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Show LEHI FREE PRESS. LEHI. UTAH 1 ItfSv " r- Increase in Acreage of Hybrid Corn Is Proving Profitable to U. S. Farmer A1J Reviewed b Hybrid corn, which produces bigger crops on a smaller acreage, has brought to agriculture, for the first time, the industrial technique of standardized parts and mass production. Hybrid is a tough, pugilistic sort of corn. It battles storms and other vicissitudes of the weather successfully. It beats off the attacks of bugs and disease. But most important, it yields from 10 to 25 per cent more per acre than the old types of corn. Moreover, it is of superior quality. Practically unknown to the average farmer five years ago, hybrid corn, it is estimated, will be planted on nearly 20,000,000 acres this spring. Most farmers who have grown hybrid are delighted with the results they have obtained. Few, however, know how or why it came about. It all goes back nearly a century to an old monastery garden in Austria. There Gregor Johann Mendel, peasant by birth, monk and abbot of Brunn, devoted hours of patient research to plant breeding. In time he discovered the rules which govern the inheritance of characters and the way those characters can be separated by inbreeding. In 1865 he published a monograph entitled "Research on Hybridization." The paper attracted little attention. It was not until 1900, or 16 years after Mendel's death, that interest was kindled in his startling discovery. Testing Mendel's Theory. Then scientists in this country began to use corn to test out Mendel's theories. G. H. Shull, at the Carnegie experiment station, E. M. East at the University of Illinois, end Donald F. Jones at the University of Connecticut, did the pioneer work. They found that by breeding a corn plant to itself ("selfing" by fertilizing the silks of a plant with pollen from the same plant) strains were developed that looked poor but did amazing things when crossed with another inbred strain. Doctor Jones paved the way for the modern hybrid industry by suggesting, in 1919, the method now generally used for combining inbred lines into hybrid combinations known as "double crosses." First step, as has been pointed per calls the running row between Secretary Ickes and myself a racket, saying "There's fees in them thar' "feThis is only partly true. The the ud" never gets as hot as fans lie, for two reasons,1 (1) I Lke the secretary; (2) while abominate his oratorical and other so far misgivings, I think he is by the best secretary of the interior that we have had that there isn t CHICAGO. blood-thirsti- V V V v IL., J W. ...... A er y ,'J....,.,,..i iimiimi niii "' in s iiini (i hi ' h I'T livestock exposition, is congratulated out, is "selfing." The breeder starts with a good ear from some standard, productive variety. After planting, he covers the shoots with a paper bag before the silks are exposed. When the tassels start to shed their pollen, the silks are carefully fertilized and then kept covered so that no other pollen can reach them. Result Is Amazing. Next step is to cross these The result of this "single cross" is startling. For some reason that science cannot yet explain, the offspring of these runty inbreds is an amazingly strong, vigorous and large plant. Then the breeder takes two single crosses which tests have proved to be good and crosses them. This "double cross" is a combination of four inbred parents. Again the tedious process of trial and error is repeated until the breeder finally gets a combination that includes high yielding ability, strong roots, stiff stalks and a high quality ear with a mysterious vigor, that results from by his friends. hybridization. Now the standard parts are available for marketing to the farmer as commercial hybrid seed. Mass production is the next step. Fertilization Important. One of the important results of the switch to hybrid is the change it has wrought in the attitude of many farmers toward fertilization. Statisticians have figured out that 50 bushels of corn (not a remarkably high yield as hybrids go) removes about 75 pounds of nitrogen from the soil. It takes out about 21 pounds of phosphorus and about 41 pounds of potash. Bigger yields naturally make even greater demands on the soil's fertility. Thus, remarkable as hybrid seed is, it has to be accompanied by a program of soil management and the use of fertilizer if results, in tha form of high production, are to be maintained. Only then is there a satisfactory replacement of the essential plant food elements which hybrid corn removes from the soil. well-round- CCZ2T v M w y xj'n IN H - If 1 j (igk f; - iftiit-- In recent years, however, much guess-wor- k has been taken away. With the rise of aviation, the general interest in upper air conditions has increased and aircraft have made it possible to obtain upper air observations more frequently and in more localities than formerly with sounding balloons and kites. The radiosonde, a miniature broadcasting station with a parachute attachment which weighs less than two pounds, has come into quite general use for the recording of pressure, temperature and humidity in the upper atmosphere. This robot weather observer is sent aloft attached to a carrier balloon from the decks of floating weather bureau stations on two coast guard cutters in and from the grounds of six airports in the country. The radiosonde sends back signals which give the temperature, air pressure and humidity at all heights reached by the of the by Mark has through the years become so traditional and so often repeated that most of us are inclined to agree that the weather is something we can't do much about. However, in our deep appreciation of the sagacity of the immortal Mark Twain we lose sight of the fact that the weather forecaster is just about the bravest man in the world when he makes a forecast for tomorrow's weather. Eliminated. He has about as much information to go on as the doctor who receives a telephone call from a man who Eays he "has a temperature" and wants the good doctor to tell him whether he has measles or meningitis. The weather forecaster's diagnosis must be based to a Jarge extent upon the surface weather map, and this map gives comparatively meager information of the at- "balloon. Aids Weather Forecasts. mospheric conditions at the higher The ocean observations, which bealtitudes where most of our weather is produced. gan only recently, are of great value k mid-Atlant- By Thomas "I have come to Texas bearing gifts rich gifts not a few of them . . . and you never thought of calling me He related also " a how he went into Texas and pulled the oil industry out of mess "that you yourself had created. This is pretty terrible. Kowtow to The federal government has no money that it doesn't take out of the states. If they were permitted to exercise their own taxing and spending power, they could control both by their own votes. By permitting the federal government to do it for them, state officials escape their own responsibilities but they surrender their own authorities. They have to come kowtowing to unelected federal and s to get back Ickensian their own, and then have to suffer the impertinence and political whip cracking of those same political who remind them taskmasters, threateningly of the "rich gifts" the bureaucrats "come bearing" which they do like the Greeks. This kind of thing is perilously close to being a kind of personal political extortion. It reveals the from peril to local federal assumption of local rights and responsibilities and from lump sum appropriations by billions to appointed officers without legislative allocation. carpet-bagger.- Pooh-Bah- s. TIN AND RUBBER SUPPLIES Several years ago Mr. B. M. on the basis of his World war i imiiii ill himn mm airn tn a THERE IT GOES After weath-e- r observations are complete, they are immediately radioed to Washington. to the weather bureau, especially along the Atlantic coast. Since last fall, when war broke out in Europe and ships of nearly every European nation ceased sending weather information, the bureau has been seriously handicapped in making forecasts of value to ocean commerce. This observational work, which is gradually expanding into a network of observing stations, yields weather service for all types of uses. The basic observations are the same whether the specific forecast is for use of the aviator, the mariner, or the farmer. Everett Mitchell, radio announcer on the National Farm and Home hour, has been telling the farmers of the nation that "It's a Beautiful Day in Chicago" every day for years and years, but they know his weather report is just a little white lie. The farmers, like the mariners and aviators, still look to the weather bureau for their authentic weather reports. Mark Twain, notwithstanding, there are few human activities which can boast complete indifference to weather, present or future. Navy Man Piloted Plane Disappearing Sales Tax Tokens Present Real Mystery In First U. S. Air Flight DENVER. What happens to all to manufacture and circulate. NORFOLK, VA. Capt. Patrick N. L. Bellinger, commanding officer of the United States naval air station here, piloted the first airplane struck by bullets in combat. While flying over Vera Cruz during the Mexican trouble in 1914, Bellinger's Curtiss seaplane was hit by bullets fired by ground troops. Bellinger also is believed to be the first aviator to attack enemy soldiers from the air. - j lum. sa may be used to cut them out, auj when painted they become attrac-liv- e ornaments for your lawn, scottie comes on The pattern Z9087, 15 cents. "Please 14-in- WNT Service.) PLEASE , WASHINGTON -- Outside of air-(he industrial; planes and trucks, as a preparedness of this country more , been has orders war result of i. a Ann to date. Incidentally, tie armv has shown itself pathein its tically inferior to the navy Hill. Somehow on Capitol strategy j,iroic nrp much more enect,ve than the generals. You don't catch the admirals, lor making speeches to the USE WAL country sayingis that everything that the fine navy is in tip-to- p and' of the sales tax tokens in America? weieht in wild- -' cats, or Nazis, or what have you. No, whenever you hear an admiral talking in public, or for that matter in private, he is bewailing the fact that the navy's battleships are "I know that every man and womState Treasurer Charles Arm- an in the state isn't running around tokens jingling in his or strong of Colorado has admitted with 33 that he couldn't solve the mystery in her pockets," Armstrong said. "So his own state, or in the nation. what happens to them?" In circulation or elsewhere in Some of the missing millions of Colorado alone there are 36,691,500 tokens are in cash registers, Armof the little aluminum discs, the strong guessed, and quite a few treasurer said in a report. He point- have been taken into other states ed out that was 33.5 tokens for ev by tourists. He said he supposed a ery man, woman and child in the . few thousand more were in the vest state. They cost the state $69,383 pockets of worn-ou- t suits." Use Walk" and "Keep Off Grass" are both given. signs rrt ine overaun iooy is about 2$ inches tall, and may be had by ordering Z9089, 15 cents. Select one or both of these clev er cutout figures. General cutout directions, as well as specific getting pretty old, that at least three Woodring of them could not figure in a battle line because their each pattern. Send order to: big guns have not sufficient elevation, or that because of this or that AUNT MARTHA reason the navy simply does not Box Kansas City, Mo. to have enough money spend. Secretary ItC-- When you are hungry for news. Ba-ruc- HERE IT IS Here signals from VP SHE GOES The radiosonde, t miniature broadcasting station, the radiosonde are being recorded being sent aloft from the bridge of with special equipment aboard the cutter. l Coast Guard cutter. Guess-Wor- -- GENERALS DO GOOD JOB. The generals seem to do a pretty good job when they are talking to small subcommittees on Capitol Hill, in executive session. They, even make converts in the senate and house who strive zealously to do things for the army. But the admirals go right to the public with their story, and are in no whit inferior to the generals when it comes to their committee appearances and their individual contacts with the national legislators. Of course this time, and for the last two or three times for that matter, the army has been handicapped by the known difference in view between the secretary of war and the This assistant secretary of war. feud has run much longer than most of the spectacular feuds in federal administrations. Washington has expected for years that President Roosevelt would .eliminate either Harry H. Woodring, the secretary, or Louis Johnson, the assistant secretary. There are lots of theories as to why he has not removed one or the other, but none seem com- pletely satisfying. experience in economic warfare, began to urge on this government the need for accumulating reserve supplies of tin and rubber materials absolutely necessary for our defense which at present come from halfway round the world sources which may possibly be threatened if the war spreads. These sources are in British, French and Dutch hands. A little later when our supplies of cotton he began to pile up threatening advocated trading surplus cotton, which those three countries need and do not produce, for their surplus rubber and tin. Chance for Barter. Now the British and French are becoming increasingly dependent on us as a base of supplies. Our laws prohibit our selling to them except for cash. There is a great commotion among our interventionists to relax these laws sooner or later to buy for us a stake in the war. That is going to be a difficult bill of goods to sell to the American people. We did that once before. But are there not here the mutual elements of accommodation? Our government can deal with the problem of paying for great reserves of tin and rubber in one of several ways. It can ship them cotton controlled by our government, or it can advance them credits to purchase other munitions against shipment here of tin and rubber in equal value. Wiser Than Burying Gold. As to the wisdom from our standpoint of doing this, it is certainly far better for us to pile up such a strategic war material as tin or rubber, neither of which deteriorates in storage, than to keep on filling holes in the ground in Kentucky and at West Point with gold and silver. The former has some justification. We learn from Mr. Berle of the state "Hepartment that we can at least give it away to aid the na tional casualties of the struggle in Europe. But the silver is no longer . of military value. Enclose IS cents for each patters desired. Pattern No Name Address Our Faults To acknowledge our faults when we are blamed, is modesty; to discover them to one's friends in ingenuousness, is confidence; but to preach them to all the world, if one does not take care, is pride, Confucius. Kills Many Insects ON FLOWERS FRUITS VEGETABLES & SHRUBS 4051 Demand original $oaM The navy, in this administration, bottles, from yourdeofer has been aces from the first. The President himself was more directly g interested, because of his Unknown Strength love of the sea. Although men are accused for MIX WAR AND POLITICS not knowing their own weakness, With most wait- yet perhaps as few know their ing to hear from II Duce whether own strength. Swift. i, or pro-allthey are to be continue neutral, and with a much larger percentage of German-American- s life-lon- Italo-America- y, pro-Naz- nV j By WILLIAM NUGENT WASHINGTON. The famous Twain Bell Syndicate ;y?v,,v nt h i - i - r HYBRID WINS CROWN C. E. Troyer of LaFontaine, Ind., whose r i could whip its1 hybrid corn won him the "corn king" title at last year's international I. tions. 'J Pooh-Bah- 'A. AW' two rnore -- practical and decorativ, cutouts which we offer to yon These designs are to be traced oa . . generals tell the senate rebe Europe's quarrels trill elec flected in United States condition Robot Observer Aids U. S. Weather Forecasters f. . v i r. are iiE.nr. pinurea new w 1 is wallboard, plywood or thin Army preparedness ber. Jig, coping or keyhole lack funds, of hampered by any runner-up- . That does not mean that I cannot comment on some of Donald Duck s quackier utterances. He frequently goes to Chicago to tell that city what a boon he has been to it by "giving it a subway" and the "greatest sewage disposal plant in the world." 'Carpetbagger' in Texas. The original Texas Garnente, instance, Amon Carter, called him a "carpetbagger." In the manner of his woo ing of Chicago, Mr. Ickes replied open-pollinat- . CARTER FIELD WASHINGTON.-Vox-Pt.p- mJTn NATIONAL AFFAIRS GENERAL JOHNSON ICKES 'BEARS GIFTS' By JEROME MARKIIAM (Released by Western Newspaper Union.) .jO Can't Eat, Can't than fervently most observers suspect, the presidential and congressional campaign Gas now under way is precisely what certain statesmen back in 1920 PRESSES HEART eonll dreaded if the United States should I "Git oa my stomach mt to bsd oa not eat deep. It tnn teemed to presi join the League of Nations. Adlerika. A friend lugiested mjr heart. It would seem as if this country first dose brought me relief.. Now I wish, sleep fine, and never felt better. is being torn internally by EuroMra. Jas. Filler. Adlerika acta on BOTH pean quarrels almost as much as upper and lower bowels. Adlerika givee your intestinal eystem S real cleansing, bnnginj if it had joined the League. have oaused OAS cat waste matter that Another surprise to some of the BLOATING, aour may atomach, head'" nervousness, and sleepless nights. Adlenita men who fought and beat Americontains five carminatives and three laiauves can participation in the League is to give a more BALANCED result. JmtoM usually relieves GAS and that apparently Woodrow Wilson spoonfulAdleriU doea not gripe, ii not moii was absolutely right, and the forming. Sold at aU drug stores reservationists absolutely wrong, about Article 10. It will be recalled that Article 10 was the one Boaster's Gold which provided that if any nation "All my goods are of silver and should attack another and refuse even my copper kettle, to submit the quarrel to arbitration gold, the boaster. of the League, all members of the says pro-Hitl- Sleep, Awful oomtips-tio- League would be obligated to furnish troops or ships or both to bring the aggressor to terms. IDEA IF HAD WON But suppose Wilson's idea of the had been carried out! League There would have been no aggression by Japan in China. There would have been no ennnnee t Ethiopia by Italy. Albania would still be free. There been no Munich, and no Europi ean war. .S not by any means to say that if the United States had ratified the Versailles treaty, without reservations, and become an active member of the League of Nations, ail these aggressions would been prevented. If Wilson's have ideas had been carried out, yes, but there is plenty of doubt that the would have been any more League with the United States a vigorous member he"mieht even be a fairly grounded suspicion that the United n0t have sent oops c W?ld prevent the conquest EthiPia. or Poland, called on by the to After all, the United St.tL do S' entry forgot aU about a solemn treatv" naa witn Korea when Jar, . ' an nexed that country. S ? -- ' Salt Lake's NEWEST HOTEL N4V!WKi;.v.v.t til... fif Hotel TEMPLE SQUARE Opposite Mormon Temple HIGHLY RECOMMENDED Rates$1.50ro$3.00 fp mark of distinction to at thit beautiful hostelry KHNKST C ROSSITER, Ma It'l n. |