . with the air It was at once reconverted Into gas, which rolled in the form of a cloud along the ground and Into the first cavity it came to. That cavity was invariably an enemy trench. Chlorine gas is more than twice as heavy as air and a cloud of it travels . for a considerable distance. At close range it reached the enemy in practically undiluted form. As this gas is an irritant poison, with a highly suffoodor and effect, the effect on cating the soldiers in the first line of trenehe was very disastrous. |