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Show In. BEAVER CITY PRESS v. Live Stock TB High-Grad- Being Conquered S3 FACIvJ TWO PROVEN SIRES LOST TO FARMERS Wlicn are dairymen going to use proven sires Instead of, untried bull calves? anki D. L. Fout, field dairy-mawith the University of Idaho ag rlcultural extension division. When, also, will dairymen keep a promising young bull until testing records have either proved his worth or Indicated lilni worthless? Then he relates how dairymen proved two sires In Idaho without kunwlng It and turned them to butchers Just as they were Hearing the age of greatest usefulness. Association records from Canyon county show that seven daughters of one Jersey bull produced 3,0tU pounds of milk and 121 pounds of butterfut each more than their dam This bull was butchered before the daughters freshened and was hot given un opportunity to prove his worth. The owner stated thut every daughter of this bull later excelled her dum. Because he wanted another bull, and thought' be needed one, the herd sire proven but not recognized as such was sold to the butcher. This dulryman has been sorry ever since, writes O. A. Fitzgerald of Utah, In the Dairy Farmer. The Gooding county (Idaho) tester Is encouraging dairymen to be cautious In any move to dispose of a theoretically good bull that has not been given a full chance. The tester re ports the story of a llolstein sire whose daughters produce 1,0! 15 pound? of milk and C3.5 pounds of butterfat more than their dams but which was turned to an Inglorious end before bis value was known. Cow testing associations records so fur tabulated bIiow that about of the pure-bresires are lowering production of their daughters In comparison with their dams, about one-thir-d are holding their own or Increasing slightly, and the great Increase is coming from the last third. The higher the herd production the more difllcult It Is to bring Increases, hence the greater need for a bull of proved ability, reasons Mr. Fourt. The cow testing association record shows without guesswork which bull? should he kept and which should go to the butcher. "If these proven sires are to be of value to the dairy Industry they must he alive and In service and not butchered," Insists the Idaho dairy leader. one-thir- d d Contamination of Milk Is Blamed on Consumer The consumer Is sometimes responsible for the contamination ' of the milk. Milk bottles should not be taken Into a sick room, because Infectious diseases can he spread by carrying Infected bottles bnck to the dairy farm. If bottles are left where there are contagious diseases, they should not be collected by the milkman until they linve been properly disinfected by the board of health. In the case of typhoid fever or other serious diseases which may be carried In the milk. It Is better for die consumer to put out a covered dish for the milk or have It delivered to some member of the household. Until official permission lias been granted, no milk bottles should be removed from a home In which there Is or has recently been a case of communicable disease. The consumer should not use milk bottle!" for holding vinegar, kerosene, or liq ulds oilier than milk. Hold Milk Flow During Summer by Good Feeding Summer losses In milk production are probably the heaviest of the year, and that Is so mainly because rows are asked to live too much on their Itnng Ination. If Ihe cattle do not seem nn tented and satisfied on coming from pasture, supplemental feeds should be supplied. firain alone at this time Is not sufficient, ns the cows actually need more rougbaue. It silage Is not available It may be possible to mow some grass crop for a time. If no special provision has been made for soiling crops. If neither ts available. It Is well to use hny to supplement the pasture. Twin Bull Calves Found Successful as Breeders The twin bull calves are Just as likely to become successful mature breeding animals as any single bull calf would be. Likewise twin heifer calves are Just as likely to be successful as breeding cows as single heifer calves. It Is only when a bull coif Is born as a twin with a heifer rnlf that usually the heifer cnlf dws not prove a successful breeding cow and usually will not produce calves at all. Even In that case, the bull calf Is Just as likely to become a successful breeding bull as bull cnlt-eproduced singly. s Developing a Herd One good cow well fed and cared for will make more money than three or four poor ones. It Is. therefore, a better practice to add a few good cows and take a little time to develop herd through the use of good bulls. Cow not only must be good ones but also they must be well fed If good returns are to be secured. They will need some gruln In addition to pasture. Furthermore, the producing ability of every cow In the herd should be mens ured by weighing and testing t!ie milk : pre-ve- lt Department Prepared br the United Statet Department of Agriculture.) A much larger quantity of high grade alfulfa could be profitably marketed In the United States If pro- The allied forces of eradication are gradually crushing the menace of tuberculosis of live stock In the United States. This was the encouraging announcement made by Dr. A. K. Wight, chief of the tuberculosis eradication division. United States Department of Agriculture, before the ninth annual Eastern States Tuberculosis conference, held at The Weirs, N. II. In support of his optimistic views. Woctor Wight presented an array of facts and figures showing the current progress of the campaign. Facts and Figures. "During the last 12 months, federal, state, and county veterinarians, working under the uniform plan, tested more cuttle than during any other period. During two of the months (October, 1027, and March. 192S), the number of cattle tested exceeded 1,01)0.01)0 head and the number has been nearly as high on several other occasions, as shown by monthly reports. . "Within the last year. IS7 counties eompleted the testing of all cuttle within their, borders and were recognized by the United States Department or Agriculture us modified accredited counties. Tills term signifies that Infection did not exceed oue-hnl- f of one per cent and that In addition old reactors were removed. . "In 00 per cent of the area of tiie United States tuberculosis Infection among cattle Is not more than 3 pei cent. Controlled Diseases. "Along with the aggressive earn puigu of eradication, the adminlstra tive officials have controlled the spread About 45,(HH) cattle of the disease. are moved monthly from one state to another for dairy and breeding pur poses. Tuberculosis tests of this stock have resulted In the discovery and removal of reactors averaging somewhat over 250 a month. Except for t'uis safeguard, the diseased cattle would probably "carry the Infection to. new herds and areas. With the increasing numbers of counties that are being freed from tuberculosis, farmers should soon be able to obtain healthy, new stock locally, with benefit to home in dustry and a considerable saving In transportation charges. "That the eradication of tuberculosis Involves small loss to cattle owners, especially when the benefits of healthy herds are considered. Is shown by appraisal, indemnity, and salvage ducers would study market demands and then make their production and loading practices conform to the market , requirements, according to C. Parker, hay marketing specialist of the United States Department of Agriculture. Great numbers of dairymen who do not now utilize much alfalfa but depend largel. on mill feed- - for protein, he says, would become buyers "of alfalfa If supplies of high grade alfalfa were available at all times. Many farmers are Intermittent sellers of low grade, surplus hay but comparatively few specialize In the production of market alfalfa. Purity, a high percentage of leaves, clinging foliage, green color, and pliable stems are the essential characters of high grade alfalfa. The experience of federal hay Inspectors is that the most common causes of low grade alalia are meadows with thin stands, foreign material In the lorm of partly decayed rakings, weather damage, at time of cutting, over drying, bnling undercured hay, stacking distinctly undercured hay. and baling during very hot. dry, or windy weather. Alfalfa for Market In most Instances, Mr. Parker says, alfalfa .Intended for market should In be cut when to bloom, or when new growth starts from the crowns Irrespective of tiie bloom There will be little, If any. Increase of tonnage gained by allowing the crop to 6tand longer. At this stage of ma turity the leaves usually constitute anywhere from 45 per :ent to 53 per cent of the total weight of the plants, and the stems have not become ob Jectlonably hard and woody. The grade of United States Numler 1 alfalfa can be attained In practically all alfalfa districts of the United States when crops are cut at this stage of maturity, providing the hay Is prop erly cured and baled and not subjected to much damage from the elements. Essential points In preserving and color and preventing over drying are (1) to facilitate rapid evaporation of a large part of the moisture In (he newly mown hay oy exposing It to the sun and wind In the swath where the rate of evaporation is faster than In the windrow, hunch or cock, and (2) to perform the operations of raking and windowing while the hny Is tough and Ihe leaves are not easily shattered. Uss of Side. Delivery Rake. The side delivery rake, Mr. Parker says, is specially adapted to making windrows of wilted and tough alfalfa that will aerate and cure uniformly with the minimum loss of leaves and color. Avjrage crops of alfalfa hay willed In the swath will cure almost rake win as quickly in drows as though fully cured In the swath Htid the grade of the hay Is much superior. The rake, he declares. Is an essential machine In the production of high grade alfalfa A detailed account of hay making, curing and baling practices in the United States, together- with recommendations as to the best methods of performing these operations has been published by the United States Department of Agriculture In a mimeograph pamphlet written by Mr. Parker, and entitled "High Grade Alfalfa. Methods of Production, Baling, and Loading for Market." Copies may be obtained by writing the bureau of agricultural economics, United States Department of Agriculture, Washington. D. C. d high-grad- over-ripene- leafl-nes- "The average appraised value ot cattle condemned because of tubercii lo.sls was $UM11 during the period ending April :it). V.VJS. The com hlned value of federal and state In This denmlty and salvage was of the $25 is within appraised figure value and. represents the amount that the owner received for the average diseased animal. The sum which the owner receives Is commonly used toward the purchase of healthy stock usunlly of better quality than those condemned." y too Dairy he'.fers which freshen young, or which do not receive proper feed so they reach their proper size, are often less profitable than heifers which are properly developed. A case of tills kind Is reported by a cow testing association. Two heifers which are full sisters and which were in the same herd, freshening at dlf ferent ages, one heifer freshened at two years of age while the other was hred early and was only eighteen mouths old when site calved. As a t one heifer will grow Into a 1 ? pound cow while the other Is stunted The stunted heifer during the Hrst six months of lactation prodmed l"S 2.K"A pounds of milk containing pounds of fat. The larger heifer during the first six months produced 3.82(1 pounds f milk containing 1(17 pounds of fat The larger heifer returned the S.4.,'U above feed costs, while stunted heifer only returned $1(116. Do not milk cows completely for 4S hours after calving. s side-deliver- y Proper Development of Heifers of Importance Squibs one-fourt- h one-tent- h figures. .' STOCKS Fair Law Enacted to Insure Producers of Alfalfa Could Treatment by Dealers. Make Money by WatchSTEERS FATTENED ON BARLEY DIET ing Markets. treatment, and tiate Statement. Agricultural Live Stock Dealers in Good Demand Doctor Wight Presents Facts and Figures to Substan(Prepared br the United State of Agriculture.) DUPE Records by Hay e Danger of Leaf Burn In Applying Ordinary Spray There Is danger of leaf burn In ap plying ordinary commercial lead arsenate to stone fruits, and using lead In combination w ith lime sulphur In creases danger. Possibly the latter is Inadvisable, but In most cases de foliation by the pest against which ar senate Is applied would cause more damage than defoliation or burn re suiting from the application, hence the grower must follow his best Judg went Natural or triplumhlc lead causes less damage than the commercial kind, but It Is almost Impossible to obtain. has been reworkers to government by ported cause reduction of size In cherries, In some seasons, and this may prove true mixtures. also of other V dry Self-boile- Watch the garden for the Insect visitors A hug In time saves nine, and It saves the garden, too. "unities for dl the marketing of live or stockyards Is a primary acU Packers and Stockyards an which is enforced b, the .pacers or division of the bureau of industry of the Depart definite This lmp.es dutllT and obligations on dealer live stock in buying and selling , '.Li;- -- ct.lrvflrds. - It Is no puiitha lon'er possible to do bu, incss on Jjf Sal . "'- niscoeiu Jntctlce of one dealer who was cited e was to appear for a hearing. failure to admitted and with charged pf his dealings. keep adequate records order required departmental The shall keep thai in future this dealer records and the following account his transto memoranda pertaining actions: Issued by L Copies of scale tickets and stockyards covering purchases him. sales by 2. Copies of bills for all purchases of live stock by him. of eaca 3 Book record or register showstock live purchase and sale of weight, head, of number ing date, and Incidendockage If any. amount, tal expense? checks 4. A complete file of canceled -- was Issued. to 5. A check stub corresponding every check Issued. 6. Copies of account sales rendered in connection hy market agencies him. for sales with If any snipper or producer ot live stock has reason to believe that te lias been treated unfairly at any restockyards, the existence of the the enables records of set quired check agents of the department to over the account of the questioned transaction. It is the policy of the first department to be lenient toward offenders, and give them opportunity to mend their ways and comply with the provisions of the law. Subsequent offenses are regarded as more serious, and in such cases the department Intends to make full use of the powers conferred by the Puckers and Stockyards act Causes Responsible for Decline in Summer Milk During the summer months the milk flow generally drops off badly. At this time the cows are tormented from morning lo night by flies and the common Idea is that the flies are responsible for this drop In milk. The Il.v is not the only cause. Til real trouble is thut the cows do uot graze enough and cannot keep up milk production hecause they do not eat enough. The reasons for not eating more are the hot weather, the Hies, the unpalatable condition of the mature grass in seasons of good pasturage, or In most seasons, the shortness of the grass. Using fly repellents does not In crease the yield of milk enough to be noticeable, although by spraying the animals once a day It Is possible to keep them reasonably free from dies. The most important thing to do is to make it easy for the cows to get all the feed that they need. They should be In the pasture early In the morning and during the night, as little grazing is done in the heat of the day. Vicious Poultry Pests Difficult to Eradicate Chicken mites are small grayish red mites about the size of a pinhead when filled with blood. They hide away during the day In cracks and crevices throughout the hen house, migrating to the roosting birds at night to suck blood. Stick-tigh- t fleas are small creatures that appear as dark areas nbout the eyes, comb and wattles. Fowl-tick- s or are closely related to mites but are always larger, easily seen and have a thick, leathery skin. They are flat, and dark brown in color. Their habits are essentially the same as those of the chicken mite. i That there Is a place for barley In the Minnesota cattle feeding proresults of gram was shown when the were reported feeding experiments at the annual Cattle Feeders' day exercises at University farm near St. Paul Minn. W. 11. Peters, chief of the animal husbandry division, presented the conclusions drawn from the series of experiments carried on 175 days. Ground barley full fed to one lot of ten steers proved very satisfactory, said Professor Peters, although the gains did not quite equal the gains made by another lot of ten which was corn given a full feed of shelled fed hand, other on the Whole barley, to a third lot of ten, proved very demonstrating that barley must be ground to be fed profitably. Each lot received In addition to the test feeds a basic ration of two pounds Oi linseed meal per head dally, and alfalfa hay and corn silage, both full fed. j The trials were Important, said the university man. because many cattle are being raised In sections of Minnesota where corn for grain Is not a regularly successful and profitable crop. If barley can be used successfully In these localities for fattening cattle for market, then stock raisers can add materially to their Incomes. Professor Peters also explained that there are advantages In growing barley for cattle even where corn la a successful crop. Another experiment reported made it clear that there was no appreciable advantage In grinding and mixing shelled corn and dry roughage for fattening yearling steers when fair to good quality of feeds were being used. Steers fed the whole feeds for the purpose of comparison proved more profitable than those fed the ground mixed feeds. . Market Now Established for Little Lambskin3 Commercial value has been established for little lambskins. Heretofore lambskins have been a total joss. P Is reported that a limited outlet has been found for these' skins. Hide buyers through the Northwest are buying then.. The fact that a market now exists permits the sheep owner to salvage a small profit from the lamb loss. According to reports the older the lamb the better the skin as Tho&e who are the w.ol Is longer. familial with the market demand for lambskins say that the skins should he stretched out flat. The skin should cot be cased but should be tacked up against a wall or board to dry but should not he stretched too tight Price (imitations range from 25 to 75 cents each for these skins. Poll Evil and Fistula Caused by an Infection Poll evil and fistulous withers are caused by the Infection of the parts affected after an injury. This leads to pus formation und the death of pari of tiie tissues Involved. If the Infection Is slight, treatment of one kind or another may be successful. Even then several months may be required for healing, writes Dr. L. Van Es In Capper's Weekly. In cases of long standing, with painful swelling and abundant pus discharge, the outlook is not promising. Even good surgery often falls to effect a cure. Even in cases which eventual lj heal, the length of time necessary for the treatment often' exceeds from three to nine months, rendering the procedure expensive. It takes a. valuable horse to be worth the treatment flat-side- :;;::;;:::;;;:::;;;::t. S Live Stock Notes Notes of the Farm I ::cccco::owv H Crop rotation is the surest method of weed control. lime-sulph- When you burn wheat straw or wheat stubble, you are destroying plant food. Raise hogs, and the packers can, pay you more for them. They dress out a little heavier than short ones and have more meat and less lard. long-bodie- d Pasture may be the determining fac-to- r In whether or not farmers make a profit from their hogs this season. Pasture Is especially Important for Searching for Potato . Harvesting Machinery Hogs seem to have a special liking for wild morning glories, and If given a chance will dstrov the vines by going after the succulent roots. ' Crowding young chick Is false economy. Fullure to give the chicks ample room Is a serious mistake, for congested conditions usually lead to stunted growth and heavy mortality. Palt7 farmers are looking more and more toward leguminous bay crops for their roughage. Alfalfa Is very profitable where the soil Is suitable, and where liming, proper preparation of seedbed, hardy seed, and Inoculation have been attended t ! ; ' The program of the German government committee for agricultural engineering Includes an Investigation Into potato harvesting machinery with the object of finding a machine to lift and collect potatoes on a large scale. in Introducing the subject the com mlttee notes that In no conn try iocs the potato play such a large part is In Germany, which harvests about third of the world's production of no tatoes. In order to harvest these tier many has every year to obtain the as slstance of some KUlixw foreign wok era. Its own laborers nre -- rowing less and le!s Irnl'ncd to undertake this kin , of Soy beans make a sphm.lid ment to a short tlmothj, or suppletlmothj and clover crop. Blackhead In turkeys cannot be cured, but It can be prevented bj keeping the birds off 0f ground on which chickens range. Lambs that are docked are mum more attractive to buyers and com mand a higher prie than do n docked lamhs. The doling ahould be done when the lambs ar 7 to 13 dar, old, Pigs weighing around 70 pound, will consume about v of alfalfa hay ,f tn INI at about three and onehal p..:u,d9 dally per huDrndwf!gtlt of Jn Jf -- H tt,,M i immey n,j according to Iowa State collie trvmen. N Seven years of 'mnMn mentation at the college that milk u 4CU lQ return from three to sfx t much profit as when fed has also been found that, whJ . are selling for not less thus?, w .. a dozen, skim mi it i. $2 a hundred Z7 Z?'H ecu mtj vame of jkim US ki.tt wunc. HI. tor poultry, tests have revealed. When hens fed tani-. meals as their main source of teln were compared with those th also had milk, It was found that t milk-fe- d birds outlaved th. fed birds by 25 to 40 per cent dorJ com weamer. uilk should always . ... fast Kw. in li. .u or uirus win consd cui more of It In this conditi U slightly laxative effect and the ac acia couiDats many disease germs. From October 1 to Mav i it i able to give the bens nothing J milk to drink and from May 1 to J toner l tney may be allowed to chJ between milk and water. When biJ are given ail of the milk they wi unnK, me amount of tankage or ot packing house reduced one-halfor milk fumid one-hathe protein necessary for M mg nens. u.ne Iowa poultry spec; Ists advise the keeping of oolj many birds as can be supplied milk. Onuu m uci-uus- e f, lf Laying Hens Need Mash in Warm Moist Weath; Summer feeding of farm pouln can be carried on economically hi to good advantage, says Cora CooJ extension poultry specialist at tf university of Minnesota, The amonl of feed required on the average fa is less than In winter, a higher pi duction can be counted upon, t prices of egg3 are usually asceciT after the low period caused by tl spring surplus. The specialist pol: out that the cost of the ration can reduced by cutting down the f and omitting it i scrap gether If pjenty of milk I? availai and also by reducing the amount corn and, in the case of dual purp flocks, omitting it entirely. "The pr cipal thing to look out for is I plenty of mash is used," he sari warm weather comes on a moist m once a day will do wonders in keep up egg production. liens that early should be disposed of bet1 fa poultry prices drop In the early lfeports of storage conditions pre; a favorable season, say3 Miss Ck A recent report said that 13 per ce fewer eggs and 39 per mt lf dresped poultry are In storage thu year ago. j one-hal- m Marking Broody Hens to Cull From Laying Floe There Is a wide variation in mount nf hroorliness In hens in ' same flock. Some lay a comparatN Bnpll.1 Of bfOOdM n Tom atr.ro hotu-oow.,. ., J r Others go broody rarely lf at n excellent practice Is to mam some method or other the number times the hens become broody dr the season. inert A simple and yet effective P to Is. to use celluloid rings of their legs. A bunch of rings o color can be used, thus leavingdeslrmarks f ,j colors ivi uujci nlaced t.t.on is . iav;u unit? a the chic J If set. or broody coop hatched and raised witn oen ' can be placed on her leg. that accumulates more bethan fore midsummer could Frequently the flock. . hrM wees'.' Drooay every m the In when she Is placed uld at the first sign or Droou.-sho-at t"e eaten or sold be w ', ujtri attack. young pigs. to burrow Into a straw stack and pile up there, to come out steaming hot Into the cold. Is Inviting trouble. It causes pneumonia, hog flu and other Ills. Allowing bogs Lambs that are docked art much more attractive to buyers and com mand a higher price than do undocke.! lambs. The docking should be don, len the lambs are seven to fifteen flays old, Most times a , hire is A well-hui:- . . vney contains W erals. and proteins of wry u lty. It Is thererore oniy aooui o.v yc, v. therefore It Is difficult ner uuiueu .i.--- 'ou ln :u ar um,rke:d wxw f ,,, a.. ,,,VJ utl r r. ft . enough to supply her the usual feeds before .u. -- m ha .nre to eat. Since the whey water. It would De we other sources of water' tn get mi. con.f; J ..nifrv piirpo,,.. J -- Poultry cemrul h,, hou .lr. to have, but .um-fu- l the last near. W n- nir.- Prof - Suys the Mussacnu--college: "The outlookIS 7UH' He , 8n,he nnerJ ft)r K,H 7ry dwi,r" " wve the Many Whey Proteins in Ilme-sulph- Dipping Is the only known practical method of eradicating sucking or bitting lice from sheep and gonts. . - -l s egg-shape- d RUm mill,- In man who feeds th. m.Ieed'b and takes his profit la creased egg yleida u - hard-bodie- blue-hug- 1 SKIM MILK FOR HENS IS FAVORE ... nriceS than in 127. Fee. linnd are expected at least during the year." We've paper trying to that's Intended as counting, says the own opinion Is thai than ter this Ing r gin "lifad f"r y.-u- n. fot fH H- -' i" . f 'jrw ',rt"' " rn I""" , r,n r "' ' |