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Show LEHI FREE PRESS, LEW. UTAH Shelves of Spools For Your Trinkets Penicillin, Latest Triumph of Medical Research, Marks Another Long Step Toward Distant Goal Released by Western Newspaper Union. PAYING OCR SHARE OF WAR'S EXPENSES I WELL REMEMBER what a feeling of resentment I had when I first learned, in France in 1918, that we were paying import duties, both port and provincial, on all war supplies, other than arms and ammunition, used by American troops fighting in World War I. We paid not only import duties but we paid rent for the ground our soldiers occupied; we paid for the trenches our troops took over when they relieved French armies. I found, in time, that these and many other items were justified by the fact it was our war as well as that of the French. Something of the same thing is happening in this war. In Australia we pay rent for the ground occupied by American troops, rent for the highways over which they march. Again it is our war as well as that of the Australians. In French New Caledonia we have erected extensive fortifications, built extensive airfields that we may protect this French island colony. Doing all such things are war necessities and we must do them, regardless. But it would seem we so far as might be a bit the building of airfelds is concerned. We might justifiably lay claim to the right of American commercial planes to land on those fields when the war is over. We have not. What is true in Australia' and the South Seas is also true in Iceland, England, the French colonies in Africa, in Egypt and the Near East. We have spent hundreds of millions of dollars on these war necessities, value should but the It should take not be all but a bit of insistence now to make those fields available to American planes when peacetime comes. That is what the other fellow would do if the conditions were reversed. What we have done as a war measure will but place world commercial aviation in the hands of England, France and other nations when the war is over. Tho American taxpayer will have financed the flying fields of the world from which American planes can, and possibly will, be barred unless something is done about it in time. hard-boile- d after-the-w- ar one-side- d. RURAL AMERICA RULES ITSELF AGRICULTURE is the basic industry of America. It is the foundation upon which our freedom and prosperity are built and provides the insurance of their continuance. Agriculture is rural America. Our towns and hamlets of 10,000 people and under are the hubs of agricultural sections, the market places and the social and cultural centers for the surrounding farm families. They are a part of that agricultural America; From these rural towns and their surrounding communities come the larger proportion of our college graduates. They represent the cultural progress and development of the nation. From them come leaders in industry, in science, in merchandis ing, in the professions and the cultural arts. They represent approximately 60 per cent of our population. They are morally the cleanest sections of America. Rural soil does not breed graft and political corruption. It does not produce political tricksters. People of these rural sections are demanding recognition in political leadership. Rural people are no longer willing to follow blindly the dictates of the leaders of the largely metropolitan centers. They insist on a place and a part in determining policies and candidates. They insist on recognition as a vital part of America. The political party that recognizes these conditions and meets these demands will poll the greater number of votes. Rural America must, and will, have its place in the sun. TIME CHANGES EVEN WAR DIFFERENT TIMES different wars different conditions. My personal experiences go back as far as war of 1898. that little, Then the private soldier received $13 a month. A benevolent government did not look after Mary and the kids. They went home to Mother for the duration or did the neighbor's washing. To go from here to there the soldier walked. There were no jeeps. For eats he had canned bully and the "y" Fhould have been omitted beef or salt pork with dried beans, hardtack and coffee. There was no such thing as turkey and fixings for any meal at any time. Yes, conditions have changed since '98 and since 1918, in many wayi for the better. But war is still hell. AN AFTERMATH OF WAR is the disregard of human life which war breeds. The penalty is an increased prison population. ANOTHER SUMMERTIME is coming. Another need for help in food production which the school boys can assist in meeting. AMBITION IS COMMENDABLE you are willing to work to achieve it, but not so commendable when you attempt to attain it through the efforta of the other fellow. If medicinal constituent of cinchona, the wrinkled brown bark found by the Spaniards in Peru in 1630, and most effective in treating malaria. Louis Jacques Thenard who found boric acid and hydrogen peroxide. ), Frederick Belding Powder who worked on development of oil of peppermint and wintergreen, and also oil of chaulmoogra, a 'Magic' Germ Killer Was Discovered by Fortunate Accident (1777-185- 7) (1853-1927- By AL JEDLICKA Released by Western Newspaper Union. It is back in 1929. Prof. Alexander Fleming of London discovers that a mold growing in a container which he is using in research has killed certain germs. Although Professor Fleming does not enter into a thorough investigation of the phenomenon, he takes the time to make a note of it, sug gesting that maybe the moid could destroy germs in human infections. -- THESE graceful corner se've. are ten inches wide and seven inches deep at the bottom, A rK Lttt5to r ti-ment of hormones for treatment of glandular deficiencies in 1901. with mi the introduction of coal-ta- r synthetic 1893 drugs in 1884 and thyroxin in By grouped between. The 'Magic' Drug. Released by Western Newspaper Union. The climatic and currently most interesting exhibit, of course, is the BICKERING OVER one dealing with the growth of peni- SOLDIER VOTES cillin, from a mold to a refined WASHINGTON. Mr. Roosevelt s advice liquid containing the drug which al-- quaint quest for soldier-vot- e amone the state governors (mostly . Republican outside the Soutb) may I hkc a have sounded attempt to be more than fair about this thing. But it did not ' si so appear to the governors. :j ati i Frankly, in the true political ! , cloakof the congressional mosphere rooms, the move also was recogf i nized as an effort to put the Resoldier-vot- e publican governors on the spot, to make them shoulder responsibility for whatever vote the soldiers get. making Mr. Roosevelt appear to be the champion of the soldier against state and congressional resistance. It did not work out that way. The governors apparently sensed what was afoot and gave him replies which left the only spots of the problem before his eyes, not under their PaulNallonJ - a 4 ' V J . , , . ' s - ed -- . ... JWwe.:.r. - . v v ''-t- Other English scientists go to work on the mold and in 1940 find it effective in human treatment. Penicillin, the magic drug, has been discovered, and like so many great other discoveries, by chance. Penicillin is not the greatest nor the final discovery in medicine, but it is the latest and among the most effective, momentarily climaxing medicine's long, steady march forward on the path of alleviating man's pain. Sought by king and commoner alike, penicillin has proven its use fulness in the treatment of streptococcus pyogenes, a germ that causes pus and promotes diseases like septic sore throat, childbed fever and erysipelas; of staphylococcus augerm reus, another found in boils and in infections of the bone ; of the pneumonia and diphtheria germs; of the organisms that cause gonorrhea, gas gangrene, meningitis and syphilis. In Chicago's modern Museum of Science and Industry at the foot of Lake Michigan in Jackson Park, Dr. Milan Novak, head of the department of bacteriology and public health of University of Illinois college of medicine, has established a public exhibit demonstrating the processes in the present produc- 0 I yi. pus-formin- g tion of penicillin. The penicillin exhibit is just one of many in the museum's medical section, which is under direction of Dr. E. J. Carey, dean of the Mar- medical school, Milwaukee, Wis. In this section, we are given a graphic picture of man's gradual development of curative remedies from the early uses of vegetable and mineral substances. Seven Benefactors. One exhibit pictures seven great men and their works which have given mankind boundless relief from its physical illnesses: Karl Wilhelm Scheele who discovered chlorine, the constituent of common compounds like salt; tartaric acids, which make fruits taste sour; manganese, the metallic element necessary for plant development, and oxygen, the most universal of all elements. Pelletier and Caventou, who in 1820 extracted quinine, the active quette university (1742-'86- ), Prof. Alexander Fleming, discoverer of penicillin, is shown with a bottle holding cultures of penicillium notatum, as he converses with two visiting Turkish doctors in his London laboratory, where be made the remarkable experiments. source of certain chemical compounds for use in treating leprosy. who Bernard Courtois isolated iodine in 1811, when he observed that washings from seaweed ashes gave off purple vapors when treated with sulphuric acid, and then turned into crystals which contained the element, now so useful in medicine. who disAntoine Bilard covered bromine in 1828. Moderns as well as oldsters find the museum's replica of the 19th century American apothecary shop an interesting contrast to the present, streamlined drug store. To say the least, the old apothecary shop ranked as a colorful spectacle as well as a popular medicinal center, what with its big, square jars of black zingiber, white zinc sulphide, reddish tincture of serpent and gold spirits odoratus. Drawers contained emery, talcum, manna, creta and iris. Of interest is the 19th century doctor's bulky, varnished medicine case which he carried in his saddlebag as he made his rounds through the country. In the case, one can find quinine, turkey rhubarb, essence of peppermint, fire of magnesia, essence of ginger and tincture of orange peel. On the counter of the apothecary shop stands a box of herbal smoking mixture for cure of catarrh, bronchitis, asthma, hay fever, lung disease, coughs, hoarseness, ulcerated throat and all pulmonary complaints, the customer merely being asked to smoke and inhale it. Hard by the replica of the old apothecary shop, we find a drug exhibit depicting 19th century medicinal advances, from the discovery of alkaloids in 1816 to the develop- (1777-1838- ), (1802-'76- ), The first time the rare drug was ever released for civilian use was in the case of Patricia Malone, New York city girl, who was suffering from the staphylococci type of septicemia. The army jave enough penicillin to halt the disease, when appealed to by a New York two-year-o- ld newspaper. ready has become an awesome, magical byword. Step by step, the exhibit demonstrates the processes of producing penicillin : First, there's the stock culture, with a mold similar to but not identical with green molds found on fruits or cheese, shown growing on e base containing sugar. Second, the spores (seeds) from the stock culture are transferred to a nutrient solution containing sugar, and they germinate into white woolly plants. In three days, the mold covers the surface of the liquid. This mold creates penicillin, which collects in the nutrient but not in the mold plants. Third, as the mold plants mature, their color changes from white to n because of the development of numerous spores (seeds). At this stage, the solution contains a maximum amount of penicillin and the culture is ready for collection. If allowed to become too old, the penicillin in the liquid loses some of its strength. Fourth, the first step in collecting the penicillin is to remove the mold growth from the liquid by filtration, since the plant itself contains none of thre drug. The liquid thus filtered possesses small amounts of penicillin. An elaborate process of extraction and absorption is used to concentrate and remove the penicil lin from the liquid. Fifth, the purification process removes objectionable substances. If n left in its solution form, penicillin loses some of its strength, but is relatively stable as a powder, into which it is converted by commercial production. When penicillin is to be injected into a patient, it is dissolved. A hypodermic syringe is used for intramuscular injection, and if intravenous injection is desired, a blood transfusion apparatus is used. Penicillin must be tested regularly for strength. In the cup method, melted agar is uniformly inoculated with test bacteria, which cannot grow in the presence of penicillin, and is placed in a round dish to solidify. Small glass cylinders are put in the solidified agar and filled with a penicillin solution, which then seeps outward into the infected mold. The test bacteria grow and cloud the agar, except where their growth is stopped by the penicillin. The size of the clear zone is proportional to the strength of the penicillin. If penicillin is hard to get, it's because its production is limited by its growth. From a large batch of the nutrient solution only a relatively small amount of penicillin is obtainable. As yet no synthetic method to produce the drug on a mass-scal- e has been developed, and until some such process is installed, the civilians' share will be strictly determined by the military and naval services' needs. jell-lik- gray-gree- yellow-brow- Until Synthetic Method Is Devised, Production Of Penicillin Will Remain Slow and Costly Brought doubly into the limelight oy frequent dramatic uses of the drug, penicillin has been made available in cases where the patient would respond to it. Dr. Austin E. Smith, secretary of the council on pharmacy and chemistry of the American Medical association, said. Because of its comparative scarcity, Dr. Smith stated, unlimited use of penicillin has not been permitted, and in cases where other drugs., like the sulfonamides for r-?- so d leasuring. The spools and shelves now rr practically welded togethti se RUN BOTH ENDS OF WIRE DOWN THRootJfl WIND ttiiil BUN 'END- SIqP THROUGH SIDE SPOOLS with new easy-to-us- e types of glue, rhe wire or cord is then run through, as shown here, so that the shelves may be hung in a corner ready to hold articles weight. of NOTE Mrs. Spears has designed in y pattern for these three curved corner shelves which ar In This size. pattern also conjraduated tains complete directions fur cutting and as well shelves as a pattern these loining tor another larger set of spool shelves. Ask for pattern No. 255 and enclose 11 cents. Address : ictual-siz- e grace-!ull- MRS. RUTH WYETH SPEARS New York Bedford Hills Drawer 10 Enclose 15 cents for Pattern No 255. Name Address plant FERRY'S SEEDS Msk your bock yard a battiegrouac' for food by pUatiaa Ferry's Seed. Ob display at your local Ferry's dealer. FERRY-MORS- SEED CO. E SAN ftANQSCO DETROIT far. CANT not know, and I oannot find More dependable aspirin' who here any political authority than genuine purs SU Joseph Aspirin, BaUer to. even pretends world's largest at lOr. Why pcy autre? Big 1UO tablet size for only 3HPersonally, I suspect more depends on the army and navy generals than on what kind of a law apDONT LET plies. If they actively go out and furnish ballots of any kind to soldiers and collect these, large numSLOW YOU UP bers will vote; otherwise, no law When bowels are sluggish and you will get in that vote in bulk. feel irritable, headachy, do as millions Perhaps the most important feathe modem do -c- hew ture of the bill was an unobserved laxative Simply chew chewing-gubefore you go to bed, provision. It would restrict any service officer or executive official from taking only in accordance with packags directions sleep without being disissuing campaign speeches to solturbed. Next morning gentle, thorough diers, and forbid broadcasts sponreKfcf, helping you feel swell again. Try Tastes good, is handy sored or paid for by the governand economical. A generous family supply ment concerning political argument or material. FEEH-MllNT- lo In fact, all news reports of politi cal speeches and activity would have to be divided even between all presi7 Miles Up and Down aenuai canaiaates entered in six states or more. The penalty for vio New York's Empire State buildlations would be $1,000 fine and a ing has seven miles of elevator year in jail. This would certainly shafts. hamper materially the freedom of fourth term campaigners in charge oi soldier news distribution. BUT MONEY I do faster-aotia- g, - CONSTIPATION FEEN-A-MIN- FEEN-A-MIN- T FEEN-A-MIN- BACKACHE INDIVIDUAL SPENDING' VS. GOVERNMENT SPENDING Some economic authorities and readers have asked how it would be possible to work out in detail the theory of "individual spending" as a replacement for government spending in a postwar program. There are a thousand and one ways. All the government would have to do would be to adopt this policy and then pursue it in all possible democratic ways. The development of methods to 8G for fast diuretic aid WHEN KIDNEY FUNCTION LAGS from this need Functional kidney disturbance dne toe may cause abb,nufaL achel May cause urinary Bow to be rra may yet scanty and smarting! lose sleep frm "getting up nifihts otten may xeei oizzy, ucrrwu, kit of diuretic aid encourage private spending in slack business times, and discourage it in times of plenty, could rest primarily kidmy sctitn JsU Se if there is nothing on taxation. ny sysiemically r organically wrong, Special allowances could be grantgold Medal Caaailes. They've been aw ed for constructive expenditures mous for onxaot action for JO years. care to sue tfcea oaly as directed. Acctps sucn as home building, home imoo substitutes. 35 at your drug and business provement plant expansion when the national income has dropped below a certain figure. Special extra taxes could go into effect, tending to retard boomlike businesses, when national income FAMILY BSE luw diaper -h. rises above a certain figure. In fact, the whole structure of income taxation could be Boy War Savings Bonds geared to promoting a balanced economic flow. The great spenders of the country . YOU WOMEH WH SUFFER FR3K are the great business firms. Their natural tendency is to expand with good business beyond their long range necessities and then wail at If no suffer trow bot flashes, unused plants when business falls weak. Dermis, cranky feeHnBs, f off. A wise government would to tM a bit Mm at time-d- ne get them into planning directly, in additunettonal "midrfke-airtion to tax lures. peculiar to woaien try LyltaJi Hnkbanrt VegotaMa Coropouna Government loan policies also to relieve audi symptom. Taken could be adjusted to this purpose. retrularry Plnkham'a Compwuno If Jesse Jones and his RFC shut helps btrfM up resistance P"7 iTf,' down on loans in good peacetimes such distress. It Help Abo a fine tomacbio tonic. Foland entered upon them as slackenlow label directions. ing becomes noticeable, it would ITRfS F HVKHflM'S have a powerful effect. fa- 1 MEIICATEl.Sn r- M Wm in- stance, are effective, authorities have insisted on employing them instead. Until synthetic production of penicillin is developed, its manufacture will continue a costly and cumbersome process. At the start of the - .bout eight firms were producing quantities of penicillin, and the total was expected to be expanded to 20. feet. In effect, a majority told him they eoinff ahead with plans for state-votin- g of soldiers if the arrny in distriband navy would uting the ballots, implying that both he and the congressional bill were of considerable importance to them. The depths of his resulting difficulty is evident in the action of his congressional leaders. They held back the bill five days after its final enactment. This extended to 15 days his opportunity of musing over the governors' replies and making up his mind whether to sign or veto. HOW WILL THEY VOTE? Now the solitary truth of all this backing and pulling is that no one actually knows much about how many soldiers are going to vote, or for whom. From Mr. Roosevelt's actions to date, you would judge he expects them to vote for him, and that more will vote for him if he collects the ballots than if the governors do. There is some evidence to sustain this belief, but nothing conclusive. I recently saw a letter from an officer in the South Seas who said 75 per cent of the officers were against Roosevelt, 65 per cent of the privates for him. It may stand something like that, although the army seems extremely critical of labor who are the backand bone of the fourth term movement he right size to hold the quaint match holder, the :hina doll head and other interest, jig trinkets that you have been e" fcMMKtafceJMMg throat itVimWHt This tiny sealed vial contains Florey units of penicillin. 10,-0- 00 P? XKo |