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Show Friday, AQuit a, 1829 e Soy Beans Win Fame for lllinois 0 'Popularity of Crop Brings Inquiries From Eight Different States. (By R:BV. P. B. FITZWATER, D.D., 0 . . Kood:v Blblo Iutttute of Cblcqo.) • EL.~O SCOTT WATSON II:J ·today the greatest, as be Is almost the last, of the old-time scouts of +merlea." Such Is the tribute paid by George Bird Grinnell to Capt. Luther H. North of Columbus, Neb., and It you 4lJ'8 one Q,t those whose Ideas about tbe Old West bave been formed by reading dime novels or some of the sensational biographies of Wlld West heroes (which are but little removed from the dime novel class), read what Doctor Grinnell, who Is one of the veey few real authorities on the history qf the American frontier, bas to say about Maj. Frank Iooortb and Capt. Luther H. North In his book "Two Great Scouts and Their Pawnee Battalion," published recently bJ the Arthur B. Clark company of Cleveland. In the introduction to that volume you will tind these words : "Majer Fra!U North died in 1885, In his early middle life. He was a great leader of men anti biB character won for him the absolute devotion and trust of those be commanded. Whether 1t was by his good fortune or bls sktn, he never lost ·a man In battle. This no doubt was In part an uptanatlon of the faith his men had In himIn his success. Himself always In the forefront of the battle, he never said to his men 'Go on, but always 'Come along• and his men always strove to keep up with him. "Needless to say, he was hrave and he expected In bls men the courage an<l steadfastnes s that be bUnself possessed. In ont> tight when he and bls aeoots were In the open, exposed to the ftre of concealed enemies and some of bls men allowed a disposition to retreat, Frank North said to them, 'l shall kill tbe tirst man that runs.' No one ran. "Tbe eXPeriences of Capt;. L. H. North cover more yeara than those of his brl)ther and so are wider. His joumeylngs have extended from the Internationa l boundary, south through Oklahoma (the old Indian Terrlt'Ol'J) and he bas spent mueb ttme In the Rocky mountains. He Is today the greatest, as he Is almost the last, of the old-time ec:outs of America. "His lmowledge o..: ibe Indian and of the In· dian's ways of thought Is profound. As a hunter of wild rame be was ··1oat expert and sueeesstu1 and the most certain and best rifle shot that I have aeen. "At thfa late day few men sunlve 1t ho were scouts In the Indian wars. Of these, Oaptaln North fa probably the oldest as be Is certainly the moat uperlenced and the most able. CaptaiD Nonb and his brother, Frank North, were In the eta• with Bridger and Car&OD. They and audl u they, did the tremendous work of maklnc available what Is called our weatem empire." Blgb praiae that--to class the Norths with such P"eRt pioneers as Old .Jim Bridger and Kit Oar11011-and coming from aueh a source It Is all the mere lmpresalve. But an Inspection of tbe record, u It Is set forth In 'D octor Grinnell's book. wlll ldl.ow bow worthy the Norths were of the title et "empire-buil ders." Although lhm careers oo the .trontler were ftlled wltb enough thrilling experlencee to delight the soul of any dime DOV• eUst, fort'IDlateJy for their enduring fame these puneyors of sensation passed them by In favor of leuer men. And there can txa no doubt that botb Frank ortb and Luther North were the belt pleased of any one that tbe;, did pass them by. For, m... moat men wbo hrtve accomplishe d treat deeds of <larlnl and danger, they were least lnd1De4 to talk about them. If they were to remve any recoplttoo for tbe work they did, they, DO doubt, would bave preferred It to come u lt hBJ-froJD ~ bands of an appreciative and UllCieratalldinc frleucl (for the friendship of Doetor GrlDoeU an(l Captatn North dates from tbe old IDdlaD·fllbtl 88 da,-. or more than bait a eentury ago)-ID tlle form of 11 straightforw ard, matte~·faet D&rratlve, such as Doctor Grinnell has Written, with the ring of truth and aeeuraey In ev8rJ Uue. Thomas I. ,North, fatbfl of the two great scouts, wa• a oatlve of New York who removed to Ohio soon atter bls marda•e. Bill oldest son, James Bl. North, waa born Ia Oblo In 1838; ll'rank North was bom In New York lD 1840 and Luther North In Ohio fD 1846. In 18M the elder North emigrated to the lle'trlJ organised terrlto17 of Nebraska and a year later brought bls family to the tract of elghf7 acree of timberland OD the borders of Omaha whlch be waa clearing for the owaer of the land. ~b wu aiiJO a surveyor ani'J that winter whUe laylnc out a townBite on the California emflrut trail be was ttozen to death. ~ the three brothers fell tiM respODSibWh ot caring for their DiOther and tbeit two J'OUDpr slateD. EveatuaDy the famllr *tled aear Columb011, .Neb., where tlle _ . tbq!Ded work ot ftlioos sorts. Luther N~ then thirteen Je&N et age, become a PJall (litrlu between the Columbus ~ :.MODJ'9& ~4 J'rallk North jdiMd foret~ with three .._ who w~ J~~UJn1 a ~ ~J trapplq ~ polsoalDfl welvtll tor tbelr M-. If wu durJq tbJs time tbat the Jilorth . .--~~ By "H • t._. ., brothers made their first acquaintanc e with the tribe of Indians with whom they were to become famous-the Pawnees. The reservatlt•D for the Pawnees bad been established !n tl1e section of Nebraska In wblch the Norths lived and In 1860 Frank and Luther North secured employment with the agent on the reservation. The next year a new agent was appointed and a son-In-law of the commissione r of Indian affairs was made trader for the Pawnees. Finding that Frank North could speak the Pawnee language, this trader employed him as clerk and interpreter. Tbe Sioux. and thd Pawnees were traditional enemies and dulng the year 1861 the Sioux made a number of raids on tl1e Pl. wnees. During one of these Luther North had what he declares to have been his narrowest ~scape from death during his wbole career on the plains. He was then engaged ID hauling logs to the sawmill on the reservation and at night was accustomed to tum the borsea and mules of the log~lng outfit out to graze. One morning th~ animals were gone and young Nortb set out on a saddle mule t'o ftnd them. A mile from the agency be was "jumped" by a war party of Sioux who were between him and the agency. A mile In the oppo· alte direction was another trader's store and toward that young Nortb urged bls mule us fast as lt could run. But It was not fast enough to outrun a splendidly mounted Sioux warrior, armed wltb bow und arrow and a spear, who quickly overtook the tleelng boy. But just !18 the savage was ready to thrust his lance through the boy, his horse stepped in 11 prairie dog bole and before he could get to his feet and use his bow and arrows, young North bad reached the trading post. The next year young North enlisted In the Second Nebrasku eavaley which, In tbe spring of 1863, was ordered to join the expedition which Gen. Alfred Sully was to lead t.p tbe Missouri river to punish the hostile Sioux who had been committing depredations along the emlgrtlnt tralla and against the acatt~red settlement& At the outbreak of the Greut Sioux War of 18M, Luther North did bls tirst scouting for the government, as did hla brother Frank North. It wu during this war, also, that tht. tlrst group of Pawnee scouts were organized 11t the suggestion of General Curtis. the commanding officer 1n that area. SeventJ·seVf!D young Pawnees were enrolled and were placed under command of an Interpreter named McFadden wltb Frank North as second In command. General Curtis soon discovered that McFadden had little real authority o-ver the Pawnees but that tbey nbeyed promptly when North ordered them out on a scouting expedltl~n. As a result Curtis gave North authority to enlist a company of 100 scouts when be returned to Fort Kearney from that particular expedition. Upon arriving at the fort North called a connell of the tribe and made kl-own his wishes. Within an bour he had 100 of tbe best Pawnee warriors enrolled, all of them anxious for North to lead them against the SlouL Tben army red tape got In Its work. North was ordered to come to Omaha wltb a list of the . Indian names. TbU'e being no railroad, he was forced to make the journey on horsebaek and reached Omaha In three days. There be was kept waltJng for two weeks before being turnfabed with muster rolls and t-nllstment papers and when he returned tc the reservation, be found that all of bis scouts had gone off on tbe Pawnees' winter buffalo bunt. Frank North was obliged to return to Omaha but he sent bls brother, Lutber, to follow the Pawnees and per· suade the men be bad recruited to return. Ac· companied by a young Pawnee, Luther North set out but was caught In a blizzard which roged for three days. Belnt out of provisions, they st'arted back for the reservation and for four days, during whlcb time they bad nothing to ent. they battled their w.J.y through tbt. snow. Finally tbey reached the North bome tn Columbus. Eventually Frank North found the Pawnees and after a long joum~. filled with suffering from the Intense colct they all returned to Columbua. Here he found a telegrtlm from the eommaadlna omcer at Omaha, telling him that onleu the company was promptly tilled, the order a'OthorlziJig It would be rescinded. That called tor another trip to Omaha and tbls time be made ft In a da7 and a batt. Finally, after man7 dlftleultlee (bldudlng that of the desertion of 86 Pawnees wbo bad ~ told that they were te be sent south to fight the aegrocs) CompanJ A, Pawnee Scouts were mustered Into the United States service. , For the next five years North's Paw.nee acouts proved of Inestimable 'Value. Ready to move at a moment's notil:e they repeatediy pursued and punished Sioux raiding panies which would have found tt .easy to escape from regular army troops. They acted as scouts for General Connor's tilfated "expedition against the hostiles In the Powder river and Yellowstone country In 1865 and most of the honors of that e~tmpalgu, In the different skirmishes which were fought, were won by the scouts. It was Capt. Frank North and his Pawnees wHo found the lost and starving command of Colonel Cole who was to co-operate with General Connor"s column and guided them to safety and It was during this eampalgn that the Pawnees conferred upon their white leader the highest honor In their power. Before one of the fights during tlmt campaign, to which the Pawnees, led brilliantly by North, had taken the scalps of 27 hostile Cheyennes, North bad been known as ''Ski rl tnka" or White Wolf. During the victory celebration held alter the hattie the Pawnees changed his name to "Paul leshnr" or the Pawnee Chief. It was a nume which only one otl1er white man had ever b~fore heen given and that wns General ·Fremont, for whom tbe Pawnees held a hlgb regard. The year 1867 was the most brilliant In the history of tbe Norths and their Pawnees. · Gen· eral Augur, commanding the department of the Platte, authorized the organization of a battalion of four companies of Pawnee scouts with Frank North In command with t!Je title of mlljor. One of the companies was commanded by Lutfler North who was given the rank of captain. The principal job of the scouts \Vas to protect the builders of tht: Union Pacltie from hostile Indians and so Important and so efficient was their work In this tt1at It is not too much fo say tbat had It not been for this little force of loyal red men and their white leadc s the tlreo.m of a transcontinental railway might bave been delayed for several years. The work of the scouts during that year and the following year, untll the treal.y of 1868 put an end to the Indian troubles, for a time at least. furnishes material for dozens of thrllllng yams. One Incident, because It shows tbe metal of the enemy whleh the Nortbs bad to tight, Is note•worthy. One of their scouts was a balf-breed Pawnee whose fatbP.r was a Spaniard. His name was Baptiste Behale and be was one of the most proftctent of all the tribe In the use of the bow and arrows. During one of the tights a Sioux: Indian was unhorsed and Behalf! shot blm with an arrow. The shaft struck tbe Sioux under the right shoulder, went ekar throqh his body and came out on the lett side. The warrior stopped running, pulled t))e arrow on through. fitted It to his bow, wheeled around· and shot tt at Behale who was riding close behind him on bls horse. Behale threw himself low on his horse's neck and the arrow passed over his body about two Inches too high I As he straightened up, be looked down "to see that the Sioux had dropped dead the moment after he bad discharged the aTrow. In 1869 the Sioux and Cheyennes were agatn on the warpath and again the Pawnee scouts were called Into service. In view of the reeeut revtval of Interest ln the exploits of (',ol. w. F. Cody, "Buffalo Bill.'' and the controversy which had been raging In a number of newspapers over certain of his deeds It Is Interesting to read In Doctor Grinnell's book the story of the Bnttle of Summit Springs. Colo., where, it has been as serted, Cody killed tbe celebrated chief Ta11 Bull. Tbnt chief's camp was attacked by General Carr and the Fifth cavalry and after rnEo first dash Into the Indian camp, the soldiers were engaged In hunting out the Indian& who nad taken refuge Into a number of ravines. One t.r these refugees was the chief blmselt, who tlretl at l<'rank and Luther North as they rode past his bltllng plnee. Frank NOl'th dismou.otetl, waited for the Indian to show himself again and then &hot him through the foreh~d. Later In the day 'l all Hull's wldo\\ pointed ~ank North out as the slayer ot her husband. As for Cody's part In that br.-tt.\e GrlnneJl spyso "A terrific storm of bail and rain eame up •nd while all hands w~re trying to get under shelter 1n the lodges, CodJ rode Into camp. Be bad been wltb Colonel Royall and had missed the tight. Later, t.y Ned BuntUne (Bl. 0. Judson), he waa given eredlt for bavlnJ kllled TaU B11ll. but be was aot In the flcht at alL" What baked beans did for Bo!lton, soy beans are doing tor lllinois-ma k· lng her famous, says J. C. Haekleman, crops extension specialist of the col· lege of agriculture, University of Illlnols. Because of the widespread rep· utatlon of Illinois as a soy bean producing center, Hackleman recently received within the short space of a few days Inquiries regarding soy bean seed or the commercial utilization of the crop trom eight states and one foreign country. Brighter Day for Beans. Incidentally be considers the letters as additional evidence that an even brighter day Is dawning for soy beans. What popularity tbe crop already has gained in tbls state is Indicated by the fact that Illinois last year produced slightly more than 3,000,000 bushels of soy beans, which was more than any other two states and about a third of the produetlon for the entire country. The recent Inquiries wbicb the col· lege has received about the crop came from Montana, Nebraska, Indiana, Missouri, Wisconsin, Ohio, Arkansas, Texas and Porto Rico. Riding hlgb on the wave of soy bean popularity now sweeping Illinois Is the Illinl variety, a new high yielder developed by plant brt>etlers in tht! experiment station of the University of Illinois College of Agriculture. '.rhls past year It again proved superior to al l othPr varieties grown at the experiment station and produced the highest yield ever recorded for a soy bean variety on the station plots. This was 42.5 bushels an acre In a rotation grown on rich soli. In a rotalinn ~rrown on ruther light soil it made 30.8 bushels an acre. · Seed Distributed. Seed from the new variety Is grad· ually being distributed over the state, farmers In 31 counties growing It this past yenr. Reports from these farmers Indicated that the new variety n vernged 25 bushels an acre, or about · Jh·e bushels an acre more than the PYPrng-P f.,r all other varieties. Superiority of the Illlnl variety 11s a seed ,. ~>,.,.;· il" espt>dally marked on the more fertile soils of tbe central and uorth-cent•·al portions of th~ state. Field Stones Usefnl in Wails and Footings Cone1ete foundation walls and foot· lngs can be cheapened sotnewhut with no Injury to the quality of the concrete by flllln! In to some extent wltb hard, clean, field stones. This also offers a means of disposing profitably of what otherwise Is more or less of a nuisance. The stones shouhl uot be piled In the forms and the concrete worked down among them, as Is sometimes done; but a layer of concrete should be put in the forms. then stones dropped In so that tbey do not touch the forms or each other. Then another layer of conerete and another la>er of stones, and so on. '!'he stones should be thoroughly water soaked an bour or so before they are to be used. Larkspur Poisoning Is Cause of Large Losses Losses of cattle from larkspur poiwhich are hea;yy each year on western ranges, and occur to a lesser extent In the East, may be largely prevented by keeping cattle away from poison areas until the plant bas matured, says the United States Department of Agriculture. Not until the plants bave passed the flowering period and are In seed are larkspur ranges safe for cattle. Many cattlemen In the West keep cattle away from Infested areas by riders or by the use of "drift" fences. Larkspur can be destroyed where It grows ln masses by grubbing, including from six to ef.cht Inches of the root. s~mlng, ~~~~~~~~ Agricultural Hints Plans make the money go farther on the fllrm and In the home. ••• Too many silos stand empty the year round. They ought to be tilled or tom down. • • • Some folks use weed-kllllng preparations for eradi<'atlng weeds In walks and driveways. • • • Red clover, If quite ripe, may be successfully put in the mow the same day It is cut provided, of course, there I~ a br1ght sun and a tree movement of air. • • • The po<'ket gopher and ground squirrel will bother garden crops, such as cabbage and tomntoes. Ordinary moles will also cause some damage to these crops. • • • Vegetables that ure not good when they leave the field are never any better. It does not pay to put poor. vegetables on the market, for they lower the price of the whole shlpmenL • • • When blastlng stumps be careful of ~ang-tires. Instead o( risking life and limb by Immediate lnYestlgatlon . look at the eharce tbe next day. The electric method ot firing Is the u.t•t ud lureA- ({C). 19Z9. Weatem Newapal!' uat;·> Lesson for August 4 BELSHAZZ AR'S FEAST Temperance Leuon LESSON TEXT-Dan~l 6 :1-31. GOLOEN TEXT-Be not drunk wltll wine, wherein Is excel'!!. PRIMARY TOPIC-Wh at Wine Lea41 To. JUNIOR TOPIC- What Orin~ Leac!l To. ,. INTERMED IATE AND SENIOR TOP• l~What Drink Leads To. UNO PEOPI,E AND ADULT TOP· 1 Revellna and Ruin. . 1. Belahazzar'a lmploua Feaat (vv. 1-4). 1. The attendants (vv. 1, 2). Belshaz. zar, bls wife and concubines and a thousand of his lords. 2. Their behavior (vv. B, 4). (1) They drank wine ; they engagecJ. In revelry. (2) 'l'hey committed 98C· rllege, drinking wine out of the sa· cred vessels t.aken from the temple at Jerusalem. (3) They worshiped Idols, gods ot gold, sliver, brass, lron. wood un d stone. ., 11. The Handwriting on the Wall (vv. 5-16), L The time of (v. 5). It oceurred In the same hour In which they wt!re engaged In their drunken revelry. 4 2. The effeet upon the king (v. 6). He was seized wltb conster~aatlon. S. The klng's belmvlur (vv."'7-,6). (1) He culled forth astrologers and soothsayers, offering rich rewarila (vv. 7-9). '!'heir utter Inability to interpret the writing left the kin~ even more perplexed. f" (2) Daniel brought In at the suggestion of the queen (vv. 10- Hl). Tbe queen reminded the king of l>anlel's service to Nebuchadne zzar. He was st>nt for and p1·omlsed great reward Ill. Daniel I nterpreta the I!Wrltlng (VV. 17-28). 1. Daniel's address to the king (vv. 17-24.). (1) He brushes aside the promised gifts (v. 17). He would not have hie speech limited by the kln/s gifts. (2) He reviewed before him the history of I-.!ibuchadnezzar and applied the lesson lo the behavior of Belshazzar (vv. 18-24), sbowlng that Helshaz· zar sbould have profited by the experienee of his father. 2. The Interpretatio n of the writing (\'V. 25-28). (1) "Mene" means "numbli!red" (v. 26). "God• hath numbered thy kin~tdom and finished it." (2) "Tekel" means .. weighed" (v, 27). "Thou art weighed In the balanees, and art found 'antfng." (3) "Peres" means "divided" (v. 28). "Thy kingdom is divided, and given to the Medes and Persians." IV. The Judgment EJecuted (vv. 29-31 ). In that night was Belshazzar slain and Darius the Median took the ngdom. The Chaldean dynasty ended with Belshazzar. So we may Interpret this whole> scene as pointing to the cundltlons at the close of the times or.fhe Gentiles, and as foreshadowln~e the prevailing conditions. Let us note: L The stupidity of men. They, like people today, would not learn by example. Nebuchadne zzar's tate should have deterred Balshazzar from suet frivolity. 2. The magnificent splendor. This great feast was ehara<'terlze d by pomp, display, parade. llow eharaeterlatle of thla age 1 8. Luxury. The famous hanging gardens of Babylon were a note'!Vorthy example. Signs of luxury today are on every band 4.. The licentiousne ss of the king with his wives and coneublnes_ U· centlousness ts notoriously prMalent today. 5. Blasphemou s sacrilege. And may not the sacrilege of today be In excess of theirs, expressing Itself In (1) a profesalon of relll(lo fur pecuniary gain, social and poll IC'tll preferment; (2) nse of the pulp'- and of the ministry for display and notoriety, even for the propagation of false doctrine; ~) union with e church, attendance on the eomm lon, so as to eover up secret sins ; ( 4) the use of the Word of God to gh·e 110lnt to a joke; (l'i) denying thftt the Bible Is God's Word, !llll king It a hook of !:'rrors, myths and legends; (6) S\\«!erlng at the virgin birth. rE>pndlatlng <'hlrst's deity and setting uslde His Yic-arlou!! atonement. 6. Drunken carousals. The bandwriting Is on the wall. Gnd will not endure this forever; His .1udgmt>nt shall fall. Condltlon!l ,ln the wurld lndicRtt> that the time Is drnwing near. Ape you ready? Nothiac And though I haYe the gift of pro~ e~y ond understand all mysteries, aud aJI knowiE.-dge; and Jhough I h e all faith, so that I {.'OUid remove> mountains, and have not churlty, I am not;lng.-I Cor. 13 :2• Alwaya lJaaalr.fa) .. The thoughtful are alwurs thankfuL . Tlae Leaat Reriataue A rut fa the line ol le..t restatanoe. |