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Show I LERI FREE PRESS. IX HL UTAH IPS Released by Wcnera Newspaper Unloa. INVESTIGATION OF GRAFT CHARGES DEMANDED IN THE PROSECUTION of a war there are bound to be some mistakes In judgment on the part of those directing the production of supplies, and those directing the fighting. Such mistakes may be, and usually are, expensive, they are to be regretted, but must be expected. Such mistakes in no way constitute a criminal action, and are subject to no criminal penalty. There are other mistakes, occasioned not by judgment, but !y negligence. The law recognizes such a thing as criminal negligence when there are not exonerating causes. Under any circumstances negligence Is never so excusable as is mistaken Judgment Then there is outright intent to be dishonest, to defraud those who must do the paying, to secure for others something to which they are not entitled. It is known by the ugly name of graft, and the grafter is numbered among the lowest type of criminals. Fulton Lewis Jr., a Mutual network commentator, has presented over the air what he has stated as facts, that, if true, would certainly taint as grafters a number of people named, and others implied. If his statements are not true the circulation of them over the air would constitute criminal libel for which Mr. Lewis aac! the Mutual Broadcasting company would be liable. If such charge is not brought that, n itself, should be sufficient evidence to cause a searching congressional investigation. Mr. Lewis has charged that American peothe ple have been defrauded, either through negligence or intent, of many millions, or possibly billions of dollars. He has offered as evidence what he says are factual statements of names, places, amounts, mtthods and specifie contracts. If those statements are false the courts can provide redress for the accused. If they are true the American people demand the punishment of the guilty whoever they may be. Congress cannot be expected to lake cognizance of every hearsay charge that is made, but in this case there is so much involved, so many ramifications, that the congressional investigation is fully warranted. Should the investigation develop criminal negligence, or a direct attempt to defraud the American people, congress will turn the case over to the department of justice. The American people have demonstrated their willingness to pay the terrific cost of our fight for free dom, but they are not willing to finance the making of a bunch of millionaires through any process of graft. AFTER MORE THAN three years real work at the job, Senator Byrd and his committee for the reduction of government expenditures have dug out of the maze that is Washington 1,141 different government bureaus, departments, administrations and what have you. Those 1,141 with headquarters at Washington, maintain tens of thousands of local offices throughout the United States. They have been responsible for many forms and questionnaires the citizens have been ordered to fill out and which, In practically all cases, have served no useful purpose. Through these executive order created bureaus, etc., there Is a duplication of effort in many lines. A duplication that is burdensome and expensive to the citizens. of AUDIT OF AGENCIES IS SOUND BUSINESS PRACTICE THERE IS A BILL now before the senate that provides for an audit by the Office of the Comptroller General and the jurisdiction of congress over the many government corporations created by presidential execu- tive orders. These government corporations, directly or indirectly, affect practically every citizen of the nation. Of them the comptroller general, Lindsay C. Warren, said to a congressional committee: "They have become greater than congress, and, at times, arrogantly snap their fingers in the face of congress. There are 101 such corporations, with assets of 27 billion dollars, and liabilities of 22 billion. The government guarantees their stock, but has no jurisdiction over their operations, and makes no audit of their accounts. It is time something was done about them. New UspTfir Fashioned FBI's Identification Division Can Name Anyone 01 97 Million Huge Files Now Hold Records of Majority Of American Gtizens People Through Fingerprint Cards a-j- B a fc On September 14, 1944, 29 persons were killed in a train wreck at Terre were Haute, Ind. Twenty or more from returned men army air corps overseas. Difficulty was experienced in identifying the bodies, but finger- , to the FBI. tx-- 4 ntsj m m mm to m M k Picture a vast room, longer and wider than a football field, with a vaulted ceiling 75 feet high, filled with long rows of steel filing cabinets. In this great hall 2,500 girls work at calculating machines, typewriters and filing cases, of the Personal This is a then visualize 96,588,265 sepa- Identification portion Form, showing the finrate fingerprint cards (the total gers of the left hand. The prist of as this is written) in these files, each finder is also recorded sepand you have some idea of the arately on the card, which also consize of the fingerprint, or iden- tains all necessary written data. tification division of the federal vent of photography, however, that bureau of investigation in Wash- law enforcement agencies initiated ington. methods and built up The famous "rogues" galleries. Bertillon method, a system of measurements of certain bony parts of the anatomy in addition to the frontal and profile photographs, was an effective but not a positive means of identification since it was early realized that one operative would take these measurements "loose" and another would take them "close" resulting in different classifications. This system, nevertheless, was the best possible until the fingerprinting method was developed in the early 1900s. The pioneer work was done by Sir Francis Galton, a noted British scientist, who discovered that no two individuals in the world have identical fingerprints, and that the pattern remains unchanged throughout life. In 1892 he assembled the first collection of fingerprints in the world. In 1896 the International Association of Chiefs of Police, which includes the head3 of police departments of most of the principal cities of this country and Canada, established a special bureau at Chicago. This was later removed to Washington and became known as the National Bureau of Criminal Identification. Its purpose was the compiling of Bertillon records. As use of the Bertillon system was discontinued the national bureau gradually began acquiring a collection of fingerprint records. FBI Took Over in, 1924. In 1924 this identification division was placed under the jurisdiction of the FBI and received and consolidated in Washington the records of both the National Bureau of Criminal Identification and the records of the Leavenworth prison. More than 11,000 law enforcement agencies today are submitting prints to the bureau and more than 600 fugitives are identified by the bureau each month. The bureau has now on file more than 1,200,000 prints of persons applying for government positions under the Civil Service commission. Comparison with criminal records show that 7.7 per cent of these have had a previous criminal history,-oabout 1 out of 20 applicants. Through the vigilance of the FBI these people are barred from obtaining positions of trust within the government. Here's an example of how these requests of identification work. In 1939 the Works Projects administration in New York City submitted prints of a woman applying for a job as housekeeper. Search revealed that she was arrested in June, 1933. on a first degree murder charge and a fingerprint card sent from Sing Sing indicated that the woman was incarcerated at Ossining, N. Y., awaiting execution for murder. It is interesting to note that after being sentenced to execution in 1933, this woman was somehow free six years later. modern prints were sent the incomperls carefully checked identified eight and ing fingerprints of them under names sent in from Indiana. Two other prints, however, were not identical with those of milwere itary personnel whose names two othas identified were but given, er soldiers whose names had not been furnished. So not all identifications are criminal identifications. Missing persons have been found, amnesia victims identified, traffic accident victims for instance identified Fingerprints of an amnesia victim from Fresno county general hospital in California were received. The victim had been asked to write on her fingerprint card any names which came to her mind. She listed seven names and addresses in Gary, Ind., W. Seattle, Wash., and Charleston, reVa. As soon as the prints were ceived by FBI they were found to be identical with a set of prints received from Portland, Ore., from a company doing war work. In mak-of ing the application the woman, course, had given her correct name and this information was furnished the police in Fresno. The woman had no criminal record in the FBI ... But that isn't all. In addition a half dozen other large rooms are filled with hundreds of other girls engaged in classifying incoming fingerprint cards before they are forwarded to the main fingerprint files. It is a complex, tedious job of huge proportions, but so proficient has the FBI become in this identification division, so expert has become the classification system, that when the sheriff of New Madrid county, Missouri, or the chief of police of Norman, Okla., or the town marshal at Bluffton, Ind., telephones for idenfiles. tification of a given person, or sends Importance of fingerprint identifIn fingerprints, these officials have is pointed ication of an answer within a few minutes. that shows when out the department For, although there are almost 100 in the past year alone 9,000 bodies million separate cards, representing were taken to morgues and nearly 100 million persons, on file, classi2,000 doomed to burial in potter's a to such fication has been reduced fields because of inability of authoriscience that it is never necessary to to identify them. During the ties remove more than 100 cards for comsame year more than 200,000 persons parison to make positive identificadisappeared in this country and were tion. sought by relative and friends. FinBuilding up this tremendous resergerprinting has solved thousands of voir of identification cards has be these tragedies and returned many come a hobby, almost a fetish, of folks to their loved ones. lost the nation's boss J. Edgar ' Records Benefit Everyone. Hoover, director of the FBI. He of The foresaw years ago the advantage department in thi3 connection the fingerprint system in both crimpoints out the advantage of voluninal identification, and in 'civilian tary, widespread fingerprinting. As a permanent seal of personal ideninvestigations, both in peace and wartirrfc. The system has tity these fingerprint records offer indubitable benefits to those who take had a tremendous growth during these five war years. advantage of the service. Bureau Expanded by War Need. According to Mr. Hoover, it apFor instance, on July 1, 1941, the pears to him as ridiculous that if a victim of amnesia or of a disaster bureau had approximately 21,700,000 has a prior criminal record, his famfingerprint records on file. But since the war, fingerprint records have ily will be immediately notified, been coming into the bureau at the while if he has lived within the law, rate of about 22,000 daily. Impetus his family, ignorant of his trouble, has been given through the selective can render no aid. This is an service system, and the civil service paradox because finof the criminal is the commission, which requires fingergerprinting War rule, while fingerprinting of the printing of all employees. workers are all fingerprinted, too citizen is still the exception. and copies are sent to the bureau, All civil personal identification so that during these war years about prints are kept in files separate 77 million prints have been added. and apart from the criminal records The job of classifying, filing and and are there available in case the individual meets with any mishap sorting these millions of separate cards has been a tremendous one. which makes it necessary to deterFirst it was necessary to recruit mine his identity. One interesting sidelight on the girls from all over the nation. These criminal identification side is the girls had to be above the average, with high school or college educamaintenance in conjunction with its tions. They took the regular FBI regular alias name file, an addioath Their habits and lives were tional file of nicknames. This nickname file now includes approximatethoroughly investigated and even their place of residence in Washingly 285,000 cards and is of value in ton picked from a list supplied and establishing the identity of criminals who are known only by aliases approved by the FBI. But to get this bureau started and nicknames. . . . to overcome the It sometimes occurs that the only popular prejudice against being fingerprinted, to clue to a particular crime is a nicksell police officials on the advantages name used unconsciously during the of the fingerprint system in the earcrime. Many of these names are ly days, took months and months of descriptive and amusing such as Ash educational work by FBI agents Pan Slim, Dill Pickle, Cream Puffs, traveling throughout the country. Ant Eater, Bughouse Bill, etc. A Enlisted Ilelp of Local Police. number of cases have been solved by It took painstaking effort on the coordinating these names with part of the bureau to build up good will among police officials and public officials everywhere. In those early days every agent had orders when passing through a town to pay his respects to the police officials and to pass along a "message" from J. Edgar Hoover concerning his willingness to help in any local investiThe crux of the message gation. was "don't forget to take fingerprints and send them in." The identification division is now housed, for the duration, in the brand-newhite stone District of Columbia national guard armory. It occupies the whole building, and has constructed new temporary additions to house the cafeteria, lounges and locker rooms. Where it will go after the war is a question. -- S ?V f : fix?Criminal identification is indispen,i sable in combating crime and of course is a most potent factor in apprehension of the fugitive. From the earliest annals of history, personal identification of some character has been in vogue. Members of one savage tribe were distinguished from others through distinctive atThe main file room la now located in the great drill hall of the national tire, bodily decorations, or characarmory. The Identification division of the FBI now occupies the guard teristic scars from cuts entire armory. This Is a temporary arrangement.' After the war a special or burns. It was not until the ad- building probably will be erected. G-M- non-crimin- al . ls ever-recurri- law-abidi- r w . - ft . - d THE REPORT of the Commissioner of Internal Revenue shows the people of Hawaii, that group of small islands lying far out in the Pacific ocean as our American outpost, pay Into the federal treasury as Income taxes more money than any one of 13 states. It took much effort on the part of those people to Induce us to accept the islands as a gift, and hey have proven a financial surprise package as well as a military protection. They should have the opportunity to become our 43th state of the Union. this country was established by Individuality and Uniqueness of Fingerprints Was E. R. commissioner of first Established in 1830 by British Scientists lice at Henry, London's Scotland Yard The first known scientific observation particularly relating to fingerprints was made in 1686 by Marcello Malplghl, professor of anatomy at the University of Bologna, Italy, who alluded to the ridges which e divers figures" on the finger tips. During the subsequent years others pointed to the "ridges" on the finger tips, but it remained for Dr. Henry Faulds, an Englishman connected with the Tsukiji hospital "de-scrib- at Tokyo In to establish the fact that individual fingerprint patterns were of very great variety, and that they remained unchangeable. Sir Francis Galton, noted English scientist, established the fact that no two fingerprints are a'ike, nd devised the first collection of fingerprint records in 1892. But the comprehensive aystem which is the basis for that used in 1 1880 fice ta 1901. First practical r axi Sir po- t il ft f ser.j t Y 1 . . boxes a touch for f f J J Sia By tj V ers. They are uZ , tJ -or """b And here is good WASHINGTON tJJ Walter Sheod WHU R CARRY CoroyWoe PLACE PLAf 3ig TO I V: L? Expiosive Agricultural Front WHO HI Bunmt Trust Buildiag. Wtsbi'ft Vmiom vmi explosive nature EVENTS of onan the agricultural this week, events which threatBOX WITH' ened to rock the foundations of the 4 MM UI WM HOUT i w hi Tar ur entire agricultural program and the 9 economic life of farmers and, as a TWO PlA.fr OUT LEAVER result, of every rural community. First was the fight made against senate confirmation of Claude R. Wickard, secretary of agriculture, to be director of the Rural Electrification administration. handy pull-oleavSfij Second was the action of the sensimple constructs 50 the ate committee eliminating made by anv from per cent tariff cut provisions attached to the knife Cf, the reciprocal trade extension bill ried rieht alnr,s w .6 lul and Senator Tobey's subsequent It to fun to cut with dear nln fat ""PCtl "Five of lobbyists charge round bottoms and round heads" perched outside the senate doors, 1i -J im x . ut ams,7'it and, i UATIP. raiiern 281 rtv iuxc for Third, and probably more amaz- pattern! all on the and for parti the sides of the ing, the annexation of a rider n senate bill extending the OPA price ssembly directions, k and oUrectlonsT, control bill for another year, which materials wusn lor both pieces of would scrap the parity principle Pattern 281. send 15 centsS'' fixing farm prices and institute a address direct to: s plan instead. All three of these events were L;TH wtkh mm RS; of vital Interest to the farmers in that of the nation . . . vital and Enclosa 15 cents for Patters they affected the every-da- y St economic life of every farmer hit at his pocket-boo- k in America Address. and his way of life. The fight on Mr. Wickard devel-spe- d into a party fight and, after three days of hearings, tne senate committee voted 11 to 6 for The Wickard" appointSNAPPY FACTS I takes ment by President Truman was exy, pected to be a routine affair, when and a lace I Senator Shipstead, H? member of the senate agricultural RUBBER I and forestry committee, asked that VJM Ft-hearings be held. There was plenty tot u hearof testimony in the three-da- y Secreno evidence but against ing, The new government ttr It, tary Wickard. The witnesses either dustry expansion progress P.0i didn't like him, didn't think he Iriskei geared to produce an ad& H1 would make a good director, didn't tienal 21,300 military tiros i jap ol like his politics, but could offer no or 6,000,000 nort i day, evidence his apspecific ltd fc against year. pointment. It S Ti-- .i ,C cost-plu- ... con-drmati- I - 11 Concerned Some two dozen witnesses representing approximately 75 farmers' serving some 80,000 farmers were present to testify against Wickard out of a total of 835 farmers' REA serving 1,250,000 farmers in the nation. Of those testifying, one witness represented 51 REA serv ing 65,000 farmers in Iowa alone. The others were scattered. The result was that Senators Shipstead of Minnesota, Capper of Kansas, Butler of Nebraska, Bushfield of South Dakota, Wilson of Iowa and Cordon of Oregon, all Republicans, voted against Wickard. Two Republicans, Willis of Indiana and Aiken of Vermont, voted with the solid Democratic delegation on the committee. The Rural Electrification administration is probably more important in raising the living standards of agricultural ule in the nation than any other agency. A measure introduced by Senator Lucas .) passed by the senate, and now pending in the house, separates REA from the department of agriculture, placing it on an independent basis and provides $585,000,000 for loans to for the extension of rural electrification. One of the charges against Wickard was that he had "no vision for the future of REA" and that he was against its independence as a governmental agency. In a recent interview, however, Wickard declared he intended to bring electricity to 3,665,000 farm homes m the immediate five-yeperiod after the war and that instead of building short "dead-end- " electric lines, he planned surveys of 20 counties or more at one time and the construction of lines to reach every farmer in the area." Foam rubber Is expected h replace familiar upholder; construction in automobilt seats, saving nearly a foot h the length of the body. Rubber springs already In us perimentally for automobile ipring and In actua I operation on ifrnt cars, may speed all whotltra portation and greatly ding Incrww ri- comfort. (D-Ill- Wherry and T"VUE tn rfietarv indiscretions, das ofdrinkingwaterorsuddoictaip in weather can be quickly relieved J Wakefield'sBlackberry Balsam. For years a household remedy. Sold it drug stores. Be sure to ask for grama LJ tatao! UtfiaH Here's a Cost-Plu- s Senator Shipstead, Senator gineered to together with Wherry enthe cost-plu- s farm price amendment to the OPA measure. It Dy the time this in u Wi" have t?6 USeJ SaS .) ate (adoptionamendment, the caught but its sen-- ion leaders asleep and administratis an n of what could easily happen in a legislative There has been considerable jam. talk lately about this procedure to meagre farm prices. it has appeared in th! open. Edward A. O'Neal branded indi-catio- SENSIBLE refieve HI MONTHLY FEMALE PAIS E. Plnkham's VegeUbls WJ pound la famous not ouly periodic pain but also ccomaJ nervous, tired, hlghstrung when due to functional montnu "; turbances. Taken reKUlarly- -T build up resistance against toms. Plnkham's Compound JfJ,Jr turel Follow label directions. rydla ftJ: Z aDie and highly inflationary " indASeUdghhfeS;dent Truman ls rider as lonl ago as 1939 of the he him- - of- intro- duction in police work was in Sing Sing prison in New York state In Addressing the Missouri 1903. Then on September 24, 1904, i939R. W. McClaughry, warden of the U. S. penitentiary at Leavenworth, meat are Kan., was granted authority to fin- markets Ulre world and five gerprint prisoners, days lathe world ?"' er the St. Louis police department these stored, the inaugurated crops system under suL pervision of a British officer from Scotland Yard. ' isXr - woSX'tTand"? .r. Get Into Action for Full Victory! IT. DSt iiole Seek. ght Sght toe. 1 I |