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Show EMERY COUNTY PROGRESS. CASlLK DALE. UTAH Lis Why Speaker Winding Is Easily Burned Out There is only one reason why a speaker winding or any other winding burns out, and that is from passing an overload current through the winding, in the electro-magneti-c coils of cither loud speaker or head set we find wire of size number 40 or finer, which is about half as thick as the average human balr, says Henry W. Banket, technical editor of Badio Befalling. It Is not hard to recognize the fact that this wire will not pass much little currenL Very very thought Is given to this condition by most people as the natural assumption Is that the various manufacturers of . 1 i loud speakers have taken precaution to protect these coils. Well, some have and some have not. Most of them have not. Badio receiving sets using five, six or more tubes are now In common If baby could it is u'. Thiswithnumbernewof tubes of In con- puoe umi santa write, Claus the power used with Wfo. 7 "uuia type junction amplifying and detector tubes uses a oid Nick. nice fiat, great deal more plate current than is water bottle tn ie sometimes realized. Of course, by the miniature bottle proper use of adequate "C" battery flowered satin case is a "UUIU5 voltage this plate current consumpIt doubles tho mac Howtion is considerably reduced. bit of talcum powtebTE ever, it is still very high, as many e who ate using dry cell "B" batteries -- ..vcu oeis, oeautified J ure finding out Volume and quality being among v"sies out of .IV the first demands the purchaser ribbon. makes on a radio set we cannot think of using a lower plate current, which In Santa'3 Menag!ene would solve the problem, because this would cause a loss In those two necessary factors. For the moment, let's go to the detector tube and work our way back to the loud speaker. The action of this tube Is, or at any rate should be, well known to most radio users. It takes the current and changes It to a form which we can use for reproducing the sound waves desired. Acting as a rectifying valve It changes the current from alternating to a pulsating direct current. This in turn Is amplified by the audio-fr- e quency system until the proper vol utne has been attained. Then the current passes through the loud speaker windings where the pulsations ener which acta gize the ate a diaphragm, either directly or indirectly, giving to us our sound waves. In the sys What a din of " tem is wnre tne current is some "quack-quacks- " there would be J times built up to damaging proporthe animals and ducks and cinch tions. and such in Santa's pack should sij Now, If we can In some manner get to talk at once. The calico dog in; the pulsating current action necessary picture, w ith eyes painted so big to operate the loud speaker and at the same time protect the windings ears so long, Is not half as feroci, as he looks. In fact, he makes fried from overload, we have eliminated not only with children, but the tl the cause of possible trouble. per contingent, who doting sensational, call them "snuggle da Precaution Necessary carrying them under their arm A true "beauty and the beast" eS With "B" Eliminators As to the other dog and duck, you With "B" eliminators so widely used, get them at almost any fancy wJ it Is surprising now carelessly they department stamped on pique are operated by the average set owner. to embroider. They launder perfec: There are right and wrong ways of starting a set equipped with an elimCzechoslovakia!! Pottery inator, as well as special cautions required in switching It off. Always plug in the set so as to light the filaments before switching on the "I!" eliminator. The purpose of this is to save the set from the damage of an "open .circuit voltage." which is created when '15" voltage Is applied while the filament circuit is not operating. The damage is directed chiefly against the transformers. If this rule applies in starting the set. naturally it applies equally well In shutting it off except for the reversal of the process. Switch off the eliminator and then pull out the plug that controls the filament circuit. Many set owners get along without any apparent trouble by Ignoring this rule. Only excellent transformers pre- em iroume. or sometimes it merely is a matter of luck. Its a risk no ladioist need take. Much to the Joy of the art corf seur genuine Chechoslovakian poi Is finding its way (reasonably P1 aePlace Speaker at Least considering its beauty). Into ware This 10 to 25 Feet From Set ica's vuletide displays. actuallv handmade and handd1 "Howling" of a receiver results . iv vi iil mc j'v .i .i.i. from a microphonic tube being within highly colorful designs are the s'.! close range of the loud speaker. The as in vogue as far back as elH most effective way to overcome hundred vears niro. Anvone wocld w ing due to microphonic tubes Is to proud to receive a gift of pitcher place the speaker at least ten to ana its unique convex handle) j twenty-fivfeet from the set, dependto match like the one In the on the maximum volume used. ing The use of sound dampening devices Of Gay Enamel Cloth such as the placing of metal covers or wooden boxes over the tubes has been found effective. Set cabinets not tightly assembled are sometimes the real cause of the trouble because they vihrate freely at a certain freThe resulting vibration Is quency. then passed to the tube elements through the cabinet and socket Sometimes merely opening the lid of the stops the trouble. loud " III pspf52 -- -. tbf. J kfil bHng! ?j hot-wat- anTS-ar- radio-frequenc- y By ELMO SCOTT WATSON fjj U1E was when the country boy was iu ue a Dir sorry ior ma city cousin because of the hitter's Inck of chances for enjoyment of the sort of "days of real sport" which only life In the country can give. According to the country boy's Idea, the only place In which the "city fellers" could nlay was the street. and whnt fun was there In trying to havv a really good time on a paved thoroughfare, shut In between long rows of brownstone-fron- t houses? You had to watch out for vehicles of nil sorts; if you tried to piny ball, chances -re that the ball would go sailing through a window and that meant an Indignant householder or a cry of "Jiggers, the cop!" to put an end to your fun. How can a boy enjoy himself If there's no green grass to run and roll on, shady trees under which to loll when you're tired, and all kinds of "open spaces" where you can yell as loud as you please without somebody complaining about "entirely too much noise"? Now, of course, It's true that the city boy has In the past been under somewhat of a handicap for the same kind of outdoors enjoyment that the country boy could have. But there are city parks where the grass Is Just as green as In the country nd where the shade of the trees Is Just as cool (though it must be admitted that park policemen would look with unfriendly eye upon any attempt to "shin up" those trees). And there are public playgrounds where the city boy can "whoop It up" all he pleases and have all sorts of riotous fun (even though "supervised play" would sort of cramp the style of carefree youth, according to the country boy's notion). In late years, however,' the city boy hasn't had to depend upon such limited resources as the city offers for his outdoors recreation. The development of the summer camp Idea has been giving him an opportunity to know the same kind of enjoyable outdoor Jife as his country cousin knows. The pioneer in the Idea of summer camps for city boys was the Young Men's Christian association, which began establishing temporary camps back in the eighties. The plan developed rapidly until today it is one of the most important pieces of work being done by this organization and there are permanent Y. M. C. A. camps iu all parts of the country. A newer development, however, is the wiuter camp Idea which gives the city boy an opportunity to enjoy life in the country in the winter as well as summer and if the experience of the Chicago Y. M. C. V. with the two winter camps, which it established three years ago, is any criterion, these camps with their opportunity to the city boy for an outing when the snow covers the ground will be as popular as the then, which give him his recreation when the earth Is carpeted with green. The work of the Chicago Y. M. C. A., which Is typical (,f the service rendered by this organization to Young America which lives In other congested metropolitan areas, began with the establishment of one summer camp back In 1900. At the present time it has four camps in Michigan, two in Wisconsin and three In Illinois, a total of nine camps for boys, as well as anothe. for men. The Michigan camps are the following: Camp Channing, on Upper Scott lake, near rullman; Martin Camp Johnson, near I.udington; Camp PInewood on Echo lake, near Twin lake, and Camp Wabash, near Benton rinrhor. In Wisconsin t maintains Camp North Woods and Camp Nawakwa, both on the Lac du Flambeau Indian reservation In the northern part of the state, find In Illii.ols it has Camp Duncan on Fish lake, near Bound Lake station, forty miles from Chicago and two camps, the Hastings Lake camps, on Hastings lake, near Lake Villa. It Is in the Illinois camps that the Idea of giving the city boy a winter outing was first tried Camp Duncan was given to the West Side department of the Chicago Y. by Joseph S. Duncan and it serves particularly the poorer boys of Chicago's great West side. This camp is open to boys between the ages of ten and eighteen, all of each summer, and It is also open, during the Thanksgiving and Christmas vacations ami the sprint vacations for special outings. The hovs pay about half of the cost of the camp and the balance Is made up by Mr. Duncan and other friends of the boys. The Hastings lake camps were provided . a i electro-mngoet- n s audio-frequenc- "bow-wows- I Sit . ' ' - : "ALL SET" II rigged out in rubber bopts 'n' everything, Harry Lazar, a Chicago boy, $ starts a thrilling ski slide down the t "FOX 'N' GEESE" in the snow Is a game that no city boy will forget when he gets a chance to play it where there is plenty of white snow in the country at the Y. M. C. A. winter camp. $ "TALKING IT OVER" around the big fireplace in the lodge at Hastings winter camp conducted by the Y. M. C. A. of Chicago near Lak- - Villa, III., over each week end. The boys from left to right are: F. Krii, 1353 South Komensky avenue- J 1339 West Eighteenth street; R. Lid- Vrba, ster, 442 Normal Park; H. Hopkins, 1842 Byron street; F. Krist, 4228 Milwaukee avenue; Dick Wren, 5913 Parnell avenue; Ed Eagen, 6814 Parnell avenue; L. Elbe 2866 Otto street; M. Johnson, 3834 Green- 4. view avenue, and W. Rosenow, 4228 Milwaukee avenue. f J -- J i . steep hill and on to the Icy lake at Camp Duncan, conducted by the V. M. C. A. of Chicago near Round Lake, III. AN APPETIZER"City.bred boys from Chicago sawing wood for the first time In their lives and learning some of the experi- ences of pioneer life in the country while attending a Y. M. C. A. winter camp at Camp Duncan near Round Lake, III., durina the holidays. ; t f f If f f 2 1 d g ? t "THE ICE DERBY" The boy, line up and crouch In eagerness for the word 'Go! Then they're off on the steel across the glassy surface of ringing the ice on .j. Round Lake at Camp Duncan 4 4 through the generosity of A. R. Cross and Arthur Cutten of the Chicago Board of Trade and Mr and Mrs. C. H. Worcester of Chicago. It Is under the general management of the offices of the Chicago association. It has general a camp dlrect.r J. P. Hargrove, who lives there the vear round" having boys come to camp each week-enthroughout the year. ' As the result of the establishment of these camps by the Y. M. C. A. more than 4,000 citv each boys year have the opportunity for liealthfui wholesome play In a new environment and under circumstances which are particularly valuable In building a finer type of young manhood In the winter camps their days are tilled with all sorts of outdoor sports. They have their clinic of skimming over the glassy surface of the Ir.ke on skates, sliding down the steep hills on skis or on a toboggan and go whizzing out over the lake fishing through the Ice or playing any of the number of games whirh a good fall of snow offers It may he a lively snowball fight In the open or behind the defense of a snow fort which they have built, or It may be he old game of "fm nnd geese," a game which American country boys have played for generations. ' The city boy learns woodcraft, too. In these camps. f,.r when there's snow on the ground thev "turn Indian" nnd test their skill in tracking throtign the woods. In fact, in a region that U rich In Indian lore there is plenty of for "playing Indian." A recent Issue ofInspiration "Chicago Men," the official publication of the Chicago d M. C. A., contains the following story of how "Young Palefaces nold Powwow-;- : "A Indian powwow in camp was enjoyed by 50 boys and their dads from the Knglewood. ( Hyde Park, and South Chicago departments Y M C A over one week-enat Hastings Lake camp. "Contests in tracking, running, shooting with bows and arrows,- and other sports give a chance for the young bucks to test their mettle in tlon with the older and wiser sachems. competi "Ten of these young paleface braves competed In an Indian story-tellincontest in the owning around the campfire. The old men of the tribe served as Judges to determine the winner who received a genuine Indian bonnet as n Clement Studehaker. thirteen years. GOT prize Drexel avenue, won this honor telling the story of Thief Blackbird." Not only do these city boys entov imitating the life of the first inhabitants of their state the red men. but they also learn how the pioneers who conquered the wilderness, that is now ,i rich and thriving country, lived. Thev hear tale. of those brave old days when they gather around the campfire at night, after the day's fun Is over to eat toasted marshmallows. nuts nnd and the fire is kept biasing with the wood apples which thev have cut for the fireplace themselves. That is they spend the evenings thus, unless the lure of outdoors is still too strong f,,'r n,om i iii.mi even when darkness falls. Often the hovsin res lis i lanterns and ton lies along the shore of put up the hke and continue their fun far into the night. Aside from the chance for healthful recreation which these camps offer for the routh of the big city, there are other values In these Y M C A camps which are indicated in the following editorial notes In a recent issue of "Chicago Men": "When a city boy learns to .itch his tent make his bunk, and fry his own flapja. Us and bacon In the woods, the camp has encouraged that boy to develop nj-qualities of that should help him through life. "When this hoy in the hears the moaning of the pine trees and looks up at the great silent stars overhead, he Kets a new under-stand- , 113 of the I'temal Creator that he mav never get In the city. "Two Catholics, one orthodox Jew. and a Met ho dist ninke a tour of six Chicago and two other camps this sununer in Wisconsin and '. One of these men Michigan. already spent five years studying for the priesthood. F.a"ch ren dered a specific service in behnh of these Ihe four became close friends and enthusiast? boosters for the camps." - e man-mad- e ls j j ! Pl e Important Information for Wave-Tra- p Builders It is important to.know the width of the hand at whleh radio broadcasting stations are operated hen designing a wave-trap- . This Is approxi "lately lO.OOO cycles, although with so nmny stations failing , kt.0p true to heir wavr lengths there are n.anv instances where the frequency of the stations is Iw than this. The Idea consi,lerahlv of wave trap is to pass a band of frequencies mo the set with a delink limit on the width of this band. sepa-ratio- A enciiinn , .Mnrfiil enamel o &l with of realistlc-lEav flowers la warranted to morn t vaii 4i.tii . .JIii3Lli'ciJ Uillll UI1 m..(nt,iv.ic friend who enthuses on the sc'-interior decoration, and vfc eloquent over "a note of color Vo not scheme of things. enamel cloth with glazed chintz cri'. tonne or anything of that sort looks rather like colored patent er and it is produced in every shade, both pastel tints and colorings, also black. bas-reli- ef |