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Show LEHI FRESS PRESS, LEHI, UTAH - SEEN and HEAR around tfie CICADA KILLERS NATIONAL CAPITAL By Carter Field FAMOUS WASHINGTON WASHINGTON. A very i WHO'S NEWS "J i PERSONAL Sal, mexper.Tchar? THIS promi-te- nt All-Americ- an '""r Waterway Development of an waterway in lieu of the St. Lawrence seaway is urged in a letter to Secretary of State Cordell Hull by Commander Eugene F. McDonald Jr. McDonald was a member of the MacMillan polar expedition. "Many years' experience," McDonald wrote Secretary Hull, "in navigation of the salt and fresh waters of the world, from within 11 degrees of the North pole to and beyond the equator, prompts this letter to you. "Recently, while returning from a 12,900-mil-e winter cruise through the Caribbean and as far as South DieAmerica, I brought my sel yacht Mizpah through the St. Lawrence waterways to Lake MichI igan and then on to Chicago. have made this same trip many times before, but my recent experience brought again rather forcibly to my mind the St. Lawrence system as it exists today. "Born in Syracuse, N. Y., I have known the Erie and Barge canals since boyhood. For 25 years I have explored the waters of the Great Lakes and their tributaries, and have a deep interest in their development as waterways. I have no personal or commercial interests of any kind at stake. "I hope I am, therefore, able to consider the problems presented by the proposed Great waterways with an informed, but deLead to Monopoly There being no demand for cars, tached and objective, viewpoint. that being the cause of the situa- Enlarge Barge Canal tion, Ford would be forced to do "The conclusions that have forced one of two things. He could either themselves upon me are the followtore his product in the hopes that ing: revival of buying would eventually "1. A deep waterway a ship catake them oil his hands, or he could nal between the Great Lakes and clash prices in order to force the the Atlantic ocean is, unquestioncars out. If he did the latter, he ably, to be desired. Especially is would eventually put all his compet- this true when we consider that, in itors out of business. He would be years of normal crop movement, selling cars below cost, using up some 12 per cent of the total United his surplus, in order to keep his States foreign trade clears through workers employed. But the moment the Great Lakes even with our that times became better he would prasent inadequate waterways. have a tremendous advantage. His "2. Why build this great waterplant would be going under full way thfough Canada, either wholly steam. Big production would have or partially with American money, cut his costs way down. Operation, when more ecothe more instead of idleness, would eliminate nomical, shorter logical, route can be wholthe wastes of a shutdown. He ly an American waterway? I am would be able to slash prices still speaking of enlarging the Barge camore in order to continue going full nal, through New York state, to the blast. of a ship canal. proportions deMeanwhile, especially if the "3. New York city, as a seaport, pression were of some duration, this is closer than the mouth of the St. very activity would have made the Lawrence to all the world markets, resumption of selling by his com- with the exception of Labrador, petitors more difficult. There would Greenland, Iceland, Newfoundland, not be the piled up demand that usu- and northern Europe. ally ends a depression. There would waterway "By this not be hundreds of thousands of per- route Buffalo, Cleveland, Toledo, sons who had run their old cars a Port Arthur, Fort William, Toronto, few years too long. They would Detroit, ChicaMilwaukee, have bought new Fords at the re- go, and all the otherDuluth, Great Lakes duced prices. whether Canadian or Ameri Carried to its logical conclusion. ports can and their tributary territory, the company with a big surplus will be 1,559.3 miles closer to New could thus eliminate its competitors, York and to all the seaports of and" acquire a monopoly in almost the world than they would be by the any field. St. Lawrence route, with, of course, the few exceptions named above. Food for Thought One of the spokesmen for the New From Buffalo to New York, via the Dealers has just written a short ar- Welland canal and the St. Lawrence, 2,066 land miles. Yet it is only ticle predicting government owner- is 506.7 miles from Buffalo to New ship of the steel industry. The arti- York via the Barge canal. cle attracted singularly little atten"The Hudson river is already tion merely because nobody believed it! Actually there is consid- dredged, and available for oceanerable food for thought in it. It going ships, from New York to Aldraft channel. bany, with a statewas far from the route would merement most readers thought. It The showed a study of the steel industry ly entail the deepening and widenhad been made by some of the in- ing of the Barge canal, the installaformants of the writer, and it was tion of new locks, and the removal fixed bridges over a distance of remarkably accurate in predicting of the probable course, as seen by men 362.5 miles, from Buffalo to Albany. inside the steel industry. Another Suggestion For instance, the government has "A still more practical, economibeen seeking for several years to cal, route can be made basing-poibreak down the by merely enlarging the Barge casystem. Actually the basing-poi- nal from Buffalo, or Tonawanda, to system was a lifesaver for the Lockport, and creating a new canal, smaller steel companies. It forced of a length of 12 miles, from Lock-pothe quotation of prices as of certo Olcott, which is on Lake Ontain places, the basing points, the tario. The route then to go through price always being the fixed amount Lake Ontario to Oswego, and enlargplus freight from this basing point. ing the Barge canal from Oswego Naturally, being the biggest of the to Albany. This latter route would steel companies, and a merger of entail the deepening of the Barge many original units, the U. S. Steel canal for a distance of only 213.6 company has plants in more locali- miles, and the creation of a new caties than its competitors. Therefore, nal of 12 miles. with basing-poin- t bidding eliminat"In my opinion, either of these ed, and with all bids submitted pro- shorter, routes can be viding for delivery on freight cars constructed for less than the pro-p- c t the Eteel mill, the company with i deepening of the St. the most widely separated plants waterways. In case of emerhas a tremendous advantage. gency, we would then have an Buyers patronizing it would have waterway to move our to pay only the freight rate from much needed vessels from the Great the mill of that company closest to Lakes to the Atlantic ocean. the point where they proposed to "If a plan such as I have outuse the steel. lined were adopted, it would not be In view of this situation, it is dif- necessary, in order to get some of ficult to understand why the g our vessels to the seaboard, to dissection of the government mantle them and, in fact, actually has been so anxious to break up a cut them in two, as was the case practice wnich actually helped during the last emergency because maintain competition, or at least it of the inadequacy of the present was until this article by a com- waterways. paratively unofficial spokesman. He "Last, but not least, it should be states the only answer that has been borne in mind that because of the made which appeals to the logic of more favorable southern latitude of those who have been wondering the route, it would be about the government's course. open a number of weeks longer each The answer, of course, is that the year than would the Canadian wagovernment is looking ahead of the terway. The low cost of transpor. immediate developments, and plan- tation by the waterning to take over the steel business way is bound to increase business Just ai it has been moving in on and create jobs for the unenv the electric business now for sev- ployed." 185-fo-ot Lakes-to-ocea- n 27-fo- ot d nt nt rt Law-rei.i- .e trust-bustin- eral yean. , i FREE. Writ. Dr. W..dt. CORRESPONDENT New Dealer, Thurman W. Arnold, now the official trust buster of the administration, frequently expresses amazement at the morals md sense of civic duty and mental processes which permit big corporations to cut wages or lay off help If they have a surplus at the time. The curious element about this statement is that it comes from the official trust buster. It involves a very simple question in economics, which anyone who has ever been in business, even if it were a peanut atand, can follow. To dismiss all questions of morality, loyalty to one's employees, and that sort of thing, assume that the Ford Motor company has a huge cash surplus, which it actually has, tut that none of its competitors has, 'which is not true. Also assume that Henry Ford is deeply imbued with the thought that Mr. Arnold thinks he should have. (The writer does not know that Mr. Arnold has ever applied his theory to the automobile Industry. He talks mostly about teel when he is discussing it.) What would happen when the normal situation, which results in cutting pay or laying off workers, develops? Obviously Ford, having a big surplus, would go on producing cars at top speed, while his competitors, in this illustration not having any surpluses on which to draw, would have to close down. half-bake- y v ag Bell Syndicate. WNU Servlca. PHOTOGRAPHY WEEK 1 Ji.. Cnuisfi ROLLS DEVELOPED By LEMUEL F. PARTON YORK. The British lion NEW been taking kicks from allcomers lately, but it stiffened up and began looking a lot more heraldic when the cjent bill of rights Shows Spunk seemed to be Linens Go Mexiccn In Interesting Motifs no In Army Row Jubbger.stamp par. Wasp brings home its dinner a cicada. Wasps and Hornets Are Efficient Destroyers of Our Insect Pests Prepared by National Geographic Society. Waahlngton. D. C WNU Service. have a high After one or value. STINGS with these concealed weapons, the personality of the little is firmly impressed upon you. It is quite proper to regard the sting-wielde- rs as wasps and hornets with respect, not do But shall. they insist you let their potent personalities prejudice you against them. For it is within this group, taken in the broadest sense, that is found the cleverest and most ingenious of all the insects, as well as the most efficient and destructive enemies of our insect pests. The cleverness and ingenuity of wasps take numerous forms. Each of the many thousands of different kinds has its own little specialty which differs more or less from that of every other kind. Among these specialties few are more fascinating than those of the various digger wasps that burrow in the ground and lay up in little chambers food upon which their young subsist. Look closely into the habits of some of the common digger wasps and see what they are doing in that sultry season when you can think only of vacation, for it is then that they display the greatest energy. Familiar to everyone in the hot, still, midsummer days is the monotonous shrill song of the cicada. Hornets Prey on Cicadas. Once in a while one of these monotonous trills stops suddenly. You hear a discordant shriek that startles you for a moment. Then all is the same again the heat and the interminable trills of the cicadas. What has happened? One of Nature's little tragedies. A cicada has been surprised by a cicada-killehas fled shrieking away, and in all probability has been caught and stung, not to death, but into a state of complete helplessness. is one of the The cicada-kille- r largest and most conspicuous, as well as one of the commonest, of burrowing wasps. To many people it is known as a hornet in fact, the hornet and is much feared. But it is not at all aggressive. It resents undue familiarity, of course, but its nature is wholly peaceful except when cicadas are concerned. Cicadas are its only prey. Sometimes you see it flying about a tree, hunting for a victim up among the branches, or pursuing a cicada at high speed through the air. But it is usually noticed dragging a cicada, often much larger than itself, along the ground on the way to its burrow. This nursery is commonly made in the higher and drier portions of lawns, or in sloping grassy banks, and runs to a more or less spheri cal cell about an inch and a half in diameter. The finished nursery usually includes four cells. After each cell is completed the mother wasp goes on a hunting expedition. In bringing the cicada to the cell she frequently hoists her victim laboriously up a tree, from which she flies diagonally down toward her burrow. Thus she saves much time and energy, for dragging a creature as large as a cicada through the grass is a herculean task even for so powerful a wasp. Usually, though not invariably, a second cicada is added to the first. After the cicadas still alive but helpless are stored safely in the underground cell, the wasp places an egg on the body of one of them just under one of the middle legs, then closes the cell with earth. Week's Food for the Grubs. The egg hatches in three days, and the grub feeds on the cicadas for a little over a week. It then makes a cocoon of earth, mixed with enough silk to make it rather dense, and spends the winter inside. In the spring, after passing through the pupa stage, the wasp digs its way out of the ground. that you see The cicada-killer- s walking or flying about a grassy slope are living evidence of the numerous tragedies that have taken place beneath the sod. Only the young of this wasp feed on cicadas. The adults, as is the case with nearly all the wasps, are vegetarians. For many days after emerging from the ground, the ci , r, indolent and peaceful, wander aimlessly about, lapping up cada-killer- s, nectar from the flowers. They are especially fond of the sap of certain trees. If truth must be told, they much prefer this sap after fermentation has transformed it into more or less strong beer. Idle ease, nectar, and beer satisfy these wasps for a few weeks. During this time they display not the slightest interest in cicadas. Then, with the attainment of full bodily development, the females somewhat suddenly become demons of dynam ic energy murderously inclined tocica- ward all cicadas full-fledg- s. are interesting The cicada-killebecause of their great size, and the bulk and power of their victims, It is a thrilling sight to see one of them strike a cicada in full flight and, with its prey, go tumbling to the ground. But their technique is crude effective, but lacking those finer touches that perfect the pic- ture. So let. us consider the most accomplished artists that are found among the digger wasps. How Wasps Use Caterpillars. Rather large, very slender, and wasps commonly are seen early in the summer on wild carrot and other flowers, about decaying fruit, or drinking at the sides of puddles. Indolent and peaceful, they are unsuspicious and slow to take offense. These are young cat- erpillar wasps, for which as yet life means little more than feeding on nectar in full enjoyment of the summer sunshine. g creatures, with Lazy, an air of complete boredom, they could scarcely appear less iterest-in- g or more slothful. But while they are spending their time in frivolous enjoyment they are developing strength and energy and acquiring a knowledge of the world. Energy finally gets the upper hand, and the female forsakes the flowers almost completely. The first thing she does on becoming energetic is to find a patch of bare, stiff soil, more or less protected, and there dig a burrow ending in an enlarged chamber, oval in shape and horizontal. After the burrow is completed the wasp closes the opening with a little stone or a pellet of earth of just the right size, or sometimes with several pellets, filling the hole up level with the ground and often kicking some loose earth over it. Her burrow completed, closed, and concealed from view, she now goes in search of prey caterpillars found on or near the ground. The commonest one prefers green caterpillars much larger than herself. When a caterpillar is discovered the wasp knocks it off the leaf onto the ground. Then, watching her chance, she seizes it with her mandibles near its head and gives it a prolonged sting between two of the earlier segments. This ends the struggle of the caterpillar. The wasp then stings its victim between the other earlier segments and between most or all of the hinder segments. The stinging is followed by a thorough squeezing of the neck between the mandibles all around, this squeezing process lasting for some time. Put in Cleverly Closed Burrow. The caterpillar, reduced to complete inertness and lying extended at full length, is now ready to be transported to the burrow. The wasp turns it on its back; then, seizing it by the throat, lifts its head off the ground and drags it along at a very creditable pace at least when the ground is smooth and the way is unobstructed. The caterpillar is finally brought to the burrow, which is opened and the victim placed inside. Sometimes a single caterpillar is sufficient, but usually two or even more are needed. If more than one is stored, the burrow is always closed after each is placed within it. When the store of caterpillars is complete and the egg is laid, the burrow is permanently closed with the greatest care. Now comes the most interesting part of the whole proceeding. The wasp searches for a little stone of just the right size and shape, and with this held firmly in her jaws she pats the earth down very carefully to obliterate all traces of her rs long-waiste- d Lament which reacted angrily to the army's summary action against young Duncan Sandys, conservative member, who had revealed undue knowledge of air defense secrets. The government was embarrassed and backed up considerably. kickThe swift parliamentary back was an instance of the latent demostaying power of the British cratic tradition, as the representative body rattled the bones of its late and great libertarians in telling the executive where it got off. The row overflows into imporas the tant political tall, handsome, loose - geared Mr. Sandys is both a and political ally of Winston the Churchill who is in a now pogovernment just land. litical There is a threat of conservative defection to the side of the still ambitious and powerful Mr. Churchill, with labor and liberal recruits, and, according to close observers of British politics, some important new alignments may result Mr. Sandys, thirty years old, is stil' jusx a rookie in this league, like Mrs. . and, Sandys Is cow O'Leary's Freshman may not have in- sttart tendtd In Politics anything in particular. He is, however, an energetic and capable young politician and there are those who say he may be another Anthony Eden in a few years. Running for parliament in 1935, he was assailed by the comely young Mrs. John Bailey who was leading the fight for the opposi tion, bhe is a daughter oi Winston s, son-in-la- w pot-shotti- 's x. Churchill. He won the election in a work. 6085. stitches; materials needed. To obtain this pattern, send 15 cents in stamps or coins (coins preferred) to The Sewing Circle, Household Arts Dept., 259 W. 14th St., New York City. Please write your name, address and pattern number plainly. How Women rock-and-so- battle and then, in the chivalrous Eton and Oxford tradition which is his background, he married Mrs. Bailey. She, incidentally, is a granddaughter of the Jennie Jerome of New York who became Mrs. Randolph Churchill and the mother of Winston Churchill. Jennie Jerome's father was one of the fighting editors of the New York Times in the 1860s. Mr. Sandys, studious and somewhat ministerial, was with the diplomatic service until 1933. He is a second lieutenant in the London force, a son of the late Capt. George Sandys. slow-movin- Pattern Let these motifs help you to go gayly Mexican. Mainly in easy outline and single stitch! Pattern 6085 contains a transfer pattern of 2 motifs 4V4 by 5Vt inches; 2 mo tifs 4 by 5V4 inches, 2 motifs 3 by 4V4 inches; 2 motifs 33i by 5y4 inches; 30 inches of 4 inch bor der and 6 motifs SA by l3i inches: color schemes; illustrations of anti-aircra- ft REECE never had any luck in trying to get the Elgin marbles back from England. Judging from this precedent, American aviators in Their 40's Can Attract Men Here's good tdvice for s woman during her change (usually from 88 to 62), who fears he'll lose her appeal to men, who worries bout hot flashes, loss of pep, dizzy spells, Upset nerves and moody spells. Get more fresh air, 8 hrs. Bleep and if yon need a good general system tonic take Lydia E. Pinkham Vegetable Compound, made uptciaUp for women. It helps Nature build up physical resistance, thus helps give mors vivacity to enjoy life and assist calming that jittery nerves and disturbing symptoms often accompany change of life. WELL WORTH TRYING! Snubber Harmed How much a .snub harms the one who does the snubbing! It often urges on to success the one who is hurt. Dale Carnegie. Wright Plane ahead in trngto Sought by bring back from U. S. the Flyers Kensington Science museum in London the Wright brothers' airplane of the historical Kitty Hawk crow-ho- p of December 17, 1903. Such will be the endeavor of the newly formed association of men with wings. They will appeal to Orville Wright, who let the plane go to England in 1928, after the Smithsonian ' institution had tagged the Samuel P. Langley plane as "the first machine capable of flight carrying a man." There is as yet no word from Mr. Wright, who lives and works somewhat aloofly in his office and laboratory at Dayton, Ohio. That twelve-seconflight put him in the history books, brought him a string of honorary degrees and gathered mote medals than his plane could lift, but all this was marred by the misunderstanding about who flew first. He had been trained in science at Earlham college when he and his brother made their plane in a He continued his bicycle shop. studies in aerodynamics and his lat-- I er contribution was the stabilizing system which has made modprn avi ation possible. Wilbur Wright died of typhoid fever in 1912. d ' ' j JUST A " i 1 DASH IN FEATHERS. hard-boile- d I Available Capital Politeness and civility are the best capital ever invested in busi ness. P. T. Barnum. WAIL-"- 1' make-- BY o. 1 til-""- Plates for men and women from impressions taken in DAYS' Thousands of pleased patrons. WO"' GUARANTEE YUI! Lb BACK TRIAL RAT1SPIK1). Monthly oavment.i possibl month-formeasy directions and caiaiw, WRITE MB TODAY I C. T. JoKnton. 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