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Show i Power Machines Will Reduce Labor of Cutting Needed Firewood on Farm LIVESTOCK (Praparad or tho I'nlied 8iia Departmtnt of Agriculture.) Thousands of urns of apple pomace are going i to waste annually which wight profitably be turned into food for wintering cattle, says the United of Agriculture. State Department This loss it attributed either to laek of facilities for preserving the pomace or to Indifference on the partof stock raisers. - Studies to determine the food value and best methods of utilizing this byproduct from commercial cider and vinegar mills have been made and are discussed in Department Bulletin No. as Stock 1166, "Apple roods," Just Issued by "the United of Agriculture, Stales When the moist apple pomace can be used In the fresh condition or be entiled it yields a succulent cattle food comparable with corn silage, of spef cial value In the winter feeding stock. The quantity that can be utilised in this way, howevor, is limited because of the relatively high cost of transportation for material having such a high Water content. Its most profitable utilization depends upon its preservation by dehydration and producing it as a commercial food. In feeding jtrlals with dairy cows, dried apple pomace proved to be a palatable feed and appeared to be . equal- - pound for pound f dry matted to good corn silage as succulent food. The material was fed wet and replaced the corn silage In a ration Including grain and hay. The material, which had been ground to a meal, waa prepared by adding to It three times Its weight of water several hours be" fore It was fed. A copy of this bulletin may be secured from the United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. CL, long, as the supply lasts. Steers Clean Up Waste feeds Farm Do not plunge heavily Into feeding because someone else made big money last year. Also do not stay out because the last season was a bad one. The pendulum may swing the other way In either case. Keep steers full. The food eaten over and above maintenance la what puts en flesh. Nevertheless, excitement, mud, discomfort and injuries from horns of other steers all Increase maintenance requirement and reduce game Under Colorado conditions, feed heavily on roughage and other cheap feeda at the start and save thje heaviest grain feeding for the last four or six weeks of the fattening period. Wise feeders watch costs carefully in buying feed. It Is not necessarily the best feeds, but the best feeds for. the money that make profits. Make ' steers clean up the waste feeds on the farm. Straw corn fodder and beet tops out best be marketed through steers irised In proper combinations with other feeds. s Where heavy are fed, a few hogs in the feedlot may regain 10 per cent or more of the grain fed. It rarely pays to hold mature steers after they are finished. Every pound of gain put on after this point is reached Is put on at a loss. Charlft I. Bray, Colorado Agricultural College. .. corn-ration- tJnlua jha ot Stat Dpartmtnt Ajrleultar.) A day's work with a bius saw or drag saw will yield aa much firewood as could be cut In many, hard days' energetic work by hand, and will effect a saving of labor or coal, or perhaps both, that is well worth considering, especially If there Is timber available that Is fit for fuel and not for lumber. A great many farmers already have gasoline engines, and machines are comparatively Inexpensive. One outfit can do the work for several famllles,and may be bought in partnership, or operated for hire. With power machinery It is possible to reduce much of the expense and make the gathering of the wood supply comparatively easy, says the United States Department of Agriculture. Timber Is so valuable for lumber," that comparatively few ioga are usecf for . fuel Aowadays. If It should be jr wood-sawin- "? M g grit. Ferv snow this reason, hauling in Advantageous. be of ample size to cu'fthrough at one operation the largest pieces of wood commonly handled. Blades from 24 to 30 Inches In diameter are the most popular. It Is economy to get a large enough blade. A speed of about 1.200 revolutions for a or 1.500 for a 24 Inch blade Is recommended. A flywheel will help to preserve momentum when the saw is going through the wood. An engine of 6 to 8 horsepower Is sufficient for the heaviest wood, and one of horsepower will suffice if only small poles and limbs are to be cut. Four Men Handle Job Quickly. The number of men required for most efficient operation ot a buzz saw varies, but four men make a good crew. One man does the actual sawing, one helps hold the logs and Doles ;Tlie'sa;:blade should SO-ln- - , klndlo harearighttooeHeve0 V M jou want to get through talking Increase EggProductiori by Efficient Henhouses The raising of poultry is one im-itegular housing and burn feeding portant factor in the solution of the of the dairy cow should not be delayed- farm meat problem not only to furnish W. Gultoo long in tfcwUrM says T. a fhange from pork and beef in the llckson of the dairy division,, lujvw wintertime but to take the place of the un"for .itv frni at St. Paul, Minn., or- . - . j---i amoked or cured meatspshlch are less she receives plenty ot roou aau T weath-kep- t q, durln W9Tm . in comfortable quarters a slump er. Eggs also xorm an lmDortIlnt pun In her production is sure to occur with of the diet the change in season. A drop In proEvery poultry raiser should endeavor for duction is always a serious mutter, maintain egg production throughout to It is well known to all experienced the year. Under natural conditions milk of dairymen that when a loss hens lay most in the spring as they to yield occurs It Is almost impossible out In the open air and suncan get level bring production up to a high hens In the dark, cold cow is given light. Keeping again later, even if the houses practically stops egg poultry the best feed and cure. from November to Febproduction to Is cow "The stable In which the ruary. be kept should be cleaned and well However, through the use of a conredoors bedded, broken windows and crete poultry house, W. H. Gardner, an placed or repaired, and the ventilation Illinois poultry raiser was able to so system put Into working condition maintain spring rating output in his that the change from outdoor and pasture life to that of the siable may be' made as moderate as possible. The cow must be comfortable If she is to be profitable. "The feed of the cow, always an Important factor, is extremely so at this season. A splendid basis for her rainui,, .,i iin'iiriiM Ilium nit'.--- " f :,aKiawi"lw tion Is found In the feeds that are usually grown on every dairy farm. Clover or alfalfa hay with corn silage furnish a very satisfactory roughage combination for the ration. It Is economical to supply the hay In as large amounts as the cow will con! jLOunds of sume. Twenty to thirty-fiv- e fcize of the on the silage, depending animal, should be given from the first day of barn feeding for it will aid greatly In making easy the transition from pasture to dry feeding. t the In addition to the receive should milk cow producing some grain or concentrate feed. Corn and oats furnish an excellent basis for such a grain ration. It will usually, Concrete Poultry House of W. H. Gardner of Illinois. however, be found profitable to purchase other feeds to add to these. A combination of 300 pounds ground poultry flock throughout the winter. corn, 200 pounds ground oats, 200 The. increased egg production has Inpounds bran and 100 pounds linseed many times repaid him the amount ollmeal will give good results. One vested. His house shown in the illusIs 16 feet wide and 80 feet pound of this mixture to every three tration The front wall is five feet high long. milk about Is of the produced pounds proper ratio for a Jersey or Guernsey snd the rear wall five feet six Inches. The low walls help conserve the heat cow, while the lower testing Holsteln should receive only one pound for given off by the fowls. The house has every four pounds of milk she gives. a south exposure with practically all The quantity should vary from this windows and other openings on the rule with different Individuals, some south side. Plenty of sunlight deals cows consuming a larger proportion of death to disease germs. Concrete conroughage than others and therefore struction permits the most complete sanitation because the house can very requiring a trifle less concentrates. easily be cleaned and kept clean. It Succulent Dairy Feeds goes without saying that rats cannot gnaw through nor find ner.tlng place in Winter Help Cattle in the concrete house. The smooth dry, All dairy farmers knew that their concrete floor, walls and foundation cows milk better and also are In their provide no cracks nor crevices to harbest physical condition on good spring bor lice, mites or other parasites which pasture. It Is necessary for the dairy cause the poultryman so much worry farmer0 to remember this fact to and loss. realize that in order to get the Mr. Gardner's experience with his greatest and most economical propoultry house shows that Increased duction from the milk cows and the egg production from a flock of 400 most economical growth on the fowls amounts to sufficient to pay for young stock he must Imitate as nearthe house In four months. ly as possible June pasture conditions the whole year, says J. P. LaMaster, dairy chief at Clemson college, who re- Scaly Leg of Chickens minds us that during the fall and winIs Very Common Ailment ter months permanent pastures are Scaly leg of chickens Is a very comand therefore not have the do dry stimulating effect always noticed dur- mon condition In the farm flock and ing the spring season, when gross Is one that causes considerable loss In tender and succulent and carries an the egg basket. It is caused by the abundance of desirable feed nutrients. boring of a small mite Into the flesh of the feet and legs, causing a secre tlon which hardens onlbe legs, formto Have Warm Important (.,.. ing scales. and Comfortable Barns The mites are embedded In the flesh Unlike the beef animal, or other of the legs and feet and in order to farm animals, the dairy cow Is not kill them they must be treated with blessed with a thick covering of flesh, a penetrating oil The best treatment Is the constant says Horace M. Jones, extension dairy of an ointment made of 1 application at specialist yie South Dakota State college. Her substance goes Into the part of oil of caraway to 5 parts of milk pall and the natural protection petroleum Jelly. Use until the legs of which she la thus deprived must be are clean. Another method Is to take supplied In some other way. The only a quart can full of kerosene and dip solution Is to have a warm barn with the legs to within an Inch of the knees no drafts and with a fairly even In the oil. Great care should be extemperature. To make a barn warm ercised in preventing any of the oil does not mean the outlay of much from getting feathers s it wIU Warm barns may be con- blister the akin underneath. ' money. The mite that gives the most trouble structed or remodeled from old barns. Adding a layer of building paper, Is found where fowls are confined on banking with straw, or building with dry barren runs, or on soils filled with sod- will provide warm and comfortashes or cinders. able quarters. The Important features of light and ventilation must not be v Selecting Varieties o overlooked In the dairy barn. r pm'' 1?i fifs:-- , i . ! ' fry. V 5 A J Four-Ma- n a. : Crew 8hould 8aw Twenty Cords a Day. advisable to cut large logs for wlfi'ter 'on the table and push them forward fuel, a drag saw will be found nseful. for the successive, cuts, one removes Effective drag-saoutfits are expen- and piles the blocks, and a fourth sive, compared with circular saws, as keeps the logs and poles up to the saw. the machinery Is somewhat more com- Under average conditions such an outplicated and should Include a carriage fit should saw about twenty cords of h stove lengths for moving up the log for successive wood Into 12 or r In a cuts. day. For small wood, three men should be able to keep the Best Location for Outfit saw busy. If the wood is piled near g If possible, the rig the saw, one man ordinarily can keep should be located at the foot of a slope the saw supplied and the sawyer will and the logs hauled to a pile above It, need no helper. In sawing poles two men can work where they can be rolled Into position. Portable drag-saoutfits, which will effectively, and even one man alone Is outcarry the saw from cut to cut, are better off for having a power-saalso In the market for large opera- fit. tions. However, undefbrd!nary conditions, It will probably be found economical, with the limited amount of wood neceshowever, to aave the trunk of the tree sary to keep one family through the for timber, cutting off the top and winter, a good plan Is for several farmlarge limbs for fuel. The circular or ers to cub together and buy an outfit buss saw Is preferable for cutting which can be moved from one place to these into stove-woo- d lengths. It will another. The original cost will not be usually be best to cut the wood Into a serious factor on a partnership basis, lengths by hand as long as two or three and the cost per cord will be reduced men can handle and haul It to a cen- to a point where the outfit will pay for tral aawing place. A good skldway of Itself In a few years at the outside. small logs should be built for rolling The plan also suggests "wood and to the exchange of saw. the bees," and up heavy poles logs cash-labo- r outlay at a Sledges are usually better than wagons work will save for hauling In winter. Efforts should season when time Is more plentiful be made to keep the wood free from than money. 16-inc- ten-hou- wood-sawin- t What he called simple mineral mixture for use In the ration of the hog was described by John M. Evvard of Iowa State college at Ames In his address before an audience ot farmers and Uvt stock men on "Swine Feeders' day" at University farm. This mixture, he said, was composed of 20 parts of salt, 40 parts of bone black, and 40 parts of wood ashes. Either rock phosphate, add phosphate, steamed bonemeal, bone ash or bone charcoal could be used, he said, In making, up the second Item of the recipe. Also If wood ashes were not available, either high calcium limestone, ground up clam or oyster shells or chalk could be used. Feeding minerals was like taking out a safety and Insurance policy for the herd, hs said. Professor Eward Is Inclined to believe that the low price period of Breeders Can Exchange hogs will continue some time. Prohas been so heavy that deRams to Good Advantage duction mand is not equal to the load. There sre a number of sheep breed"No one knows what will happen," ers who are always In the market for he said, "but my advice would be to new rams. It sometimes happens that sell hogs at once and to breeders can exchange rams to good others as soon as possible fatten the advantage when neither could use the and let them go also." one they own any longer. The best possible place, to select a ram Is at the home of the breeder where the ram Is Soy Beans Coming Into to be seen In his everyday form. Even Favor as Feed for Sheep at the home of the breeder the purchaser needs both eyes open. Soy beans are coming more and more Into favor where they can be grown because they fit so well Into rotation, Success in Building Up produce a crop the year planted, and profitable Swine Herd produce so abundantly of protein feed. Success In building the swine herd They make an excellent balance to put la only reached through turning out a Into the silo wtth corn, snd are slso flhe to pasture down by hogs or sheep class of animals that possess Individual merit which differentiates them In standing com. L from the great masses of animals of la bean to rather difficult Soy hay the breed to which they belong, and cure because of Its succulence and leafthen it Is that the mortgage has faded age. Sometimes It gets caught In rains away, (he new bouse built and the sad to all tppesranres ruined. But bank account grown as a protection sheep will eat It when so black It apagainst that when we shall retire from pears to be worthless. 8heep will eat the breeding ring to a more quiet pri- shout d loss corn when fed vate life, ood soy bean 200-poun- d ' one-thir- h.. An experiment to determine the danger of salt waa carried out in Indiana with the conclusion that bogs will not eat too much salt of their own accord. For example, water and feed were withheld for 24 hours from 30 pigs averaging 100 pounds In weight The pigs were then given two one with salt and the other with corn. As soon as the hogs had jeaten their fill water was kept before them at all times through the balance of the experiment. After 90 hours It waa found the hogs had eaten but four pounds of salt, or slightly more than two ounces of salt a pig. The same results were found with another lot of pigs. They even tried mixing salt with shorts, but In six days the pigs refned to eat the very salty shorts though they ate self-fe-d corn and tankage readily. Salt poisoning will likely occur'when rain water gets Into the salt trough and the pigs drink the brine, but self-fedry salt la perfectly safe according to experimental evidence. self-feeder- d Satisfactory Mash for Pullets Still Growing A satisfactory laying mash" which ran also be used for pullets still growing in the late fall Has been suggested by the Ames poultry people. They say that this mash can be fed right through the winter with very good results. Where tankage Is not available. It pays to substitute some form of milk or meat screp for the same results. This Is the mixture. ISO lbs. IIS around oata. lb, around corn. 100 Iba. Hoar Tl lbs. SO middling. par cant protatn tankaf a. With this mash, some green food snd of course egg shell should be within reach of the flock st all times, The men who one this mash say tbsl buttermilk hss proven to be the cheap est food for the amount of Increased egg production "when used with a good laying mash. ' ' ' on-th- e Important Facts Found in Government Bulletin Every dairyman should have "Blackleg: Its Nature, Cause and Prevention. Bulletin No. 1356," recently by the Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. Cattle between the ages of ; six and eighteen months are affected eiclally by this rapidly fatal, Infectious disease, but sucking calves and thoe past two years are rarely attacked. Such facts as these are brought out In the bulletin. d IT " keai begin.; . A man will carry a ran will tten quit an .Only -- accompillne4 can atcb up a quarrel patches won't show. J- ; As soon as you get on E, 1 you notice that everybody ZJ?? to pay high taxes. Trouble Is the to the world; It will fellow who Is looking for nJ?S tt Men dont understand women cause they can't; women don't It. stand men because they don't baJ It costs a ban a goofi deal the to to his Ideals. Thafi many a man. can't afford UP T ; WISE 1!! get! i . SAYINGS j By Buck CampbalL for a man tt J .carry his wife's picture la his t t watch, but he ought not to ban time- - for another woman's. J It is all right Chemists J have discover per cent of the whisky J J contains poison. Had no idea there was so much pure whisky, or-'- jp& neglect them so far as feeding Is concerned. Give them the right kind of feed and proper care. A pregnant ewe needa no grain during the first four months after breeding If she Is in good condition at that time. On the other hand It will not to winter her on straw and timothy hay or corn stover. What she needs Is clover or alfalfa hay or at least clover and timothy, with the former predominating In the mixture. Silage if of good quality, also makes a good feed for bred ewes. An average of two pounds of corn silage and two pounds of clover or alfalfa hay per day will maintain a ewe In excellent condition, but for two or three weeks before lambing It Is advisable to add about half a pound of grain per day, a mixture of equal parts of oats and corn being suitable for that purpose. v . " Fate Is Dairy Cow Should Have Best of Care in FaU the Excellent Mixtures to Experiment to Determine Maintain Breeding Ewe Simple Mineral Mixture Is Necessary for Swine After the evjea are bred, don't Danger of Salt for Hogs I wortx g (Fraparad FIT ! Everybody owes th that hs gets from it DAIRY FACTS Outfit Can Do the Work for Several'Fan ilies and May Be Owned in Partnership Sugges- - . tions as to the Best Types to Use. Wood-Sawin- Good Apple for Wintering Animals By-Produ- ets ge WITHAP . FARM on-Avera- - " that Wise ' men seek happlnea; pleasure. t others seek The mule t a cross betvett Is the horse and the ass, are all other kickers. $ t ' 90 ' S J ind , Don't growl about the tbiap J that don't t be satisfied with something tint can be done better. . but Ami go right r ' J The recent census shows 612 manual labor. t poets working at ' ' In these prosperous days era poets can earn a living. A full-grow- i' man leading n J t poodle dog around comes abtst i as near our Idea of I fool m J t anything we can t If you want J Just try to get think tl t to get poor quick, rich quick. t I 4 HOWLERS SCHOOLBOY .Among some delightful mistakes recorded are the one Quiket Two crochets make Letters in sloping scbootkj foUotiif: hi print are sj terics. A widow Is the wlfi of I grass vegetarian. Tertlum quid is a legal tern ne lng 6s. 8d. noise Etiquette Is the yoa when you sneeze. Psyche was a black f ought Carpentler. boxer Ambiguity is telling tht you don't mean to. trutk ts) ' A circle Is s round straight a bole In the middle. tt ! Hss witer s One of the chief uses of drowning save people from Salt Lake City to; Ta aarara rpt atrvtca mm pap1 WriU Malar Barbar CaU BUSINESSCOLLKtf, a usiNtss s. L. School at ; '7fcHl lticrxi. 1 Start New Chicken Flock In selecting varieties to stsrt a new" flock, fancy breeds sre usually let alone by any one who does not make a business or a pastime It who of poultry-keeping- . Is pleasant for a person keeps but a dozen or twenty hens to have them of some choice breed, and to take great pains with them; studying Into their habits, their "points", and all that. Hut few persons have either the taste or inclination to be successful breeders; so, ai a rule, It is best to keep common or mixed hens, but a cock 4 one of the best breeds. nmc Jh"!&2JiS -- wa par ah lp dlrart p your oa rjl. vo oarlrWV' writ. other, fur r FU, Aaxncai Hide 4 153 Wat SWfcTaaavp j ' Jjrjfl t d Valuable for Dairy Cowa. Geese In Small Flocks, Alfalfa is exceedingly valuable for Geese can be raised In small numdairy, cows and growing stock on ac- bers successfully and at a profit on count of Its high protein content and many farms where there Is low, rough Its richness in mineral matter. For posture land contatolng a natural supwintering brood sows It Is also very ply of water. Wiey need a house only desirable. during cold or stormy westher, when aa open shed should bs provided. Farm Free of Scrubs. Make your farm a scrub-fre- e Most Popular Geeso Breads.' area by using pure bred aires. The Toulouse and Errfrden sre the most popular breeds of geese In this Will Mak. or Break. The Toulouse Is the largest country. The sirs will mtkt or breek any breed, the adult gander welfhln 23 " sr VVVVI 7 pounds and the goose 20 pounds. ttir--a for --- M-- : TXJ XfetSfei j CLASS PINS airy K. 1. ,c Fresh Cut . With Flower - now-- "- ..tAHTlf Hobday's Flower Keith Emporium nil. sw ft U |