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Show THE HELPER TIMES, HELPER, UTAH News Review of Current Events the World Over Radicals in Senate Keep Up Fight Against Drought Relief Compromise Schall Attacks Attorney General Mitchell. By EDWARD D 1 Al i SWT Jfvi the senate of up hope defeating tlie compromise on drought gave relief appropria- tions which was outlined a week ago, for llobinson of Arkansas, Democratic leader, and many others prominent in his party, indorsed it as the Senator Blaine best that could he obtained. Both Kohlnson and Caraway, who had been so critical of the administration's policy, changed their stand, President Hoover, exdefended pressed their confidence in Secretary of Agriculture Hyde and admitted that the work of the Ued Cross In the drought area had improved until It was now adequate to the situation. Kohlnson said he was not trying to save his face, but honestly believed that the compromise agreement would do what was necessary. Secretary Hyde was asked to tell the senate whether in his opinion money obtained by farmers under the compromise plan could be used to buy food. Ills reply was h A yes. La Follette and Blaine of Wisconsin, Morris of Nebraska and other insurgents continued to denounce the compromise as humiliating, wicked, shameful and alto-ge- l tier wrong. Young Bob denounced the Democrats for with the administration, and asserted that "if we accept this surrender It means that we do nothing for the 22.000,000 affected by unemployment. While he was speaking a committee of fifteen that was said to represent the workers' unemployment Insurance delegation tried to get Into the house of representatives with a big petition, demanding that Speaker Longworth recess the house for twenty minutes so they might appenr on the floor and state their case. The speaker refused this request and would not receive the committee in his office, so the petition was left with his secretary and the Importunate visitors were gently pushed out of the Capitol by a bunch of policemen. workers were The unemployed said to be led by Communists, and the Washington police were out In force to prevent a Red Invasion. This aroused the wrath of Senator Blaine, who declared Hint "the menace exists only In the minds of those who are protecting the very system that may some day crente n real menace of this sort." New In Minneapolis, Boston, Tork, Sacramento and other cities there were Communist demonstrations in behalf of relief for the unemployed, in some Instances involving conflicts with the police. SCHALL, blind rad- Republican TD. ical senator from Minnesota, resents President Hoover's t request that he cease recommendA V ing Krnest Michel of Minneapolis for 1 a federal judgeship . and submit a list of "fit" candidates. He puts all the Ernest Miche blame for the situ ation on Attorney General Mitchell, declaring that utilthe latter's "corporation-publiity connections" have warped his Schall isn't letting the Judgment. affair rest. He sent a letter calling to Hie attention of the President "some of the former corporation connections of his attorney general," and also told the senate all about these. "As a Republican and a senator," Schall wrote, "let me Importune you, Mr. President, not to close your eyes to the lessons of Taft recent political history. his administration wrecked by Hardin? Ballinger; trusting his by trusting wrecked Fall, Daugherty and others of lesser HolRush notoriety like Theodore V V .j c land. "Are you going to wreck yours by further trusting your attorney general? The answer is for you to make; but millions of loyal Republicans throughout the land are hoping and praying for a negative an- swer." the Smedley Butler Is closed. The fiery marine general has expressed In writing his regret for his animadversions on Premier Mussolini, Secretary of the Navy Adams has formally reprimanded him for his Indiscretion, and the order for the l trial has general s been revoked. The public is disappointed for It had expected some spicy reading. Information obtained at Washington Is that Ambassador de Mar-tlnof Italy called on Secretary of State Stimson and discussed the Butler case In such a way that It iwas easy to Infer that his government would prefer that relations should not be lm-- ' periled through a presentation of the circumstances surrounding the Incident in a alleged possibly acrimonious way. It was apparent that Mussolini would he glad If 'the matter were dropped entirely, so Mr. Stimson suggested WKIA court-martia- o The Wisconsin senate adopted three resolutions asking congress to relieve the country from prohibition. One urges a national prohibition referendum, the 6econd asks modification of Hie Volstead act to permit the manufacture of light wines and beer, and the third calls for Immediate repeal or modification of the Eighteenth amendment. Concurrence of the lower house In these resolutions was considered certain. r the senate passed the offices appropria- tion bill the federal farm board was given a new Iodise of life and assured that it could continue its operations for another year. The measure carried Hie final of the bourd's authorized $100,-000.00- 0 fund. lout) revolving The senators, desiring to avoid blame if the board fails to accomplish results, rejected an amendment offered by Senator Black of Alabama which would have bidden the use of any of the hundred millions for trading In futures on grain or cotton exchanges. Southern senators were particularly exercised over the use of farm board funds by cotton cofor- . operatives In trading In futures. By permitting its funds to be used in this way it was asserted that the board is encouraging speculation. EMBA toRttA Sthe say least. Is the position In which Leo Rover, district S. attorney of the District of Columbia, finds himseif. When the senate rescinded Its approval of the ap- pointment of George Otis Smith as a member of Leo S. Rover the federal power board and then rejected the nomination, It also adopted a resolution ordering Mr. Rover to institute court proceedings to oust Mr. Smith from the board. He has no choice but to obey these instructions. However, both President Hoover and Attor- EFYING threats, King fonso has restored part of the abrogated constitutional rights of the Spaniards and JOS lit t - called - 1, existence about decree re- ending dictatorship the that has been In King Alfonso seven yeara. March The royal ents, many politicians do not believe in the sincerity of the government and many more will not participate In the elections because of their wrath against the king. Socialists representing the vast majority of labor; Republicans, who command the support of the fully 00 per cent of the students; monarchist enemies of ,Alfonso XIII, who, under the guidance of Sanchez Guerra, are demanding a constituent assembly, stand fast in their refusal to go to the polls. The opening of the electoral period finds the country In a state of extreme nervousness. Alarming posters of revolutionary and coun- ter plots revolutionary everywhere. I F THE uaval ap- - propriations bill reported favorably to the house becomes the law, I naval establishment will be considerably reduced. The measure ca- ;-- fi-- 'j v y rries $344,000,000, w h I c h ' Is more than PG.000.000 appear' be- low the exoendl- tures allowed for the current year. one-hal- and r Ritchie league and Its general secLawrence retary, of Baltimore, says it will - Lockwood Gov. .J Ritchie have branches In forty-eigstates three within these branches number thirteen, organizations in Massachusetts, Illinois Michigan, and Georgia having been formed in the last two weeks. The national president of the Richie league Is Edward A. Gabler of Philadelphia, rid Hie lender in New York Is William O. Powell. As Is of course months. Already well known, Governor wet. Paul Bogdanov,. head Amtorg Trading corporation, was denying to Chicago business men that Russia ; was dumping wheat, on central European markets, dispatches came from Vienna telling how Russia's commercial representative there, operating from his seat on the Vienna stock exchange, was offering Soviet wheat at prices as much as 25 per cent under those quoted by competitors. It was understood in the Austrian capital that the was planning Soviet government to ship wheat from Russian Black sea ports up the Danube river to compete with grain from Rumania, Jugoslavia and Hungary in the markets of central Europe. Rumors of political turmoil in Russia that might lead to a revolution caused the price of wheat on the Chicago board of trade to Jump 4 cents a bushel to Hie highest price quoted there since last July. WHILE Ritchle-for-Preside- Ritchie la a The entire Maryland Democracy Is back of Governor Ritchie, the only man In the history of Maryland who has been elected four times to the governor's chair. From reports received, the Ritchie leaguers believe that Ritchie already Is regarded as a serious for the Presidential nomination to be made by the Democratic party next year. The plan to formulate a national organization got under way about two months ago. Secretary Lockwood said a quiet campaign was now being conducted on the Pacific coast and among midwest states, con-fend- er A vote of 01 to 50 BY house of the Illinois the lower assembly passed an act wiping out the state prohibition law and the search and seizure net that complements It. The repealers had 14 more votes than were necessary. The measure goes to the senate, which Is in recess until February 17. and some of the bouse members gave warning that unless prompt action was taken by the upper house there might be a filibuster on appropriation bills. . I I a menu i I' IRWIN, who Is still, viceroy of India, seems to have spilled the beans In the dispute Mahatma with Hie Nationalists. Gandhi, who was In rather a conciliatory mood, wrote to Lord Irwin asking an Investigation of what he terms gross cruelly and repression by police In subduing those engaged In the liberation movement. The reply of the viceroy Is described as "curt and coldly official." and the members of the working committee of the National congress professed to see In It no evidence that the government really desires to make peace with Hie Nationalist'! except on Its own terms. They feel there Is no longer hope for the acceptance of Prime Minister Ramsay proosal for qualified home rule for India. The Bengal legislative council approved the LORD d (a plan. 1931. Western Newspaper L'nlos 1 V The session of the Utah legislature continues to be enlivened by the introduction of many bills, which include measures effecting the daily lives and activities of nearly every resident of Utah. Tax revision, income taxes and a great deal of work supposed to lie performed at the present session, still loom before the lawmakers. A proposal to tax Natural Gas and a memorial to congress designed to aid southern Utah stockmen 4 It,; y J. Jefferson, by request Four tenths mill levy for aiding blind authorized. S. B. No. 64, Shields Reducing loan shark interest from 3 to 2 per cent a month. S. B. No. 63, (Prepared by the National Geographic Society. Washington. D. C. great mystery of the the most important Intellectual tool that mankind ever Invented, seems nearer solution as the result of the recent digging up of tablets with a new sort of cuneiform inscription at Ras Shamara on the coast of Syria, at the eastern end of the Mediterranean sea. The tablets have not yet been deciphered, but it has been determined that they are written in 28 characters, which seems to indicate the use of a real alphabet. The part that alphabets play iD the life of a people is indicated by the change in Turkey not many months ago from the Arabic to the Latin alphabet. The decision of Turkey to throw overboard the alphabet she had used for many centuries, and to replace it with the alphabet of western Europe and the Americas, was not so revolutionary a step as It at first ap- THE peared. It was not as If Turkey were uprooting some cherished cultural growth and setting up In its place a foreign substitute. No true alphabet can be found In use today by a people who has originated it. When it comes to alphabets all the It Is an world has borrowed. nmazlng thing but the problem of resolving human speech into thirty-odsounds and representing them by symbols seems to have been solved only once within historic times, at least and from this happy bit of analysis and Invention nil the true alphabets in use d today-appea- r to have descended. The English alphabet came di It is. in rectly from Hie Latin. fact, the same nlphahet that Rome used save for such minor changes as the addition of a separate "J" (the Latin "I" served for both "I" and "J"). and the expansion of the "UVW " Latin ' UV'-lntThe Romans, in turn, borrowed their alphabet from the Greeks, changing the forms of the letters somewhat and dropping some characters. And the Greeks, as evidence and tradition show, took their letter system from the Phoenicians, even retaining the names with slight variations. Greeks Added the Vowels. In passing the alphabet through their hands the Greeks gave it one of its most important additions They added definite vowel syllables to the Phoenician alphabet, which consisted solely of 22 consonants. The Greeks "tinkered" further with the alphabet, so that the Athevowels, nian version, including came to have 24 letters. They also changed the direction of writing. The Phoenicians wrote from right to left; the Greeks adopted the left to right direction now employed by all the western world. The greatest problem in connection with the .alphabet Is to determine where the Phoenicians got it. There have been widely diverIt has gent theories ns to this. been variously suggested that the 22 characters were adopted from the hieroglyphics and the hieratic writing in Egypt, the cuneiform characters of Babylon, and symbols of the Ilittites. Cretans, find an- clent Greeks. No evidence so far found seems sufficient to determine this matter. Probably the most generally accepted theory Is that the familiar because of Phoenicians, their trading voyages with the various cumbersome writing systems around the Mediterranean, chos from them such symbols as they needed stripped of the complications and simplified writing for the first time to a nearly true alphabetic basis. The Phoenicians are supposed to have been urged to this step by the desire to conserve time In keeping their accounts and records of It Is to the trading ventures. bustling. Impatient "Babbits" of more than S.OtMl years ago, therefore, that .In. world probably owes the device that has made possible the great advances in literature and science, and practically nil of the continuing activities of elvillzntlon. Pictures and Symbols. We take the alphabet and all these words that nre built from it with which to record the shadings of our Ideas so much as a matter of course that It Is difficult to reali.e mm lor inousiiims uiki pernnps tens of thousands of years man had no better method of recording his thoughts than with a Jumble of picture writing, symbols such as our dollar sign or the ideographs of Hie mill syllable Chinese characters such as "hose of t.'ie Japanese. o The earliest written records were made In pictures which represented things and actions. Abstract Ideas could be suggested only in the After crudest, round-abou- t way. centuries of use these pictures be- came conventionalized into symbols, such as the Ideograms of the Egyptians, and the Mayas of America, and some of those still used in China today. The next step was a marked departure from the previous development and a tremendously important one. It was to represent by symbols not the things themselves, but instead the sounds of the For the first time spoken words. man wrote his language as he spoke it. The sounds of entire words were symbolized at first ; then, after a while, the syllables which formed the words. TI.Is gave a writing system of considerable fluency. In it were written the Chinese classics (with an admixture of the older Ideographs and symbols). This syllabic writing appeared in a purer form in Hie cuneiform of Mesopotamia from records in which the modern world has learned, of the intimate daily lives of these people of long ago, their business transactions, their highly developed laws and their religious customs. In Egypt syllabic writing was early developed, but to the end the Egyptians mixed with the syllable characters all the lumber of hieroglyphics and Ideograms. The Egyptians even took the final step of adopting symbols for letter sounds; but these, too, they jumbled in with the other varied characters. The ultimate step in splitting up the syllables, adopting an alphabet of characters to represent the component sounds of speech, and building all written words from these simple characters, was taken by the Phoenicians. Heretofore It has been believed that this step was taken about 1000 R. C. Records of about 1400 B. C. discovered in the various countries of the eastern Mediterranean disclose no alphabetic writing; the cuneiform was then in general use even in correspondence between Egypt and Babylon. Alphabet Born About 1000 B. C. Records of about SOU B. C. show the Phoenician alphabet in use, and apparently in use for some time. The birtbdnte of the alphabet, therefore, was taken roughly as about 1000 P.. C. The latest discoveries at Ras Shamara, however, point to the origin of alphabetic writing in Syria as early as the Thirtentii century. B. C. The resolving of writing into the alphabetic form was somewhat like science's analysis of matter. First, students accepted matter Itself: then found it to be composed of molecules. They pushed their analysis further and resolved the molecules Into atoms; and these, finally, into electrons, positive and The vowel and consonegative. nant symbols last to be discovered, may be considered to be the positive and negative electrons of written language. When alphabets came Into existence in the Near East, their use spread rapidly, largely through trade channels. Before many centuries they were adopted in north em Africa, the entire Mediterranean region, Arabia. Mesopotamia, Armenia and Persia. Some stuhave asserted dents that the Bralimi alphabet of I.idla originated independently; but others are convinced that this alphabet, too, was Introduced from Syria (the home of the Phoenicians) about S00 B. C. Even the runic alphabet of the Norsemen is believed to have been developed from a Greek alphabet early in the Christian era. The Aramean alphabet, was developed from the Phoenician on the edge of Hie Arabian desert, mid from this grew the Hebrew and Arabic alphabets. When the Mohammedan religion began to spread In the Seventh century A. D It took with It the Arabic alphabet. This accounts for the use of the Arabic characters today over a large part of southern Asia and northern AfIt was when they became rica. Moslems that the Turks began the use of the Arabic alphabet. While that system of characters had been developed by the Arahs to lit their own language with great exactness. It has nuer been well adapted to the Turkish language. The Lntln alphabet, now adopted by the their language Turks, records sounds more sal Isfactority and in addition contains about one tvdrd ag many characters us the Arabic. S. B. No. 65, Amendsum- Huggins of ment relating to service mons by publication. S. C. M. No. 3, Smith Asking legislation to permit consolidation of lands important to watersheds. S. B. No. CO, Huggins Repealing law which forbids person to be candidate of two parties for office. S. B. No. 57, AVelling Liability of policyholders in county mutual life insurance companies. S. B. No. 68, Musser Appropriating $7500 for Harold D. Sud-week- s. S. B. NO. 69, Maw Reducing in- terest on delinquent taxes from 12 to 9 per cent a year. S. C. M. 4, Hunt Commending Sen. Key rittman's resolution in regard to silver. AssessS. B. No. 70, Candland ment of mines. AssessS. B. No. 71, Candland ment of public utilities. S. B. No. 72, Candland Duties of state ta.x commission. Review S. B. No. 73, Candland of bond issues. Control S. B. No. 74, Candland of budgets and levies. S. B. No. 75, Candland Exemption for disabled veterans. S. B. No. 76, Candland Exemption of power plants for pumping. S. B. No. 77, Booth Sale of state lands under the water's edge. S. B. No. 78, Ryan Monthly of proceedings of cerpublication tain boards. S. B. No. 79, Judiciary committee To prevent unnecessary delay in rendering judicial decisions. S. B. No. 53, McCarthy Power of town boards to regulate taxicabs and busses. S. B. No. 83, Shields Bringing licensed and bonded pawnbrokers under the small loans act. S. B. No. 81, Shields Requiring jurors' per diem to be taxed as costs in civil actions. S. B. No. 82, Ryan Permitting Installment payments of delinquent taxes. Introduced in the : II. B. No. 110, .Torgonsen Definmem- ing voting qualifications of bers of agricultural cooperative associations. II. B. No. Ill, Jorgensen Relating to bounties for predatory animals and providing for the prorating of the state bounty fund. II. B. No. 112, Mills Relating to the importation of bees. II. B. Nq. 113, Revenue and taxation committee Assessment of public utilities by the tax commission. II. B. No. 113, Committee Providing that state tax commission revise tax levies and budgets of local governments. H. B. No. 119, Committee Premiscellaneous scribing duties of state tax commission relating to assessment and equalization of prop- erty for taxation. - II. B. No. 120, Fugal Providing for the publishing and recording of marks and brands by the state board of agriculture. II. C. M. 3, Callister Memorializing congress to pass and the president to approve Hie Thomas bill appropriating ?5,000,0(0 for the reclamation fund. II. B. No. 121, Nightingale Providing that assessment books, both real and personal, must be delivered to county treasurers on or before April 13. II. B. No. 122, Fuller Requiring that oleomargarine be taxed in cartons before leaving wholesale distributors, and that railroads notify state of all importations. II. B. No. 123, Dalton Making It lawful to kill dogs molesting live- stock. H. B. No. 121, Brimley Guest In passengers automobiles shall have no cause of action against the owner in case of accident. II. B. No. 127, I lorsley Providing that money derived from Hie sale of public lands may be invested in first mortgages on improved pasture or range lands having ample water supply for livestock, ns well ns in mortgages on Improved fur in lands. 1 V Brightest fuels. The Turks Learn a New Alphabet. "' 1 From three to twelve. That's the most Important period In a child' growth. And that's the time many are retarded physically and mentalconstipation. ly by energy-sappin- g Watch your child, mother I At the first sign of bad breath, coated tongue, headache, biliousness, lack of energy or appetite, give California Fig Syrup. This pure vegetable product will cleanse the little bowels without discomfort. It tones and strengthens weak stomach and bowels. In colds or children's diseases, employ Its gentle aid to keep the system free from germs and waste. Mothers everywhere are eager to tell how it helps children. Mrs. H. Mayer, 1737 Marburg St., Dallas, Texas, says : "I have used California Fig Syrup with Danny all his life in colds, biliousness, constipation,, upsets, or children's ailments. It keeps him the brightest, happiest eix-- y ear-ol- d I know." Emphasize the name California when buying, to get the genuine. R. 3, McCarthy, Maw, Cand-lanand Fowles ComMusser mending the American Legislators' association and the interstate legislative reference bureau. S. B. No. 62, Fowles Providing for inspection of motor vehicle S. ' " fr 1 ture. Introduced in the Senate: stores during the election period freedom of speech, freedom of writing, freedom of lawful nssem bly and of political and rellgloui organization. It says the government has done everything possible to guarantee honest elections and that these should have the full support of the nation. But, say Hie Madrid correspond- anti-Smit- h Democratic stand ard bearer of 19!i2. They have formed ii Continues session were presented. Any of the following bills, on which detailed information is desired, can be secured by writing to your representatives in the legisla- parliamen- tary elections for Rep. Britten It provides for fewer ships in commission, reduces ney General William Mitchell hold the that Mr. Smith's appointment was the enlisted personnel of both legal and that the former approval navy and the marine corps, diminof it by the senate must stand, ishes funds for hew warships and wherefore apparently It Is up to decreases Hie size of the Naval OfMr. Rover to attempt to prove that academy classes at Annapolis. liis superiors are wrong in their ficer strength is maintained at the same level. contention. There is now before congress a warship authorization bill carrying CANNON of the BISHOP Church South was freed $74,000,000, which provides for the construction of one cruiser, four from the charges made against carhim, the elders deciding they did .submarines and one aircraft rier. Chairman Fred A. Britten of not have sufficient merit to warrant putting the bishop on trial. Illinois, of the naval affairs comefforts would mittee, announced But this didn't end the churchman's troubles, for Senator Nye's be made to have the house enact this measure, and it also will he campaign fund committee, with enpushed In the senate later. It Is on to him called powers, larged favored by President Hoover. his of explain expenditures funds in the campaign of Figures made public by the Navy 1028. League of the United States disDisclosure in the house of the close that unless new warships are construclnrge expenses incurred by the Nye added to those now under committee in Its travels about the tion, this country. In . lOISO, will f the modern country has greatly Irked the North have less than Dakota senator. This expense ac- cruiser, submarine, destroyer and count has been Introduced Into the aircraft carrier tonnage permitted ' Record, and Nye by the London treaty. Congressional Justly fears it will be a potent a negative vote' the weapon In the hands of his foes WITHOUT passed when he conies up for the Kendall bill, already passed by the house, week In providing for a. FRIENDS of AThe measure the postal service. was backed by the National Fedof lbert eration of Post Ollice Clerks and Maryland are very opposed by Postmaster General busy these days Brown, Hie as him urging the m sregarding all Al- to Mr. Adams Hint a compromise might be effected, with the result stated above. Premier Mussolini was quoted as saying in Rome: "I have already forgotten the whole matter, except the kind touch of friendship the American government showed toward Italy and me." $500,000,000 IScWwrtf t h e enemies of the monarchy and di- V. HCKARD WHEN Utah Legislature" 1AXATIVE-TONI- Jot CHILDREN' C Daddy's Bright Idea for Making Use of Harold "Polo is something besides a game," declares the ace" of players. Tommy Hitchcock." "It is essentially a rich man's game and a splendid outlet for the enthusiasm of youth. Hard riding and hard playing make the young sophisticate physically fit and this has a world to do with his mental attitude toward life. "Unhappy Is the son of the rich man who does not go in for some kind of business or sport. He is typical of Harold, a young chap I know, who had floundered through college without learning anything or doing anything. He didn't even have gumption enough to get himself expelled. His diploma came to him automatic ally at the end of liis course. "But the fond mother, ignoring hi nselessness, said to her husband " 'Now that Harold is through college are you going to take him into the business with you?' U'I don't know,' replied the discerning lather dubiously. 'Don't you think you could use him for a bridge prize?'" TONIC AND NERVINE Golden, Colo. "Some time ago I took Dr. Pierce's Favorite Prescript ion. whenever I would feel the need of a tonic and nervine to build me up in health and it always gave me entire satis ' faction. I am glad to recommend the 'Prescription' to women who need a reliable medicine of this kind." Mrs. O. L. Hall, 506 E. 9th St. Druggists,' Fluid or tablets. Meriiral advice fa free to users of Tr. Pierce's medicines. Just write to nninir Pierce's Clinic In RufTalo, the ymttnm blunk wliirb Is fonnd in every puckniee fit Vr. IMcrce's Family medicines. Kncl)ie 10c If yon want a of any of Dr. l'icfcenj. triu I Remedies, Ir. Work a National Blessing Aioney which comes witnout enort doesn't build & good life or a sound civilization. Collier's Weekly. t T"' 7 Sacred Mistletoe The Druids held Hie mistletoe in reverence because of its mysterious Lirth. A Feast of Hope All men are guests wiiere doth hold the hope foiist.'-Hlnscoign- e. DON'T v. d7, Te COLDS Sluggish intestinal systems lower resistance to colds. Cleanse them with t, the modern chewing gum Fecn-a-min- laxative. Gentle, safe, non-hab- it forming. More effective because yon chew IU Fe8iir$mint thi genuinC Waat jf n f Fcen'ataintl r kJ 3 j Tht Chewing Cum jJVfBut FOR the M . LAAAHVt For Adults and Childrem I E2 J4 Mint!s CKTIPATIOri W. N. V., Salt Lake City, No. |