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Show Mi BEAVER PRESS Operation of New Farm Parity Measure Puts U. S. Agriculture on 'Business' Basis When the WASHINGTON. history-makin- Farm Parity g law went into effect the first of this month American agri culture began for the first time to operate like a gigan I itiLt-U- i ' i""- tJO iHF A couiJt Mcoao! T luwu 0"tMTaTa) tAMfa KlUI Mutuant MaiWIooti m Micii O0 vC'IOAHTCtV w'.'UHMMIMMIDlMi ft . inn L, 7 I I V ( & J X f mat m coiy iuw than tic manufacturing organiza bum rmcTfft iaitt mu If M, IJ M I. farmer tion, with every guar anteed a definite sales price rro mm iu for the things he produces KUtHM,fMWuerM (' it tfr mtuaww Miefl.iKfMI fcS5 t :WW1I Tirta.M.ca fflf odiwwi acovi " oiat whether cereals, meats, fats, Mm, fil rHWt.w.cH a's'W tr MtMl mi tobacco, eggs, dairy products, fruits, poultry or cotton. wain iutin MM V. 'oatcaiT at (IT What does parity mean and ,M Mill m IHlKlllll f i :XU :Mmm how does it operate? aatfT wMvflOf witlTittfl Mtcil Simply that from now on the American farmer will re ceive prices for his products The graph above, prepared by the bureau of agricultural economics, that will give him a purchas' of the United States department of agriculture in Washington, Illustrates ing power equal to that which the current farm situation in the nation today. war good deal of last year's production pansion and down to the depression. he held in the years of 1909 to 1914. That in storage under loan. He is there Farm Values Rise and Fall. In a group of middle western was one of the most favor fore holding a equity in able farm price periods in his last year's production which he states the price of farm products can sell at better due to war more than doubled from 1910 to 1920. history. The farmer is guar conditions as well prices as the guarantee During this period land values also anteed a crop loan rate of 85 of parity prices. The farmer's last rose to record levels. After 1920 per cent, figured on a fixed year's production is like money in the reverse was true. But 1940 valuation basis. If prices go the bank. prices of farm products were only about as high as in 1920 Labor Cost Is Up. above parity he reaps the Increased taxes and higher costs and land values were likewise cut in benefit. If they fall below and for many of the half. that valuation the farmer's for farm labor Walter H. Ebling, a farm econothe farmer products buys will symist crops go into the govern phon part of the income studying land values, discovThe ered that a piece of typical farm ment's surplus bins and Uncle price the farmer pays for gain. fertilizer, ' Sam takes the loss. however, promises to be relatively land that was worth $100 an acre in the first days precedThe parity law will add a lower than for numerous other prod- ing the World"parity" war had reached a ucts. Teamwork between science billion dollars to American and price of $171 an acre in 1920 industry has combined to cut selling an increase of 71 per cent. By farm income this year, agri the cost A. L. of soil Improvement worth only $117, or a cultural 'economists predict. Mehring of the U. S. department of 1930 itof was $54 from 1920. Then during drop out that It will generate a buying pow agriculture recently pointed the low ebb yqars of the depression, now save er that will be translated into Americana farmers due to reductions in the value of this same piece of year expanding purchases of prao the cost of fertilizer resulting from land receded to $80. With some improvement in the tically every commodity the scientific research. after 1933, prices of farm 1 usii uniosl 5 f5 9 fl5 Mat TCKTVMKIfaM mtm- 1ST MiCHtaiis TCML , - IM, 00 MOMrCTtM. . MC4XH), TPC ; 1 I I & till MIOBUCn i wtMta ticaiatMWt Tmi twit' pre-Wor- ld good-size- d one-ha- lf $200,-000,0- farmer uses. Manufacturers have usually been able to name the price at which they wished to Bell the volume of their output. Now a floor has been placed under farm prices similar to the floor under industrial Income. So the fanner can roll up his sleeves and pitch In with the knowledge that he has been placed virtually on an economic equality with industry. With the manufacturer such a program has required good judgment concerning costs, desired profit, supply and demand, competition and the volume of production. To all intents and purposes a similar re sponsibility has been placed on agrt culture. $1.15 Wheat Assured. In order to prevent price breaks due to overproduction, safeguards restricting the volume of farm out put have been set by the new law, And to protect prices further, sur pluses of the farmer's production are limited to quantities that can be easily absorbed by the Federal Surplus Commodity corporation. Sponsors of the law believe It will assure farmers a return of at least $1.15 a bushel for wheat, 87 cents a bushel for corn, and 13 cents a pound for cotton. With an increasing demand, for farm products for de fense purposes and the "Feed Britain" program under the lease-lenbill, prices may easily rise above these levels. One thing is certain. Farm in come and farm expenditures will be sharply Increased by this new parity law. Last year agriculture received $9,120,000,000 for its production. The 1941 Income will mount well over $10,000,000,000, according to current forecasts of the U. S. department of agriculture. History has demonstrated that when national farm income rises above $7,000,000,000 a year, agricultural expenditures rise about as sharply as income. Another favorable factor is that at the present time the farmer has a d If K 1 f i Edward O'Neal, president of the American Farm Bureau federation. Operation of the farm parity measure culminates 23 years of effort on the part of this organization to bring abont these benefits. One of the almost inevitable results of increased farm income will be a rise in the value of farm land. The history of all past eras has shown that whenever farm products have risen in price for a considerable period, land has likewise risen in value. The rising trend may tempt many farmers to overexpan-sion- . As a matter of fact the improved outlook for agriculture has already caused many farm folks to consider buying an extra farm. If farmers will remember the aftermath of World War No. l's farm expansion a good many future headaches can be avoided. During that first World war American agriculture was pushed to the limit "Food Will Win the War" was the Under high pressure milslogan. lions of new acres came under cultivation. Prices pyramided. But after the Treaty of Versailles, agriculture fell into difficulties. And many farmers to this day feel the hangover twinges of that speculative . spree. Improve Soil Program. What is the alternative to the urge for more land today? It lies in diverting any extra money that comes in from the farm parity law into lines that will bring more permanent security at less risk in the long run. For Instance, paying off indebtedness, repairing old and putting up needed new farm buildings, improving livestock and increasing the fertility of the soil on the present farm. This last is especially important for on the productivity of the soil depends the farmer's ability to produce abundant crops for defense needs and to take advantage of the added income the parity law provides. And as a matter of fact farmers can actually "enlarge" their farms without incurring the hazards of overexpansion. "The secret lies in making the present farm acreage do a better production job," said a recent statement of the Middle West Soil Improvement Committee. "This means following a soil management program that will raise the land's total fertility level. "Even in the most productive areas the average farm can usually be enlarged, so to speak, the equivalent of 10 per cent and sometimes as much as 50 per cent through intelligent soil treatment. "In combination with other sound farming practices the use of fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potash is essential in stepping up the soil's productive capacity. Such a practice not only has an immediate effect in increasing the per acre yield of crops needed in the nation's defense effort but rep resents an important long range soil building program. It likewise means lower production costs and improved crop quality." The soundness of this principle may be appreciated by a brief but detailed study of the performance of farm land prices from the pre-1914 days through the World war ex- , Army Heads Endangered by Recent Sam has discovered startling weaknesses in army personnel, brought to light by recent war games. Congressmen are studying a new promotion system based more on real ability, less on Underfit and over-ag- e seniority. ombat commanders are to give way to younger men. Graduates of the new army school, which begins this month, will be selected for duty. Enrollment is based on army-wid- e competition. WASHINGTON.-Un- cle a Reservoir For European Livestock U. S. Is Now War Games Their slates will be the s face of Europe and their will contain the summarized lessons of modern "blitz" methods of battle. To the general public, official war maneuvers is a serious military game to train and develop fighting and tactical personnel and equipment To the soldiers it is more than that. It is a grim test of their personal qualifications, and literally thcyr heads hang beneath the "Damocles" sword of necessity. war-scarre- text-book- products the value of farm land rose slightly. By 1937 the piece of land Ebling studied would have been worth $89 or $9 more than during the lowest years of the depression but still $11 less than its value before the World war. When the recession of 1937-3- 8 carried the price of farm products down, farm lands again slipped in value. So by 1940 the piece of land would have been worth only $84, or $5 per acre less than in 1937 and $16 less than it was in the war period. pre-Wor- U. S. Civilian Blood Donors Asked by Army NEW YORK CITY.-Civil- ians on the home front can fill a new and important role in the national defense program by donating blood for transfusions to produce 200,000 half-piunits of dried blood plasma required by the army and navy during the fiscal year beginning this month, the war department announced recently. The aim of the blood plasma program, which is already under way on a small scale, is to build up a reserve not only to meet military emergencies but to succor the wounded in civilian catastrophes as well. This is a defense enterprise inof five comvolving the ponents of the national structure: is the public, which will be asked to donate the blood. The American Red Cross and the division of medical sciences of the National Research Council share the responsibility of directing the progam, while the Red Cross also enrolls the volunteer donors and provides the personnel and equipment to collect the blood. Commercial concerns in various parts of the country will process the blood. The army and navy will maintain the plasma reserve for general and war use, with the army acting as purchasing agent to deal with the commercial concerns. A "pilot" project to procure 15,000 units is already under way. Donors are supplying blood through their local Red Cross chapters as fast as it can be processed. Thysicians Volunteer. Plans for the larger objective of 200,000 units are still in their early stages. However, the American Red Cross and the division of medical sciences of the National Research Council have already enlisted the of leading physicians and surgeons in a dozen cities. These physicians, in with local Red Cross chapters, have promised to supervise the proper technique of drawing the blood from the volunteer donors. The army and navy have each estimated their needs at 100,000 units. The aim of the Red Cross and the National Research Council is to invite several drug and chemical concerns in various parts of the country to make bids for the processing work. In this way a strategic dispersion of the knowledge of preparing human blood in dry form will be accomplished and the chances of improving the technique are Increased. The medical departments of most armies of the world have recognized the value of dried blood plasma for transfusions and are building up a supply. Dipping fishinboil,v D0Ui aid scaling. w J neaungr thins I makes it pour easierMl I and Horses Are Fine Breeds of Cattle Protect Them Shipped Here to From Results of War. Ml By BAUKIIAGE Commentator. National Farm and Home Hour N. W., treasurehouse of the world's blooded WNTJ Service, 1343 H Street, stock. C. D. Washington, As a matter of fact, the 700,000 spiked the with hostess The tall cows and bulls which have long at look st fu the who gets head-dres- s mean made up America's America's new arrivals (I island, nobility need bow before no foreign Bedloe's of Miss Liberty, bovine. These 700,000 whose record some seen New York harbor) has of is kept with the strange sights lately. the department of their owners, that by shiploads anxious Some of the 325 now produces agriculture, pause at her doorstep hurrying some pounds of butter fat per cow per a tear, brought have westward a figure of 169 pounds, a worried frown, some a hopeful year, against which is the average for the rest of smile. cowdom. There was one group of refugees, of man, servants humble yet proud huddled below decks. Miss Liberty Action on Iceland could not see them. Had she been Startled Washington able to, she would have dipped her Washington was startled when on 20 minutes' notice the President antorch in welcome. For the war has brought to Amer- nounced that marines had landed ica some of the finest bloodstrains in Iceland. It should not have been. d of horses and cattle from the Secretary of the Navy Knox had said fields and pastures of Eu- it was time for more aid to Britain. rope. The President would not comment Today, this nation holds no great- on that statement He just acted. er treasure, in the deep vaults where So I won't be surprised to hear that the gold bullion is stored, than is familiar phrase "the marines have sheltered in barn and stable. Some landed" anywhere from Cape Town of the great breeds of livestock, to Singapore. which have been all but wiped out The next step will not be war eiin Europe, are preserved here. ther, in administration eyes. There Best Reservoir. may be shooting. But shooting "The United States now has the won't mean a declared war for some best reservoir of blooded livestock time. Not while Germany is tied up in the world," said a department of in Russia, anyhow. General Marshall's request for agriculture official to me the other day. permission to send troops outside The two tiny segments of Engthe Western hemisphere does not lish soil which the Nazis have taken mean he is grooming an expeditionfrom the British and the only two, ary force for Europe. There are so far held some of the finest dairy several reasons. stock in the world: the islands of There is no place to land troops Jersey and Guernsey, in the Eng- in Europe. An expeditionary force lish channel. When the British with- without armored divisions is N. G. drew they gave the islanders a An armored division is N. G. withchance to get out to go to England. out repair, replacement and supply Some of the herdsmen preferred to bases. To make an expeditionary stay with their herds. What has force against Hitler it would be nechappened to those herds now we can- essary to move Pittsburgh to France. not learn. We do know that many have been slaughtered for food or U. S. Surplus Agency because they could not be fed. Small p,eces of Wa, placed in a bag andW ing clothing. Because the kitchen j. J. should be provided 3 i - It makes a big differ,, serve hot foods on I hl i luuea . A swinging door befo, .iii;nen ana dining roomi venient household aid be installed in old as 'wellf homes. warn bomb-riddle- But just before that happened 100 head of the best Jersey breeding stock were sent over to the United States. And before the bombs began to rain too thickly on England the British did what they had never done before they exported to this country a number of thoroughbred horses, some of their finest racing stock which has never before been permitted to leave the islands, at any price. This stock, stallions and mares both, has been sold and delivered to wealthy American owners. Great Draft Horses. What happened to the great draft horses of France and Belgium, whose strains are already well established in America, is not known. Many, it is reported, were slaughtered because of lack of fodder to support them. Many were used for food, for even in the piping days of peace the continental has no preju dice against "steak equine." Now, America can boast all the d strains horses, sheep, cattle, hogs, and poultry. From now on, instead of being chiefly an inv porter, as we have been from the days when the first Spaniard brought in that strange animal that terrified the Aztecs, the horse, the Westprn hemisphere will be an exporter of pure-bloo- Diooaea stock. When the American farmer stands among his herds or flocks, or his wife admires her chicken yard, they often forget that the only livestock which live and breathes on this continent whose ancestors were not immigrants is the turkey. No wonder Benjamin Franklin thoupht it ought to be our national bird of the eagle, borrowed from Gathers Food Supplies Reports to the department of agriculture indicate that if all of the food available in the British Isles were divided up, the British people would be on about d of their normal ration. In the last three months the Surplus marketing administration of the department of agriculture has bought more than $300,000,000 worth of foodstuffs. A part of this is destined for Britain. How much has actually reached there even officials of the department do not know but they do know that more ships are being made available for this purpose than when the e bill became law. What is not sent to Britain, Milo Perkins, Surplus Marketing admin-istrato- r, explains, is being used by needy families and hungry children, here. Thanks to scientific advances it is now possible to produce enough food "to go round." "Up until the last few years, man has always lived in civilizations in which there was not enough to go round," said Mr. Perkins. "Today with our capacity to produce, it's physically possible to provide a living standard for all of our people That's the most important material thing that's happened to the human race since the discovery one-thir- if INVENTED SEWlrS-AMc- J N 1850. A ll KtStNTlNGiJ 1 v PtSTKOVED eotisrmnon puetoiaoc PROPEK 'BULK" IN THE PET 6 rETsun C0RRCT THE CAUSE OFM TRouae with CEREAL, she ce KEUO&S iSby :.buttor IT EVERY OM AW ensem fSP VJ&TFQ outf Feeling the Burden He who is of a calm ?rnNo. J to and L nature will hardly feel the sure of age. but to him who an opposite disposition youtt age are equally a burden.-- F requii Pantii Send 1 I Well-Ordere- By a tranquil mind I meant Ing else than a mind well orde: Marcus Aurelius. HOTEL BEN bbur tsCa :no1 LOMOND OGDEN, UTAH I Memories of an Old 'Opera House' Washington's "Opera House" Is time since since lts "Am itisaIu"g boards, for1"'8; bassador', tier" tte les "s nr Room. Bath . 2 Family Romi fof 4 ptrionu Air Cooled Lotm and UtiJ DlnintBoom CoffttShop TtF"" Bom of Klwanto ExrtH"J Rotary . Eichango Optlmiita Chamber ol Common and Al Gu IS Hotel Ben Lomond OCDEN. UTAH Bukart E. Vialdk. VtU WNU ' W MERCHANTS 1 Un',Cd Stat's mv men itself. 3. A lot of hiyh ar:,,v ,,,, believe charity begins at ho:,!c.' nL.?KC w - 5p Mind d ,8. urn. .' The "opera house" will h 6 SOon torn down along with it b"rs on the VW0 ncieh- One is the jSut'Si Park' sion with lt Ta'' man- wistaria-da- . HOUSP ' l! c..w?. em, d ln 1828. Law t was power f7u' :"wa - U re- - Ittle Whit . SdShMarkH'-in days, lived thpro The T;,yioe hUK( Madi.s.,n M',n,i ... ... '"' nd bU'It those with the Holly the C, mos t.: the ,. veii e! I'd ; IWISG ( US N' m. HXH . bnvn wo m mmc JUST A rm uiirM until DASH IN FEATHERS. VX 11 mm 11.'. Prime Minister Churchill-ma- ny British voices calling or, America for men Why will our higher-up- s try to silence these voices' 1. It reminds the too much of the last war W' ;hich inVCntion of fr Call for Men? From now on you may expect to hear-u- ntil or unless it is si. kneed by a White House tip to as fa de-ce- wheel" 1 bolero PRINK flEMT lend-leas- oMhe d,plomT,ic set the imperial Caesars. jeweled known as the "Bel ;us Today, there are more Hulstein sco tilcatcr,.. cows in the United States than oneof fleck with black and white the fields 7- of of u,. lt h.,s bccn a the province from which that On my prize milk-give- r way back gets its name. As a mate p.,rk the Vglanrpri other ter of fact, we have the world's recP at sad facadr- -2 ord Holstein producer of milk and windows blank. And . ' butter. or the first time in aU heir Other Bovine Breed. years And we have all the other' bovine breeds here, too. Ayreshires have ong been familiar figures on Amer-lea- n farms-v- en the red Danish cattle and the brown Swiss are '.ch 1 h"d as before. ,t read rnueh at home here as some of their 0n ""is site Cor m n . . better known sisters. a,,,ur John Roepi- - I,,..,. It is not that America lacked e " , .. house m it on,,ne,r"''t blood among its herds or flocks ,n attemnt was JA before the war- -it simply means A that assassl. . nate W a it the animal aristocracy has waro- - Rcc retary of stain h escaped the firing squad of the totalitarians We have now become the greatest no-bl- tO ,V0 a peliciow oYour Advertisin? Dollar buys something more thai to space and circulation news the columns of this paper. It buys space circulation plus the fa able consideration of ou readers for this newspap and its advertising patron LET US TELL YOtf MORE ABOUT 1 W |