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Show f LEHI FREE PRESS. LEHL UTAH r f j Our Government How It Operates La r ! By William Bruckart fw iTpilKl:E if 4" , ittitutlon that says me government-ha- jmwey to levy to ( is a provision In b .1... . Minions,? ..'X V -- ;v" V ? ; i . 7 "" "... i " OS The Real The Christmas Spirit Glorious Christmas Firelight i fj IJ-l- H f of as really spend our IjjiKW Christmas plodding through fresh fallen snow to a little 1 house In the country whose rLrtJ Inartistic PSl have been covered with a blanket But we like rN' white to choose cards that show such scenes. For the cold outside suggests the glow of a warm retreat within. It conies down to us from ances- tors far away that "herj by the Are defy frost and storm." You will see people looking longest of all at pic tares of a hearth where a fire blazes, above which stockings hang, before which little children sit, nodding off to sleep. Children around the hearth are at the heart of Christmas, and always have been. For children so readily catch this spirit of good will and kind ness, and bubble over so Joyously. The little mysterteshe 8uddencTosIrig of closet doors, the sudden dropping of toIls to a whisper, have excited them. They know that these are happy secrets. Has not every dire threat that Santa Claus might forget them been spoken In a tone of jollity that told their shrewd young minds that no one was really angry? Trust them to know the spirit behind their elders' words and tones. How great a thing this Christmas Is that It ran bring Its blessing even to little children. How fur back the Impulse had to stnrt to be so strong that It would overflow until It reached the lives of the children, who do not really understand, but who feel so truly thnt at this season everyone ha? grown kinder. "Tidings of comfort and Joy," they sing In the words of the old carol. And they called the message of Beth lehera the "good news." Not an old. familiar kind of good news not that those who hud little should have a lit tie more, or that those who had much should be blesied again with the Joy of something left to wish for. But to alt a word tfa.nt there were better things possible In life thnn the little reliefs from grief or loss or want. "Good wiir. was the message thinking kindly of people until the very kindness in one's own heart casts out the resentments and the wants and the contradictions of life. We try to be good to children, think lng It may be that thus we pay honor to a child that lay In a manger. Rut really we are kind to thera because nothing else so quickly and so truly shows us how our own kindness cheers our own hearts and makes as glad 'And at Christmas we are reaching out for those things which revive onr own falrh In things that are true nd irood. w Ue of "Xm" What Is the' reason for the name "Christmas" being abbreviated as "Xmas" and does not this latter simply menn "crosmns"T . , A i. in' It-- . . I - A&ss k'-- r fr 4- The "X" does not stand for "cross" but Is the Greek letter "chl" which has this form. It Is the Initial letter of the Greek word for "Chrlst'J and Is used as Its abbreviation. Just as "Xn" Is nsed for "Christian" and "Xty" for Christianity." DtroIt News. n cTtlzeus' of; pur country treasury for oiie of two n 1 I antl-freez- ITS ri. - - .5 t e alari Dh, wis! 1 iM"l it ' 1 J- 0,) t . A Bedouin Prepared br National Hashlugton. U Girl of Italian Libia. Geoirraphld Society. SiD Serrtce. s to a considerable extent by economic and cultural stagnation. In places along the 1,000 mile coast of Tripolitania the arid sands come down to the water's edge, but between are fertile areas on which palms, olives, tigs, oranges and other fruits flourish. Farther Inland among ths highlands occur some rather large patches on which olives and fruits and grain are grown. Then come the vast desert stretches. The city of Tripoli has been called "the gateway to the Sahara," Three historic desert caravan routes have converged there for ages: the trail from Timbuktu, that from Lake Chad, and a southeastern route from the region of the Egyptian Sudan. These routes were of great Importance for the bringing from central Africa of Ivory, ostrich feathers, gold dust, and perhaps most valuable of all In a primitive environment "black gold" negro slaves. This traffic was ostensibly abolished by Turkey only In recent years. Cirenaica Has Promise. Cirenaica, situated on a bold promontory protruding Into the crystal clear waters of the Mediterranean, Is a dry, parched land with scarcely a stream or creek. A shelf of limestone hills, resembling a gigantic backbone, but hardly Justifying the Arab epithet "Green Mountains," stretches across the base of the foreland. Between this ridge and the blue sea a fringe of fertile fields 60 to 70 miles wide, lying dormant for centuries, now teems with Italian colonists and migrating Arabs. With the help of modern Irrigation methods It Is hoped this region will merit Its historical nickname, "bread basket of Rome." Visitors to Cirenaica usually sail from P.rindisl on steamers laden to capacity with Italian officers and their families bound for Bengasi, the principal seaport and capital Because of a rocky bottom which prevents dredgd ing In the harbor, passengers disembark Into small boats which bob precariously on the swell characteristic of these coastal waters. First Impression of Bengasi Is of a bit of Europe transplanted. Since 1911 when Cirenaica was occupied by the Italians a new town on modern lines has been built alongside the old Arab section. Wide avenues shaded by date palms and lined with neat houses patterned after Moorish archi tecture border a public park planted with Imported tropical plants and shrubs. Donkeys carrying nondescript loads, from hooded Arabs to bundles of firewood larger than themselves and camels "pad padding" along, vie with motorcycles and automobiles for right of way. Lovely, dark-huedebutantes fresh from Rome and Paris and proud army officers resplendent In the white tropical uniforms of Trni strntt along wide sidewalks in striking contrast to burnoosed Arabs, scurrying boys and veiled, niosiera women ornamented with gold mole-inclose- d slow-movin- g d coins. Fine Sponges Found There. From time Immemorial ler N re t I i dates- - fiK e." Tou t ki i Z deSCrt M "the ,nrK map of north i nt tes 1 It !c. t ; a foui We I 8 Un Fin hu , j. This Pge rke Her. can tne ;foU "e i on. , iht ie t uc-a- i net c ny art i od ht JN Of is pa ?'HI bU ,Icl fe ol . .is - ii T . fir M TALL spire In the Union tery. Kansas City, boast' tht citv's romnntlc link alarums of the Revolutlonartf fought on the remote eastern,' the continent while Kansas C:j a still nnknown spot In the derness west of the Mississippi The country was new whenSEj Porter with his young bride Immigrated from Ireland tonal' home In Richmond. Va. Terv was still unexplored wilderness with dangers, beckoning to in young people desirotis of secnriitj Tl n i t ', II. of their own. So. presently, t the Porters with their MflK. slaves migrating again, and sett, 1 'A . Elizabeth Porter (J mhi aer, am te -- n t e t' , " ii a wi f In es I ar ; the ; home near Franklin. Tern. There was a war going oife ' I knew, but the rich, newly fy 9 lands of their homestead were's . tn time "farthest west" and manyf. of wilderness and irregnlnr flV , i: cntinn made Bunker Hill and B"i t wine seem safely remote. P'r long arm of the British throu.' ,he hired Indian allies reached rfft ' ' m fnr. And one day. when the mei '; m were far away In the forests. lng hand of red warriors des. i upon the little settlement at lin. took prisoner all the wonifJ'E ;t eluding Mrs. Porter, and set rff them- through the wildernefS. I 'g It Through endless miles of fnrel marched the .small band. wjT7 - 4 t ships of 'the Journey were and It" lasted for months. The. rivers to ford, dreary night.!-comforIn Improvised grounds, and the constant mf'j-- , their silent but watchful red j ; .lust why hese women' were notfj at the beginning"1 and scalpel if j lng to the Indian etistom, j been i know, though It bas ' there were British officer aM I . prevented that.At length the party, reach!"' Ningar. a British stronghold ndn. and there remained, thrf long winter." Not until the nrttji were they returned to the . a -- -y - sWns caravans from the South are shipped to Italy, the last to be made Into gloves and shoes. Iron dti JW . - l ,n bi bol den ; 1 tunny fishing have been the chief Industries along the coast of Cirenaica, Greek divers swim down, holding a rock, pluck a sponge from the bottom and then upon releasing the weigh float to the surface. The drenalcan variety being especially fine, it Is sometimes transplanted to other parts of the Mediterranean. In ancient days, it Is said, sponges were put In Greek helmets as "shock absorbers" for the warriors. The principal agricultural and food crop Is barley, quantities of which are exported to the motherland and Scot-lannenna, olives, fruit and grapes are raised vegetables, In the more fer-- '!.rl?:i,:nlwhlle hu i . - Uk i j 'V places of worship witli hundred ANCIENT roi-li- Indrawings of the style from fiooo to 4000 B.. C- - were V.. uncovered recently by a German scientific expedition In the Fezzan district of Italian Libia. Frequent reports of discovery of historic relics Indicate that the Italian colony Is becoming more and more a great archeologlcal workshop. Early this year, the pages of history were turned back far Into the era at Clrene. Founded by Greek refugees from Islands of the Aegean sea about 2,600 years ago, Clrene was born a humble settlement, unaware that In a century or two It was to rise to a city of power, the commands of whose rulers would be felt beyond the borders of Cirenalca. By S.J.Duncan-Clar- k Clrene once had a population of 100,- in Chicago Daily News 000. From the ranks of Its Inhabi tants came artists, poets, writers and SAW a wistful look on the philosophers who drew Intellectual face of a man I know. It men from many parts of the civilized struck so strauge a note in world of Its time. Its medical school the sophisticated music of was famous; Its buildings were archiIlls life that I was puzzled tectural gems. It was called 'The Dy it lie was a young Athens of Libia." man In his later twenties. Though culture saturated Cirene, lie bad abundance to satis the city never lacked men with an eye fy every need and many rather espen for business. Caravan merchants give desires. found Cirene a market for their goods; He was carefully attired as usual. they also found the city a meeting Ills winter coat was of latest design. to exchange commodities with place Ills spatted shoes were Immaculately other "foreigners." Then sea trade shiny. He stood on a loop corner beckoned to Cirene. A port town rose when, seeing him, I paused, made cu on the Mediterranean and a road was rious by the expression in bis eyes built to the city 17 miles Inland. and about his mouth. I followed hU Both land and sea trade flourished gaze. It was fastened on two poverty-strickewhen the port was opened. With new urchins boy and girl who revenues, Cirene, which was already were gleefully Inspecting a shop wincity of magnificence, continued Its dow aglitter with holiday decorations. But progress was not building. costly on in bis said I, "Tom," breaking to be perpetual. About two centuries reverieJiouJjoak almost sentinieBta!:4 after the first settlers arrived on the What's the matter?" Clrene plateau, the dynasty that had He turned toward me a face that led the city through an era of proghad become suddenly embarrassed. ress fell, and a republic was set up. Then he laughed. The republic's path was strewn with "To tell the truth, old man, I was tyrants, while nature added frequent wishing I could recapture the Christ severe earthquakes that threatened mas spirit It seems to have gone the city's foundations. In 96 B. C. clean out of life that Is, the life of Rome took over the government. my crowd," he answered. Cirene basked In glory among an "There Is a way," I said, "but It's cient cities nearly a thousand vears. old fashioned and unsophisticated, and but nearly as quickly as it rose, a gem what you would call sentimental. First, of ancient art. It fell into ruins. A you must really believe In something dominant city became dominated. In the star and the child and the love the Fourth century A. D. it was left behind them. Then you must forget to the elements. Ry the Fifth century, yourself and think of making some Cirene was In ruins. body else happy somebody who real ly needs the happiness you can bring Largest Italian Colony. Oh, It's all very bourgeois and passe Italian Libia Is the largest of Italy's know but It's the only way." colonies. Five Italian "hoots" eonlrl "1 guess you're right," he said. "I'm be placed on its map and not cover It tempted to try It, but" And he completely. It was once divided into turned on his heel and left me lefi three parts Tripolitania, Clrenaica, me thinking of h certain rich young and the portion of the Libian desert man In fin old story who "went awav Old Roman writers described Tri exceeding sorrowful," politania as extremely fertile. Per haps they exaggerated, and perhaps also the climate and physical conditions have changed markedly. At any THE COMMUNITY rate most of the country Is now des CHRISTMAS TREE ert with Its fertile strips and oases scattered in the wastes of sand and stones. There Is much evidence that the region once knew better days cli" j, ui'"" i i matically. Great avenues of stones set on end and numerous circles of monoliths and trilithons, like the famous Stonrhenge of England, testify to a neolithic culture of importance In this section of North No picture of treasury operations Africa, perwould be complete without a refer haps many thousands of years before ence to the office of supervising archi- Memphis and Babylon were thought of. tect. Especially Is this true under The Phoenicians began the recordod present conditions, when the federal history of the country by government Is proceeding with vast cities there, perhaps As establishing 7v early as 15m programs of building. Every day, K. l the fact that these cities and the plans for a post office, or federal their surrounding country throve them courts building, or customs house or no" that inter Greek and Roman cnl. some other building with a public ture flourished there. Indicates that are purpose, being completed, and the country was more favored then they are prepared by or under superthan now. vision of the architects In the treasury. Sand dunes have encroached Before those architects start work, through the centuries on much land In the ferhowever, a branch of their office has K-ftile v the strip along Mediterranean examined available sites In the city or town where the building Is to be. coast. But the relatively poor condition of Tripolitania today Is consulted with the local authorities largely as to the needs, purchased the site due to sociological and governmental out of federal funds and has received factors. The commercial Phoenicians from congress authority to proceed. and the colonizing Greeks and Romans So again, the treasury, though It be were able to make the most of the miles and miles from you, wields its country. Since the region was overrun by the Arabs In 044 A, Influence on your dally life, D, and It passed under Turkish since e. 1131. Wtsttm NrwiMExr Union. control later, however. It has been marked , we wa but help Mary Jemisoo leuerai kimw ut tlie reasons:- tmndles or the taxeii (t 'collects, A great many, bun ., Jreda of thnusariils know, of It. because of the customs service that was referred" to. Next to tax . 4 tbe probably treasury tout he more people, directly through rhe Customs service, than in any oth """"." er way. Its primary function was. to collect those liniHsts levied at" the customs houses, und It does that job. as every Importer of merchandise of any kind can tell you. ; Not all Imports are subject to tariff duties, but those on which the. Inmost is laid are exam ined with a comb. Customs Inspection Is a term that Is broad In' Its meaning. It goes be yond Just a casual examination: It means, actually, the most thorough' For example, going Investigation. the tariff jaw may say that a duty Is laid upon an article of rubber, but It would add to that the phrase "or of which rubber Is the article of chief value." It Is up to the customs Inspectors to determine how much rubber Is used. Again, the levy may be laid at 10 per cent ad valorem, or 10 per cent of Its value. The cus toms Inspector and the appraiser of merchandise who work hand in hand, so to speak, have to determine what that value is. As I have stated, the customs serv Ice Is designed for protection of the revenues as well as for collecting properly the duties on the merchan dise entering ports legally. In pro tectlng the revenues. It has to prevent smuggling, and here Is where another old and distinguished treasury service should be called onto the stage. I refer to the United States coast guard, a service that Is as Old as the government Itself, a military organization that I have always believed never has received the credit due It The original purposes of the coast guard were named as protection of life and property at sea and prevention of Illegal entry of merchandise. It has the added duty Qf stopping the Illegal entry of liquor rum running since the nation has been under the Eighteenth amendment, but be It said to the credit of that organization, every blue uniformed officer and man of his crew lhaJirstcon--ceptloof the service as a tradition to be followed. They may be found In the places along shore that apparently God forgot but where the storms of the sea strike hardest, and I have yet to encounter a single guardsman who complained of the bitter battles or the hardships which are the lot of the United States coast guard. But while attention is directed at uncomplaining public servants, there Is another agency In the treasury that must not be overlooked, namely, the United States public health service. Here Is a group of highly trained men of science who delve Into questions nffectlng or likely to affect the nation's health, your health and mine. They do It without seeking public favor, for the plain love of learning truth. It seems. Many Is the warning the local pub lic health department transmitted to the citizens of a community that had Its nritrin In the research and con clusions of the little group of med ical men making up the service and whose work In conjunction with state and city health officers extends from coast to const. It was thev. for In stance, who shed the light of science on parrot fever a few years ago and taught a nation how to fend It off Another example: they have studied the solutions used In auto- mohlle radiators and have branded some of them as dangerous to health because the fumes given off are poisonous. ?eg WHITE woman, stol, feast celebrating her riage to a white man oaij the willing bride of ao that was' Mary Jemlson. a, J Squaw of the Genesee." I strangest and most roual American .heroines. Some as J she actually did return to people Jate in life, but th she died on the Buffalo Cr reservation disputes that; ot tain she refused to retura W' people would not accept aiso breed 6on; many claim gh, reconciled to her red capurnj mode of life and preferred talnly In the sturdy figure j fringed Indian garments. b. hair In two long braids andl her baby papoose-fashio- n on J that the sculptor has prepared memorial jo Letchworth pjiy Genesee river tp,, New Vorti freedom., confidence, even p? It was In 1758," during tk and Indian war, and when V seventeen, that the S?nem J d"WD upon her pioneer bonis creek, in Buchanan vati t vania, massacring all the fal carrying the girl off with tt! Fort Diiquesne her captors tcl over to two old squaws, who with them to Ohio. Here, u han-nu"all things good." s her life as an Indian, and t( years later she wedded Si warrior of the Delaware, a bore to him her son, Thorny jl The next spring, her son sml her back, this white girl set og, her husband, and two Indian!', to sell furs at Fort Pitt. tnX' the brothers and Mary Joum? to the Genesee, five hundred tl yond over harsh wilderness tra? lng Shenlnjee behind to Join tit Druii. aim y I trctcilcu ii nesee, but she never saw husband Indian again. brought her news of his deatle When the baby she had carry her from the Ohio was four, 1H ried again, Fliokatoo. knownasi chief, but apparently a kind h Ry him she had six children sole claim to the attention of tortan It seems was In examplsj j herlted "badness." Hiokatood consumption" at one hundred a::lf In 1707. at a Rig Tree Council Six Nations, Mary was given m a tract of 17.000 acres, Inclufc, In Letchworth park. In 1825 ttjf ecas sold their holdings In thlijt. to the whites, but Mary retains property and lived on. surroiii her children and grandchllfct alien among ber own people, lit years before her death. In 18t moved to the reservation, retmlr. the last to sanctuary among h(ftv. h ed people. collw-tloiiH- ' :V-- ; By LOUISE M. COM3! liniwts bow-ever- V f Con- - pf s . mm 4 t i erome - i at the customs nouses. a test i v' It Is no obviously simple provision, but performance of the privilege accorded there lots bet-- the basis probably, the gre;ite.t and most pro fcKiged. controversy into which poll ticians have set their teeth. Tariff,' flxtits" or "issues"" tiy what ever tuitife knun have formed the backtHjiie of more campaigns between the. political parjies tluiu. I can re- - t i the O O LQNT .'. !""Tt f OTHER FUNCTIONS OF THE TREASURY: AmerW Gh and Ma 1 Africa with , ' oners mini their , homes .. , l,.nrtftn s widow, she with her son, the iir, when IS20 a cartographer's smallest a few oases," It is 8hutD from the Mediterranean by a narrow Itself rented strip which ertit N'nr'Can8Un-- , 0n th the i ... ... t'orter. a circuit Knnsns .innies 1931. oa?n-rrshrn- g wMm NowspRPM"11 And Vice A a a !.!.. , nor-- Vent tl, .in who I alklng. Toledo Blade. I i i f "U-- C"1 the most Interesting thlnt'9 dot1 wliatndght be done with lf 1 .J '.ie |