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Show ITAH LEW FREE PRESS. I.EHI. Irish Sweep SEEN and HtAKlf Social Security Our Biggest Tax Bill - i t i r , - ri w mm m fAMOtS n i m frtor " J. ,. .9 4," at s f" To .t ' ' ' i W - ; -- . : r. - ; ;v T!.. - i 1 ) -- 4 . ! !- -; ' 5- KTk A-- J - t. , im !'gi:r n.:t in rc;.'T I.,.". b'-i- ;i ,1 h:-- ,. t ; I ii;..!:' - I.!e See Chance for Victory tv- il- ( -- 1 . President Roosevelt signs the Social Security act it (left to right) Rep. Robert L. Ooughton (N. C), U. S. Sen. Robert F. Wagner (N. Y.), Secretary of Labor Frances Perkins, and U. S. Sen. Pat Harrison (Miss.), look on. The Inset shows the latj Sen. Huey P. Long whose famous filibuster last summer prevented the passage of the deficiency bill which would have provided for the first payments under the Social Security act. eivke, the blind, children's TIIK mil of .lulu- - H!rnxl-nmtt'l- and material welfare, and similar pub He responsibilities. There is no doubt l,(HN),(Nt AiritTlcan cltl zciis mure (hiin six ty-- i v jeuns about the constitutional nature of these for they have been made old will ho ri'celvlnu pt'imlon grants rhH-kf nun fuihU crciilcd ly slate to states In the pasl for education, road Thin will be building and other purposes. and federal the iM'glnnlng of w benefit payments liy 1!M2, these grants In aid will be under one of the most spertiiciilar replaced, or Mt least will he far surpieces of lecl.slnt Ion ever ntlempted In passed in Importance, by the second the United Sillies, the Winjtier l.ewls old age provision of the law. While octal swurliy net. the first provision Is "tion contributory" The act, signed by l'reshlent Huose-el- t the second, which Is an old age pension A iic't II. VXi't, providing prosystem operated entirely by the fedtection HKiilnKt extreme poverty In old eral government, will be paid for by age, and Inmiiarice amilnst Uiietiiploy-ment- . employers and employees, with no Is the largest tux hill ever financial aid from the federal governpassed. 1'nless It l amended or the ment. Tax Starts In 1937. Supreme court declares it tincunstltu-tlonnl- , In It will collect JZKi.lKMUXHI The tax will begin to be felt In lil.TT, taxes this year. The levy, which In a when every employer of one or more progressive one and grows to Its max- persons becomes liable for a 1 per cent imum In uliout twelve years, may ultitax on his pn.V roll. After three years, a year. the rate will become IVi tier cent; It mately reach The fund ultimately to he accumu- will Increase ,4 of 1 per cent each lated will swell to nearly MMtiO,iHHl,. three years until In !!!! it will he : (XX) 1n 1!SO. r total ahcmt half again per cent. The employees will he rean large na the present record national quired to pay a lax on their earnings debt. which Increases on the same scale, Old ago pensions began In Kurope making tiie total tax (i per cent for early as 1711,'t, and unemployment employer and employee together by insurance has been In practice for 1!H!I. The states play no part In this opermore than forty years. II y the social ation, for the money goes directly to Becnrity act, the United States Is attempting. In a single stroke, to go the United States treasury. The pensions which will he paid to employees far beyond what the nations of have been several decades In de- under this arrangement will hear no relation to the employee's needs In his veloping. drive old age; he will simply be paid the Itight now there Is a under way to get states to submit old amount due hlin In his contract. Such an arrangement will of course require ago plans which will bo acceptable to the aoclal security board and Its di- a vast amount of accounting on the Kane. Twenty five part of the federal government, for Pank rector, states have already submitted plans pay roll records will have to be kept which have met, or soon will meet with on every Individual. The following types of employers and are: the board's approval. They employees are exempted from the tax: Delaware, Idaho, Iowa, Maine. Maryland, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, Governmental units; railroads; nonNebraska, New Hampshire, Vermont, profit, rellulous. charitable, scientific, Wisconsin, Wyoming. Alabama, Onto-rad- literary and educational organizations'; Connecticut, Florida, Kansas, agricultural labor; domestic service; Massachusetts, Montana, Ohio, lOmde casual labor, and employment on ship board. Island, Utah, Washington and the DisNo benefits will becin to he paid trict of Columbia. upon other states have enacted 1!M2. this contributory Insurance until Kighteen when the fund will have had the legislation which will enable them to chance to assume a little body. Then some at for federal aid future apply sixty-fivall who have or older persons date. Only Georgia, Louisiana, New contributed will become eligible to reMexico, North Carolina, South Ihikota, South Carolina, Tennessee and Virginia ceive payments monthly for the rest are without old age pension laws, but of their lives. These payments will be wh legislation. It Is believed, will be based upon the amounts paid to the credit of the beneficiaries. presented to the next session of the How Payments Are Computed. ptate legislature In each, benefit payments will he Monthly New Deficiency Bill. on the total wages paid the computed The house appropriations committee contributing worker from the time the has recommended the appropriation of plan goes Into elTect until the time he for In social f2.(HMriKt the becomes sixty-fivsecurity years old. His new deficiency bill which. It Is exbenettt will be equal to f monthly pected, will soon be passed. Thla will of 1 per cent of the first SsUXX) he replace the one which was defeated by earned during those years, plus the famous filibuster nf the late Hney of I per cent of the next Long In the senate last summer. In- (XX) (whicti must be earned over a peritituled In this appropriation will be od of H years or more wages over for old age assistance to f.'UXX) In one $24.ra,((M year will not be counted), June $!t,KKi,KX! for the aid of de of the next $42,plus pendent children, and 52,(XX),(HK) for (XXI. However, the benefit to the Insured the care of the blind. will In no Instance be allowed to exFrom a political point of view. It Is ceed fS5 a month, or $1,0.0 a year. Since the death rate In the United probably the old age pensions which ere the most Important p irt of the act States Is declining year by year, there at the present time. Certainly the are annually more old people In to the number of spread of publicity concerning the Townsend plan has emphasised the This proportionate number, it Is benecessity for caring for the aged whose lieved, will Increase through the comearning power has declined or van ing decades, so that the heaviest payIshed, And It Is the old age pensions ments of the federal pension system which first go Into effect. will not come for, say, about forty-odThe act makes two provisions for years. Against this time It Is the plan old age. In the first of these of the social security act to build up the one now In effect, the fed a reserve fund which will crowd the ernl government matches, dollar for $.iMxni,(xx.0tXt mark by 1!so. One of the stipulations of the act Is dollar, the old age pension systems of the stales, up to the point where per- that this fund be Invested In United sons of seventy or more are being paid States government obligations. Hut Jl.' by the state and $1" by the fed never have these obligations reached a These payments total of anything like $i),txm.(xm,iXN), eral government would be financed out of the treasury's and with the national debt now stand jreneral fund and the cost would be Ing at a record high. It Is to be supborne by all the taxpayers; It Is pos posed (or at least hoped) that the ten Bible that a benellclary may pay nothdency In future years will be to reduce ing toward his own pension. Slm'lar these obligations rather thnn add to federal grants-in-aiare given for pub them. To turn audlcletit of its out- By WILLIAM lie dealt!! C. UTLEY BY , Ko-rop- far-flun- e e one-hal- one-twelf- :, - ii wage-earner- d standing Issues out to the fund, the government in that case would have to buy them back from the banks, and even write out more promises with Interest. To realize on such a fund If would be necessary for the treasury to sell its notes to the public and the banks ayalii, a slow and laborious operation At least, those arc some of the criticisms the act has received. Another Is that a reserve fund of such enormity would he a constant temptation to grafting politicians who might seek political popularity by advocating higher benefit payments or smaller contributions fro'n workers, In a fashion that might dissipate the fund. Aids Naturalization. There is one way that the social security act may benefit the nountry, in addition to the manner In which its sponsors believe it will help to solve the unemployment problem: Daniel C. MacUormnck, commissioner of Immigration and naturalization, says that the prospect of benefits to be paid has lent impetus to a large increase in the number of aliens applying for naturalization throughout the country. So much for old age pensions; now for unemployment Insurance. Two model plans have beep suggested for states by the social security board. One Is called the "pooled reserve" plan and one the "employer reserve" plan. Contributions under the first plan are deposited In the United States treasury's unemployment trust fund. Benefits are paid with all contributions undivided. In the states where this plan Is operating, benefits would he paid to each unemployed person who was eligible, without regard for his employer's benefit and contribution experience. For rating purposes, records would be kept on nil employers. In the states where the "employer reserve" plan Is adopted, separate accounts are kept for each employer, with his contributions being credited only to his own reserve account. Tims nn employee's benefits would bo limited by the amount of his employer's reserve account; and the employer's reserve could he charged only with bone-tit- s paid to his own employees. All corporations or Individuals In the United States who employ eight or more persons for 20 weeks (with the same exemptions ns are provided In the old age pension plan) are subject to the tax which will support the benefit payments for unemployment Insur- ance, This tax will he paid entirely It will amount to .! by employers. per cent of payrolls for this year, 1.8 per cent for 1!i"7 and 27 jer cent for lii.'iS. Kmployers In stales where the "employer-reserveplan was In effect would become eligible for decreased rates In the payroll tax In 1!:). provided their reserve accounts equal 7 per cent of the payroll for the year before, and five times the total benefits paid from their accounts In any one of the three years preceding. Kmployers under the pooled reserve" plan would become eligible for lower rates or liable for higher rates in 1041. " Forcing State The social security act provides the federal government with a club for forcing the states to adopt one of Its recommended plans. Kmployers In states which adopt the "pooled reserve" or the "employer reserve." or any plan approved by the social se- curity board, are permitted a refund of IV) per cent of the tax. The "encouraging" agent Is obvious; If a state doesn't fall In line, nearly 3 per cent of all Its payrolls goes out of the state and doesn't return. Unemployment Insurance acts have been passed by 11 states and the District of Columbia, most of them in 1!V!. In anticipation of the federal legislation, although In Wisconsin unemployment Insurance has been In effect for many years. It Is possible that a few states will Join the ranks this year. O Wtrn Npp Union. ni iv The i ,i v il I A- .11. , r - s or in its - ,!iii:!iis:r:itio!i !..!!. mi fapitol liill now w orking on . lit tax proliieiu. the Ti."' ir::':: - f.i t is that this makes be nveill'e tax fol eery man, woman arnl cliil.l in the I'nited States Slo) t this counts people on rea e:,r whose relatives ar. lief, ilcpemlWit too proud to let them p on relief, nf nilier classes which ami a i i: nil iav far hel w til '.r average o. taxe. pay some " :" ; .... taxe. o course, as lor llisutine tax of six cents a package on cigarettes, perhaps a little liipmr tax now and then, or even occasionally the ten cents a pack on plaving cards. Hut w lien it is cons dered that 20fKKi.lXK) nemi e. rough v. are on relic and that most of them contribute verv little in the way of taxes, the average of $1" I per person should be marke far more than the ur) considerably very heavy taxes paid by the rich would pull down the average paid by the middle class folks. There Is no scientific way of computing this, hut probably the average paid by each member of of the family Is not far from $200 a year. Which means that father contributes an average of something like $.100 to SI. 000 in taxes, whether he knows lt or not, of which his income tax Is a very small fraction indeed unless father's Income goes we'l up in the surtaxes. In which case, of course, he will be paying a good deal more. ! Cbry a - What Smith Hit At That Is the sort of thing Al Smith was hitting at In his Liberty league speech, when he said that it was no use thinking of paying this bill for governmental expenditures by taxing the rich, because ho rich simply did not have that much. Interest rates play an Important part In this "redistribution of wealth" program, which Is going on as surely as though the administration at Washington, and for that matter the administrations in the 48 state capitals, the thousands of city halls, and the thousands of counties throughout the land, were all committed to the Iluey Long share the wealth plan. The middle class home owner who has a mortgage, recently placed or renewed, is saving a little on interest. The government has been fairly successful In reducing interest rates. Tint he is getting 2 per cent or less. Instead of 4 per cent, on his savings bank account, and the dividends that reduce his life insurance premium or buy additional insurance are smaller. The Insurance companies cannot obtain the return on their money that they did before the slash In Interest rates. Meanwhile, just as prosperity seems to be returning, the prospects of the folks just above this level for bigger Income from dividends on their invested savings or Inheritances is Jeopardized by prospects that the net big step in taxes-n- ot the one now in contemplation for this year-w- ill probably lake number chunk of corporation earnings. Most New Dealers want the present 1.1 per cent slice tiii government takes of corporation net earnings boosted to 2.1 per cent. T Labor Takes Stand A suggestion that John L. Lewis president of the United Mine Workers' replace Vice I'resident Carner as President Roosevelt's running mate this fall Is of course absurd, but under the suggestion Is one of the nmst significant developments in the histrv of organized laiior In the United 'states The endorsement of the Roosevelt administration, lock, stock and barrel by the United Mine Workers, and their arraignment of the American Liberty league as a group of labor onpressers Is far more significant than is generally realized. For It is not Just the mine workers- -It Is the new movement In organized lnbor. When the attack on the Liberty league was made every man voting for it was thinking of the Da l'onts and John lMskoh In terms of General Motors. lt Is those big now unorganized, which open such shining doors of hope for highly Increased union dues, and power. So that, as political observers view ti.e situation here, it is the New Deal In labor that Is backing up the Roosevelt New Deal, of ,,e two objectives of the labor leaders In with lewis finl against thesympathy policies of William Creen. president of the Amer-leaFederation pf Uilmr, one seems Jro of attainment, the other very much bed, Hi, led. The ncmal labor objective, the substitution of vertical unions-uni- ons rn.hnnnp nil the employees of one Industry-see- m, 'fairly well BRSre,, by the trend of events. It a no ret n a ! !,. i Trio I , - td year U! tk. ...J , I National tttn-p- ! e. derby in June an e Clln,. shire stakes in i. ;,,!,.., Fro IKMM( tO Gue$ eacii uiawurj :.f: ,.f about per cent is r:un f..rm prizes. Tu, rwaainjJ ; to the Irish th, . eriiment, and U lottery. i ,. Wlltta mnKt nf tl,, I itcicu i me enniaeus pceived by Am,,-;,,,- , purely tickets , lt slionlil ... i mea 1 I out am I that the odd.i have figured '.. at about 4(o,ihhi i ;,.,! . , ' first rirlze and receiving any pn..e at J , hos-p.,- Ki . -, Wbethe: ln is than i" might :i!e labor leaders, in., vcrv r,i;t who for nhvinllS IV iritis are not put-a- t the present nio- ne.ck i! J nut :l,i-itnent. tl.ii k the Mixture of politics with the tight f"r vertical unions is highlv ut:' ,,:t:in:ite. They believe that eau-of labor may suffer a " hack due to the stampede to M'liol by the m Unit .; Mine Workers a stampede whi. ,,f course will include all other uti!" s sv mpathetic with the Lewis 1: goal. For. as can lie demonstrated by nry search of the records, organized labor lias a very poor batting average in political campaigns in thU country. The reenrd is so poor, even In strong industrial sections, that It is perfectly members of obvious the individiial unions, when they enter the polling booths, vote just as they please individually and seldom if ever accord first place among the motives actuating them to the recommendations of their leaders. To hear politicians speak in public, one would never think they suspected this, but actually they know it perfectly well. Actually if there Is a politician in Washington who really thinks that t ho chances for of I'resident Roosevelt have been affected by the United Mine Workers' endorsement, he is pretty well hidden. Privately all agree that the endorsement and the pep talks hound to follow will throw a few votes, perhaps even a considerable number of votes, to Roosevelt. Rut they also think that an equal number will be alienated. More About Taxes Very Little Loss Which, they point out. Is very little ",un- - 1,epa,)SP' RS '""strafed hv the Liherty league, a considerable percentage of this type of voters Is against the of Roosevelt nnyhow. Therefore, they argue not turn from tne hJ ..hnvmj.. to get the vofes o nots." especially as the Imve nots" have more votes? Advocates of this course have another string to their how. out .hat everyone who sidles" he government's financial standing at all that the tax plan to be pushe ! 'rough 0t ,h,s Is no, sep to balance the budget, but to nnke up for two losses-,- he M UPSETS Pre: 'reparatioi .'taking for SAFE to r :!y doctor, it Genuin THREE STEP! TO REMEY1NE So h - that, they contend, bier, of ,he country, who -i- ted to resent another boost in mlTL Is re elected he I do that anyhow, af,Pr lonce thoy W01l ,(e ln jct'nn cvclt 10 m ssr Copyright. TO WNU Srrk tc! nil He consnMnn WW oi rt"' an astbypn uch and, A cleansing dose today; a smalta quantity tomorrow; less each timt, until bowels need no help a tg XTTf si Scientists k : tne r i ., il i i moiner Knows tne reasoi when her child stops playing, cats niue, is iiaru 10 mannyc. Lonstifiaiatu But what a pity so few know the sensible vray to set things right! The ordinary laxatives, 0f trm ordinary strength, must be carefully A is f ich i quick, 1 tad ior u n the pain lis and neu: :eoimuin the 'dor lr terthis. -- can at ar Yon A liquid laxative is the ansro mothers. The answer to all your ?irin worries over constipation. A licruid can be measured. The dose can be exactly suited to any age or need. Just reduce the dose each time, until the bowels are moving of their own accord and need no hc!p. This treatment will succeed vilh any child and with any adult. The doctors use liquid laxatives. Hospitals use the liquid form. If it is best for their use, it is best for home use. The liquid laxative most families use is Dr. Caldwell's Syrup Pepsin. Any druggist has it asking f( YER a: nt to do t what you paye stumt o stone e ;cero. Yet We Go to War Friendship is the only thing in world concerning the usefulnesi which all mankind are tt ot ro. il Still Coughing? (IF! No matter how many medicines you have tried for your cough, chest cold or bronchial irritation, you can get relief now with Creomulsion. Serious trouble may be brewing and you cannot afford to take a chance with anything less than Creomul-siowhich goes right to the seat of the trouble to aid nature to soothe and heal the inflamed membranes as the germ-lade- n phlegm is loosened and expelled. Even if other remedies have failed, don't be discouraged, your druggist is authorized to guarantee Creomulsion and to refund your money if you are not satisfied with results from the very first bottle. Get Creomulsion right now. (Advi n, is Press comfoi J5U tOSS is side, .you tr sleep trlaact: fit and never laid rr told each, he E.L.S .laddifi'c iirita J Is j colon to bad! htarthi 'ht me Fjfinea i f'tyour flyoufi and PS all Make up yonj Don't be discouraged mind to try and have the clear, fresh skin you dmire in others I Thousands have found the secret in Cuticura treatments. So simple, t.K The Soap soothes and cleanses the Ointment relieves and helps to heal. You'll marvel at the difference C'uticura make . Buy Coticura at your Soap 25c. Ointment 25c FRte. sample of each on rennet. Writ "Cuticura," Dept. 9, Maiden, Mass. drug ,'ilor ftvm ;i condi WOMAN'S AILMENTS Mrs. Louise Cudding d Pod to St, Colo., Mid: "I w 716 River semi. becaiM ly rundown and irritated and depressed Constant easily. headaches and P' r across my back and pav-,i;rramm taied m h ail lo tiie After taking Dr. Pierce's Favorite rrf;'P; tion I enjoyed my meals and felt tine. now oi your druggist New size, uuw 50 cts., liquid Sl.OO.Larse size, $135. 'Jth strenph utnwrt. 'Sua sofli 1;uve tfcliii sea aesia 3: 'il2 a "e prZ P11 'HE The proper treatment ior a oiuous child rvayin ioh;xr:.t,,en'i',iii-iofu- o. or "Own agreed.-Cice- What tuxes will be levied at this session of congress or more accurately what taxes will be levied before election, depends upon whether I'resident Roosevelt definitely decides to accept the Liberty league challenge, give up all hope of the "stockholder vote," and put ail the burden on corporation profits. Conviction among his advisers Is that the President will seek to raise, at this session, about $700,000,000. That is approximately the amount needed to make up for the loss of the processing taxes and to pay Interest on the sinking fund for amortization of the soldier bonus. (In this connection lt makes almost no difference to the Treasury department whether it pays interest on the bonus taken by the soldiers, and eventually pays them off, or whether the soldiers cash their bonds, in which case the treasury borrows the money at about the same rate of Interest the bonds carry). Up until the last few days most of his advisers were convinced that the President would insist on this money's being raised by excise taxes. These would be very similar to the taxes just outlawed by theprocessing Supreme court, bur spread over a wider base so as to get the- $1.10,000,000 to $"00 . 000.000 additional needed, and "adjusted so as to avoid some of the particular hardships and difficulties of the processing taxes. Tills Is still the probability, but recently another angle has developed Some of the President's advisers are "rging that ho oppose any such excise taxes on the ground that, being taxes for the most part on the poor, thev will tend to flare up popular resentment among the very small Income people against the extravagant spending at Washington. E Don't hand-wago- Kuo-.-v.- S .n... industry. vii.T lileler Uoosevf-l- t m.e t lit Republicans b wi; j Motors and !,.ri ed to accept such .evvis crowd believes i,rv licre. and in ti e I',,:-,- ' 1!. v t i of this 4 r form of a lit.is!:.'.! l.as nf tin-ithe J: s i I !,! a ,,f !) r e. not o x t.r x parr xecutivi-- C..:j!!...!. i,t watit to be iMiTfiereu - jo ,1 r. i i t Sets of union " wirii want s. l'a:ti u iariy they do not (.; bet- friction ' i by a'l to have .ri'.;" their orgiiidin ! i tii! za'ioii. b- ;: t i k i: v, !. : !.:i:!.t: ,o: the !.e' I-- . ,..r,:en of ti'e !7 he it Is ,),, a - ::t,out proidit!S ork-rs- - . en!' .!.- . ;V - VHOMO fas , t.o-- j a ..n ncili-rf,.r!l- y :i:ing to have i:i.:. , preent :;t i;iii;i' v r a i, 2a I ,,f at leust one of the nr.- - r , ft-m- ..-- CORRESPONDENT WASHINGTON act tc Free State W'as etat.lict, : drawings are .i,. year In connect Field !' ' An i.fti - British horse ra. passed by the lr liament in lyyij, i - Fill lLi ', - m w m da ..lit i Great Odd Irlu orliin scanty o you suffer burning, frequent urination; backacM, headache, dizziness, loss of energy, leg pains, swellings and pulhncss under the eyes? Are you tired, rervj ous feel ell unstrung and dnl know what is wrong? Then give some thought to V Kidneys, Be sure they function prop ly for functional kidney disorder permits excess waste to stay in the blooo, and to poison and upset the wno system. Use Doan's Pills, Doan's are for kidneys only. They are recomrrien0 the world over. You can get the d Doan's at any uine, store. DO fT time-teste- |