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Show """" EMERY TT1 riSTLE DALE. CTAH Eighteenth Legislature Ed Constructive Session Eiemntinw 1 a those women who havejurr th. Set,T feJ of minor children :w . Relating in th. mng rvf i for reparations before th J3?H The Eighteenth Session of the Utah Legislature ending last week, performed constructive work In passing the Boulder Dam Compact; the corporation license tax bill, the $1,185,000 state building program and the planning of state buildings on a permanent combasis, the creation of a new tax mission and a general revision of the taxing system, the $300,000 appropriation for an institution for the feebleminded and the continuance of the 111 Requiring a fee of $05 . for the filing with the pb, ts.n tl. vviuuiiociuil 111 ' ficates of convenience M una, IT ui bill the same debt, tranLnoa, . .. """i state a person aenne h nn providing for the creation of a with ly validauw?! others, and the tax revision commission is about written trnncnnH,. ""WW most important thing achieved. Agibeen tation over taxation matters has i, mu Bliie coue commission stirring the taxpayers of the state for tinned: i , tJiA some classes of uuu codiflaK members and years, imd Industries are of the opinion that of the Utah statutes win coatC Regulating boxing contests. they are leaving nre than their share Providing for the designate of the burden. The tax revision bill HKenr or land owner, passed by the legislature and signed .. o,,.l " '"s;uion... districts "t by the governor, provides for a "'""" of of fourteen men, consisting reciamatioa . """"'"s v. ,. three salaried commissioners to be ap- tracts may be liens pointed by the governor: seven mem benefitted. This act also provide, . bers from tiie house, appointed by the wws i" w miuie under contact The adjustment and Kettwt sneaker, and four members or tne Senate, appointed by the president. part of the delinquent drainage & Provision for the cons! ruction ot buildings at the various state institu" relating to watt ""uu,b tions is an important act of the ses- conservation districts and the big sion. The construction of the building tnerem. ! .1 T t .. , : a ,. i Is recognized as iiiii .i for the ' inii nif fir" fir ail lUtet " case. an especially urgent right, title and interest to lands It The corporation tax law will re ciuiieu in me jjciiu reservoir. taxProviding for a permanent Coloraa, quire foreign corporations to pay es only on the capital stock used in river commission to look after th. i. the state, instead of taxing Its enure terests of this state in the Colorado capital stock, as provided by the for- river. mer law. Providing that applicants to the The legislature also passed an old cretary of state for license plates fir age iiension bill and a bill to extend their motor vehicles must show tw the Itenehts of the nreun s pension the personal property taxes on tW act to the families of deceased vehicles have been paid fur the w rent year. The resolution of Representative S. Authorizing the slate board of t M. Jorgensen. proposing a constitutioncation, acting with the state board al amendment to permit the establish equalization and assessment and ll to allow school ment of an equalizing fund for the county commission more equitable distribution of edu- boards to exceed tax llmitationi cational opportunities throughout the Requiring monthly payment into the state was passed, while the resolution etate treasury of fees and collection of Heprepsentative Hammond proposing 0f 8tate departments and offices. another constitutional amendment to Authorizing the levy of 2.4 mill Ut permit a change in the method of dis- for the general fund of the state to: tributing the state school fund was the bienniiun beginning July 1, 193. It is estimated that ap- I tassed also. Providing for a tax on oleoma proximately $7ij),(l0(l annually will he jne. added to the moneys used for eduea- Authorizing increased tax levies (or c! tion in Vtah by the Jorgensen re.-city streets in second class cities to !w as it is less ztMW raise Intion, than population. proposed for each child of school age for this Changing the existing law relate to the tax rate for county purposes. equalizing fund. School boards of adjoining districts Increasing the fees of grand w nre allowed to cooperate for school trial jurors in district courts from P maintenance by an act of t he last to $4 a day. t;i"iviopt That ' defense witnesses in UqKi to acts Other that help make the cases shall not he relieved from pr session just ended an important one. peeution as a result ot tneir ten are : mraiv in tt Inquiring boards of education til Requiring a year's residence set aside a sinking fund for bond re- - state before divorce complaint may h ltonrl iii filo (lomiption? reonirinff to th prepare yearly budget before June SO. I' Amending the law relating children. authorizing schools to charge tuition adoption of minor tor students attending from outside '" There were a muni.er ot iiKiiciary tho district ut'itmiimi a,..a i ' im rvi in ; 11 'J tho -wtt:i.p ivi rnmi. em to depositors by hanks binding ' mitlee at the request of the state coc?e- H code commission. It is probable that the Ryan ro.-tv- I...,; n nn in. mtAll h,M! ttr mPwmm - VrffcT. s Wpt,J-r- . mm V:SM life?!! TJ 4 By ELMO SCOTT WATSON S TUB annual "Easter dress parade" Is staged In every city and town In the United States on March 81 (whkb Is the date of Easter this year), It Is estimated by experts In the United States Department of Commerce that an Investment of somewhere between $1,500,000,000 and ?2,000,000,000 in fine raiment will have been displayed by the "richest ijation on earth" on the two "dress-up- " days of Palm Sunday and and Easter Sunday. What Is the meaning of all this lavish showing of clothing and millinery? The simplest answer is to point to the fundamental facts about Easter and see how those facts can be related to a development which often seems inconsistent with the real spirit of Easter, The essential Idea of Easter Is shared by Christian and pagan alike. U is the Idea of "resurrection," of revived life after apparent death. It marks the climax of the year when all nature awakes from sleep, throws off the death like chill of winter and begins to live anew. With all nature pointing the way by bedecking herself in mw raiment, it Is only natural that mankind should also celebrate the surge of renewed life by putting on new apparel. So when milady appears at church on Easter Suuday In a new frock and a new hat. It Is not mere human vanity expressing Itself. She puts them on because she must ! She has responded to the fundamental Instinct by responding thus to the call of spring, to the message of renewed life. There Is an old British tradition that It is "good luck to wear something new on Eastor day," but that Is a mere outgrowth of the essential Idea of the Eastertide. ' All of which Is a simple and entirely logical reason for the feminine display of new clothes on Easter day. But It Is by no means a complete explanation for it does not tell why there has developed In this country such rfn expensive method of satisfying the primal spring urge nor why such a colossal sum Is spent on women's clothing at this season, despite the fact that their clothing Is as scanty If not scantier than ever before. If the Easter dress parade was entirely In keeping with the traditional Idea of "wearing something new on Easter day," It would be a parade of new clothes which might be Inexpensive as well as ne. But the fact Is that It has become an exhibition of national opulence and as such apparently more emphasis Is being laid upon the word "expensive" than upon the word "new." In these days when the psychologists have an explanation for everything we do, think and feel, it may be well to go to those learned gentlemen for an explanation of the Easter dress parade. If yon do that they will tell you that in order to arrive at an understanding of the psychological problem of clothing you must go back to the "origins", and take into account four Important theories as to those origins. They are as follows: First The modesty theory. This theory, familiar from the legend of the Garden of Eden, holds that clothing was originally donned to conceal, from a sense of shame, modesty or embarrass- ment The Immodesty theory. This maintains In the beginning was to make the wearer a greater object of Interest to the opposite sex. This Is the doctrine that familiarity breeds Indifference and that concealment Increases Interest Third. The theory that clothing begins In the desire to attract attention or secure The primitive clothing, on this theory, Is conspicuous for ornamentation. Fourfh. The utility or protection 'heory. The supposition that clothing had Its origin In attempts to protect the body from Injurious or unpleasant features of the environment would seem to be the most obvious one, but for various reasons has had little standing among the anthropological theorists. It Is easy to see that neither the first, second nor fourth theories In regard to clothing Is an adequate explanation for the Easter parade. If anyone of the four can be logically applied It must be the third the theory that the Easter parade Is to "attract attention or secure preeminence, especial', since "the primitive clothing, on this theory, is conspicuous for ornamentation." However, before assuming that this theory Is the final explanation of milady's desire for new raiment at Easter time, It may be well to hear a discussion of these theories by one of the tminent psychologists of the country Dr. Knight Second. that the purpose of clothing feeble-minde- ' JR . aife .,Mi " I HI' flf Mi d , of1 w Mf!' 3 tfr- - 1 r'va im 4ftK-- 3 o- I 1 An gamier Parade in Holland Fourteen years ago the world Above The photograph was made on Easter Sunday, 1915. was steeped in the blood of war, but when Eastertide came around, thoughts turned to drees and fashion, to the glory, not of the battlefield, but of the Easter parade. Fifth avenue, the mart of fashion, witnessed a queer procession that Easter Sunday. Motor cars were then first attaining real notice. True, the streamline body had not yet made its appear, ance, but horses no longer snorted and stamped when a car chugged past in the parade. Those on the sidewalks no longer stared at the peculiar horseless contraptions. Dresses were Hats were big, gaily decorated with feathers. long, very long, and petticoats were bulky. Women wore high shoes, then, and gaiters or spats were the fashion. Fur neckpieces were all sizes and women carried large and roomy muffs, a relic scarcely seen these days. . . . fourteen years, but see the difference In the A brief span In the time of the world trend of fashion when society parades on Fifth avenue or in any other city this coming Easter Sunday. Then look at this picture. It was made only fourteen years ago, but one might well believe it was taken thirty years ago. The world does move fast. Below On this day the children carry little statues of birds made out of pastry. They go from house to house and collect coins. " He says: The modesty theory haH probably had the greatest vogue in modern civilization, through Its having crept into popular religion and so having been connected with moral prejudices. Eve and her 11)? leaves still trouble popular moralists and bob up in police regulations. It may sound merely facetious, but It Is both metaphorically and literally true to say that every time woman shortens her skirts the moralists shiver. Vet this is not the only way in which she has frightened them with her olothes. Some year Kgo, shoulder puffs and baggy sleeves were denounced as Indecent and ungodly. The shudders over the bathing suit have not yet subsided, in spite of the valiant missionary work of Mack Sennett. That bobbing the hair flaunted indecency, threatened the foundations of morality and endangered the sanctity of the home even the college freshman can remember. He probably does not know, however, that not many years ago putting up the hair on top of the head was also looked upon with tear and Indignation. The obvious failures of regulatory measures In the past, and the equally obvious certainty that If women decide to discard clothing entirely they will do so, in spite of selectmen's ordinances and the protests ot clergy and press, seem to convey no lesson to the weaker brethren. As a matter of observable fact, the connection between clothing and modesty is a simple one. Any degree of clothing. Including complete nudity. Is perfectly modest as soon as we become thoroughly-accustometo it. Conversely, any change In clothing, suddenly effected, may be Immodest if it If of such a nature ss to be conspicuous. It Is merely the breaking ot the established convention which makes it Immodest The first and second theories go down together There is today no reasonable doubt that clothing has nothing intrinsically to do with modesty or Immodesty. The third theory, the theory of adornment. Is one-pie- perplexing. It involves the curious assumption that adornment Is self explanatory. The theorists offer more or less vague amplifications of the conception of adornment, In terms of "extension of personality." 'aggrandizement" and so on, but when their phraseology Is sifted down to matter-of-fastatements, they have really nothing to offer except the assumption that clothing Is worn to make th wearer conspicuous. We may grant the human tendency to seek the and we may limelight, the desire for grant the Influence of this in the development of clothing and adornment. But that conspicuousne ss is Rttnined by adornment when every member of the group wears the same attire or ornaments cannot be granted. If the simple desire for consplcuousncss were operating, the Individual who should omit the ornament would be the most successful.' She would. In fact, be the most conspicuous; but she doesn't ct do it. it is reasonable to conclude that there Is a rea y pro-tecti- are! Judging from this psvclmlo-gisf- s remarks on the third theory of tli.'ori-i- n of clothing, not eveu this one may lie the Easter fashion parade. At hast, itappnio ;lii t t,e doue so "logically." Then how a; count f,u in Perhaps, after all the easiest way to for It is to say that milady hits made, the aw,uilt I'tster parade a national institution, "because she w'mts to." As for the logic of it-she .loo.,,,', i'lavp to be logical unless she "wants to," duoS si.i well, v v a bank to depositors for payment of isting laws. Most of these measuw beeou forged or tillered checks: making pay- - .repealed laws which never had nwrepeal ment of a chink presented after six or effective. The ti o' months optional with hank: that stop sures were passeui iu iiio niimose a oi paytippnt orders ou a check is not clearing the statute looks , tlpulicr. , . binding on a bank after six months. nocic-- a ueau aim ..aIaco lie A hanking measure passed effects A resolution passed urged ag" transfer of security receipts: permtt ,mw.t to classify the river " , Colorado , banks used as depositories of public cuuurai laims " funds to deposit with other banks basin, another urged weed controls . securities instead of providing a de- the Indian lands and canats an m pository fund. lands within the old I . son back of the adorning; that ornament Is not a simple "instinctive'' product, requiring no explanation, but that it requires to be explained along with clothing. The fourth theory, which maintains that was introduced piimarily for purposes of clothing protection, has been in disfavor, because it has not been to see how most the easy typical primitive clothing really affords any protection. The costume ol the Eskimo protects from cold. Heavy skin cloakpj or karosses of other peoples are worn to protect from rain and cold. Sandals, legging?, arm bandage and similar paraphernalia are undoubtedly developed as protection from stones, thorns and brambles. But these are really minor details in the development of dress. For most savages, and probably for primitive man, protection against cold is only an occasional maner, ana many races make no effort to protect themselves by clothing, even though inhabit ng climates where cold is encountered; and yet thest races develop clothing of a characteristic sort Sandals, leggings and arm protectors, too, nre Incidental, put on. and discarded in conformity vhh the occupations' of the savages. Costume eNists quite aside from these forms of protection and was developed before these. The most characteristic types of costume of savage races, types which are believed to be truly primitive, are really represented by the fig leaves of the Babylonian legend. Skirts and aprons of grass and leaves, bunches of leaves, give no protection from cold, neither do they protect from thorns and brambles or to any great extent from the sun. Why. then, have these types of clothing been so widely and primitively developed, if not for concealment from the eyes of other people? The fact, that the peoples who wear these ments put no emphasis on concealment, butgar-at times discard the garments completely, 'and the fact that where there is a costume which cannppt be discarded in public It Is apt to be some "irticle such as a string of beads the waUA, ispose of these explanations, and around appsr-entlleave nothing but the unsatisfactory ad.p-ment theory in the field. Man has a group ot adversaries from whom is an acute need, especially i the warmer climates in which man undoubtedly originated and in which large groups of savages live The origin ol clothing, properlv so today cailVd can then be ascribed to the human need for protection from unpleasant agencies, although other factor, have entered itito Its further development. So there you p,t. amending ... Dunlap of Johns Hopkins university. COB!' tiitiL-ippf- r , - measure passed classes burial certificates as coming under Utah "Blue Sky Law." The providing for licensing of real estate brokers and salesmen. Regulating and bonding of produce dealers and fixing standards for produce containers. Prohibiting shipments into Utah of diseased bees oi bee equipment. Prroviding live stock highways; acceptance of $20,000 annually by agricultural college from federal Act, and incorporation of agricultural college. Regulating the establishment of ag ricnltural cooperation associations. Providing guardianship of incommen and their chilpetent A - Keservation. noturging the ed one t ,. -- - lnciw , .,iiit wins appoi- nt-- secretary of tne" a coi congress toF terior,. and one urging mid levee .i...,tno!rii t vine loans iui um - tncts. , Abolishment of the state off elk control, taking bear . tectea hsi. tne I fidl " the lower L.une . gan rivers. tpnsons iw " rermiiung iuu, .. ing in Ltan lafce. o the Giving cogent acquisition t.y me lamia for tM of state and private ,. river bay migratory mr i the federal go" cunmi ucp.:",i dren. ment. dec . , , Providing $tKH) yearly for education lteiating 10 iuof children whose fathers were killed tors at municipal elections. law r in the world war. Amending the old -- t.nn!l Permitting the use of rum and bran- the sterilization or ci dy in manufacture of mince meat. . etc. ret'st Prohibiting fraudulent advertising Providing for the of real and personal property, and student barbers. . ... " . .!.... hi I service. chief appropriu""" The .......... than Preventing the advertising of cigar- ior someuuus . state g"v ettes or tobacco on bill boards. ffli6; with which to cany tne Relating to sale of goods and who ernmental activities during may negotiate a document of title. biennituu, while a 'W"""fl0 Placing of freight cars in the rear get appropriation gives of trains, authorizing payment of de- ted from the original . utnr. linquent drainage district taxes with lature also expe own bonds of the district. its which to defray funds--Capp- - t(l m ,, 1 - api-ruy- To obtain natural expressions of shoppers a Berlin merchant has In bis store window a camera which, with Its operator. Is Invisible to Hie gazers. One picture of a Ktrl looking longingly at a si ring of pearls bote the title "Covetous." Another showing a young man surreptitiously looking at a pair of silk stockings, and evidently making up his mind to go In and hnv. wna unlabeled. Two small boys at. gazing . ntnu a rrpfpchip nin ... .. . t " cnartning, nnn o whs uiai or a group of equn dren a hmtorito ,..,. ...i - ' ' V Muni ui1 the window pane. I "" e More and more we are rather rely upon nature heulth. for medicines, most . . . ion.. rlous diseases would . fl p . 01 faol llzation-'-affection- s of t e .,pM-- tie , " nervous system eierd Scnlight. fresh air, woot. food, avoidance of prompt repair of any njurj " -t- hese are practica lly ne. needs to maintain perfect Fred 11. Albea la azlne. riftt p,. |