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Show BEAR RIVER VALLEY LEADER " 1 Live Stock Deary Horticulture Poultry 7K- - n' The Leaders Home and Farm Contributions -f- ' -i o fS Q Economic. f Women'. Department .... ' W JL . ' . 7 fSi5 , 1 SjlJim II'JSr u tlcfef 1 il f 1 Writers.... by Noted OF MEAT INDUSTRY IS URGED BY DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE FEDERAL SUPERVISION (Prepared best food that skill and loving care cculd produce. The result Is history. From an export of beef and beef products of 151.000 pounds in 1914. we exported 500.000.000 pounds of beef and beef products In 1918 almost equaling the great surplus of 1901, when our population was 35.000,000 people less than now. The exports of 1918 were treble the three-yea- r prewar average. by the United States Department of Agriculture.) With meat prices to the consumer so high that he is denying himself, and with the prices for live stock, especially beef and lambs, so low to the producer that he is actually losine money, the nation is confronted with a grave problem which requires solution If we are not to suffer a decline in the live stock industry. It Is an anomalous situation. The department has endeavored to inform Itself on the subject, and after conference with senators and members of the k house who represent producing regions and who also feel deep concern for the welfare of consumers, deems it Important to give to the public certain outstanding facts, which ff;ay be summarized as follows: There Is no longer need for meat conservation. The supply is plentiful, inn I patriotic citizens may freely' disregard g the placards which are still displayed at many eating places. Europe Needs Pork. Europe needs our surplus pork, but Is filling Its beef requirements by importations from South America and Australia. Prices of beef cattle have fallen sharply since March 1 on account of the stoppage of exports for army use, and a slack demand for beef at home, due to the continuation of beef conservation under the mistaken idea that such conservation is still necessary to feed the people of Europe. Beef producers and lamb producers who sell their products at this time are confronted with the danger of heavy financial losses which tend to restrict production and cause a serious shortage In future. The United States will never have a satisfactory and permanent solution of the problem until the manufacture, sale and distribution of meat products are officially supervised by authorized agents of the government, with state working In and municipal authorities, whose only aini is to serve the public at large and not any particular class. When the federal government Is enabled by law to maintain a just supervision over the Industry that will prevent unfair dealings, speculation and profiteering, by furnishing the public from an unimpeachable source all the facts with regard to the industry, and when the states and municipalities are enabled by law to exercise similar supervision over intrastate and local business, then only can we expect to have fair and stable markets in which producer and consumer alike will have a square deal. Beef Industry Crisis. Some of the particulars of the situation are as follows: The beef Industry In the United States faces a most serious crisis, for a decade before the outbreak of war In Europe farmers and ranchmen had been urged to increase beef cattle production because the industry was not keeping pace with the growth of population. The lowest ebb In production was reached In the fiscal year ended June 30, 1914, when we practically ceased to have fresh dressed beef for export, but began to Import H from the southern hemisphere. The campaign for Increased production began to bear fruit with the outbreak of the war and beef again gained volume in our exports. Prices rose and farmers were encouraged to expand their g operations. With the entrance of the United States Into the v.ar a vigorous successful effort was ir.ade to increase the supply of meat for our army, especially beef, by ciHotels anrt resvilian taurants, at the request of the government, reduced the size of their beef portions and regularly left beef off their menus. Private families by thousands did likewise. Farmers and ranchmen exerted themselves to the utmost at great risk In order that our soldiers and sailors could have the Europe live-stoc- meat-savin- meat-produci- March July 13.50-18.- 1919 12.00-14.- 3 July 1919 1. 14.25-15.- Decline Mean per cent decline, 4.15- 23 - 4.75 per cent. The alleged reason for this situation is the stoppage of export for army use abroad and the failure of civilian beef consumption to resume its normal status. The hotel and high-clafamily trade are not consuming the quantities of choice beef which they used before the war, and the families of moderate income ore eating only cheaper cuts, the price of which must compensate In part for that of the cuts for which there is a smaller The fact is :vident that demand. n.any persons who desiri, to eat more meat, especially beef and lamb, are denying themselves. People do not realize that the necessity for conservation of foods, especially meat, no longer exists, except as a matter of reasonable economy and prevention of sinful waste. We have in prospect the greatest wheat crop In our history: we had In 1918 by far the largest production of pork we ever had. as well as a great Increase In our beef, lamb and dairy production. ss self-denia- l. IS NECESSARY 1. 1919 1, 1.60-- 3.90 Decline Mean per cent decline. 14 per cent Prices of Choice and Prime Beef Steers on Foot at Chicago. (CENTS PER POUND) March 1. 1919 beef-makin- STERILIZATION Does Not Need Beef. The war is over. In a little while the presence of American soldiers in Kurope will be "a memory of noble sacrifices. We must not forget that tlie principal use for the beef we shipped over seas in such quantity was for the men in uniform. Europe, short of food though It is, does not need beef from the United States so much as it needs our pork. The stocks of cattle in the most of Europe have not suffered seriously In numbers during the war. Indeed, outside the areas actually overrun by the contending armies, cattle stocks have fairly held Iheir own and in some cases even in- -, creased. Stocks of hogs and sheep have suffered much more severely than have cattle. It is also well known that Europe turned to South America and Australia for beef and lamb as soon as shipping conditions permitted. England and Italy are now buying in those markets. The United States, however, Is the only large pork surplus nation, and Europe, suffering for fats with her stocks of swine greatly reduced, can consume our pork surplus readily. The beef and lamb now awaiting market on our farms and ranges must, therefore, find its outlet not overseas but at home. In 1918, for the first time In many years, the production of meat anlmnls gained ground in the losing race with growth of population. This was made possible by the earnest and patriotic efforts of our live stock producers, and unless beef and lamb consumption Is row Increased to its potential maximum, without needless waste, we are in danger of throwing away the advance we have made under war pressure. Prices Compared. It is Important to present the facts concerning the prices for live stock and the prices for meat wholesale and retail. The following comparison exhibits the decline in the prices of cattle on foot: Prices of Medium and Good Beef Steers at Chicago. (CENTS PER POUND) j EXTRA LABOR 8 DULL TOOLS Washing of Dairy Utensils by Process Average Farmer Does Not Realize Tremendous Amount of Work He Ordinarily Used Is Not Always Is Making Himself. Sufficient :abineti Whatever channel the mind sets Itself in, the life will follow: for It Is invariably true that life always follows he thought. Trine. by the United States Department of Agriculture.) y Sterilization of dairy utensils is for the production of dairy products of high quality, particularly milk and cream, because the washing of dairy utensils, at least by the process ordinarily used. Is not sufficient to Innec-snr- jure freedom from Infection and con- tamination. More Attention to Rye. Rye Is receiving more attention In the United tSates now than ever before. More acres and more bushels of rye were harvested In 1918 than In any previous year la the history of the country. Labor spent by the farmer In sharpening his tools and Implements earns a thousand per cent Interest, declares Prof. II. II. Musselman of the MichiThe avergan agricultural college. age farmer Is Inclined to go along with dull edges, little realizing the tremendous amount of extra labor he Is making himself. Gargety Milk. Gnrgety or clotty milk Is quite common. The presence may be noted only slightly In some eases while at other times It becomes very serious. No known cause can be given but It Is generally due to some abnormal condition of the cow's udder. Butter for Storing. Cows Need More Than Grass. Butter to be stored In the home dairy cows cannot sho'ild be made of out of sweet, pasteurized or raw cream subsist on pasture alone and maintain their standard of prpductloo. ripened only slightly. clean-flavore- g Jj ' HEL. FUL HINTS. To the average cook with little and less ingenuity a bowl of chicken broth, a cold boiled potatoes, a cupful of tomato, a wedge of cheese will appear like "'the primrose upon the river's brim, a simple primrose it was to him, and it was nothing more."" It is neither possible nor is It wise to carry a large number of recipes or proportions of ingredients in one's mind, but the efficient woman will have a card index, a notebook or a chart on which she notes the possibilities of various small amounts of materials which in othor homes are thrown out, left to spoil or are used carelessly In foods so that their charm of flavor Is half-doze- lost. The pleasant thing about this system Is that it is always growing, new dishes will occur to one and the list will grow. Then when going to the ice chest and finding a bowl Jf chicken broth, visions of all the savory dishes which may be seasoned with that savory food will be realized in some good dish, as it takes but a moment to turn to the recipe. Another helpful convenience of the card catalogue idea is to have the system carried out in other ways in the household. Under linens put cards labeled "bed linen," on the card numbers of sheets, pillowslVps, size and where they are. This is not only a convenience when absent to pass on, but in case of fire loss to give a correct inventory. Attached to the medicine closet should be a card always where it can be found at once, especially where there are many little people, giving first aids in case of accident and antidotes for common poisons. The older children should be taught how to use this knowledge, as often lives are lost because nobody knew what to do quickly. It is a frequently noted fact that the people who know what to do or where to go to tmd out, rarely take time to go into hysterics In an emergency; they are too busy doing things. , We invite what we fear, the samv as by different attitude of mind we invite and attract the influences and conditions we desire. R. W. Trine. SUMMER SALAD WITH DRESSINGS We all enjoy something different In salads and ihe ingenious cook is ever combining new materials to make appetizing dishes. Virginia Salad. Cut cold cooked potato in cubes, using one ' and a half cupfuls, add one cooked cauliflower cut in flow- erettes and three tomatoes cut in quarters. Marinate each of these vegetables separately in French dressing, using four tahlespoonfuls of olive oil and two of tarragon vinegar, three-fourtof a teaspoonful of pepper sauce and half a teaspoonful of suit. Cut one and one-hacupfuls of chicken in cubes, three eggs cut In small pieces and mix with the marinated potato, with mayonnaise seasoned with catsup. Place the chicken mixture in the center of the dish, cover with tomato mayonnaise and garnish with cauliflower and lettuce with one tomato arranged alDecorate with one d ternately. eggs, cut in eighths, and nasturtium seeds. Tomato Jelly Salad. Take two cupfuls of tomato juke, either fresh or canned; to it add cupful of mild vinegar, two tahlespoonfuls ol gelatin, a tablespoonful of sugar, bit of bnylenf. leaves from two stalks of celery, two slices of onion and one and .ine-hatahlespoonfuls of lemon Juice. Stir and cook over heat until the gelatin Is dissolved, then strain. Set jelly In crushed ice and when It hegins to stiffen, odd fresh raw dandelion leaves cut In bits. MoH the jelly ; when Arm turn out on a platter and garnish with s cooked .egg, green pepper and which hiive been cut In pieces and fringed at each end. then put Into Ice water to curl. Cabbage may be used instead of dandelion leaves. Joe's Dressing.- - Take one teaspoonful, each of salt and mustard, two of sugar, a dash of cayenne, f a whole egg, one and of flour, two tahlespoonfuls of corn oil, half a cupful of evaporated h cupful each of vinemilk, gar and water. Mix the dry Ingredl-- . ents and then cook all together Id ft Jouble boiler. lf hard-cooke- d hard-cooke- one-fourt- h lf (Prepared 3ya scnl-llon- one-hal- one-fouri- table-spoonfu- ls 1 Mayor Gillen of Newark supervising the sale by the municipality to the, public ot provisions bought from the government. 2 The U. B. 88, first German submarine to enter the Mississippi. In dry dock at New Orleans for minor repairs. 3 First photograph or the "million dollar fire" at Columbry-!es-BeIleFrance, when junked, airplanes and other material were burned. s, the victims of economic conditions beAlready the railroads of the country greatly hampered by the strike of OF yond anybody's control. Their asser- are the shop workers. This was not autions that they make an almost profit and often operate at a thorized by the national unions, and it loss do not seem to make much imbegan to collapse when the president pression on either the public or the told the men their demands would not agencies of justice. That their state-meat- s be considered until they resumed work. are not always ingenuous is inBoth England and France are hanPresident Addresses Congress on stanced by the following assertion of the "commercial research department" dling their tremendous labor difficulties Cost of Living and the Posof one of the big five: fairly well. In the former the strike "The general high price level is not of city policemen seems to be a failsible Remedies. due to manipulation. This is shown ure, though In Liverpool tt was accompanied by serious rioting. In France by a recent report of the war industries board, which proves that prices the workers have sensibly agreed to PACKERS TO BE PROSECUTED in other countries of the world have postpone all strikes for six months and risen as much as or more than they meantime they will join with the emhave In the United States, and that ployers and the government in earnest General Campaign Is Started Against this has been true even in countries efforts to solve the problems of wages Profiteers Railway Unions Derelatively unaffected by war conditions, and prices to stimulate greater production, which alone, it Is believed, such as Japan and Australia." mand More Pay, Urge the The Is Is truth Australia that glutted can save their coutnry from economic' Plumb Plan and Threaten with food products and its people are disaster. It would be an immeasurto Strike. struggling to keep prices up to a prof- able blessing if some of the common itable level. Also, while there was a sense that has moved the French laBy EDWARD W. PICKARD. big advance in the prices of Japan's borers to keep up production could be The open season for profiteers has chief food, rice, it was admittedly due instilled in the American workers so come. If there is a bright spot In the to the manipulations of hoarders and they might realize that in cutting off world's sky, that is it. For the rest profiteers and was the cause of riots production they are cutting their own the clouds are black enough to suit and of government action. throats. the most confirmed pessimist. Government officials, investigating Chicago's race war, which at bottom The sugar situation 'is confusing all have nnd statements are as conflicting as was largely industrial and partly pobodies, Individual economists been earnestly seeking for the prime those relating to the packing industry. litical, practically came to an end, and causes of the high cost of living. The However the government believes the on Thursday more, than 3,000 colored greedy profiteer who bat- sugar men also are profiteering and employees of the packing houses retens on the misfortunes of the people three officials of the Pittsburgh branch turned to work. As they walked in, a is the most easily discerned of those of a Chicago concern were arrested. large number of white employees laid causes and Is going to be the first to It Is asserted that scalpers have vast down their tools and quit, some of be dealt with. All the sympathy he quantities of sugar stored away and them because most of the colored that dealers are forced" to buy where workers are nonunion and others begets must come from himself. President Wilson appeared before they can and pay what Is asked. In cause they objected to laboring under police and military protection. congress Friday and delivered a scholthis, as in the case of other food prodarly essay on the subject, which In- ucts, the accused say the government After Bela Kun and his communist cluded various recommendations for is partly to blame for shipping vast legislative action, and told what the supplies to Europe and thus creating government of Huugary quit and made government already is doing in the a domestic shortage. The concerted way for the Socialists things moved way of curbing the operations of the attacks by federal and local authorirapidly in Budapest. The Roumanian He urged the permanent ties caused Immediate and sharp de- army, which had routed the Hungarian profiteers. extension of the food control act, a clines in the wholesale prices of many Red troops, advanced to the city and law regulating cold storage, a law refoods, but there was little evidence occupied it, and Roumania Issued an quiring that all "goods' entering inter- that he consumer was profiting by the ultimatum to Hungary which was not state shipment be marked with the declines, which seemed to put some of countenanced by the allied peace council. Therefore French and American producers' price, prompt enactment of the onus on the retailers. the pending capital issues bill, and, troops were sent to Budapest and assumed control and the Roumanians The federal trade commission latewhat seems to the writer most important of all, the passage of a law re- ly has been making an inquiry into the were told they must get out. Next the quiring federal licensing of all corpor- shoe business, and has Informed con- socialist government was overthrown ations engaged In Interstate commerce. gress that the high prices of shoes are and its members arrested and Archduke Joseph assumed power with the The president did not overlook the due to the unprecedented and unjustiopportunity to push the immediate fied profits taken by the slaughterers, title of governor of the state. He was ratification of the peace treaty and tanners, manufacturers and dealers. supported by the entente mission In league covenant. He devoted much of Here, again, the packers are hit. for the city and announced he would form 'is message to assertions,' In varied they are charged with causing an un- a coalition cabinet with Stephen form, that until peace is established warranted increase in the price of B'riedrich as premier. only provisional and makeshift results hides, the supply of which they are The Austrian peace delegates made can be accomplished in the way of re- said to control. their counter-proposato the treaty ducing living costs. There can be no of terms submitted by the allies. These settled conditions anywhere in the Following up the memorandum World, he declared, until the treaty is the locomotive engineers presented to were unexpectedly mild and the of the Austrians are. almost out of the way1. Such views did not meet the president, fourteen railroad uniwith the approval of most of the Re- ons acting as a unit handed to Director pathetic. They assert that too much General Hines a demand for wage Interritory is taken from their country, publican congressmen, and their indignation was aroused by the fact that creases with a general program de- citing especially the Tyrol and souththe president used the domestic Issue signed to meet the present crisis. In- ern Bohemia, and say the war debt as a weapon In the contest over the volving the threat of a general railroad loaded on them is so heavy they are strike. They ask that congress appro- not sure the Austrian people can exist League of Nations. priate the money to provide increased under such conditions. g Most prominent of the alleged profitpay and that the proper eers are the Chicago packers, the "big body then determine what Increases Japan, through Foreign Minister Uchlda, promises to restore Shantung Ave" who are reputed to control much if any should be made in rates.. to China on conclusion of arrangeSome of the world's food supplies. "Any permanent solution of the railtime ago they were investigated by the road problem must necessarily remove ments with the Peking government to federal trade commission and that body the element of returns to capital as the carry out the pledge given In the sole purpose of operation," say the ngreement of 1915. President Wilson, made a report that vas bitterly atunions, and so the director general Is however, now reveals the fact that the tacked by the defenders of the packers. Now with that report as a basis asked to recommend to President WilJapanese peace delegates gave subPresident Wilson has directed the de- son that he try to obtain the passage stantially the same promise In the conference of April 30 withPlumb -allied partment of justice to Institute at once by congress of the out any reference to the agreement of civil and criminal proceedings against plan. This plan, in eliminating prithe big five. The attorney general stat- vate capital from the railroads, not 1915. The president believes the Japed that he was satisfied the evidence only proposes but demands that the anese statement clears up the doubt developed Indicated a clear violation present private owners be reimbursed about the Shantung affair. Secretary of the anti-trulaws, and that Isador with government bonds for "every hon- of State Lansing told the senate forJ. Kresel of New Tork was in charge est dollar that they have Invested';, eign relations committee that China had never protested to the president of the prosecution. The packers are that the public, the operating managements, and labor share equally In corto be accused of unfnirly and Illegally against the Shantung settlement by vising their power to manipulate live porations to take over the railroads, the allied peace council; that the nnd that in all revenues In excess of clause was accepted by the decision of stock markets, to restrict Interstate and International supplies of foods, to the guarantee to private capital the op- the president and that he. Mr. Lancontrol the prices of dressed meats erators and employees share sing, did not believe it was needed to and other foods, to defraud both the "either by Increasing the means for obtain Japan's adherence to the producers and the consumers of foods, service without increasing fixed charg- League of Nations. to crush competition, to secure special es or by reducing the cost of the serSecretary of War Baker has preprivileges from railroads, stock yards vice, which the machinery then In sented to the house and senate comcompanies and municipalities, and to mittees on military affairs the adminprofiteer. The .deportment of justice The union leaders say that If the istration bill for a permanent military will proceed against them not only for laws but also Plumb plan Is rejected they will start policy. It calls for a regular army violation of the anti-truunder the provisions of the food law of a campaign both In and out of con- with a peace strength of 510.000 and a 1913 against the hoarding of food. gress that will compel Its adoption, war strength of 1,250,000, the rerves and they declare frankly that It Is their to be provided through a modified form of the selective service act Included As for the heads of the big pncklng hope that It will lead to the nationalicompanies, some of them profess to zation of all other basic Industries. ts a system of military training of dethree months for all eligible yottths in welcome the legal action as giving them Senator Thomas of Colorado their nineteenth year. This feature a chnnce to demonstrate to the public nounced the demands of the rail workers as and other mem- may gain for the bill the support of their Innocence, harmlessness nnd helplessness, nnd nil of them repent their bers of congress shared his opinion, the advocates of universal mUl'v? trnlnl.it:. tft heard protestations that they are though they were less outspokeu. NEWS REVIEW Infin-itesm- al CURRENT EVENTS ls . com-plaiu- ts v rate-makin- Inter- st one-hal- f, ." near-treaso- |