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Show LEHI FREE PRESS. LEW. UTAH Island of Sark Is Feudal State Once Haunt of Pirates, Now a Peaceful Place With Ancient Customs. kr Mctlmal fPr(r4 WuhlnilM. O. C Oaomt.hle WNU loflt. vtr the Dam of Sark to Lon WHEN thewenteventchopping was uewa in at least two continent; for La Dame De Park la the first lady of the only purely feudal state remaining la the world, the island of Sark In the English channel. Sark la Uie fourth largest of the Channel Islands. It lies 70 miles south of England and 22 miles from the coast of France, It la three and half miles long and one and a half miles wide; and yet, because of Its numerous bays and coves. It baa 35 miles of coast It is the highest land In the Channel Islands. The cliffs, rising on all sides almost perpendicularly, are covered with innumerable varieties of rock plants aod flowers, while below are sandy bays and wonderful caves, whose walls are covered with seaweeds and ea anemones of every color of the rainbow. On the beaches may be found semiprecious stonea, such as ameand mooustoueg. The thysts, cats-eyeIsland is not without minerals; at one time mines were worked which produced copper, sliver, antimony, and galena. The Interior of the Island is undulating, with valleys full of wild flowers, and In the spring the whole is covered with a blaze of golden gorse, blue bells, and primroses. No venomous beasts live in Sark, not even a toadl On landing at the Sark harbor, which is one of the smallest In the world, the visitor finds himself entire! surrounded by steep cliffs, and the only means of access to the Island from there Is by a road passing through a tunnel 200 feet long, pierced In the cliff, and thence by a steep, winding road which leads to the center of the Island, where there are a few email shops and four hotels. The highway continues to La Coupee, where the island is divided Into two parts, Great Sark and Little Sark, Joined by a huge natural causeway of rock nearly 300 feet high and 415 feet long, across which runs a road Just wide enough for one cart and horse sea-hew- St. . & i "SU s aVKmi A Sark Windmill Built by "the Grace" of Queen Elizabeth In 1571. to cross at a time. On one side of this causeway is a sheer cliff; on the other a eloping way down to beautiful sands. In spite of Its minute Blze, Sark has a history of no little interest, as Its written records begin In A. D. 605, and there Is ample evidence of occupation In the Stone age. In the Sixth century Saint Mnglolre, bishop of Pol, In Brittany, established a monastery here, the ruins of which, Including an old wall and two chapels, stand Just beside the Dame's house. Here an order of 62 monks flourished until 1412, when they were withdrawn to the Abbey of Montebourg, in France. Once Plrat Haunt Years rolled on and Sark became the haunt of pirates, snid to be from Scotland, who were a constant menace to shipping in the channel and against whom expeditions from England were sent out The Island was cleared of their presence, but ruin was left In their wake. It was occupied by the French some time early In the Sixteenth century, and It was wrested from them by a ruse, the details of which were recorded by Sir Walter Raleigh himself, who was governor of Jersey ome fifty years later, as follows: A Flemish vessel arrived off the roast, and the sailors pretended that their captain was dend and asked leave to bring his body ashore for burial. On permission being granted, they enrried the coffin up the hill to the little church of Saint Magiolre, and there, closing the door, they opened the coffin, which was full of arms, turned on the French garrison and surprised them, killing some and taking the rest prisoners. Soon after this the Island was again deserted, until from the Island of Jersey arose a tnnn who was finally to establish the future constitution of Sark. This was Sir Heller de Carteret, the fl fly eighth seigneur of Salht-OueIn Jersey, to whom, in 1565, Queen Elizabeth granted the Island conditionally by letters patent under n, the greet teal of England. Thi royal grant gave to Sir Helier and hi socee&sors almost unlimited powers on condition that he colonize the Island with forty families, to each of whom be allotted a portion of the land to farm. Each man was equipped with a muket for the defense of the island; so that to this day it Is often spoken of as "the island of the forty." and even now, when a farm ckacges hands, it Is still cited as one of the conditions of the deed of conveyance that a man with a musket ahali be kept on the farm. Though the le Carteret family still owns the Manor of Saint Ouen. in Jersey. Sark passed out of ita hands when, la 1732, It was sold, with all its rights and privileges, and eventually came to the great grandmother of rbe present Dame of Sark, In 1S52, For many years an artillery miliiia was maintained, consisting of about one hundred men; now all that remains are a few old cannon, lying disused and half hidden in bracken and gorse on the cliffs, while In the grounds of the Dame's bouse is a fine old bronze cannon which was presented to the first Seigneur of Sark in 1572 by Queen Elizabeth, and bears an inscription to that effect The Dame's house, or "Selgneurle," lies In a sheltered part of the Island and, like all the old houses. Is built of gray granite. The original or main part of the house, dating from 1565. stands on the site of the old monastery, and no doubt many of the stones used to build It were taken from the ruins. The fireplace In the hall bears the date 1075 and the sundial on the outside 16S5. The gardens are opened to the general public, free of any charge, every Monday. Appeal to the Dame. Great privileges are always accompanied by grave responsibilities; so thutthe Dame's home may be described as the clearing house of all Island controversy. It Is open at any time to any Inhabitant of the Island who wishes to see her for any reason, and she sometimes longs tor the leisure of the "tired business man" when often both sides of a difficulty are brought to her for final Judgment. Discussions take place on subjects which range from whether bathers shall wear beach pajamas or whether the Chief Pleas shall pass a measure to deal with the prevention of Infectious diseases among cattle. The Sark parliament Is called the Chief Pleas, and It sits three times a year unless called by the Da uie in an emergency. The forty holders of the farms allotted originally In 1565, plus twelve deputies elected among the rest of the Inhabitants, who now number 675, are members of the parliament To "Sarkltes" the king of England Is their feudal lord, the duke of Normandy, and he has no more loyal and devoted subjects than they, who have from time Immemorial been part of the Duchy of Normandy, whose duke, William the Conqueror, Invaded and took England and was thereafter recognized as king of England, but to them has always remained duke of Normandy. In point of fact, the Channel Islands were never a part of England, but part and parcel af the Duchy of Normandy, and as such, no doubt, took part In the conquest of England. Sark is the smallest part of the British empire and the only part which has no public debt; In fact. It has a. substantial credit balance. The language of the Island officially is French, though everyone speaks English, which is taught equally with French In the schools, so that everyone Is bilingual Among themselves the Islanders always speak their own "patois, which Is a survival of the old Norman French as spoken at the time of the Conquest. It Is never written and cannot be understood by anyone not brought up In Its midst. Sark has a boys' and a girls' school, In regard to which It ts Interesting to note that Sark was the first part of the British empire to adopt compulsory education. The Dame Inspects both schools at examination time and asks the children questions in French and English and satisfies herself as to their general mental progress. Motor Cart Barred. A law against the Importation of motor cars has been passed and this Is strictly enforced. The Dame believes there should be one spot left on earth where modern transportation can be forgotten and where peace and quiet are undisturbed. She also refuses to allow the Importation of any female dog, the ownership of such, except by the Seigneur, being forbidden under an old custom upheld by law for centuries. It Is also the old right of the Seigneur alone to keep pigeons an excellent law, as In this way their number ts controlled and damage to crops Is minimized. The large stone pigeon cote Is an essential' part of any feudal selgneurle. It Is also a selgneurlal privilege that none but he. may grind corn or build a mill, and although the old windmill Is now no longer used, he still grinds all corn brought to the selgneurle, by the more modern methods of motor and machine, charging each farmer a small fee for grinding. All cereals grown In Sark are subject to selgneurlal tithes, and no man may harvest hts crops until these tithes, called "dimes.' have been collected. The farmer has to notify the seigneur 48 hours before he Intends carting, so that some one may be tent to the fields to see that every tenth sheaf la set aside for the seigneur, who also has a tithe of elder, lambs, wools, and a royalty on all minerals. Each of the forty pays a yearly tithe or ground rent on his property, and the old chimney tax, or poulage, as It la called. Is still to force, paid In llv chickens every year to tha seigneur. I Into Tulle and Flower Bridal Ensembles How Broke a The Movies Bt CITERIE Copyright NICHOLAS fcy IW C L tUrwmm T SiOTHEB had great ambitions mo She wanted ine to be a am concert pianist My father had were too. uis bitions for me. be different lines. He wanted me to actor. an be to wanted a dentist. I M : ..u6 1 1 Although I studied music and reallyI tried to follow my mother's wishes. found myself in Hollywood going from one rtudlo to another looking for a Job. I believe that we usually do the things that we want to do. But Jobs were descarce and I needn't go Into the Intails of those weary days when I terviewed every casting director and assistant casting director In the town, unwelcome only to receive the same "No." reply no I had to live and there was at out I shingle my so hung money, a teacher of piano and voice. I secured enough pupils to keep the door proverbial wolf from my humble and I still had time to make the weary rounds of the studios day after H -- . mr i .,: day. At that time the Hollywood Community theater was producing plays every week. This was a little theater and various actors who were between I ofpictures donated their services. to myself keep fered mine, too. Just Interested and was given the leading role In a very charming pantomime. The Spanish Fandango." One night Rex Ingram was in t J! - way for MAKE couiesl the Easter Pretty as a picture, too, for never has a springtime bride had more lovely array at her dlspoaal than that which present-dastyle crey ators are placing at her command. Now that the wedding preparations are on you can feel romance in the very air. You note It In the billowy masses ot tulle which are floating In frothy whiteness across the horizon of U8y workrooms. One problem confronting the forth coming bride Is as to whether her nuptial veil shall be daringly modern or iiiialntly picturesque, or perhaps Just The discreetly conventional. trend this spring leans In the direction of novelty. For a real thrill we refer Miss Bride-to-be- . who has gone utterly modern !n her Ideas, to the picture herewith. The unusualness of this headdress stamps It as a decided creation. These ly up-tbrim or visor flares of tulle are very new and chic. The lltt'e wreath of orange blossoms about the crown adorable The tiny muff which the bride carries which Is also fashioned of orange blossoms, what more enchanting in the way of flowery adornment could a springtime bride long fori Wondering about the material for the gown? The answer lb white dull crepe with peou d"ange bodice and the sleeves. lace for Of course, no brides maid is going to allow the bride to totally eclipse her. At least, the maid of honor smiling at the bride In the picture, has seen to It that she share o 1 g SMART hoi as III Hi 4 0 V " L ,tjj4 J... - . " l - .11? lv-- "v'l g either monotone or In rainbow tints In fact l" the oplnlor of some, muffs of tulle ae newer than those of flow ers. for the bride as well as her at tendants. The happy thought In this Is that the prospective connection bride may, if she choose, he entirely relieved of the trying ordeal of work Ing out in detail with her dressmaker, or whoever has her trousseau in hand the matter of these perfectly lovely tulle fantasies, for all leading sped alty departments and shops carry the most captivating ensembles of this sort and In every conceivable color scheme. And so, whereas In olden days the hurried. Hurried bride to be must needs spend weary days in con ference with those who were planning a "picture wedding" for her, nowadays all one has to do is to ask to be shown the latest lr hats, veils and muff accessories. Thr beautiful ensembles which the dealer will bring forth will be a revelation the entire plan worked out to a nicety and Inexpensively, often at less cost than could be worked out at home. 193!. Western Newspaper Union. Dame Fashior constantly borrows from the past along with all the rest of the world. Now It's th smartest of the new spring fabrics which simulate In the most modern of weaves the patterns dear to the hearts of our feminine ancestors several genera Hons ago. There's the herringbone linen which looks like wool, to name Just one of the manj spring fancies which hark back to the days of crinoline and hoops for inspiration In design. c;v:." I a DRESS PRINTS USE ANCIENT PATTERNS THREE-PIEC- E Rt CHERIF. N!( tu the glory. Her gown is of plnl lace in flirt lusterless chalky finish which Is sr satisfying to the eye. Ber lore-of-chapeau Is of pink mallnes with pink sjitlny rose petals enwreatb-InIt her generously large muff being fashioned of the same a symphony In pink Is she. And have you heard about the cunning ruffled tulle muffs many bridesmaids will be carrying this spring! They are in delectable pastel tones -- 1 J 1. j Particularly popular with women these days are the new prints, many of which employ the small figuring so popular in our grandmothers day. These vie for favor with the chalky prints seen frequently in variously colored plaids combined with white. a'1 Egyptian Motif Is Seen in Latest Paria Styles . 1 ,- l Ui! liluiiiniig three piece traveliiig suit is In green aud white. The three tiered bag Is new. The hat Is related to the costume In that It is created of novelty straw which Is woven In green and white check to correspond with the motif of the tweed. Two dla tlnct fashion trends are here emphad sized, that of the bat which may. as tn this Instance, he of a different medium or as Is often the case the hnf Is of the same tweed or weave as the suit. The other style point accented Is the fact of the Jacket and skirt being supplemented with a cape which may be worn or not at one a own pleasure, which makes It extremely practical. Fashions with an Eimitinn b.m,. have suddenly appeared in Paris. For some reason unaccountable m . Stylists-ma- ny of the newest spring modes appearing in the French capl tal seem to have come from om Egyptian origin. Oriental colors and designs are noticeable In the printed silks. In handbags. In decorative scarfs ... u, MKisr ui insiuon wnieb calls for patterr or combinations of color In Jewelry especially Is this new tendency In evidence. One of the most frequently seen In dlcations o. the Egyptian ts In color schemes-bri-ght green Jade and turquoise used against backgrounds of yellowish gold. color-matche- Sport Cottum Boldly striped black and white tweed makes a stunning sport sulr The skirt is divided, but you never would guess It because It Is all cut In gores and flares out In Just the right places to make It alluring There Is a little close fitting Jacket that goes with It . th ' s I til i -i V - - -- ' Ramon Novarro. audience, although I did not know it until I received a call to report to the old Metro studio for aa Interview with the famous director. Perhaps I was not as excited over this as I should have been. I had been disappointed so many times that I believed that this was Just "another one of those things." Of course, I went to see Ingram and he gave me the usual preliminary tests that day and that made me think that perhaps this visit had not been in vain. When I was told that I was to have the role of Rupert of Hentzau In "The Prisoner of Zenda" I really felt that my career was begun. It had, too, because Ingram had truly taken an Interest In me and gave me every part that he thought I could play. "Where the Pavement Ends," "The Red Lily," "Scaramouche," "Ben Bur," "Lovers" and "The Flying Fleet" all these pictures came to me very quickly after that and my ambition to be known as an actor wis, I hope, realized. Recent pictures In which 1 have appeared are "Huddle," a college football story, and in which I played the part tf a Chinese prince opposite Helen Hayes. So now the embryo Paderewskls of the coming generation will have to find a new Instructor, as I'm afraid piano lessons don't pay quite as well as the movies. Mary Brian Started Out to Be Commercial Artist Mary Brian was born In Corslcana, Texas. Like Gary Cooper,, she went to Los Angeles to take up commercial art and remained to become a motion picture player. During her childhood she showed a natural aptitude for drawing and the elder Brians fondly dreamed of an artistic career for her. Her pencil sketches found their way into the high school paper back home and she designed costumes for exhibitions. Believing that Mary would have greater opportunities for developing her talent in a big place, the Brian family moved to Los Angeles. Shortly after their arrival. Mary won a beauty contest aud later with the most votes in one emerged of those personality contests that were much in vogue during the last decade Albert Kaufman, at that time managing director of Grauman's Metropolitan theater, offered her a part In a prologue and encouraged her to try her luck In pictures. Five minutes after she had been ushered Into the office of Herbert Brenou, director, she was chosen for the role of in the Wendy film version of "Peter Pan." Leading parts were easy to get after that picture came out Among the films she has appeared in are "The Street of Forgotten Men," "Behind the Front" Bound!" "Shanghai Man Power." "Under the Tonto Rim "Forgotten Faces," "River of Romance." "The Kibitzer." "Brown ot Harvard," "Hgh Hat," family of Broadway," .fiomlcfdi "lf8 Tough to B Famous! Ursty." "The VIrgI,an" aSd Blessed Event" Beau-Geste- Heroines By By RAMON NOVARRO its American "1 LOUISE M. COMSTOCJ Deborah SaniD IN THE days before the Jama and the shoru, the ,u,,i who dunned masculine self in for serious consequent borab Sampson, whose soifl rebelled against the ground to which she was bora. 4,11 herself op aa a man and founds fighting the American KevoluaTl In 1 776. when the Revoluti' f well under way and the arm sorely In neeo of recruit. was a vigorous girl ot eigtuTl spun aDd wove a length of suitin. j"i tt to a tailor and ordered olmTlvf't . " cult" fn. " "CilllOU, Then, In her Dew clothes, Heboru out on the highway of advent tdjN rs On May 13. when a new fctxt mem of fifty American soldimT rived at West Point, there ... .M uaiucu ouuriieu, woo ante bis gun awkwardly and had fcil mm ncoMuraBuo me nara two weh marcb to the post Presently our heroine found fcenet In Captain Webb's company of Infantry, equipped with a Fret fusee, knapsack, cartridge boj uj thirty cartridges, handsome In 1 unirorm, otue coat lined with white waistcoat, breeches and atoek-lngs. and a Jaunty red plumed tai Side by side with her comrada arms she fought at Tarrytown, White Plains and at Yorktown. Her great difficulties were the attention of i fatuated women, and the danjem exposing her sex. She was once nv ceremoniously knocked down bj i Jealous sergeant who accused ber stealing bis girl. She claimed to hut had smallpox and risked contract the disease rather than expose herself to vaccination, and she endured silence the agony of a wound on ta thigh, and bore Its results the rest af her life, rather than submit to medial At length, In Phlladelphii attention. during the summer of 1783. she M victim to a fever, was thought de and her sex was discovered when tic doctor felt for her heartbeat The doctor kept bis knowledge a secret Deborah was discharged from tit army the following fall, married 1 young farmer named Benjamin Ga net. and bore him three children, who lived to share in the pension awards! her by the government in 183L Mother Bickerdyke challenged to explain till under which she cot through Imposing lines of red tap Ignored orders and scouted difficulties In her astounding service to tin wounded Union soldiers during tht Civil war. Mary A. Bickerdyke a swered simply, "I have received my authority from the Lord God at mighty; have you anything that ranxi higher than that?" Mother Bickerdyke was only a volunteer nurse at the time, come dowi to Cairo with other willing worker! from Galesburg, 111., to relieve the distress that Incompetence and Inexperience had brought upon the regimental hospital there. Before the end of the war, however, she had been made agent of the Chicago Sanitary commission, won the friendship of Grant and Sherman and been empowered wished by them to use any means she to gain her merciful ends. A woman of indefatigable energy and resourcefulness, endowed with u Indomitable will and courage, sh wrought order out of chaos at Cairo, after performed immeasurable services id Donelson the battles of Fort Corinth In Tennessee and northeri t Mississippi, organized hospitals of Memphis, nursed the fallen the performed miracles during and freezing winter at Chattanooga, At following Sherman's troops in the lantic campaign, rendered him an aid. She often antagonized her superiors by her brusque manners and high handed me''10' At Cairo she caught and had replaced the attendants who were stealing mixM scanty government supplied by an emetic In some choice foods W sM thus fixing their guilt. When butter, thought the local prices for, csllea milk and eggs exorbitant, she one out upon friends and soon had o dred cows and great flocks of bens their way to her needy hospital the fuel was exhausted during i ni?" sm of awful cold at Chattanooga, orae by risked severe condemnation breasIng her men to burn a nearby warm, tworks to keep her patients cartoon of her. famous in Its shows her standing in the Shaw bonnet she always wore beside for so wagon of vegetables destined troops In Texas, government steamer hack to sr V the get them. Needless to say. . ernment steamer obeyed! At the end of the war. discontent with the dull little Job of tne keeping for 150 patients at Mother 1 , i.. iiuinr 1111 ih. i " Bickerdyke went west, opened thai large hotel In Salina. Kan., bore her name, nnd from this ww" servl point rendered Inestimable the pioneering families passing tnw In covered wagons. Later she n given a position In the United w the mint at San Francisco and some pension of twenty five ooimn ' month. DI1I WHEN v- 1 111- . 19S3. Wit.r NwPpe' |