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Show THE PAGE TWO Thursday, June 21, 1945 NEPHI, UTAH TIMES-NEW- Parachutes, Jeeps, Halftracks, Flamethrowers, Plan Just and Speedy Trials for Nazi Bigwigs Methods Devised for War Are Being Adapted to Save Timber Resources Allied Commission to Handle Cases of High Leaders; Local Officials to Prosecute 4dK I l The swords of war become Minor Offenders. 4 the plowshares of peace, and this time Mars has some " , ' weapons that are going to come in mighty handy in the never ending battle against forest fires. Some very logical are being asked toquestions ' not use Why day: bombs to drop on forest fires? Why not use bombers, equipped with precision sights, to aim these bombs? Why not use parachute troops to soon as a forest ranger spots drop behind "enemy" lines or a As fire be radios for the flying fireto transport to fire regions diffighters. Here a "smoke jumper" is ficult to negotiate by land? making a "feather bed landing" in to - By BAUKIIAGE News Analyst and Commentator. WNU Service, Union Trust Building, Washington, D. C. The legal profession is about to meet the greatest challenge it has ever faced. The Moscow declaration, published November 1, 1943, and signed by President Roosevelt, Prime Minister Churchill and Premier Stalin, declares that "those German officers and men and members of the Nazi party" who are responsible for or who have taken a consenting part in "atrocities, evidence of which has been received from authoritative quarters in many countries," will be "tried, Judged and punished" according to the laws of those countries. This same declaration also declares in its final paragraph that "major criminals whose offenses have no particular geographical localization" will be tried and dealt with by "joint decision of the Governments of the Allies." That is where the United States and the challenge of its legal profession comes in. The body which will try these "big shots" is an international military tribunal, to be designated by an official title, probably by the time these lines are printed, and it is before this court that a member of the Supreme court of the United States, Associate Justice Robert H. Jackson, chosen as American chief of counsel, will appear as prosecutor. He will act jointly, it is presumed, with the counsels of the United Kingdom and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. This rules out the persons brought back to the scene of their crimes, the trials of spies and saboteurs which are coming up daily, offenses nationals or against American against Germans, or individual acts of persecution against Jews or others. In other words, Jackson is after big game and he will not be content to fiddle with minor offenses even if committed by major criminals. His job will be to nail those leaders who are responsible for engineering the whole general criminality of the program. The smaller fry will be taken care of by other legal authorities at the scene of thr individual crimes or elsewhere. Nazi-Fasci- Jackson Versed As Prosecutor Justice Jackson's fire-fighti- ng The man who is expected take charge of this program is David Godwin, a veteran of the forest service, who has been active in anti-fir- e experimental work for a number of years. Godwin already has investigated forthe possibility of est fires, using bombs which in reality were exploding fire extinguishers. That, however, was a number of years ago, and didn't meet with much success. It was difficult, the experimenters found, to hit the exact spot where the would do the most good, and there was difficulty in covering a sufficiently large area. Aviation snthusiasts, however, are counting upon effective bomb-sigand other precision instruments to change this situation. As an alter- native, they believe there may be great possibilities in the use of heli- copters. No doubt a fleet of bombing planes could be used to advantage in blasting a fire out of a forest, especially with ground support from a paratrooper battalion. The use of parachute-droppe- d troops to fight forest fires was first tried a few years ago, and they have been seeing action in this capacity But there never has Ever since. been enough of them to combat a really big fire. This number can be expanded greatly after the war, and ihe wartime training of paratroop combat units can bring about the organization of a formidable g reputation and the tops of a young j combat it, and plenty of oxygen to make it burn freely. Thus, if the original fire does get out of control of the first paratroopers to reach it, and proves too big for the first reinforcements also, it is almost certain that the third wave of paratroopers and ground forces will resort to building backfires and digging trenches as the maximum effort to check it. Bulldozers and s will mech anize a large part of the digging job. and extinMen with guishers will handle the backfires. Other men with gasoline-powere- d "chain-saws- " will clear "the path of of the bulldozers and trees too big for them to bowl over. America has a big stake in forest lands. Forest operators are seeing to it that our trees continue to grow, but they know that fire is the biggest menace to growth. They need weapons with which to fight fires', and they expect those that this war provides will help to keep a better control over this persistent enemy. plow-equipp- half-track- flame-throwe- half-trac- coniferous growth. fires," burning out areas in the path of spreading flames. Accompanying them would be men with fire exto guard against the tinguishers, back fires getting out of control. The paratrooper, - however, will doubtless have a glory and a duty all his own. His greatest service will come from the fact that he can get there first. Once a watcher from a or from a patrolling plane spots smoke, it need be only a few minutes until a paratrooper can land within 50 or 100 yards of the blaze, and by getting there while the fire is just starting, he will be able in many cases to extinguish it without additional help. Paratroopers by Hundred. But when long periods of dryness have rendered the forests highly inflammable and fires spread quickly, a radio summons from the spotters can bring reinforcements in a hurry. A single big plane may bring a score or more paratroopers; a dozen planes could bring them by the On Land or Sea, Navy P. 0. Gets Mail Delivered his record are a pretty good guaranSystem of 5,000 Branches tee that he will not be stumped Reaches Remotest Islands by any hurdles that international lawyers might try to put in his One of the most gigantic warway. But that does not mean he tasks confronting postal men time will "railroad" the accused. He will is delivering mail to mobile units not let the trials sink below a digof the fleet. The mounting tempo of nified judicial level. They must be, operations in the last year means he says, "trials in fact, not merely not only that greater distances must trials in name, to ratify a predeterbe spanned to effect delivery but mined result." On the other hand, that a greater number of men are he does not believe that "every step involved in combat activities inmust be taken in accordance with creasing all classes of mail to an technical common law rules of volume. unprecedented proof." His record shows that he 1945, 86,132,623 March, During he can be is a "direct actionist" of letter mail passed through pieces expected to pull no punches. Fleet Post Office, San Francisco I said this was the greatest chalto navy, marine and coast guard perever lenge the legal profession had sonnel in the Pacific. In March, faced. I said that because upon the hundreds. 1944, there were 36,686,937 pieces of Legal Body manner in which these trials are letter mail dispatched to the Pacific With their faces protected by plas Without Precedent conducted will depend just how with padheads covered tic showing clearly that the mail volmasks, a such in has Never legal clearly Naziism will be revealed to history ume increased well over 100 per cent bodies covered ded and helmets, such has body been convened. Never the people of the world in its true to in one year. It Is expected that it with spare fabrics, a task as the one it has before it light. These criminals must convict tree-to- p will rise even farther. case of in them injuries been of such potential significance to themselves and their philosophies The nerve center of the navy mail landings; and with coils of rope of out the social and political of their own mouths. They must handy for quick descent from the service is in the navy department, the peoples of the earth never, at not be allowed to stand before the trees, the paratroopers can reach a Washington, D. C. Here, ship and least, since the day of a certain Ro- world with their testimony and that force. fire many precious minutes sooner plane movements are traced and man procurator of Judea in Pales- of their accusers as a background, than men on trucks or horseback can communicated daily to the fleet post Be Will Fire to unable Engine. 'Jeep' tine. Pontius Pilate was Inas martyrs to what Jackson himself offices by wire and airmail. generally arrive. techWhen it comes to post-wa- r face his responsibility, and finding calls "farcical judicial trials" which on ship and plane moveformation Portable devices that "that he could prevail nothing, but rationalize settled opin- niques in forest fire fighting, howments come in from all over the rather that a tumult was made, he ions. This previously ever, it may be not only the use of are strapped to a man's back are world by radio, letter and messen would destroy the conalready standard forest equipment took and washed his fidence of the waves of bombing planes, and parawater, people in the whole Some ger.. suitable for the bands. . . ." case for democracy, he believes. Nor chute troops to augment he present times these are paratroopers. s Throughout the world, there are with a The United States does not intend must the case against them be pre- forces. The ubiquitous "jeep" acover 5,000 navy post offices, varying alternaAn of water. tank small to the jungle trails of to wash its hands of the responsibilin size and appearanc- esented In such a manner as might customed greatly water builds device uses but tive New Guinea and the difficult terrain some within the United States but ity before it. give even the skeptical a false sugwith it carbon behind the pressure of Africa and Italy is already recThere seems to be a welter of congestion that the enemies of democor the vast majority are on board ship by professional foresters dioxide, either in its liquid form on captured fusion as to just what the function racy have a vestige of right on their ommended in the form of "dry ice." Some or at advanced bases or a as service as suitable for highly and liberated islands. The large ones of this "military tribunal" is; as to side. diuse carbon extinguishers portable fire miniature the engine. Likewise, the mobile units are desigJust what, if any, policy has been The small but efficient staff which "walkie-talkie- " unquestionably oxide itself to play upon the fires. serving as fleet post offices. nated established by the "Office of the Justice Jackson has selected is will be used radio out snuffs them It away by driving by the thousands to What Navy Men Want. Chief Counsel for the Prosecution of worth looking over. keep in contact between fire chiefs, the oxygen. Extinguishers of greatExtensive Axis Criminality," which is the title surveys show that navy. will other Donoand er supplies There is MaJ. Gen. William capacity their crewmen, aviation spotters, piand marine corps per coast on the letterhead before me. The guard and to be attached parachutes van, colorful World War I hero and lots and paratroopers overhead. sonnel overseas above all want let permanent address of this office is, successful lawyer, now head of the " dropped from other planes. which combine auters letters giving local news and at this writing, a little uncertain, but OSS; Sydney Alderman, a distin- tomobile Meantime, the jeeps and halfspeeds with tank and tracit can be reached care of the Penta- guished trial telling of things done and things sowill and bulldozers be to and and trucks tor general lawyer tracks, negotiate swamps ability Secondly, they want obplanned. gon in Washington. Soon it will eslicitor of the Southern Railway; rugged land, can serve efficienUy as moving up with other reinforcewith a personal sentimental tablish foreign headquarters. jects Francis Shea, assistant attorney big brother to the jeeps, and for use ments and supplies. They may bring such as photographs, snapDespite the confusion, this institu- general and well versed in complias bulldozers to scrape fire trail bar- the flame throwers to build back appeal shots, drawings made by their tion has a definite policy and I shall cated litigations; Naval Lts. James riers to the progress of flames. Bullfires, if necessary. They'll bring long and newspaper clippings youngsters, hereunder: Donovan and Gordon Dean. Donointerpret it informally lines of hose and dozers already are essential that can be enclosed in these letters. motors which van is general counsel of the OSS. (1) We shall avoid "the law's deby pumps, powered equipment. Such surveys also show that they Even Dean, a former assistant attorney lay" which so annoyed Hamlet. developed by are twins to those used on rowboats. positively know what they don't he when was Jackson service warfare under With the chemical the may high pressure equipment, want. They don't want cakes, soft My reason for this assumption is general the fact that Justice Jackson did head of the department of justice, is be called upon for building "back they'll be able to. combat fires in candies, cookies, cigarettes and fannot retire from the Supreme court. a brilliant and successful lawyer who "snags," dead trees which are an cy toilet kits. These foods do not especial menace because they tend survive the The fall term of the court begins in is being transferred from active trip to the Pacific and to carry ground fires upward to the October. Already he has made one duty by the navy for the job. arrive in a battered, moldy condiof trees. other Ponof tops no There are trip to Europe for the purpose tion. Ground Reinforcements. rounding up key witnesses and doc- tius Pilates among them. To make sure your package aruments and is now beginning final When a forest fire goes into the rives in good condition, the followtree tops it is about as difficult to ing suggestions are outlined: preparation for the prosecution. His The rise in income payments to 6taff has been assembled for several 1. t'se a fctrong container (specheck as any fire can possibly be. weeks and he has coordinated the individuals in the United States from cial boxes are designed for this In an old fwest a crown fire may an annual figure of $66,168,000,000 In other government agencies interestbe as high above ground as the 15th ' purpose). the prewar year of 1938 to a record ed in war crimes (war department, 2. Pack each article in shredstory of a skyscraper with no au tomatic sprinkler system to help ded paper or some filler material navy department. Office of Strate- high total of $156,794,000,000 in 1944 i to prevent movement inside the gic Services, and others). Authority was extended during the first quar, ter of 1945, according to the Alex- - j for this action is vested in Execupackage. 3. Inside each package put a tive Order 9547 of May 2, 1945, which ander Hamilton Institute. Income named Justice Jackson as Amerpayments during the first three sheet of paper with a list of the months amounted to $39.82.5.000.000 ican prosecutor. contents and the full address of the person to whom it is sent Jackson himself said when he was this year as against $37,726,000,000 an Increase of 5 6 per cent. last year, no be will "There plus your return address. delsy appointed: 4. Tie the box with cord, then on the part of the United States, and Income from every source showed expansion. Salaries and wages rose WRAP it in heavy paper and tie we think undue delay is itself a failfrom $27,357,000,000 to $28,628,000,000. it with strong cord. ure." 5. PRINT the sddrews In Ink 2 There is no confusion as to an increase of 4 6 per cent, while on the wrapping; don't United States policy with respect to dividends and interest rose from directly to $2,770 000.000. an Inuse gummed labels which fall the type of offender to be tried. Many $2,454,000,000 off when they are subjected to individual cases have already been crease of 12 9 per cent. moisture. Although spending by consumers prepared, though not yet announced. '-t-- ' As I mentioned earlier, what the was at a record high rate during Experience has shown that a man v.i:.Tf i overseas places a far higher value United States is concerned with is the first quarter, it Is evident from on a letter from home than a packthe big shots, that Is Jackson's Job-- to preliminary information that con' mi. age of candy, or a long delayed try the men whose offenses are sumers' income exceeded spending and broader than those committed in and by an amount sufficient not only to newspaper. Because of the great his goes unstraps "smoke parachute the After landing Jumper" against members of any single meet taxes but to add to consumers' to work with his portable fire extinguisher, lie carries other tooln such morale factor, the navy delivers first community. To put it broadly, those wartime savincs. thus Increasing the a axes and spades. The hcavlrr equipment can be dropped by para- class mail to the far Pacific as ex peditiously as possible. charged with crimes against human- threat of inflation when peace rechute when ncceary. turns. ity as a whole. well-bein- g fire-tow- g fire-fighti- hand-pump- "Half-tracks,- fire-flghti- high-pressu- flame-throwe- hand-washin- g '7 ATI ' BARBS by Baukhage will be not a con- Field Marshal Mannerheim, commander of the Finns in their wars with Russia, congratulnted Stalin on his victory over Germany In 73 words. Stalin replied in 19. Some German business men recently asked the American military governor of one of their cities how to make out an application for a loan to rebuild tb town. The British Broadcasting company says it has proved during the wsr that telling the truth can be more effective than calculated lying. Maybe Goebbels was wrong after all. The government has sold the camp Jersey seized from the In New -American German- Bund. made into a boys' camp centration camp. It lJJP8 j- Be Used in Peacetime to Battle Forest Fires j Host of Small Fires Do More Damage Than the Few Great Ones or for malice rank second. tough forest fire is a terrible enemy to combat. It sometimes attacks on a front from one to more than twenty miles in width. It can sweep forward at a speed to overtake a man on horseback. It develops a heat that can ignite a stump more than 100 yards removed from any flames. It stirs air currents to the spred of a tornado. The great f( rest fires, the ones we read about, are the more spectacular and do terrific damage but A there are 10. 000 times as many little thrill Approximately 61.000 men are fires, which we seldom hear about, and the sum total of their damage kept constantly subject to fire fight ing duty today. Of these, some 52, is the greater of the two. Anyhow, 500 are responsible to state forest every big fire was little when it start ed. Who starts them? The public ers and administrators of privateaccounts for approximately 98 per ly owned timbcrlands. and about cent of all forest fires, according to 9.000 are members of the federal the official records of the forest land administrative agencies which In spit service, careless tossing of burning include the forest service. matches or tobacco Is described as of fieir efforts, however, fire annu the most frequent cause. Incendi-arist- s ally festroys as much as 800.000 "00 people who start fires far a cubU feet of timber. VTr . . . .'Vtr, Washington, D. C. 'GOOP BOMBS' HIT JAPAN The inside story WASHINGTON. of how the army and navy are burning up Japan's main cities, block by block, may now be revealed at least in part. The two greatest contributions to the burning of Japan are the and a new, still somewhat mysterib known as the "goop ous bomb." Just how the "goop bomb" got its name isn't known. However, it's the most terrible fire spreader in the world. Part of its secret is an oily mush developed by petroleum chemists. This makes the contents of the bombs stick in gluelike gobs to anything it hits, making it almost impossible for Japanese firefighters to scrape it loose. However, what really made the bomb the most terrible In the world was experiments carried out by some of Henry Kaiser's West coast scientists. They found Kaiser had a surplus of fast burning, white-hmagnesium production on his hands, and they also knew one of the greatest difficulties In making magnesium is its high explosive content. So they experimented with mixing magnesium dust In the oil of the bomb. This magnesium dust lights up in a searing blaze as soon as it comes In contact with air. Result is the hottest fire ever known. Most Important effect of the "goop bomb" is that no known equipment can douse its flames. Water only adds to the blaze; as do any of the other specialized chemicals. All the Japs do now against the "goop bomb" is to try to confine the area in which it burns, not put it out. This is one reason for increasing optimism about an early end of the Jap war. - j Vrkm 9 fire-bom- ot Notes of a Newspaperman: "Poetic Justice. Telegram: The dramatic reversal of 4he Reichstag trial. Goering prosecuted Georgi Dimitroff in the frame-ublaming Dimitroff for starting the Reichstag fire. And today Dimitroff is prosecuting 'Meyer Goering! Isn't it wonderful? Ralph Berendt, New York City." p Russian delegate to the Securito throw some light on the muddled situation In China (for a perplexed journalist) before Chiang "technically" resigned his premiership. "But why," asked the writer, "is unity so hard to establish in China, if both the Chungking Gov't and Communist guerrilla forces want to destroy the Japanese?" "Perhaps it is best explained by Baying that it is an old custom for Chiang to fight the Communists,', replied the delegate, "and he has' such love for ancient institutions that he will not look at the new moon, out of respect for the old one." A ty Conference was trying British soldiers who witnessed the capture of Lord Haw Haw gave him the English equivalent of the Bronx cheer. One yelled derisively: "Boys, the take a look at Lord Hee-Haman who brayed like a donkey!" Another Tommy (in the group at ease) commented: standing "That reminds me of the time all drivers in Britain the donkey-cawent on strike. They sent a delegation to 10 Downing street, and the man who was spokesman told Win nie: We re going to stay on tne jod until you do something about that fellow in Berlin, named Lord Haw Haw. Our donkeys have been listening to his broadcasts, and now every jackass thinks he can be a radio commentator!' " rt According to the .Top Davies' flvinff triD to see Churchill was for the purpose of nys- the teria which has been emanating n from the pipe line in recent weeks. Capitol politi- cos have dug deep into "tne basket. In a discussion between two Administration Senators, one remarked: "I doubt if will be as successful with Churchill as he has been with Uncle Joe.' " 'Don't worry," counselled the other. "Davies Is a wise and honest man. Trouble with most of our diplomats is that we appoint them to avert situations which would never occur if they weren't our diplomats in the first place." best-inform- CONTINUED CENSORSHIP With the European war over, crossin ev- eryone expected press censorship to ease up. In some respects, however, especially in the Pacific, it is getting tougher. Not only are newspapers barred from even speculating regarding certain international phases of the Pacific war, but the navy for some weird reason hushed up the bombing of the airplane carrier Franklin from April 26, when she got to New York, to May 17, when the disaster finally was announced. There were obvious reasons for keeping the news quiet while the ship was en route through the Panama canal. But once it passed the canal and was safely tied up in New York, all danger was past, however, the navy till invoked censorship. AMERICA'S NO. ONE HEEL Former OPA Administrator Leon Henderson is a sad man these days. Every time he picks up the news- papers, he reads story after story telling how Washington has given some manufacturer permission to produce again. Henderson recalls how he gained the reputation of being "America's No. 1 heel," by cutting down the American civilian consumption to al most zero. "If I could only change all that," moans Henderson. "If the President would only give me a job for one week just one short week in which I could give the people back some of the things I took away from them. Then folks wouldn't think I'm such bad guy after all." DIPLOMATIC CHAFF C South Africa's prime minister Jan Christian Smuts seldom speaks but when he does, every one listens. C Jan Masaryk, Czechoslovakia's foreign minister, has been the most in conciliating effective Russian-wester- n differences. C Sen. Glenn Taylor of Idaho has used only five gallons of gas since arriving in Washington an example which could be emulated by a lot of other bigwigs. C Secret service is on the trail of a counterfeiting ring which has cir culated hundreds of thousands of spurious one dollar bills. . . . They all bear the same serial number, are considered one of the cleverest Jobs recently pulled. C One reason General Eisenhower and his staff have been so upset about congressmen visiting the bat tie zones is that when the Germans counterattacked last December, the Nazis sent a powerful paratroop force to take the litUe town of Cernay. Had they landed one week earlier to the hour, they would have captured the entire house military affairs committee delega tion then in France. ft Correspondents refer to Secretary of State Stettinius as "Junior." ft Wives of some conference dele gates are having a field day buying clothes. . . . One woman marched into the hat section of a department store, grabbed up 40 chapeaux wit-out even trying them all on. ft The navy department hat done a bang up job convincing delegates of America's military might . . . The navy takes delegates on blimp rides, boat rides, and airplane tours of West coast navy Installations showing them America's striking power first hand. anti-bovi- g London-Washingto- guess-what-fo- r" Da-vi- es When abont to bury Himmler, It's said that a British soldier assigned to the job speculated In Ironic vein: "Don't yon think, sergeant, that we ought to pay some touching tribute to the de- ceased?" "Tes, Indeed," mused the "I will now say a and he began: "Dear Lord, we are now delivering up to yon" at which point he was top-kic- k. topped by one of the Tommies, who spat and said: "Let's get 'lm underground, 'e smells awful!" To which the sergeant Intoned: "What do you expect from a skunk perfume?" The Love Letters of a Columnist: In a broadcast from Tokyo, the other day (heard by the FCC) the Mikadomei TJews Agency heaped "powpraises on Joe Stalin for his Soviet-Ismerful leadership based on which "finally overcame a danger of defeat far greater than the one facing the Japanese at ," present" When the Item was carried in the Russian press. It was the cause for some ironic comment by the down-t- o - earth Muscovites. One gray-bear- d was overheard remarking: "When the fox begins to praise the rooster, and tells him he is a One bird, the rooster had better be ready to fly for his life." Out of a long, painful experience, Abraham Lincoln wrote five sentences which all of us would do well tq study: "If I tried to read, much less answer, all the criticism made of me and all the attacks leveled against me, this office would have to be closed for all other business. I do the best I know how, the very best I can. I mean to keep on doing this, down to the very end. If the end brings me out all wrong, then 10 angels swearing I had been right would make no difference. If the end brings me out all right, then what Is said against me now win not amount to anything." It's the latest silly ruif around. kept staring long and affectionately at a man who was fitting down. The fellow who was being stared at became uncomfortable under the other's r tare. Finally, the aid: "You must excuse my looking t you so hard, but If It weren't for the moustache you would be exactly like my wife." The man sitting down said: "I moustache." haven't got answered: "No, The but my wife has." A subway strap-hang- strap-hange- trap-hang- er ! i |