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Show THE BEAVER PRESS, BEAVER, UTAH An Airport for Every Town Will Be Possible if Plan Before Congress, Granting Federal Aid, Is Passed jOD U.S. Funds Would Match An Argentine official was addressing a gathering of Col. Peron's officers clique. He shouted: "The plutocrats who are responsible for this By The war must not go unpunished Yankee and British imperialists who are trying to squeeze our beloved Argentina to the wall attempted to do the same to Germany. That is ! In asking for this federal aid or subsidy for the development of air transportation the CAA is not without precedent. Declaring that we are entering "an air age of transportation vital to the unified growth of the nation's commerce," it points out that the government has always aided all forms of transportation in their early stages. CAA estimated that it will cost approximately $1,250,000,000, spread over 5 to 10 years to carry through a national airport program adequate to the nation's aviation needs, including purchase of land and construction of terminal buildings. A detailed survey of the nation's airport facilities by CAA indicates that for this billion and a quarter dollar cost, 1,625 of the country's existing 3,255 airfields can be improved, and 3,050 new airports can be constructed for a total of 6,305 Ed- conple of dainty debs tripped Into a swank bar. "I never drink in the afternoon," said the first, expertly settling herself on the stool, "but I'm simply beat. Gotta have something to pep me up." "Me, too," moaned her friend, "What were you doing?" "Oh, gahd," was the reply, "I just came from the most awful cockA At the Metropole Cafe folks disnews cussing the mentioned that "Frisco" isn't the term San Franciscans prefer when referring to that great city. "Hmmmm," remarked a wag, hear from Joe San "whaddaya Francisco lately?" A San Francisco gazette of the crime - ridden Gold Rush period carried this item: "Some contend that there are really no laws in force here but the divine law and the law of nature; while others are of the opinion that there are The mother of a bobbysoxer had a rude awakening the other day She learned her daughter was no longer a child. The daughter'i friend had planned a gathering for a group of youthful sailors, Just re cently pressed into the service was leaving When the teen-age- r the house, the mother said, "Have a good time at the party, dear, and bo a good girl." To which daughter quipped: "Oh, mother, make up your mind!" full-sca- The Class 1 airport, known popularly as an "airpark," is designed for small private owner type planes up to 4,000 pounds gross weight. Fields of this class are designed to serve small communities, and as auxiliary airports in larger metropolitan areas. There are no paved runways, but landing strips with clear approaches must measure 1,800 to 2,700 feet long and 300 feet wide. Recreational facilities, such as parks, tennis courts and golf courses will surround the airpark in many cases. four-squa- The legislation now before conairplanes or the air lines after the gress for approval would provide war. that the state designate a single It is pointed out that even those agency through which the CAA who do not fly will utilize airport could negotiate, contract for confacilities as patrons of air mail, air struction, etc., and all construction freight and air express. Ton miles would be in charge of local sponsors of mail flown in the last four years on plans and specifications reviewed has increased from 10,000,000 in and approved by CAA. 1940 to 54,000,000 in 1944. The plan would work in much the Up to 1942 approximately 4,000,000 same manner as highway construcpassengers a year rode the air tion for secondary and feeder roads. lines. Predictions are that this air Local communities would make ar- travel will see a jump durrangements with the designated ing the first postwar decade. In addistate agency to take advantage of tion there will be private pilots, ownthe federal grant and with the CAA ers and renters of planes drawn dealing with the state agency. from such sources as the 350,000 Subject to revision the proposed army and navy pilots, the present 150,000 civilian pilots and students, plans call for the following total construction costs for new and im- the 250,000 students taking aeroproved airports: Alabama, $12,185,-00- nautical courses in the high schools Arizona, $10,935,140; Arkansas, each year, the 2,250,000 men trained $35,109,634; California, $56,912,500; by the armed forces In aviation Colorado, $12,178,000; Connecticut, skills other than piloting, and the almost equal number employed in $2,684,000; $16,350,000; Delaware, aviation factories. Florida, $23,734,630; Georgia, $9,310-00Idaho, $9,085,300; Illinois, At the present time there are five Indiana, $16,032,000; Iowa, federal aid airport bills pending in $9,951,500; Kansas, $7,732,000; Kencongress, three in the house of reptucky, $7,865,000; Louisiana, resentatives and two in the senate. Maine, $19,565,000; MaryThe senate measures, however, are land, $14,065,000; Massachusetts, identical with thf house bills. air$29,931,000; Michigan, $22,813,000; In support of this federal-aiMinnesota, $11,736,000; Mississippi, port legislation. Secretary of Com$10,740,000; Missouri, $18,923,000; merce Henry Wallace testified reMontana, $10,473,100. cently before the aviation asserting that action taken on $7,824,000; Nebraska, Nevada, measures the New proposed would deter$14,934,-00$4,752,100; Hampshire, New Jersey, $31,9G8,780; New mine the progress of airport development in the country for the Mexico $33,016,594; New York, North Carolina, $19,776,-00- next quarter of a century. North Dakota, $3,842,000; Ohio, Would Provide Employment. $31,161,000; Oklahoma, $37,300,440; "I believe," Mr. Wallace said, total of 4,008. Oregon, $6,579,000; Pennsylvania, "that civil aviation will be a In setting up the total cost of these $46,667,000; Rhode Island, $6,069,-00most important factor in the postproposed airports. CAA did not inSouth Carolina, $12,837,000; clude cost of land or buildings. It South Dakota, $4,730,500; Tennessee, war drive for economic expansion0 and full employment. Our does include, however, preparation $13,142,000; $120,923,152; Texas, aircraft manufacturing inof the land such as clearing, grub- Utah, $12,120,790; Vermont, $12,867,-001,700,000 workers employing dustry and excavation bing, grading, Virginia, $23,239,000; Washing- must, like all munitions industries, and drainage, surface conditioning ton, $20,158,000; West Virginia, undergo very drastic deflation." s fencing, paving of runways, Wisconsin, $17,944,000; WyoWhile in the past a considerable and aprons, installation of all ming, $3,472,000; total $1,021,567,945. portion of aviation activity has been lighting including beacons, obstrucThe civil aeronautics administra- confined to the larger cities and tion, runway and taxiway flood or tion in the department of commerce towns, the proposals of the CAA are contact lights; radio facilities and will furnish detailed information to designed to take aviation to the such as approach miscellaneous, any of the 6,305 cities and towns country and the small rural comclearing, access roads, marking and selected to become a part of this munities throughout the nation. If landscaping. network. national airport these communities take advantage Small Ports Get 60 Per Cent. Soon. Start of the federal grants in aid, once May 58 Surveys cent of the Approximately per Of the total appropriation, the they are authorized, it will bring total appropriation would be spent for new airport facilities, with 42 CAA is asking congress for a aviation direct to the farmer at per cent for improvement of exist- $3,000,000 appropriation to be im- least insofar as he wishes to use air ing airports. Funds for class 1 and mediately available for detailed transport in the shipment of farm 2 airports comprise 60.6 per cent of plans and surveys. According to commodities and the use of air the total proposed appropriation, or estimates of the CAA and private transport and travel in his busiapproximately $155,650,623 for class aeronautic agencies, such as the ness of operating a farm. Mer1 airports and $463,443,567 for the aeronautical chamber of commerce, chantswillin the small oncommunities, a par with be placed 65 per cent of the people will fly too, class 2 ports. his city brethren in the receipt and shipment of freight and express, once aviation service has been brought to the small towns, as is proposed under this national network plan. It, however, is up to the local communities included in the proposed plan to take up the cudgel for local sponsorship and local expenditure of 50 per cent of the funds necessary to comply with CAA plans and specifications. Then it apparently is up to these local sponsors to contact their state agency designated as nnntiWnwwl -- .aMtuTiMi imnnnnm , . Mi. the proper source for collaboration with the federal agency in order to The "A' shaped runway Is designed for Class 2 airports, serving comobtain the grant-in-aias authorized munities of 5,000 to 25,000 population. It will accommodate planes by congress. between 4,000 and 15,000 pounds. Five Classes of Fields. For the basis of allocating funds to the several states, the CAA has made a study of community needs and set up five classifications for airports necessary for communities on the basis of population and need. are: These five classifications Class 1 suitable for private owner small type aircraft with two airstrips 1,800 to 2,700 feet long, 300 feet wide. Class 2 for larger type private owner aircraft and smaller transport planes for local and feeder service, with airstrips 2,700 to 3,700 feet long and 500 feet wide. Class 3 to e accommodate present day transport aircraft with several landing strips 3,700 to 4,700 feet long and 500 feet wide. Classes 4 and 5 to serve the largest aircraft now in nse and those planned for the immediate future, with multiple landing strips 4,700 to 5,700 feet long and 500 feet wide. The proposed national plan of the CAA would provide for improvement of existing airports as follows: 303 class 1; 699 class 2; 349 class 3; 213 class 4, and 61 class 5. In addition, construction of new airports is provided as follows: 2,597 of class 1; 1,101 of class 2; 101 class 3; 520 class 4, and 336 class 5. According to this CAA survey of the 15,000 towns of under 5,000 population, only 1,546 now have airports, of which 313 are not now usable. The proposed program would improve existing ports and build 3,744 new airports in these towns for a ld twin-engin- laws in force here, if they could only be found" . . . Newspaper men of that day hurled insults both: verbally and in print. Some wrote satirical verse. They took sides in political quarrels to the point of fist fights and duels. One editor hung a placard over his desk, reading: "Subscriptions received from 9 to 4; challenges from 11 to 12 only." labor-managem- 1 airports. tail party." A west coast war plant has discovered a unique way of checking absenteeism. A committee investigates all employes who do not report for work. If It is found that an Individual has been needlessly absent, the following payday he receives sttme Jap currency In his envelope and a note which reads: "The extra money is a bonus sent by the Mikado. It Is Hlrohito's personal reward for your failure to report for work. He was glad to pay yon for not making the war materials our soldiers need." fN.V : postwar airport construction program to be allocated the states as federal grants on a fifty-fift- y cost basis. ward R. Stettinius, in a letter to Rep. Jack Anderson of California (dated January 28, 1945) wrote that the U. S. "should not enter into normal diplomatic relations with the Fascist military clique which is in control of Argentina." "You chose a good time to come," the barber continued. "Mark Twain is going to lecture tonight Think you'll be going?" "Oh. I guess so." "Have you bought your ticket? If you haven't, you'll have to stand, 'cause everything is sold out," warned the barber. cussed Twain. "I "Doggone!" never saw such confounded luckl Every time that fellow lectures, I save to stand!" White House, devised a strategy efagainst Japan, which, if put into fect, might have prevented Pearl Harbor and even World War II. Today, the old Leahy strategy is being dusted off, especially on Capitol Hill, as the best means of finishing the war with Japan. It would save thousands of American lives, Its proponents claim, and would serve as an example of how wars can be won or prevented by naval blockade. The proposals made by Admiral Leahy constitute one of the most important and unwritten chapters in the history of what happened shortly before the war began. Leahy, then chief of naval operations and one of the best strategists the navy has seen in years, saw all too clearly what was coming both in Europe and Asia. At that time, 1937, Japan had just invasion of begun her China, and it was Leahy's idea to make an example of Nippon which would show Hitler and then feeling their Mussolini oats that the United States meant business and would stand behind the peace machinery of the world. Therefore, he proposed to Roosevelt a naval blockade of Japan in cooperation with the British fleet, using the peace machinery of the League of Nations and the nine-- j power pact which guarantees the sovereignty of China. Leahy argued that by keeping the U. S. Navy in the Philippines and the British fleet at Singapore, we could cut off all oil, scrap iron, copper, cotton and other war ma terials from Japan. Without these, he argued, the Japanese war machine would be powerless and would fold up in six months. Leahy figured that the United States would lose its gunboats on the Yangtze river, but that aside from this the main U. S. fleet would not have to fire a single shot. British Start Blockade. President Roosevelt agreed. So did the British. And in the late summer of 1937, the British actually detailed 6 battleships, 12 cruisers and 20 destroyers to leave British home waters for Singapore. Just at that moment, however, the axis capitals apparently got wind of what was happening, and Mussolini started his unofficial submarine campaign off the coast of Spain which detained the British fleet at Gibraltar. The Panay Incident. At any rate, the plan to blockade Japan, following the failure of the Brussels conference In October, 1937, was dropped. But Admiral Leahy revived it again a year later, when, in December, 1938, the Japs sank the U. S. Gunboat Panay and the British Gunboat Ladybird. Leahy recognized this for what it was, a deliberate attempt by the Jap war lords to test out how much insult the United States would take, and to make Britain and the USA lose face with the Chinese. Accordingly he rushed to the state department and all one Sunday afternoon, December 13, 1938, one day after the sinking of the Panay, he urged Cordell Hull to seize this psychological moment to put the blockade of Japan into effect. The British were also willing to cooperate. And, Leahy pointed out, in another year, war, inevitably breaking out in Europe, would tie up the British fleet and they could not possibly help us in the Pacific. Russia, he also pointed out, had 60 submarines at Vladivostok, ready to help us cut off all scrap iron, all oil, all cotton and copper from Japan. Without these, he argued, the Japanese war machine would be paralyzed. Pacing the floor of Hull's office with Leahy was Hugh Wilson, to Germany and one of the state department's foremost He opposed Leahy at every turn, finally convinced cautious Cordell Hull that Leahy was too vigorous, that it was best to appease Walter A. Shcad Taking a page from the book of the public roads administration, the civil aeronautics administration is asking congress for an appropriation to provide for a billion - dollar Jewish-Bolshevi- In the course of one of his lecture tours, Mark Twain made a stopover at a small California town. Before dinner he visited the barber shop for a shave. . . . "You're a stranger in town, aren't you?" quer- led the barber. "Yes," Twain replied. "This is my first time here." STRATEGY AGAINST JAPAN Adm. William Back in 1937-3Leahy, now chief of staff to the WNU Staff Correspondent. why the German nation under Hitler struck back at their enemies. k Nor can we allow the alliance (which emanates from Moscow) to hem us in. We, too, must try to 'save the world from the Red menace!' " At that moment a messenger placed a slip of paper into the speaker's hand. He glanced at it and read, "Argentina invited to World Security Conference." Startled, the official cleared his throat and resumed: "And so, in conclusion, gentlemen, I say, 'Long live Democracy!" Dep't: Washington, D. C. Community's, Dollar fop Dollar, in Building Notes of a New Yorker: j j 0; 0; 0; d 0; 0; $19,000,-000,00- 0; taxi-way- From a commercial standpoint, it would be possible to give service to many small communities that cannot afford to maintain airports. The helicopters would make stops every 25 to 90 miles, depending on the distribution of population. Since trips between 50 and 250 miles account for 25 per cent of all travel, the helicopter service would be a popular form of transportation, it is thought. Th air busses would travel about miles per hour, in contrast to the 250 or more miles per hour of commercial air liners, but, since time lost going to and from distant airports would be eliminated, total travel time would not be much greater in the helicopters, at least for short trips. Most of the shorter journeys were made by private pas90 senger autos before the war. at average speeds of 50 miles per hour. The air busses can obviou$' cut this time almost in half. re a By PaulMallon Released by Western Newspaper KAISER SETS PACE IN RECONVERSION PLANS SAN FRANCISCO.-T- he coast has about the same p0suw! worry as the rest of the country bm in more accentuated and positta form because of the vast expansion throughout the state in planes, ship, yards and other war industries. The Kaiser shipyards industry, for example, has been losing about 5,000 employees a month. The last four pages of their newspaper in its kit Issue contained want-ad- s of workeri seeking ride - sharing automobile seats to return home. Their yardi payroll at Richmond near here has been cut from peak employment of 93,000 down to 49,000 already (and it has had 500,000 different persons employed in the past four years). I met the emperor of this most fabulous accumulation of American industries during the war, Henry J. Kaiser, and talked with him for more than an hour. His is not only the largest but most varied of all the nation's strictly new war enterprises and contains 100 Industries. Thus he also has the biggest of all Henry J. the problems of re Kaiser conversion and I was interested in ascertaining how he would meet it. He is a crisp, heavy-se- t man with a knowledge of what is needed and with unlimited ideas of how to do the job. He has both business hope and faith a confidence that the Imagination of the American people will devise methods of carrying forward our Industrial postwar system and faith that it cannot fail. What he aggressive lone wolf industrial fighter that he is thinks the country needs primarily is competition. The first postwar industry to which he is turning his attention He was Is, naturally, shipping. growling about another business leader who made a speech a few days back advocating scrapping of the American merchant marine. We now have more ships than any nation ever had on the seas, (number is a military secret) and he thinks they should be used. This will require government subsidy in Ms opinion because competing European lines have subsidies. I judge that he has in mind American acquisition of the trade which Japan formerly had in the Orient. He did not mention a current rumor that he may build postwar ships for Russia, although I saw him shortly after he left Molotov. HAS MANY PLAN'S The nation also needs 2,000,000 homes, low cost homes, and he sees in this field vast opportunities for postwar activity. In his opinion. Transportation should be entirely revised. A lower cost fare should be worked out on the railroads. Speed highways should be extended, as the nation in the future will continue to move out from the cities. He sees opportunities for building lower cost cars in the automobile industry (which he does not believe is competitive now) and great possibilitiei in development of health facilities for the people. He would promote health facilities In every possible way to a scope amounting to i national industry. Here is a man with ideas and the kind of energetic imagination which conceives new ventures when old ones fail. He is now in metals, cotor nceiving a new magnesium alloy steel, a new kind of plaster, gypsum, planes, chemicals. BELIEVES IN COMPETITION He is also in coal and steel, and in each industry he attempts to maintain a competitive spirit. He keepi three offices in Washington instead of one and thus promotes greater work energy among his own ployees and, of course, more production. I suspect his own reconversion Less than one year later, Hitler plan is already well under ta is much had invaded Poland, the British fleet was desperately needed to defend about him expanding into foreign British home waters, and the fat production in Latin America and was in the fire. From that point on elsewhere. there was no possible way the His enthusiastic spirit is symbolic United States could blockade Japan of the feeling among other business though many people have never men with whom I talk throughout understood why we went to the op- this area. In this respect it is some' posite extreme and increased our what different from the East where shipments of oil and scran Imn the trend runs to pessimism Japan so that she laid in tremendous doubt, although labor is going borne reserves before Pearl Harbor, in droves. Japan Caa Be Starved. Everyone out here figures the JP But beginning with Day, the war to take another year (my gucs' possibility of blockading Japan for Is somewhat less than that) ana the first time since 1939 was com sees San Francisco and the Pa new pletely reversed. Since Day, the coast as gateways to the British fleet is entirely free to operthe of opened island empires ate In the Pacific. So are Russian cific and the Orient. We may submarines. So is the whole might poet a doubling of our trade of the U. S. Navy, now no and perhaps more. longer tn needed to watch for submarines in There is much remaining of ambit'O" the Caribbean or the Atlantic. forty-nine- r strike gold Today it is possible to throw up among these business people and such a naval blockade around the would not be surprised if they mj main Jap islands, augmented by air their postwar problem patrols, that hardly a ton of raw heavier than any other section, materials could reach Jap factories well m any another. well-advise- d j Motor Bus Lines Plan 'Air Bus9 Service to Reach Small Communities le .' Japan. d Gelett Burgess edited a magazine called "The Lark" in the 90s. One It is estimated that, even with of its famous contributors of nonairports throughout the sense verse was Carolyn Wells. It many small some 50,000,000 people will country, in was "The Lark" that Burgess' not have direct air transportation. classic, "The Purple Cow," apTo take care of these folks, several one: this "I and lovt also peared, to operto go to lectures, and make the audi- motor bus companies hope which can ate helicopters, large ence stare, by walking 'round upon off and land in small areas. their heads and spoiling people's take These helicopters, or "air busses" hair!" be used for Journeys up to would Burgess was wise. He ditched the 250 miles. For greater distances, magazine while it was still thriving, connections with air lines would be explaining "I wanted it to die young made. and in its freshness." PEARSON fW OPfW News Behind V-- V-- r' |